2024年北京人大附中朝陽學(xué)校高二（上）10月月考英語試題及答案

2024北京人大附中朝陽學(xué)校高二10月月考英語2024年10月1.本試卷分為四部分，共有54題，共8頁試題，3頁答題紙，考試時(shí)長100分鐘，．滿分100分。2.請將個(gè)人信息完整填寫在答題紙密封線內(nèi)，確保信息準(zhǔn)確無誤?？忌氈?.客觀題均須用2B鉛筆按規(guī)定要求在“機(jī)讀答題紙對應(yīng)區(qū)域上作答，選項(xiàng)與題號要對應(yīng)，填涂要規(guī)范，保持答題卡整潔，不要折疊、折皺、破損，不得做任何標(biāo)記。4.主觀題各題均須用黑色字跡的簽字筆按規(guī)定要求在答題紙上作答。．．．．．．．．．．．第一部分：知識運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，共20分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共小題;每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TheIlookedthroughtheroster(花名冊)postedonthewall.Mybody___1___asIsawallmyfriends’namesbutdidnotfindmine.Icouldfeelthetearsbuildingineyes.Ifelt___2___inside,likenothingmattered.WhenIgotbackhome,myfathernoticedmysullenwalkandgloomyface,andaskedmewhatwaswrong.“Allmyfriends___3___theschoolteam.Everyone!Exceptme…”Istammered.whatyougoingtodoaboutit?Areyoujustgoingtothere?”heasked.Iknowwhattojustshakinghead.Ithoughthardforthirtyminutesaboutwhatsaid,anditstartedmaking___4___.Nobodywasgoingtogivea___5___onthatteam.Iwouldhaveearnit.___6___,therewasagymnearmyschool,soassoonasschoolwasIbikedtothegymandtrainedhard.Iran,dribbled,andshotuntilI___7___ontheflooreverysingleThereweremomentswhenIthinkIcouldkeepongoing,butI___8___throughit.Afterall,Ithought,hardworkbeatstalentwhentalenthard.AfteralmostaItriedoutforseventh-gradeteamwithgreatconfidence.Regardlessoftheoutcome,IknewthatIhadworkedhardandlearnedsomethingaboutmental___9___.Thenextseeingnameprintedinboldletters,IrealizedImadeit.greaterthethe___10___thereward,andIofficiallymadeaturnaround.1.A.frozeB.changedB.lonelyC.shookD.expandedD.dead2.A.calmC.nervousC.acceptedC.sense3.A.made4.A.history5.A.taskB.supportedB.troubleB.spotD.celebratedD.wayC.handD.rewardD.HonestlyD.collapsed6.A.Accidentally7.A.rolledB.ConvenientlyB.movedC.C.struggled8.A.sawB.walkedB.flexibilityB.funnierC.poweredC.well-beingC.sweeterD.lookedD.sufferingD.quicker9.A.toughness10.A.purer第二節(jié)語法填空(共小題;每小題1分，共10分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Myphoneandlaptopareneveroutoftouchingdistance,soI’mconstantlypostingupdatesonsocialmedia—I’mhavingaonmywaytoschoolorwatchingTInI’mway____12____ashyorreservedperson,butI____13____(wire)upeveryfunnythatmyfriendsandIchatterawayonlinesomuch,butwhenwemeet,wejustspentthetime____14____(bend)overourphonesandenduphavingnothingtoB閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。IseenJenkinssinceI____15____(leave)school,butIoftenthinkabouthim.behonest,I____16____(perform)poorlyinmanyschoolsubjectsbeforeIhim,especiallyscience.me,wasasubjectfullofstrangewords.ButJenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting.Heusedtoexplainsomething____17____seemedwithlotsofpracticalexamplesandinsimplelanguage.evenbuiltarocketlitamatchsetitItwasgreatfun.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Extrovertsarepeoplewholookoutwards.Theyconsider____18____(they)sociableandinterestedinarangeofexperiencesandenjoyspendingtimewithotherpeople.Introverts,ontheotherhand,lookinwards.Theyarereservedandtend____19____(think)beforetakingaction.Therehasbeensomeinterestingresearchinto____20____peoplearebasicallyextrovertsorintroverts.Somesayextrovertsandintrovertsarebornnotmadewhileothersbelievetheenvironmentismoreimportantshaping第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié);共分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)AThePublicinNewOnourwebsite,youcanfindouthowmuchcoststoridethebus,LongIslandRailRoad,andMetro-NorththeNewarea.★Subwaysandbuses●Fareformostridersonsubwaysandlocal,limited,andSelectBusServicebuses:$2.85.