山東省泰安市高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題（含答案解析）

高二年級考試英語試題2024.11注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttohavefirst?A.Abowlofsoup.B.Somebread.C.Asalad.3.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotosleep.B.Makethebed.C.Dothedishes.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodotomorrowevening?A.VisitBobinhishouse.B.GoshoppingwithBob.C.ExpectacallfromBob.5.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Books.B.Movies.C.Actors.7.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inthebookstore.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthecinema.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hebrokeamachine.B.Themachinedidn’tgivehim25cents.C.Themachineownerrefusedtohelphim.9Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Callthepolice.B.Rockthemachine.C.Callthenumberonthemachine.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatmoviesmightMarklikebest?A.Comedy.B.Sci-fimovies.C.Historicalmovies.11.HowlongwillMarkstayinKorea?A.Amonth.B.Sixmonths.C.Ayear.12.WhereisMarkprobablyontheweekend?A.Atthecinema.B.Inthelibrary.C.Athome.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowarethespeakersfeelingaboutwatchingTVthesedays?A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Interested.14.Whichofthefollowingistheman’sfavourite?A.Cookingshows.B.Musicprograms.C.Footballgames.15.Howmuchdidthewoman’spaid-upaccountcostamonth?A.$10.B.$12.C.$25.16.Whatdoesthemanrecommendtothewoman?A.Afilm.B.ATVseries.C.Afunnyshow.聽第10段獨白，回答第17至20題。17.WhatistobehostedonWednesdayevening?A.Abooksale.B.Aparentbookclub.C.Aneventtohonoranartist.18.Whatisthedonationusedfor?A.Forthesportsteams.B.Forthecomputerlab.C.Fortheartdepartment.19.Whenwillthebookfairend?A.OnThursday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnMonday.20.Whathappenstothecomputerlab?A.Itwillberepaired.B.Itwillbeclosedforever.C.Itwillbeputupforsale.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWhereEuropeandAsiameet,magicalGeorgiasitsonthesouthernslopeoftheGreaterCaucasus(高加索)mountainrange.Forthepastdecade,ithasslowlybeenmakingareputationforitsuniquecombinationofancientandmodernattractions.Besides,Georgiaalsooffersahugevarietyofsceneryandactivities.Thereareseveralthingstoknowbeforetouristsvisit.1.GiveyourselfplentyoftimeGeorgiaappearssmallonamap,leadingsomefirst-timevisitorstoassumeitcanbeseeninjustafewdays.Butduetoacombinationofmountainoussituationandinfrastructural(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)shortcomings,that’snotthecase—traveltimesbetweenregionsaresignificant.2.PackclothesforallclimatesThesummercanbeextremelyhotinthelowlands,butassoonasyoureachanyheight,letalonetheHighCaucasusthemselves,thetemperaturefallsfastandyou’llneedajacket,eveninJuly.3.KeepaneyeoutforsheepdogsSheepdogsintheCaucasusareraisedtobefierceandcanpotentiallybedangerous,sogivethemawidedistancewhenhikinginthemountainsandcarryastickifpossible.4.Don’ttoastwithbeerGeorgiansonlytoasttheirenemieswithbeer,somakesureyouhaveaglassofwineorchacha(thenationaldrink)tohandifyou’reluckyenoughtoattendatraditionalGeorgianfeastordinnerparty.1.WhichbehaviorofthefollowingisnotsuitablewheninGeorgia?A.Takingenoughclothes. B.Toastingafriendwithbeer.C.Settingasidesufficienttime. D.Carryingastickifpossible.2.What’sGeorgiafamousfor?A.Itsdistinctivelocation.B.TraditionalGeorgianfeastandactivities.C.Particularcombinationofancientandmodernattractions.D.Uniquemountainoussceneryandvisitingactivities.3.