廣東省陽(yáng)江市高新區(qū)高一上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

2024-2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高一期中測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題本試卷共8頁(yè)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫的答案無(wú)效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫(huà)出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefouronlineartcoursescoveringcolormixing,botanicaldrawing,andpaintingthenaturalworld.Enhanceyourskillsandexplorethebeautyofnaturethroughvariousmediums.Perfectforbeginnersandexperiencedartists.No.1:ColorMixing(Online)6Saturdays:March23-May4(noclassApril13)Learntomixaccurate,excitingcolors,includingthevivid,specificcolorofflowers,thebrightandsoftgreensofleaves,andthedeep,subtlecolorsinshadows.Youwillworkinwatercolor,butexercisesapplytoallmedia.No.2:BotanicalDrawing(Online)8Saturdays:January20-March9Strongdrawingisthebaseofbotanicalart.Inthisclass,wewillworkinpencil,coveringthefundamentalsofproportions,line,tone,dimensionality,andexpression.Wewillworkfromlivespecimens,flowers,seeds,andfruit.No.3:PaintingtheNaturalWorld(Online)6Wednesdays:January10-February14,orFebruary28-April3Watercolorisafresh,beautifulwaytoexpressthebeautyofasunsetorthereflectionoftreesandcloudsonapond.Youwilllearntomakeexpressivemarks,mixcolors,andapplywatermindfullytoachievewatercolor’ssparkling,sensitiveeffects.No.4:PaintingtheStagesofGrowthinNature4Wednesdays:June7-June28New!Exploregrowthandchangefromanewperspectiveandcapturenaturaltransitionsthroughpaintingoutsideandinthestudio.Frombuds(花蕾)andnewbeginningstofullmaturation,youwillpainttheearlystagesofgrowththroughfulldevelopment.1.WhatdoNo.1andNo.3courseshaveincommon?A.Theycoverthetopicofproportion.B.Theyrequirepreviousartexperience.C.Theyinvolvemakinglivespecimens.D.Theyusewatercolorasamedium.2.WhatisthefocusofNo.2course?A.Exploringthesciencebehindplants.B.Learningaboutthehistoryofbotanicalart.C.Showingthecharmofnatureonlywithapencil.D.Developingstrongdrawingskillsforbotanicalart.3.WhatcanweknowaboutNo.4course?A.Itfeaturespaintingflowersinfullbloom.B.Itisamustforlearnerstopaintoutsidetheclass.CLearnersmayknowthechangesinnaturebydrawingpictures.D.Learnerscanexplorenewdrawingtechniquesduringthecourse.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四種線上藝術(shù)課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)No.1:ColorMixing(Online)“中Learntomixaccurate,excitingcolors,includingthevivid,specificcolorofflowers,thebrightandsoftgreensofleaves,andthedeep,subtlecolorsinshadows.Youwillworkinwatercolor,butexercisesapplytoallmedia.(學(xué)會(huì)混合準(zhǔn)確的、令人興奮的顏色，包括生動(dòng)、具體的顏色的花朵，明亮、柔和的葉子的綠色，和深邃、微妙的陰影的顏色。你將在水彩中工作，但練習(xí)適用于所有媒介)”及No.3:PaintingtheNaturalWorld(Online)中關(guān)鍵句“Watercolorisafresh,beautifulwaytoexpressthebeautyofasunsetorthereflectionoftreesandcloudsonapond.(水彩是一種來(lái)表達(dá)日落或池塘上樹(shù)木和云的倒影之美的清新、美麗的方式)”可知，這兩個(gè)課程都是以水彩作為媒介。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)No.2:BotanicalDrawing(Online)中“Strongdrawingisthebaseofbotanicalart.Inthisclass,wewillworkinpencil,coveringthefundamentalsofproportions,line,tone,dimensionality,andexpression.Wewillworkfromlivespecimens,flowers,seeds,andfruit.(素描是植物藝術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)。在這門課程中，我們將使用鉛筆進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作，涵蓋比例、線條、明暗、立體感和表情等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。我們將從活體標(biāo)本、花朵、種子和果實(shí)中進(jìn)行研究)”可知，第二個(gè)課程重點(diǎn)是為了培養(yǎng)較強(qiáng)的植物藝術(shù)素描能力。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)No.4:PaintingtheStagesofGrowthinNature中“Exploregrowthandchangefromanewperspectiveandcapturenaturaltransitionsthroughpaintingoutsideandinthestudio.Frombuds(花蕾)andnewbeginningstofullmaturation,youwillpainttheearlystagesofgrowththroughfulldevelopment.