●Expressbusescost$6.85.informationaboutsubwayandbus●Ridingthesubwaycosts$2.85formostriders.Peoplewithdisabilitiesorare65orolderarequalifiedforareducedfare.●AnunlimitedrideMetroCardcansaveyouItgivesyouunlimitedridesforacertainlengthoftime.●MetroCardscost$1.AllcardsexcepttheSingleRidecardarerefillable(可充值的).●Uptothreechildrenunder44inchestallrideforfreewhentheyarewithafare-payingadult.●paythefareatturnstiles(旋轉(zhuǎn)閘門)beforeyouaboardthetrain.havetodoanythingafterwards.★Railroads:LIRR(LongIslandRailRoad)andMetro-North●Faresvarybasedonwhenandwherearetravelling.●Buyingticketsonyourphoneisthemostconvenientoption.informationaboutrailroad●Peak(高峰的)faresareduringbusinessrushhoursonanyweekdaytrainscheduledarriveinNewCityterminalsbetween6a.m.and10a.m.ordepartNewCityterminalsbetween4p.m.and8p.m.OnMetro-Northtrains,peakfaresalsoapplytotravelonanyweekdaytrainthatleavesGrandCentralStationbetween6a.m.and9a.m.●faresareatallothertimesonweekdays,alldayonSaturdayandandonholidays.●Useourtripplannerfindfareinformation.Getschedulesanddirectionsandseewhetheratripisduringpeakoroff-peakhours.21.Howmuchmightasubwaytripcosta68-year-oldmanwithchildrenunder44inchestall?A.$2.35.B.$2.85.C.$5.70.D.$6.85.22.ForwhattraintriparepeakfaresA.AweekdaytrainleavingGrandCentralStationatpm.B.AweekdaytrainleavingGrandCentralStationat7C.AweekdaytraindepartingNewCityterminalsat9pm.D.AweekdaytraindepartingNewCityterminalsat8:30am.23.Whyshouldpeoplereadthetripplanner?A.knowspecialB.leaveyouradvice.D.bookatrainticket.C.checkfareinformation.BWhenaHoustondadfoundouthiseight-year-oldsonbeingbullied,hegetmadattheclassmatewhoteasedhim.Instead,hetalkedwiththeso-calledbullyandrealizedthattheboywasstruggling,too.Aubreyson,Jordan,toldhimaboynamedwasteasinghim.Fontenotdecidedsitdownwithhisandunderstandwhatwasgoingon,andsomethingunexpectedhappened.toldFontenothewasbeingteasedatschool,too.“Iasked,who?arebig.arehuge.Whoisteasingyou?’”thefathersaid.“Hesaid,‘Justalltheotherkids,man.Theyaremakingofme.’”Fontenotlearnedthatwasgettingteasedforhisclothesandshoes—hisclothesandshoesoldandFontenotthenspokethe“Shekindofconfirmedit,”Fontenotsaid.“Andshesaid,thekindofsituation.’”Hefeltsympatheticyoungboyandwantedhelp.Soheaskedifhecouldtakehertodosomeshopping.Fontenotpostedvideosoftheirtripthemallonsocialmediaandtheywentviral.eventuallysmiled,andthenthetwowerelaughingandsingingtogetherontheirshoppingtrip.Justasifheweretakinghisownsondosomeshopping,Fontenotgotnewclothesandshoes,andsharedwordsofwisdomwithhim.Then,thedadunitedtheboys.Hesaidwasawkwardatfirst—justadaytheygetalongwellatschool.Butthetwoclassmatesstartedplayingsportsgamestogetherandsoonbecamefriends.Itwasnotjustabouttheclothesandshoes.gainedafriendinJordan,andamentorinhisdad.Fontenotsaidhewasalsobulliedwhenhewasachild,heknewitimportantlistenHechosekindnessinsteadofangerandbroughtthetwoboyswouldn’tsaythatwasthegoal,butthatthereward,”Fontenotsaid.24.Whatwasattitudetowardhisbeingbullied?A.Amazedembarrassed.C.Sadanddiscouraged.B.Angryandimpatient.D.Calmandsensible.25.WhatdidFontenotdotosolvetheproblemofbullying?A.Heturnedtheschoolforhelp.B.HemadethetwoboysunitedandjoinC.Heaskedmothersettletheproblem.D.Heorderedhisnevertoplaywithagain.26.Whatcanknowfromthetext?A.Fontenotcommunicatedwithmotherknowabouthim.B.beingbulliedarosefromhisclothesandshoes.C.Jordanandgotalongwellinthebeginning.D.motherpaidlittleattentiontoCRemovinggenderbiasworkedoutlongagothatmenandwomenhavedifferentshapes.thismessagehasfailedtoentermanyotherareasofdesign.Carseatbelts,forexample,whichdatebacktothe1880s,areoftenstillmoresuitableformen,tendtositfartherbackthanwomenwhendriving.Andtodaythemostforward-lookingtechcompaniesonEartharestillplacingold-schoolbias(偏見；成見)intonewproducts.Considersmartphones.Mostaretoobigfitcomfortablyintotheaveragehand,asaremanyvideo-gamecontrollers.Anobviouspartoftheexplanationfortheirdesignproblemisthatmencontrolmostofitscompanies—male-runfirmsreceive82%ofventure-capital(VC)funding.Malebossesmaybeunawareoftheproblemswomenface.Theymaynotflagupobviousareasofconcern,orasktherightquestionswhendoingtheirresearchforanewproductdesign.Andonceideagetsthegreenlight,itwillthenbehandledbyproduct-designandengineeringteams,three-quartersofwhosemembersaremen.Theseteamsoftendatatomakedecisions,butmixingalluserstogethermeanstheyfailtospottrendsbasedonsexdifferences.Dependenceonhistoricaldata,andthelackofdataunderrepresentedgroups,canalsocreatebiasinalgorithms(算法).Nextcomestesting.designerstestoriginalmodelsontheirintendedcustomers,buttheymaynotgetfeedbackfromabroadenoughgroupofpeople.Thereisalsotheriskofconfirmationbias—designersmaylistentowhattheywantandignorenegativereactionsfromsomegroupsofusers.designbiasneedsfixingformoral,safetyandbusinessreasons.Theethicalimportanceisobvious:itiswrongthatwomenhavemakedowitha“one-size-fits-men”world,asCarolineCriadoPerez,aputsit.Asforregulatorscantacklethatbybanningthingsthataredangeroustowomen—includingseatbelts—becausetheyareno!designedButthereisalsoapowerfulbusinesscaseforavoidingdesignbias,becausehugeopportunitiesarebeingmissed.are50%ofthepopulation,andmake70—80%oftheconsumer-spendingdecisions.Changeiscoming.firstvoice-recognitionsystemsstruggledunderstandfemalevoices,butmostnowmanagejustfine.“Femtech”start-upcompanies,whichfocusonhealthwell-being,raiseMYM1billionbytheendofthisVCfundsandtechfirmsarehiringwomen.Ensuringthatproductsaredesignedforeveryonewouldleadtohappierandsafercustomers.Forthecompaniesthatgetitright,thatmeanshigherprofits.Whatisholdingthemback?27.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2means________.A.hitsthemarketB.getsapprovalC.becomessuccessfulD.comesintobeing28.WhatisdiscussedParagraphs2and3?A.Whydesignbiasneedstobefixed.B.Howgenderbiasisaffectingtechcompanies.C.Wheregenderbiasinproductdesignisrooted.D.Whoistoblameforgenderbiasintechcompanies.29.canlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.techcompaniesareunwillingtochangeB.designbiasmayresultinmissedopportunitiesC.maleworkersbenefitmoreinengineeringteamsD.techcompaniesarepooratmakinguser-friendlyproducts30.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureofbias-freeproductdesign?A.Uncertain.C.Positive.B.Sceptical.D.Negative.DForseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensiveandcampaignintendedgeneratedistrustinscience,fundedbythosewhoseinterestsandideologiesarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings.Stressingsuccesseswrong,butformanypeoplenotpersuasive.Analternativeanswerthequestion“Whytrustscience?”isthatscientistsusetheso-calledscientificmethod.Ifyou’vegotahighschoolsciencetextbooklyingaround,you’llprobablyfindthatanswerinit.Butwhatistypicallythoughtbethescientificmethod—developahypothesis(假設(shè)),thendesignexperimenttotestit—whatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented;oldonesgetabandoned;andsometimes,scientistscanbefounddoingmanythings.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificmethod,thenwhatisthereasonfortrustinscience?answerishowthoseclaimsareevaluated.Thecommonelementinmodernscience,regardlessofthespecificfieldortheparticularmethodsbeingused,isthestrictscrutiny(審查)ofclaims.thistough,sustainedprocessthatworkstomakesurefaultyclaimsarerejected.