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthepassage?A.Inanencyclopedia. B.Inanadvertisement.C.Inasciencefiction. D.Inatravelbrochure.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了格魯吉亞的地理位置、氣候特點、風俗習(xí)慣以及旅游注意事項。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Don’ttoastwithbeer中“Georgiansonlytoasttheirenemieswithbeer,somakesureyouhaveaglassofwineorchacha(thenationaldrink)tohandifyou’reluckyenoughtoattendatraditionalGeorgianfeastordinnerparty.(格魯吉亞人只會用啤酒來敬敵人，所以如果你有幸參加格魯吉亞的傳統(tǒng)宴會或晚宴，一定要準備一杯葡萄酒或恰恰酒（格魯吉亞的國酒）。)”可知，用啤酒向朋友敬酒這種行為在格魯吉亞是不合適的。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Forthepastdecade,ithasslowlybeenmakingareputationforitsuniquecombinationofancientandmodernattractions.(在過去的十年里，它逐漸以其獨特的古今結(jié)合而聞名。)”可知，格魯吉亞以古代和現(xiàn)代景點的特別結(jié)合而聞名。故選C項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“WhereEuropeandAsiameet,magicalGeorgiasitsonthesouthernslopeoftheGreaterCaucasus(高加索)mountainrange.Forthepastdecade,ithasslowlybeenmakingareputationforitsuniquecombinationofancientandmodernattractions.Besides,Georgiaalsooffersahugevarietyofsceneryandactivities.(在歐洲和亞洲交匯的地方，神奇的格魯吉亞坐落在大高加索山脈的南坡上。在過去的十年里，它逐漸以其獨特的古今結(jié)合而聞名。此外，格魯吉亞還提供了各種各樣的風景和活動。)”可知，文章主要介紹了格魯吉亞的地理位置、氣候特點、風俗習(xí)慣以及旅游注意事項，由此可推知，這篇文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在旅游手冊上。故選D項。BNanjingHongshanForestZooisoneofthemostpopularonesinChina,andnowduetoitsdailylivestreamingprograms,thenumberofitsfollowershasrisensignificantly.Atthesametime,moreyoungpeoplearejoiningthezooaskeepers,saidShenZhijun,headofthezoo.Ofthe140keepersatthezoo,40percentofthemwerebornafter1995,and20percentofthekeeperswerebornafter2000.JiaTianci,28,takescareofabout20wolvesatthezoo,wherehestartedworkin2020aftergraduatingfromNanjingAgriculturalUniversitywithabachelor’sdegreeinveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)medicine.BornandraisedinNanjing,Jiadreamedofbecomingavet.Hisparentsdidn’tunderstandhisdecisiontobecomeakeeperuntiltheysawhimtakecareofthewolves.“Ifeelcontentwhenthewolvesarementallyandphysicallyhealthy.Althoughtheyobviouslycannotspeaklikehumans,Icantellfromchangesintheirwaste,suchasitscolorandsmell,whethertheyarehealthy,”Jiasaid.Inadditiontoactingasakeeper,Jiaaccompaniesandchatswithvisitorstothezoo.“Iremembermyvisittoazooduringmychildhood.Ilovedwatchingthemonkeysandfeedingthemcookies.However,afterbecomingakeeper,Irealizedthatthistypeofbehaviorwastotallywrong,”Jiasaid.“Peopleloveinteractingwithanimals,butthefirstthingwetellvisitorsisnottodisturbthem.Behaviorssuchasbanging(猛敲)things,shoutingattheanimalsandfeedingthem,areharmful.”In2013,NanjingHongshanForestZoostartedtoemployyoungkeeperswhohavemaster’sdegrees.Shensaidthatcertainpeopleconsideredtheemploymentofgraduateswithsuchdegreestobeatotalwasteoftalent.“Takingcareofwildlife,especiallyendangeredspecies,isahighlydemandingjobthatrequirescontinuousstudy,”Shensaid.