2024秋高中英語Unit3UndertheseaSectionⅢGrammar-復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)Ⅱ?qū)W案含解析新人教版選修7

PAGEUnit3UndertheseaSectionⅢGrammar——復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)(Ⅱ)[思維導(dǎo)圖][語法精講]v．-ing形式的被動語態(tài)包括動名詞的被動語態(tài)和現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)。它們在形式上都有一般式和完成式。一、動名詞的被動語態(tài)1．概念：動名詞的被動語態(tài)是指由“being/havingbeen＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的一種非謂語動詞形式，它兼出名詞和動詞的特征。它只能在句中作主語、賓語和表語。Beingexposedtothenuclearradiationforlongwilldogreatharmtoone'shealth.長時(shí)間暴露在核輻射下會對人的健康造成很大的損害。Iappreciatedhavingbeengiventhechancetostudyabroadtwoyearsago.我特別感謝兩年前獲得了去國外學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會。2．句法功能(1)作主語Beinglaughedatinpublicisaterribleexperience.在公共場合被訕笑是一次特別不開心的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。留意：havingbeendone形式不能作主語。Notbeingallowedtogooutmadehimveryangry.不讓他出去，他特別生氣。(2)作賓語Hecouldn'tbearbeingmadefunoflikethat.人家那樣開他的玩笑，他受不了。Heisashamedofhavingbeendefeatedformanytimes.他為多次被人擊敗而感到慚愧。Ilookforwardtobeinginvitedtohiswedding.我盼望能受邀參與他的婚禮。(3)作表語Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實(shí)。Whatupsetthechildwashisnotbeingallowedtovisithismotherinthehospital.讓小孩懊喪的是沒有被允許去醫(yī)院看媽媽。3．留意事項(xiàng)在want；need；require；deserve等動詞以及worth后面，常用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。Yourhairismuchtoolong.Itneedscutting.你的頭發(fā)太長了，該剪剪了。Theproblemofglobalwarmingdeservesreflectingon.全球變暖的問題值得細(xì)致思索。二、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)1．概念：現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)是指由“being/havingbeen＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的一種非謂語動詞形式，它兼有形容詞和副詞的特征。它只能在句中作定語、補(bǔ)語和狀語。2．句法功能(1)作定語Themeetingbeingheldinthemeetingroomisaboutimprovingtheworkingconditionsoftheentirestaff.在會議室里開的會是關(guān)于改善全體職工的工作條件的。(2)作補(bǔ)語You'llfindtheiraffairbeingdiscussedeverywhere.你會發(fā)覺到處都在談?wù)撍麄兊臅崦陵P(guān)系。Asweapproachedthevillagewesawnewhousesbeingbuilt.快到村子時(shí)我們看到人們正在蓋新居子。(3)作狀語Beingaskedtogiveaperformance,shecouldn'tverywellrefuse.有人請她表演一個(gè)節(jié)目，她不好拒絕。Havingbeenbitten(＝Bitten)bythesnakesforonetime,sheisnowafraidofthem.被蛇咬過一次后，她現(xiàn)在特別怕蛇。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)“havingbeendone”既不能作定語也不能作補(bǔ)語。(2)“havingbeendone”作狀語時(shí)，假如不強(qiáng)調(diào)它所造成的影響或結(jié)果，則常用過去分詞(代替)。3．留意事項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)作狀語時(shí)，其否定式是在being或having前加not。Thoughnothavingbeendiscovered,manylawsofnatureexist.雖然還沒被發(fā)覺，但是許多自然定律還是存在的。Ⅰ.用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Yetinsteadofbeing_discouraged(discourage)bymyslowprogress,Iwasexcited.2．“Hey,aren'tyoufromMississippi？”theelegantwriterrememberedbeing_asked(ask)bythestranger.3．Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearitbeing_performed(perform)liveisquiteanother.4．Thelecturehaving_been_given(give),alivequestion-and-answersessionfollowed.5．Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeing_reduced(reduce)toruins,thecitytookonanewlook.6．Having_been_witnessed/Witnessed(witness)toenterthebuildingwhenthemurderoccurred,heisbeingquestionedbythepolicenow.7．Being_abandoned(abandon)byhisparentsmadehimdepressedforalongtime.8．Mywatchrunsfastersoitneedsrepairing/to_be_repaired(repair)9．Having_been_urged/Urged(urge)tostudyhard,theboyisanxioussometimes.10．However,aplancanbearnofruitwithoutbeing_carried(carry)out.Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子(留意運(yùn)用被動語態(tài))1．Asastudent,Icantellyouthatthereisnothingbetterthanbeing_praised_by(被……表揚(yáng))myteacherbeforemyclassmates.2．EverytimeIread“...ifIhadthepowerofsightforthreedays”，Icannothelpbeing_moved(被感動)byitsauthorHelenKeller.3．Having_been_criticized(被指責(zé))bytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.4．Themeetingwasputoffwithouthis_having_been_consulted(詢問他)．5．Shewasveryupsetfornot_having_been_invited(沒被邀請)totheparty.6．Not_having_been_told(因?yàn)闆]被告知)whentostart,hecame