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalengthy“peerreview”becausethereviewersareexpertsinthesamefieldhaveboththerightandtheobligation(責(zé)任)findfaults.AkeyaspectofscientificjudgmentisthatitisdoneNoclaimgetsaccepteduntilithasbeenvettedbydozens,ifnothundreds,ofheads.Inareasthathavebeencontested,likeclimatescienceandvaccinethousands.Thiswhywearegenerallyjustifiedinnotworryingtoomuchifasinglescientist,evenaveryfamousone,disagreeswiththeclaim.Andthisisdiversityinscience—themorepeoplelookingataclaimfromdifferentangles—isimportant.Doesthisprocesseverwrong?Ofcourse.Scientistsarehumans.Thereisalwaysthepossibilityofrevisingaclaimonthebasisofnewevidence.Somepeoplethatweshouldnottrustsciencebecausescientistsare“alwayschangingtheirminds.”Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefewerthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocessisthatexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxical(矛盾的):thatscienceproducesbothnoveltyandScientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.31.Howdoestheauthorthinkofthescientificmethod?A.Stable.B.Persuasive.D.Unrealistic.C.Unreliable.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vetted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Explained.C.Repeated.B.Examined.D.Released.33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat______.A.itisnotpersuasivetorejectthosefaultyclaimsB.settledsciencetendstobecollectivelyoverturnedC.aleadingexpertcannotplayadecisiveroleinascrutinyD.diversityknowledgeisthecommonelementinscience34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.PutFaithinScienceB.DefendtheScienceD.ExploreADynamictoScienceC.ApplyMindtoScience第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)閱讀短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AreaPrisonerofPerfection?Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach?___35___Areyousettingyourselfupforfailureandshamewhenachievetheunachievable?Understandingwhatdrivesperfectionismisthesteptowardreleasingthisself-createdanchorthatkeepsusstuck.Shameandfearareoftenhiddendriversofperfectionism.believethatifwecanfashionaperfectlypolishedflashintelligence,andperfectourthennoonecanhurtuswithcriticismandwe’llwinrespectandapproval.___36___Politicianswhodisplayadesperateneedtorightandrefusetoacknowledgemistakesoruncertaintyoftendrivenbyasecretshame.Theyfearthatshowingvulnerability(弱點(diǎn))willexposethemtotheaccusationthatthey’reweak.Theystickadesiretoberight,perfect,andpolished,evenwhenobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.Perfectionismkeepsusleaningtowardthefuture.constantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodo___37___ifwerelaxandenjoylightermoments,thenwebecomeprisonersofourperfectionism.getpainfullyself-consciousandtakeourselvestoowedeprive(剝奪)ourselvesofthesimplepleasureofenjoyingthemomentandbeingourselves.___38___realizethatfailinganyenterprisemeanthatweareafailure.failures,we’llneverlearnfromourmistakes;we’llnevermoveforwardourlives.Thosewhosucceedhavemadecountlessmistakes.importantthingistolearnfromourourselvesandmoveon.Beinghuman,perfectionisimpossible.___39___Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage,we’refreedsailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures—andenjoyourpreciouslife.A.Doyouholdidealizedvisionthatisimpossibletorealize?B.Acuretoperfectionismtomakeroomforourhumanshortcomings.C.Doyoufearthatotherswillbehorrifiedbywhatyoujudgeaboutyourself?D.Theaddictiontostayingperfectprotectsusfromanysignofbeingimperfect.E.nothingwrongwithwantingtodoourbestandself-correctingalongPeoplewhoareaddictedperfectionoftenisolated,eveniftheyseemoutgoingandG.Byacceptingourselvesasweareanddoingourbest,webegintheshamethatdrivesperfectionism.