“Workingatazooalsocallsforabroadknowledgeofsubjectssuchasbiology,zoologyandenvironmentalism.”4.WhathascontributedtothepopularityofNanjingHongshanForestZoo?A.Manyanimallovers. B.Sellinggoodsonline.C.Dailylivebroadcast. D.Animalperformances.5.WhydidJiaTianci’sparentsdisagreewithhiscareerchoiceatthebeginning?A.Theythoughtthejobwouldbetooboring.B.Theywereunawareofthejob’ssignificance.C.Theythoughttheirsonwouldn’tmakeendsmeet.D.Theyexpectedtheirsonwouldworkinacleanerenvironment.6.WhatkindofjobisananimalkeeperinJiaTianci’sopinion?A.Itissmellybuthighly-paid. B.Itisvitalandrisky.C.Itisdemandingbutfulfilling. D.Itiseye-catchingandsatisfying.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Whoeverlikesanimalsisfitforthejob.B.Takingcareofwildlifecallsforcooperation.CFewyoungpeoplearejoiningthezooaskeepers.D.Visitorsshouldbehavethemselveswhenvisitingzoos.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。短文介紹了越來越多的年輕人加入動物園擔任飼養(yǎng)員?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“NanjingHongshanForestZooisoneofthemostpopularonesinChina,andnowduetoitsdailylivestreamingprograms,thenumberofitsfollowershasrisensignificantly.(南京紅山森林動物園是中國最受歡迎的動物園之一，現(xiàn)在由于每天都有直播節(jié)目，它的粉絲數(shù)量大幅增加)”可知，南京紅山森林動物園因其每日直播節(jié)目而受歡迎。故選C項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Hisparentsdidn’tunderstandhisdecisiontobecomeakeeperuntiltheysawhimtakecareofthewolves.(他的父母一直不理解他成為飼養(yǎng)員的決定，直到他們看到他照顧狼群)”可知，Jia的父母在看到他照顧狼群之前不理解他的職業(yè)選擇，暗示他們對工作的重大意義缺乏認識。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifeelcontentwhenthewolvesarementallyandphysicallyhealthy(當狼們身心健康時，我就會感到滿足)”及“Inadditiontoactingasakeeper,Jiaaccompaniesandchatswithvisitorstothezoo.(除了作為飼養(yǎng)員，Jia還會陪著參觀動物園的游客聊天)”可知，動物看護工作要求保證動物的身心健康，同時還需要陪伴游客聊天，所以要求是高的，但JiaTianci認為動物看護工作雖然要求高但卻很有成就感。故選C項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Peopleloveinteractingwithanimals,butthefirstthingwetellvisitorsisnottodisturbthem.Behaviorssuchasbangingthings,shoutingattheanimalsandfeedingthem,areharmful.(人們喜歡與動物互動，但我們告訴游客的第一件事是不要打擾它們。敲打東西、對動物大喊大叫和喂它們等行為都是有害的)”可知，游客在參觀動物園時應(yīng)該自律，遵守行為規(guī)范。故選D項。CHowwelearnaccentsbeforewelearnwords“No!”That’stheonlywordwehearinthelatestcutebabyvideotogoviral.Butit’snotthewordsthatbabyOrlasaysthathasmadethisvideosopopular.It’sthefactthatsheclearlyimitates(模仿)thedistinctiveScouseaccent(口音)fromLiverpool.Thisnow-famousbabymayonlyhavebeenbornin2022,butthedifferentaccentsofbabbling(咿啞聲)babieshavebeenstudiedformanyyears.Astudyfrom2009foundthatFrenchbabiestendtocrywitharisingintonation,whileGermanbabies’criesoftenhaveafallingintonation.OtherstudieshaveshownAmericanandFrenchbabiesreflectingsyllables(音節(jié))fromEnglishandFrenchrespectively,andthatbabieswithparentswhospeakatonal(聲調(diào)的)language,likeMandarin,hadagreaterrangeoftonesintheircrying.Sowhydoesthishappen?Aschildrendevelop,theypractisemakingthesoundsofthelanguagethattheyheararoundthem.It’snaturalthattheypickupthesoundsaroundthem.Infact,babiesstarttolearnlanguagefromtheirmotherfromthreemonthsbeforebirth.However,it’snotjustthelanguageofimmediatefamilyandcaregiversthathasanimpact.ProfessorCarolineFlocciahighlightsstudiessuggestingthatchildrenaremorelikelytolearntheaccentoftheirenvironmentthanthatofaparentwhohasanaccentthatisforeigntothatlocation.Whyisthisimportanttoknow?Well,whatitshowsusisthatbabiesarelearninglanguagethroughpractice,andthatthemoretimethatparentsspendinteractingwiththeirchildren,thegreateropportunityforthis.Whilebabblingbabiesmaynotbeabletosaymanywords,studiesestimatethattheycanunderstandmanytimesthenumberofwordsthanthosethattheycanactuallysay.Givingbabiesexposuretoagreaternumberofwordsallowsthemtobetterbuildtheirvocabulary.8.WhatmakesthevideoofbabyOrlasopopular?A.Hercuteappearance. B.Herabilitytosay“No”.C.Herclearpronunciation. D.HerScouseaccentimitation.