Unit4SpaceExplorationDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版

Unit4

SpaceExplorationDiscoveringUsefulStructuresInfinitivesastheattributeandtheadverbialSendsomeonetolovemeIneedtorestinarmsKeepmesafefromharminpouringrainGivemeendlesssummerLordIfearthecoldFeelI'mgettingoldBeforemytimeAsmysoulhealstheshameIwillgrowthroughthispainLordI'mdoingallIcantobeabettermanGoeasyonmyconscience'Causeit'snotmyfaultIknowI'vebeentaughttotaketheblameRestassuredmyangelsWillcatchmytearsWalkmeoutofhereI'minpainAsmysoulhealstheshameIwillgrowthroughthispainLordI'mdoingallIcantobeabettermanBetterman1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Definitionofinfinitives：

不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式,由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)。

但不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。以下不定式充當(dāng)什么成分？Toliveabroadisnoteasy.Sheplannedtovisitherparentsnextweek.Thequestionishowtogetthere.ThefirstpersontocomeisMr.Brown.HewenttoFrancetolearnFrench.Hisfatherencouragedhimtofindanewjob.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)InfinitivesastheattributePartOne1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在不定代詞或名詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Letusgivehimsomething

toeat.

讓我們給他一些吃的東西。Wehavemuchhomework

todo

tonight.今晚我們有很多作業(yè)要做。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞,或不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)，工具等，不定式后面需有相應(yīng)的介詞。TheGreenhaveacomfortablehousetolivein.

格林一家有一幢舒適的房子可以居住。Hereissomepaperforyoutowriteon.

這是給你寫(xiě)字的紙張。*如果動(dòng)詞不定式修飾的名詞是time，place或way，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上會(huì)省略。 Tomhasnoplace

tolive

becausehishousehasbeenburnttotheground.湯姆沒(méi)有地方住，因?yàn)樗姆孔右呀?jīng)被徹底焚毀了。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。3.名詞前有序數(shù)詞和last,next,only,no,all,any等詞以及最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),其后要用動(dòng)詞不定式。 ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.

她是第一個(gè)在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中贏得金牌的女性。Youaretheonlypersontobelate.你是唯一一個(gè)遲到的人。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。4.抽象名詞attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way等后面常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。ButJannyhastheabilityanddesire

todousefulwork.但是詹尼有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。Shesaidshehadnoplantogothere.她說(shuō)她沒(méi)有去那里的打算。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。5.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)。動(dòng)賓關(guān)系指的是被修飾詞是構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，所以作定語(yǔ)的不定式不能帶賓語(yǔ)。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetingstoattend.我通常有很多會(huì)議要參加。Sheisanicepersontoworkwith.她是一個(gè)很好的合作伙伴。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。6.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。主謂關(guān)系指的是被修飾詞是構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。此時(shí)的動(dòng)詞不定式在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.=Wemustfindapersonwho/thatcandothejob.我們必須找到一個(gè)人來(lái)做這項(xiàng)工作。Weneedsomeonetogoandgetadoctor.=Weneedsomeonethatcangoandgetadoctor.我們需要有人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。我們接到了離開(kāi)這個(gè)城市的命令。7.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)有同位關(guān)系時(shí)。同位關(guān)系指的是不定式對(duì)所修飾的名詞的內(nèi)容起解釋、說(shuō)明作用。Wegottheordertoleavethecity.我們接到了離開(kāi)這個(gè)城市的命令。Theydon'thaveenouehevidencetoprove

thatshewaswrong.他們沒(méi)有充足的證據(jù)證明她是錯(cuò)的。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Practice1.Theairport_________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

2.Doyouhaveanything_______(do)tonight?

3.Thebestway__________(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.

4.I’dliketohaveafewbooks_______(read)duringthetrip.

5.Chinaisthethirdcountryintheworld_______(send)menintospace.6.Maryhadgreatdetermination_________(achieve)hergoal.7.TheGermangirlhastheability________(learn)Chinesewell.8.Ihavesomethingimportant__________(tell)you.9.Themanageristhelast________(come)tothemeeting.10.Thelittleboyhasnoone________________(play).tobecompletedtodotoimprovetoreadtosendtoachievetolearntotelltocometoplaywithInfinitivesasadverbialPartTwo1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)可位于句首或句末，句首常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)有inorderto和soasto，但soasto不可位于句首。

TolearnEnglishwell,

youmustputyourheartintoit.Sheranfastallthewaysoastocatchthelastbus.

Inordertopass

theexam,Janeworkedhardtillmidnight.1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

多見(jiàn)于“too...to”；“enoughto...”；“onlytodo”（常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果）；“so/such...asto的句型中。 Sheissoproudastolookdownuponothers.

Hewentbackhome,onlytofind

hishousehadbeenbrokeninto.特別提醒現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別01Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn’tfit.她焦急地從包裹里拿出衣服試穿，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)衣服不合身。02Hisfatherpassedaway,leavinghimalittlemoney.他父親去世了，留給他一點(diǎn)錢(qián)。動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種意想不到的結(jié)果；而現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種順承的，必然造成的結(jié)果。1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式常跟在一些形容詞之后說(shuō)明產(chǎn)生某種情緒的原因。常見(jiàn)的形容詞有happy,lucky,

surprised,

sorry,glad,delighted,

anxious,

interested,woried等。 Wewereastonished

tofind

thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition. Shewasdisappointed

tohearthenews.1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Practice1._________(make)himselfheard,heraisedhisvoice.2.Heistoohonestaman________(tell)alie.3.Shegotupearlierthenextdaysoas__________(catch)thefirstbus.4.Asweallknow,fewpeoplecanlive________(be)ahundred.5.Themorningairissogood_________(breath)thathegetsupearlyeveryday.6._______(enjoy)theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.7.Shereturenedonly________(find)thatnoonewasathome.8.Wemustdowhatwecan_______(help)thoseinneed.9.DuringtheSpringFestival,familiesgettogether_________(enjoy)abigdinner.10.Hewalkstooslowly________(get)thereontime.TomaketotelltocatchtobetobreathToenjoytofindtohelptoenjoytoget一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1)OurEnglishteacherhasmanyways_____________(make)herclassinteresting.2)Hehasalotofwork___________(do)everyweekend.3)Theyarelookingforaroom______________(live).4)Ihavenochance__________(go)sightseeingwithsomuchworktodo.5)Theairport____________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

6）Thedoctorsarebusydoingwhattheycan_____________(save)thedyingman.7）Theoldmanwastooangry_____________(say)aword.8）HehurriedtothestationtoseeTomoff,only_____________(find)hehadalreadyleft.Testforgoals一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.OurEnglishteacherhasmanyways________(make)herclasslively.2.Hehasalotofwork

_______(do)everyweekend.3.Theyarelookingforaroom

____________(live).4.Ihavenochance________(go)sightseeingwithsomuchworktodo.5.Theairport__________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

6.Thedoctorsarebusydoingwhattheycan________(save)thedyingman.7.Theoldmanwastooangry________(say)aword.8.HehurriedtothestationtoseeTomoff,only_______(find)hehadalreadyleft.9.Themeeting_______(take)placenextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.10.Helenhadtoshout_________(make)herselfheard.tomaketodotoliveintogotobecompeletedtosavetosaytofindtotaketomake1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。二、語(yǔ)法填空。 1.________(send)peopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal2.__________(achieve).Oneofthebig