第三部分：基礎(chǔ)知識檢測(共10小題;每小題1分，共分)根據(jù)每句話所給的漢語及首字母提示完成句子，每個(gè)空僅填寫一個(gè)詞，請用單詞或短語的正確形式填空。把單詞或短語的完整形式填寫在答題紙上。40.Itseemedi________(難以置信的)thatshehadbeenthereaweek（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）41.Iamextremelyg______(感激的)toalltheteachersfortheirhelp.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)42.talktoveryeasilyd______(精神無法集中的).(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)43.Hewassod________非常需要的)forajobthathewouldhavedoneanything.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)44.Suchpolicieswouldrequireunprecedentedc______(合作)betweennations.根據(jù)中英文提示填空)45.mustpromoteinspirecreativityandencouragei______(革新，創(chuàng)新).(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)46.Thehousehas____________(屬于)herfamilyforthreeorfourgenerations.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)47.couple____________(抱怨)thehighcostofvisitingEurope,sotheydecidednottogothere.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)48.Socialnetworking______(主宰，支配)lifeinmanyways.(根據(jù)漢語意思填空)49.__________________(和……對比)extroverts,introvertsvaluebutdeeperexperiences.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)第四部分：書面表達(dá)共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第、51題各2分，第題3分，第53題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。TheImpactofSocialMediaonAdolescentsUsingsocialmediahasbecomearoutineactivityformostyoungpeople.Inrecentyears,thenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreasedsoapartoftheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentisoccurringwhiletheyareontheInternet.Socialmediaallowsyoungpeopleachieveonlinemanyofthetasksthatareimportanttothemoffline:stayingconnectedwithfriendsandmakingnewfriends,andexchangingideas.Someschoolssuccessfullyuseblogsasteachingtools,whichhasthebenefitofimprovingskillsinwrittenexpressionandAtthesametime,socialmediahelpsthemgetwhattheywant,increasetheirknowledgeandconfidenceintheiracademicperformance.Whilesocialmediaprovidesmanybenefits,itcanalsohaveanegativeimpactonyoungpeople,bothphysicallyandItiseasytobecomeaddicted,andresearchshowsthatstudentsspendtoomuchtimeonsocialmediacanfrompoorsleep,eyefatigue,negativebodyimage,depression,anxietyandmore.Researchindicatesthattherefrequentonlineexpressionsofbehaviours,whichhaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingandonlineharassment().Usingsocialmediabecomesarisktoadolescentsmorethantheycanrealise.Whenpeoplegoonwebsites,theyleaveevidenceoftheirvisits.Thisongoingrecordofonlineactivityiscalledthe“digitalfootprint”.Oneofthebiggestthreatstoyoungpeopleonsocialmediaistotheirdigitalfootprintandfuturereputations.peoplewholackanawarenessofprivacyissuesoftenpostinappropriatematerialwithoutunderstandingthat“whatgoesonlinestaysonline”.Asaresult,futurejobsandcollegeacceptancemaybeputindangerbyinexperiencedclicksofthemouse.50.WhyisapartofyoungsocialandemotionaldevelopmentoccurringontheInternet?__________________________________________________________________________________________51.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?__________________________________________________________________________________________52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplain?improperdigitalfootprintmayhaveanimpactoncyberbullyingandonlineharassment.__________________________________________________________________________________________53.Howdoyoumakefulluseofsocialmediabetteryourlifeandstudy?Pleasegiveoneortwoexamples.