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“respectively”meaninparagraph2?A.Individually. B.Apparently.C.Abnormally. D.Identically.10.WhatdoesProfessorCarolineFlocciastress?A.Babysittershavenoeffectonchildren’saccent.B.Childrenwillalwayslearntheaccentoftheirparents.C.Environmenthasmoreimpactsonbabies’languagelearning.D.Childrenaremorelikelytolearntheaccentoftheforeigners.11.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutbabies’languagelearningabilities?A.Babiescanonlyunderstandalimitednumberofwords.B.Moreinteractionscandevelopbabies’languagelearning.C.Babies’babblingisnotanindicationoftheirlanguagelearning.D.Babies’languagelearningisnotaffectedbyparentalinteraction.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了我們是如何在學(xué)習(xí)單詞之前學(xué)習(xí)口音的。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butit’snotthewordsthatbabyOrlasaysthathasmadethisvideosopopular.It’sthefactthatsheclearlyimitates(模仿)thedistinctiveScouseaccent(口音)fromLiverpool.(但并不是嬰兒奧拉說的話讓這個視頻如此受歡迎。事實是，她明顯模仿了來自利物浦的獨特的利物浦口音。)”可知，奧拉模仿利物浦口音讓她的視頻如此受歡迎。故選D項?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Astudyfrom2009foundthatFrenchbabiestendtocrywitharisingintonation,whileGermanbabies’criesoftenhaveafallingintonation.(2009年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，法國嬰兒哭的時候往往是升調(diào)，而德國嬰兒哭的時候往往是降調(diào)。)”以及劃線單詞句子中“…andthatbabieswithparentswhospeakatonal(聲調(diào)的)language,likeMandarin,hadagreaterrangeoftonesintheircrying.(……而父母說普通話等聲調(diào)語言的嬰兒，哭聲中的聲調(diào)范圍更大。)”可知，此處為美國和法國的嬰兒分別反映英語和法語的音節(jié)，故可猜測劃線單詞respectively為“分別，獨自地”意思，結(jié)合選項A項Individually“分別地，單獨地”意思一致。故選A項。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ProfessorCarolineFlocciahighlightsstudiessuggestingthatchildrenaremorelikelytolearntheaccentoftheirenvironmentthanthatofaparentwhohasanaccentthatisforeigntothatlocation.(卡洛琳·弗洛西亞教授強調(diào)了一些研究，這些研究表明，與父母的口音不同，孩子更有可能學(xué)會他們所處環(huán)境的口音。)”可知，卡洛琳·弗洛西亞教授強調(diào)了環(huán)境對嬰兒語言學(xué)習(xí)的影響更大。故選C項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Well,whatitshowsusisthatbabiesarelearninglanguagethroughpractice,andthatthemoretimethatparentsspendinteractingwiththeirchildren,thegreateropportunityforthis.Whilebabblingbabiesmaynotbeabletosaymanywords,studiesestimatethattheycanunderstandmanytimesthenumberofwordsthanthosethattheycanactuallysay.Givingbabiesexposuretoagreaternumberofwordsallowsthemtobetterbuildtheirvocabulary.(它告訴我們，嬰兒是通過練習(xí)來學(xué)習(xí)語言的，父母和孩子互動的時間越多，學(xué)習(xí)語言的機會就越大。雖然咿呀學(xué)語的嬰兒可能不會說很多單詞，但研究估計，他們能理解的單詞數(shù)量是他們實際能說的單詞數(shù)量的許多倍。讓嬰兒接觸更多的單詞可以讓他們更好地建立詞匯量。)”可推知，關(guān)于嬰兒的語言學(xué)習(xí)能力，這篇文章暗示了更多的互動可以促進嬰兒的語言學(xué)習(xí)。故選B項。DAnewstudypredictsnearly75%ofuswillfaceextremeweatherin20years.