(Inabout40)__________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)54.假定你是李華，你校將舉辦留學(xué)生中文演講比賽，主題為“我眼中的中國”。請給你的交換生朋友Jim寫封郵件，邀請他參加。內(nèi)容包括：1.比賽相關(guān)信息2.建議演講內(nèi)容注意：1.1002.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua參考答案第一部分：知識運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，共20分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共小題;每小題1分，共10分)【答案】1.A2.D3.A4.C5.B6.B7.D8.C9.A10.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章講述了作者的朋友都被選進(jìn)?；@球隊(duì)，自己卻落選了，作者感覺非常難過，爸爸得知此事反問作者應(yīng)該怎么做，作者思考過后覺得爸爸的話有道理，于是努力訓(xùn)練，一年后如愿被選入球隊(duì)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到所有朋友的名字，卻沒有找到我的名字時(shí)，我的身體僵住了。A.froze突然停止；B.changed改變；C.shook搖動(dòng)，顫抖；D.expanded擴(kuò)大，增加。根據(jù)“asIsawallfriends’namesbutdidnotfindmine”可知，作者看到朋友都被選進(jìn)校隊(duì)，自己卻落選時(shí)頓時(shí)僵住了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感覺心如死灰，好像什么都不重要了。A.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的；B.lonely孤單的；C.nervous緊張的；D.dead麻木的，無知覺的。根據(jù)空后“l(fā)ikenothingmattered”可知，作者感覺心如死灰，好像什么都不重要了。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我所有的朋友都被選進(jìn)了校隊(duì)。每個(gè)人！除了我……”我結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說。A.made制作；B.supported支持；C.accepted接受；D.celebrated慶祝。根據(jù)上文“asIsawallfriends’names”可知，作者的朋友都被選進(jìn)了校隊(duì)，maketheteam被選進(jìn)球隊(duì)，組隊(duì)，固定短語。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)真地思考了30分鐘，爸爸說的話開始有了意義。A.history歷史；B.trouble麻煩；C.sense道理，合理性；D.way方法。根據(jù)下文“Nobodywasgoinggivemea___5___onthatteam.Iwouldhaveearnit.”可知，作者思考過后感覺爸爸說的話有道理，makesense講得通，言之有理，固定短語。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有人會(huì)在那個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)給我留一席之地。A.task任務(wù)；B.spot地點(diǎn)，位置；C.hand手；D.reward回報(bào)。根據(jù)下文“Iwouldhaveearnit.”及作者接下來努力訓(xùn)練可知，此處指沒有人會(huì)為自己在球隊(duì)留一個(gè)位置。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：方便的是，學(xué)校附近有一個(gè)體育館，所以一放學(xué)，我就騎自行車去健身房刻苦訓(xùn)練。A.Accidentally意外地，偶然；B.Conveniently方便地，便利地；C.臨時(shí)地；D.Honestly誠實(shí)地。結(jié)合“therewasagymnearschool”可知，此處指“方便的是，學(xué)校附近有一個(gè)體育館”。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天跑動(dòng)、運(yùn)球、投籃，直到癱倒在地。A.rolled（使）翻滾，滾動(dòng)；B.moved移動(dòng)；C.struggled掙扎；D.collapsed倒塌，癱倒。結(jié)合空后“onthefloor”及語境可知，作者刻苦訓(xùn)練，直到累得癱倒在地。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有些時(shí)候，我覺得自己無法繼續(xù)下去，但我還是挺過去了。A.saw看見；B.walked走路；C.powered驅(qū)動(dòng)，提供動(dòng)力；D.looked看。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，此處指雖然有時(shí)感覺無法繼續(xù)下去了，但還是挺過去，power符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管結(jié)果如何，我知道我已經(jīng)努力了，并學(xué)會(huì)了一些關(guān)于精神堅(jiān)韌的東西。A.toughness堅(jiān)韌，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；B.flexibility靈活；C.well-being幸福；D.suffering痛苦。結(jié)合語境及“Regardlessoftheoutcome”可知，作者這次參加選拔賽不介意結(jié)果如何，因?yàn)樽约罕M力了，精神上也學(xué)會(huì)了堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：付出的努力越大，回報(bào)就越令人滿意，我終于正式扭轉(zhuǎn)了局面。A.purer更純潔的；B.funnier更有趣的；C.sweeter更甜的，更令人滿意的；D.quicker更快的。結(jié)合作者自身的經(jīng)歷可知，越努力，回報(bào)就越令人滿意。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空(共小題;每小題1分，共10分)【答案】whether12.beyond13.amwired14.bending【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在日常生活中對社交媒體的依賴以及這種依賴帶來的影響?！绢}詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：無論我是在喝咖啡、上學(xué)的路上還是看電視，我都在不斷更新社交媒體。本空引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，用whether引導(dǎo)，表示“無論……還是……”。故填whether?！?2題詳解】考查介詞。句意：事實(shí)上，我遠(yuǎn)非一個(gè)害羞或矜持的人，但我每天都在網(wǎng)上。本空用介詞beyond“超waybeyond“遠(yuǎn)非，遠(yuǎn)不是”為固定短語。故填beyond?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：事實(shí)上，我遠(yuǎn)非一個(gè)害羞或矜持的人，但我每天都在網(wǎng)上。根據(jù)everyday可知，本句描述經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語I與wireup“給……布線，連接起來”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為I，be動(dòng)詞用am。故填amwired?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：有趣的是，我和朋友們經(jīng)常在網(wǎng)上聊天，但當(dāng)我們見面時(shí)，我們只是把時(shí)間花在低頭看手機(jī)上，最后卻無話可說。本句謂語為spent，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，“spend+時(shí)間+(in)doingsth.”意為“花時(shí)間做某事”，本空應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞，作賓語。故填bending?！敬鸢浮?5.left16.performed17.that【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者回憶他的科學(xué)啟蒙老師詹金斯以及有趣的實(shí)驗(yàn)操作。【15題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我離開學(xué)校后就沒見過詹金斯先生，但我經(jīng)常想起他。此處為since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的填入，主句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)。故填left?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：說實(shí)話，在認(rèn)識他之前，我在學(xué)校的很多科目都很差，尤其是在科學(xué)方面。此處為謂語動(dòng)詞的填入，結(jié)合before從句中的動(dòng)詞met可知，此處為陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，為一般過去時(shí)。故填performed?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他過去常常用許多實(shí)際的例子和簡單的語言來解釋一些看起來很難的事情。分析句子可知，此處為關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞something為不定代詞在從句中作主語成分，所以此處只可用that引導(dǎo)。故填that?！敬鸢浮?8.themselves19.tothink20.why【導(dǎo)語】本文的體裁是說明文。文章主要介紹了外向型和內(nèi)向型人格的特征，并簡要概述了關(guān)于人格類型是天生還是后天形成的科學(xué)研究?！?8題詳解】考查代詞。句意：他們認(rèn)為自己善于交際，對一系列經(jīng)歷感興趣，喜歡與他人共度時(shí)光。本空用反身代詞themselves“他們自己”，作consider的賓語。故填themselves。【19題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們是內(nèi)向的并傾向于在采取行動(dòng)之前思考。本句謂語為are和tend，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用think“思考”的不定式，作tend的賓語。tendtodosth傾向于做某事。故填tothink?！?0題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：關(guān)于為什么人們基本上是外向或內(nèi)向的，有一些有趣的研究。本空引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句作into的賓語，表示“為什么”，用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填why。第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié);共分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.A22.B23.C【導(dǎo)語】本文屬于應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了紐約地鐵、公交車和鐵路等公共交通乘坐費(fèi)用情況，還涉及地鐵及公交費(fèi)減免情況和鐵路交通高峰期的時(shí)間和車費(fèi)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Moreinformationaboutsubwayandbusfares部分中“Ridingthesubwaycosts$2.85formostriders.Peoplewithdisabilitiesorwhoare65orolderarequalifiedforareducedfare.(對大多數(shù)乘客來說，乘坐地鐵的費(fèi)用是2.85美元。殘疾人士或65歲以上的老年人可享受優(yōu)惠票價(jià))”和“Uptothreechildrenunderinchestallridefreewhentheyarewithafare-payingadult.(最多344英寸以下的兒童可以免費(fèi)乘坐，只要他們有一個(gè)付費(fèi)的成人陪伴)”可知一位68歲男子帶著身高44英寸以下的孩子需要付的車費(fèi)低于$2.85。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Moreinformationaboutrailroadfare部分中“OnMetro-Northtrains,peakfaresalsoapplytotravelonanyweekdaytrainthatleavesGrandCentralStationbetween6a.m.and9a.m.(地鐵北線列車的高峰票價(jià)也適用于工作日早上6點(diǎn)至9點(diǎn)之間從中央車站出發(fā)的任何列車)”可知，在上午七點(diǎn)離開GrandCentral車站屬于交通高峰期。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文最后一段“Useourtripplannertofindfareinformation.Getschedulesanddirectionsandseewhetheratripisduringpeakoroff-peakhours.(使用我們的旅行計(jì)劃來查找票價(jià)信息。了解行程和方向，看看旅行是在高峰時(shí)間還是非高峰時(shí)間)”可知，通過行程規(guī)劃可以找到費(fèi)用信息。故選C。【答案】24.D25.B26.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)發(fā)生在休斯頓的溫馨故事。一位父親發(fā)現(xiàn)他8歲的兒子在學(xué)校被欺負(fù)后，沒有選擇憤怒地對待那個(gè)欺負(fù)他兒子的孩子，而是選擇了理解和溝通。通過與所謂的“欺負(fù)者”對話，他發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)孩子也在經(jīng)歷困難。這位父親通過同情和幫助，最終讓兩個(gè)原本不和的孩子成為了朋友。