“Inthebestcase,wepredictthatrapidchangeswillaffect1.5billionpeople,”saysphysicistBjornSamsetfromNorway.Thislowerestimatewouldonlybereachedbyreducinggreenhousegasemissions（排放）inalargedegree—somethingthatisyettooccur.Otherwise,climatescientistCarleyIlesandhercolleagues’modelingfindsthatifwecontinueonourcurrentcourse,thesedangerouschangeswillhit70percentoftheEarth’spopulation.Theirmodelingalsosuggeststhatmuchofwhat’stocomeisalreadylockedin.Samsetadvisespreparingforunexpectedextremeeventsinthenext1-2decades.We’vealreadylivedthroughexamplesoftheseextremes.DatafromEurope’sclimateserviceCopernicusshowsEarthjusthaditshottestNorthernHemispheresummeronrecord.TheSouthernHemispherehasbeenexperiencingarecord-breakingwarmwintertoo.Thisglobaltemperatureincreasehasbroughtwithitfatalfires,floods,storms,anddroughtsthataredestroyingcropsandleadingtoincreasinglywidespreadhunger,creatingfavorableconditionsforthespreadofmorediseasesaswell.“Likepeoplelivinginawarzonewiththeconstantsoundsofbombsandguns,wearebecomingdeaftowhatshouldbealarmbells,”saysclimatescientistJenniferFrancis.Withextremeemissionscutswecanreducesomeoftheseimpacts,butthiswillcausesomeregionsmoreimmediateissuestoo.“Whilecleaningtheairiscriticalforhealthreasons,airpollutionhasalsomaskedsomeoftheeffectsofglobalwarming,”explainsprofessorLauraWilcoxfromEngland.“Butnotactingmeanstheseworseningweatherextremeswilllikelyimpactmostofuswithintheverynearfuture.”“Theseconclusionsemphasizetheneedforbothcontinuedmitigation（緩解）andadaptationtopotentiallyunexpectedchangesoverthenext20yearsevenunderalow-emissionscondition,”writesIles.12.Whatcanhelptoreducetheimpactofextremeweatherchanges?A.Buildingmoredisasterpreventionprojects.B.Reducinggreenhousegasemissionstoagreatextent.C.Increasingtheuseofrenewableenergysources.D.Improvingearlywarningsystemsforextremeweather.13.Whyarepeoplegettingdeaftoextremeweather?A.Asaresultofsocialandeconomicpressures.B.Becauseofthemedia’sover-reportingofextremeweather.C.Becausepeoplehaveexperiencedsomanyweatherextremes.D.Duetoimprovedtechnologythatcanbetterpredictextremeweather.14.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Thesideeffectsofemissioncuts.B.Thebenefitsofglobalcooperation.C.Theserioussituationofthefutureclimatechanges.D.Othermeasurestoslowdownclimatechange.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.Whattodowithdisasters.B.Preparingforextremeweather.C.Measurestoreduceemissions.D.Howtofightagainstextremeevents.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了氣候科學(xué)家預(yù)計，未來20年內(nèi)全球?qū)⒂薪?5%的人口面臨極端天氣，需要采取行動減少溫室氣體排放。預(yù)計的變化將影響地球人口的70%，對人類健康和生活造成威脅，減緩全球變暖的影響對地球的未來至關(guān)重要?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudypredictsnearly75%ofuswillfaceextremeweatherin20years.“Inthebestcase,wepredictthatrapidchangeswillaffect1.5billionpeople,”saysphysicistBj?rnSamsetfromNorway.Thislowerestimatewouldonlybereachedbyreducinggreenhousegasemissions（排放）inalargedegree—somethingthatisyettooccur.(一項新的研究預(yù)測，近75%的人將在20年內(nèi)面臨極端天氣?！霸谧詈玫那闆r下，我們預(yù)測快速變化將影響15億人，”挪威物理學(xué)家BjornSamset說。只有通過大幅減少溫室氣體排放才能達到這一較低的估計，而這一目標尚未實現(xiàn)。)”可知，在很大程度上減少溫室氣體排放可以幫助減少極端天氣變化的影響。故選B項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“We’vealreadylivedthroughexamplesoftheseextremes.(我們已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過這些極端的例子。)”