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenaHoustondadfoundouthiseight-year-oldwasbeingbullied,hegetmadtheclassmateteasedhim.Instead,hetalkedwiththeso-calledbullyandrealizedthattheboywasstruggling,too.(當(dāng)一位休斯頓的父親發(fā)現(xiàn)他八歲的兒子被欺負(fù)時(shí)，他并沒有對嘲笑他的同學(xué)生氣。相反，他與所謂的欺負(fù)者交談，意識到這個(gè)男孩也在掙扎)”可知，F(xiàn)ontenot在發(fā)現(xiàn)兒子被欺負(fù)后，沒有生氣，而是選擇與欺負(fù)者交談，了解到對方也在掙扎。這表明Fontenot的態(tài)度是冷靜和理智的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Butthetwoclassmatesstartedplayingsportsgamestogetherandsoonbecamefriends.(但這兩個(gè)同學(xué)開始一起做運(yùn)動(dòng)游戲，很快就成了朋友)”可知，F(xiàn)ontenot通過一系列的努力，最終讓兩個(gè)男孩團(tuán)結(jié)起來，成為了朋友。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Fontenotthenspoketothe隨后與男孩的母親交談)”和第四段“Hefeltsympathetictotheyoungboyandwantedhelp.(他同情那個(gè)小男孩，想幫助他)”可知，F(xiàn)ontenot通過與的母親溝通，了解到的情況，并產(chǎn)生了同情心，想要幫助他。這表明Fontenot是通過與的母親溝通來了解的。故選A項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?7.B28.C29.B30.C【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了“產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)存在性別偏見”這一事實(shí)，分析了在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)上產(chǎn)生偏見和原因，出于道德，安全以及商業(yè)原因，這些偏見需要消除，而作者對此抱有積極態(tài)度?！?7題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語的主語“anidea”意為“想法；主意”，結(jié)合后文“itwillthenbehandledbyproduct-designandengineeringteams,three-quartersofwhosemembersaremen.”（然后，它將由產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)和和工程團(tuán)隊(duì)來處理。由此可推知，劃線短語“getsthegreenlight”應(yīng)是“獲得批準(zhǔn)”含義，與選項(xiàng)B“getsapproval(得到批準(zhǔn))”表達(dá)含義一致。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章第二，三段內(nèi)容可知，第二段中“Anobviouspartoftheexplanationfortheirdesignproblemisthatmencontrolmostofitscompanies—male-runfirmsreceive82%ofventure-capital(VC)funding.”（其設(shè)計(jì)問題的一個(gè)明顯原因是男性控制了大部分公司。男性經(jīng)營的公司獲得了82%的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投司，并且在進(jìn)行決策是，往往使用的是缺乏普適性的數(shù)據(jù)。第三段的主旨句為“designerstestoriginalmodelsontheirintendedcustomers,buttheynotgetfeedbackfromabroadenoughgroupofpeople.”（當(dāng)然，設(shè)計(jì)師會(huì)在他們的目標(biāo)客戶身上測試原始模型，但他們可能無法從足夠廣泛的人群中獲往往忽略一些用戶群體的負(fù)面反饋。由此可知，第二，三段主要講述了在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)過程中，哪些環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)了問題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“Butthereisalsoapowerfulbusinesscaseforavoidingdesignbias,becausehugeopportunitiesarebeingmissed.”（但也有一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的商業(yè)理由來避免設(shè)計(jì)偏見，因?yàn)榫薮蟮臋C(jī)會(huì)正在B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段開頭句“Changeiscoming.”可知，在作者看來，改變（產(chǎn)品性別偏見）即將到來，且后文“‘Femtech’start-upcompanies,whichfocusonhealthandwell-being,mayraiseMYM1billionbytheendthisVCfundsandtechfirmsarehiringmorewomen.Ensuringthatproductsaredesignedforeveryonewouldleadtohappierandsafercustomers.Forthecompaniesthatgetitright,thatmeanshigherprofits.(專注于女性健康和福祉的“Femtech”初創(chuàng)公司可能在今年年底前籌集到10億美元的MYM資金。風(fēng)投基金和科技公司正在雇傭更多的女性。確保產(chǎn)品是為每個(gè)人設(shè)計(jì)的，將會(huì)帶來更快樂和更安全的客戶。對那些做對了的公司來說，這意味著更高的利潤。)”列舉了一些產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)考的女性用戶的例子以及公司會(huì)雇傭更多的女性能夠帶來更高的利潤。由此推斷作者對于無偏見產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的未來持有積極的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。【答案】31.C32.B33.C34.A【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了為什么科學(xué)值得我們信任?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中的Butwhatistypicallythoughtbethescientificmethod—developahypothesis(假設(shè)),thendesignanexperimenttest—whatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisdynamic:newmethodsgetinvented;oldonesge