以及“Thisglobaltemperatureincreasehasbroughtwithitfatalfires,floods,storms,anddroughtsthataredestroyingcropsandleadingtoincreasinglywidespreadhunger,creatingfavorableconditionsforthespreadofmorediseasesaswell.“Likepeoplelivinginawarzonewiththeconstantsoundsofbombsandguns,wearebecomingdeaftowhatshouldbealarmbells,”saysclimatescientistJenniferFrancis.(全球氣溫的升高帶來了致命的火災(zāi)、洪水、風暴和干旱，它們摧毀了莊稼，導(dǎo)致越來越廣泛的饑餓，也為更多疾病的傳播創(chuàng)造了有利條件。氣候科學(xué)家珍妮弗·弗朗西斯說：“就像人們生活在不斷聽到炸彈和槍炮聲的戰(zhàn)區(qū)一樣，我們對應(yīng)該敲響的警鐘越來越充耳不聞?！?”可推知，人們對極端天氣充耳不聞是因為人們經(jīng)歷了太多的極端天氣。故選C項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Theseconclusionsemphasizetheneedforbothcontinuedmitigation（緩解）andadaptationtopotentiallyunexpectedchangesoverthenext20yearsevenunderalow-emissionscondition,”writesIles.(“這些結(jié)論強調(diào)，即使在低排放條件下，也需要在未來20年繼續(xù)減緩和適應(yīng)可能意想不到的變化，”Iles寫道。)”可推知，作者在最后一段暗示了未來氣候變化的嚴峻形勢。故選C項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Anewstudypredictsnearly75%ofuswillfaceextremeweatherin20years.“Inthebestcase,wepredictthatrapidchangeswillaffect1.5billionpeople,”saysphysicistBj?rnSamsetfromNorway.Thislowerestimatewouldonlybereachedbyreducinggreenhousegasemissions（排放）inalargedegree—somethingthatisyettooccur.(一項新的研究預(yù)測，近75%的人將在20年內(nèi)面臨極端天氣?！霸谧詈玫那闆r下，我們預(yù)測快速變化將影響15億人，”挪威物理學(xué)家BjornSamset說。只有通過大幅減少溫室氣體排放才能達到這一較低的估計，而這一目標尚未實現(xiàn)。)”可知，文章主要講的是氣候科學(xué)家預(yù)計，未來20年內(nèi)全球?qū)⒂薪?5%的人口面臨極端天氣，需要采取行動減少溫室氣體排放，如極端減排措施可能引發(fā)直接問題。預(yù)計的變化將影響地球人口的70%，對人類健康和生活造成威脅，減緩全球變暖的影響對地球的未來至關(guān)重要。故文章最好的標題是“為極端天氣做準備”。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gaslightingisanemotionallyabusive(虐待的)strategythatcausessomeonetoquestiontheirfeelings,thoughts,andspirits.Thepurposeofgaslightingistoconvinceyouthatyoucan’ttrustyourself.Anabusermayuseseveraldifferentgaslightingtechniquesinordertogetpowerovertheirtarget.Thesearesomeofthemostcommonsignsofgaslighting.WithholdingApersonwhoisgaslightingmayusethewithholdingtechnique.Thismeansthattheymayrefusetolistentowhatthepersonbeinggaslithastosay.Thegaslightersmightalsoaccuseyouofbeingtheonetryingtoconfusethings.____16____LyingUsingthisgaslightingstrategy,thegaslighterswilltellyoulies.____17____Thisismeanttomakeyouquestionyourselfandyourversion(版本)ofevents.Countering____18____Thegaslighterswillclaimthatthingsdidn’thappenthewaythatthetargetcorrectlyclaims,andwillevenaddondetailsthatneverhappened.Forexample:“You’rewrong.Youneverrememberthingscorrectly.”____19____Thefirstthingtodoistrytoimaginethesituationfromthepointofviewofanoutsider.Thiswillhelpyouseeifthebehaviorisreallygaslighting,andwillletyouassessitmoreclearly.Next,remindyourselfhealthyrelationshipsshouldhavehonesty,trust,andcommunication.____20____Ifyourealizethatyourrelationshipwiththegaslightersismissingthesequalities,it’stimeforachange.A.Theyshouldalsoberespectfulandsupportive.B.Theywillpretendthattheydon’tunderstandyouropinions.C.Thistechniquequestionsyourmemoryorversionofevents.D.Thiskindofabuseisoftendifficulttorealizeinthebeginning.E.Theywilldothisevenwhenyouknowthattheydon’ttellthetruth.F.Overtime,gaslighterswillbreakdownyourabilitytotrustyourself.G.Ifyourecognizethesesignsinarelationship,it’simportanttoaddressthem.【答案】16.B17.E18.C19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了情感操控手段“煤氣燈效應(yīng)（Gaslighting)”及其常見跡象，以及面對這種情況時應(yīng)采取的應(yīng)對措施?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)第二段第一句提到“Apersonwhoisgaslightingmayusethewithholdingtechnique.(使用煤氣燈效應(yīng)的人可能會使用隱瞞技巧)”以及第二段第三句提到“Thegaslightersmightalsoaccuseyouofbeingtheonetryingtoconfusethings.(煤氣燈操縱者可能還會指責你是那個試圖混淆事情的人。)”由此可知，這兩句話都是在描述煤氣燈操縱者的一些行為，空白處應(yīng)該也是描述煤氣燈操縱者的某種行為，B選項Theywillpretendthattheydon’tunderstandyouropinions.(他們會假裝不理解你的觀點)符合此處的語境，上下文語意連貫。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)此空的前一句提到“Usingthisgaslightingstrategy,thegaslighterswilltellyoulies.(使用這種煤氣燈策略，煤氣燈操縱者會告訴你謊話。)”此空后一句提到“Thisismeanttomakeyouquestionyourselfandyourversion(版本)ofevents.(這是為了讓你質(zhì)疑自己和自己對事件的描述。)”由此可知，此空應(yīng)描述煤氣燈操縱者是如何說謊的，E選項Theywilldothisevenwhenyouknowthattheydon’ttellthetruth.(即使你知道他們沒說實話，他們也會這樣做)符合此處的語境，起到上下文的承上啟下作用。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)此空的后一句“Thegaslighterswillclaimthatthingsdidn’thappenthewaythatthetargetcorrectlyclaims,andwillevenaddondetailsthatneverhappened.(煤氣燈操縱者會聲稱事情并沒有按照目標所正確聲稱的那樣發(fā)生，甚至?xí)砑訌奈窗l(fā)生過的細節(jié)。)”由此可知，此空應(yīng)該引出煤氣燈操縱者會如何反駁目標，C選項Thistechniquequestionsyourmemoryorversionofevents.(這種技巧會質(zhì)疑你的記憶或?qū)κ录拿枋?符合此處的語境，并且選項中的“yourmemoryorversionofevents”與后一句中的“thewaythatthetargetcorrectlyclaims”相呼應(yīng)。故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)此空的前一句提到“You’rewrong.Youneverrememberthingscorrectly.(你錯了。你從來都記不住事情)”由此可知，此空應(yīng)該是對如何應(yīng)對煤氣燈操縱者給出的建議，G選項Ifyourecognizethesesignsinarelationship,it’simportanttoaddressthem.(如果你在一段關(guān)系中認出了這些跡象，解決它們很重要)符合此處的語境，并且引出下文的具體建議。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)此空的前一句提到“Next,remindyourselfhealthyrelationshipsshouldhavehonesty,trust,andcommunication.(接下來，提醒自己健康的關(guān)系應(yīng)該具備誠實、信任和交流。)”由此可知，此空應(yīng)該繼續(xù)描述健康關(guān)系應(yīng)該具備的特質(zhì)，A選項Theyshouldalsoberespectfulandsupportive.(他們也應(yīng)該尊重和支持你)符合此處的語境，并且選項中的“they”指代前一句中的“healthyrelationships”。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnedayinNorthCarolina,Kenji“Flash”Bowen,aformerhighschoolathlete,becameahero.Hewasdrivingwithhiswifewhentheyencountereda____21____roadafterastorm.Bowensawapickuptruckontheothersideoftheroad,moving____22____towardstherisingwaters.Hetriedto____23____thedriverwithhiscarlights,butthedriverdidn’t____24____.Soon,thetruckgotstuckinthefloodandstarted____25____towardsadeepditch（溝）.Bowenquicklyjumpedoutofhiscarand____26____intothestrong,fastmovingwater.Hereachedthetruckjustasitbegan____27____.Inside,amanandawomanweretrapped.Theytriedtoopenthecardoors,butthewaterpressuremadeit____28____.Bowenhelpedthewomanclimboutthroughthe____29____,wherehiswifewaswaitingtohelpher.Afterthat,Bowenwentbacktosavethemanandhisdog,pullingbothoutofthetruck.Thewomanwasunharmedbutshaken,_____30_____themanwasinastateofshock.EventhoughBowenwasanoutstanding_____31_____,headmittedthathedidn’tlikeswimmingordeepwater.Butinthisdangeroussituation,his_____32_____thinkingandcouragesavedthecoupleandtheirdogfromdrowning.Aftertherescue,Bowencollapsed（突然坐下）besidetheroad,tiredbut_____33_____.His_____34_____showshowordinarypeoplecanbecomeheroesinlifethreateningmoments._____35_____forthecoupleandtheirdog,Bowenwasfasterthanthedangerousfloodwaters.21.A.dirty B.crowded C.narrow D.flooded22.A.freely B.slowly C.hardly D.carelessly23.A.signal B.follow C.scare D.encourage24.A.hear B.ignore C.notice D.believe25.A.flying B.falling C.rolling D.floating26.A.ran B.jogged C.stepped D.dropped27.A.pullingover B.turningaround C.goingdown D.breakingdown28.A.heavy B.dangerous C.secure D.impossible29.A.door B.window C.bottom D.back30.A.while B.since C.when D.unless31.A.sportsman B.driver C.captain D.rescuer32A.novel B.quick C.critical D.positive33.A.embarassed B.puzzled C.relieved D.disappointed34.A.skill B.talent C.bravery D.determination35.A.Surprisingly B.Amusingly C.Unluckily D.Fortunately【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.A32.B33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了曾是高中運動員的“閃電俠”鮑恩在一場暴風雨中從被洪水淹沒的道路上救出一對夫婦和他們的狗后，成為了北卡羅來納州的英雄的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：暴風雨過后，他和妻子開車時遇到了一條被水淹沒的道路。A.dirty臟的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.narrow狹窄的；D.flooded被淹沒的。根據(jù)下文“afterastorm”以及“thetruckgotstuckintheflood”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他和妻子開車時遇到了一條被水淹沒的道路。故選D項。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：鮑恩看到路的另一邊有一輛小貨車，正慢慢地駛向上漲的水面。A.freely自由地；B.slowly慢慢地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.carelessly粗心地。根據(jù)語境以及下文“towardstherisingwaters”由此可知，由于道路被水淹沒，此處應(yīng)表示鮑恩看到路的另一邊有一輛小貨車，正慢慢地駛向上漲的水面。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他試圖用車燈示意司機，但司機沒有注意到。A.signal發(fā)出信號，示意；B.follow跟隨；C.scare使害怕；D.encourage鼓勵。根據(jù)上文提到的一輛小貨車正慢慢地駛向上漲的水面，以及下文“thedriverwithhiscarlights”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他試圖用車燈示意司機。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他試圖用車燈示意司機，但司機沒有注意到。A.hear聽到；B.ignore忽視；C.notice注意到；D.believe相信。根據(jù)上文提到的他試圖用車燈示意司機，以及該句中的but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處應(yīng)表示他試圖用車燈示意司機，但司機沒有注意到。故選C項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，卡車被困在洪水中，開始向一條深溝漂去。A.flying飛；B.falling摔倒；C.rolling滾；D.floating漂流。根據(jù)上文“thetruckgotstuckintheflood”結(jié)合常識可知，此處應(yīng)表示卡車被困在洪水中，開始向一條深溝漂去。故選D項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：鮑恩迅速從車里跳了出來，沖進了湍急的河水中。A.ran沖，跑；B.jogged慢跑；C.stepped邁步；D.dropped掉落；根據(jù)句意以及下文“thestrong,fastmovingwater”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示鮑恩從車里跳了出來，沖進了湍急的河水中。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：就在卡車開始下沉?xí)r，他到了那里。A.pullingover靠邊停車；B.turningaround轉(zhuǎn)過身；C.goingdown下沉；D.breakingdown出故障。根據(jù)語境以及上文“Hereachedthetruckjustas…”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示就在卡車開始下沉?xí)r，他到了那里。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們試圖打開車門，但水壓使他們無法打開。A.heavy重的；B.dangerous危險的；C.secure安全的；D.impossible不可能的。根據(jù)上文“Theytriedtoopenthecardoors”提到試圖打開車門，以及“butthewaterpressure”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示水壓使他們無法打開車門。故選D項。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鮑恩幫助那個女人從窗戶爬了出去，他的妻子在那里等著幫助她。A.door門；B.window窗戶；C.bottom底部；D.back背。根據(jù)上文提到的水壓使他們無法打開車門，以及下文“wherehiswifewaswaitingtohelpher.”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示鮑恩幫助那個女人從窗戶爬了出去。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這名女子沒有受傷，但受到了驚嚇，而這名男子則處于震驚狀態(tài)。A.while而，與此同時；B.since因為；C.when當……時候；D.unless除非。根