(從新的角度探索成長(zhǎng)和變化，并通過(guò)在室外和工作室中繪畫(huà)捕捉自然的過(guò)渡。從萌芽和新的開(kāi)始到完全成熟，你將描繪成長(zhǎng)的早期階段)”可知，第四個(gè)課程中，學(xué)習(xí)者可以通過(guò)畫(huà)畫(huà)來(lái)了解自然界的變化。故選C。BIhavehadalifelongpassionforsewing(縫,做針線活).WhenIwas7,mymothershowedmehowtostitchwithaneedleandthread,anditwasmyfavoritepastime(休閑活動(dòng))whenitwastoocoldandsnowytoplayoutside.Asateenager,Ibegantodesignandsewmyownoutfits.Icutoutpaperpatternstoconstructdressesandskirts,andI’dsitattheoldsewingmachineforhours.Inmylate20s,myfocusshiftedtowardsgivingnewlifetousedclothes.Ibegantobuyusedclothestoupcycle(升級(jí)改造)andrefashion.Myfavoriteplacestobuyusedclothesarethriftshops(舊貨店).Thispursuitwasn’tjustaboutfashion;itwasaboutstorytellingthroughclothing.About10yearsago,whenIwasrippingoutthesilklining(內(nèi)襯)fromabeautifullongblueeveningdress,Istopped.TherewasahiddenpocketinthefrontthatIfailedtonoticeasImerrilyrippedatthescams(接縫).Ipulledoutanoldphotoofayoungwomanwearingtheverysameblueeveningdress.Alongsilverchainnecklacehunggracefullydownthefrontofthedress,andshewasholdingablackpurse.Shehadasoftsmile,andshelookedtobeinherearly20s.Thismomentwasanawakeningforme;itconnectedmetotheunknownhistoriesoftheclothesIworkedwith.Somebodyelseworethisdressmanyyearsago.Whowasshe?Didshewearittothetheater?Toafancydinnerparty?AndIwasnowtearingitapart.Ifeltguilty.Imentionedmyconcernsandguilttomydaughter.Shesaid,“Mom,youshouldbeproudofyourupcyclingandyoursewingcreations.Youarekeepingclothesoutofthelandfill(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)),andyou’recreatingnewfashions.Consideritabonus(意外收獲)ifyoufindobjectsinthepockets.Theclothesaretalkingtoyou!”Herwordshelpedmeseethevalueinmyhobby,notjustasacreativemeansofexpressingbutasameansofpreservingstoriesandpreventingwaste.IdecidedtopayrespecttothisupcyclingdiscoveryandthemanyothersI’vefoundovertheyearsbydisplayingthemonabulletinboardinmysewingroom.Thesediscoverieshavemademeenjoyrefashioningandupcyclingclothesevenmore.Andthisevolutioninmysewingpracticehasnotonlyenhancedmyappreciationfortheartofupcyclingbuthasalsodeepenedmyconnectiontothepast,makingeachstitchabridgebetweengenerations.4.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Theauthor’sdeepinterestindesign. B.Theauthor’smom’sinfluenceonher.C.Theauthor’sgrowingloveforsewing. D.Theauthor’spreferenceforusedclothes.5.Whydoestheauthorrecycleoldclothes?A.Toearnlotsofmoney. B.Tofollowfashiontrends.C.Tolearnnewsewingtechniques. D.Topreservestoriesandreducewaste.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterfindingthephotointhedress?A.Excited. B.Ashamed. C.Confused. D.Surprised.7.Howdidthedaughter’sopinionaffecttheauthor?A.Itmadeherfeelguilty. B.Itledhertotakesewingclasses.C.Itcausedhertogiveuponsewing D.Itmadeherappreciateherupcyclingmore.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者一直喜愛(ài)縫紉，在快30歲的時(shí)候開(kāi)始賦予舊衣服新的生命，回收舊衣服讓作者受益。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ihavehadalifelongpassionforsewing(縫,做針線活).WhenIwas7,mymothershowedmehowtostitchwithaneedleandthread,anditwasmyfavoritepastime(休閑活動(dòng))whenitwastoocoldandsnowytoplayoutside.Asateenager,Ibegantodesignandsewmyownoutfits.Icutoutpaperpatternstoconstructdressesandskirts,andI’dsitattheoldsewingmachineforhours.(我一生都熱愛(ài)縫紉。當(dāng)我7歲的時(shí)候，媽媽教我如何用針線縫紉，這是我最喜歡的消遣，因?yàn)樘鞖馓?，下雪了，不能在外面玩。十幾歲的時(shí)候，我開(kāi)始設(shè)計(jì)和縫制自己的衣服。我在紙上剪出圖案來(lái)做連衣裙和裙子，我會(huì)在舊縫紉機(jī)前坐上幾個(gè)小時(shí))”以及第二段“Inmylate20s,myfocusshiftedtowardsgivingnewlifetousedclothes.Ibegantobuyusedclothestoupcycle(升級(jí)改造)andrefashion.Myfavoriteplacestobuyusedclothesarethriftshops(舊貨店).Thispursuitwasn’tjustaboutfashion;itwasaboutstorytellingthroughclothing.(在我快30歲的時(shí)候，我的關(guān)注點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向了賦予舊衣服新的生命。我開(kāi)始購(gòu)買舊衣服進(jìn)行升級(jí)改造。我最喜歡買舊衣服的地方是舊貨店。這種追求不僅僅是為了時(shí)尚；而是通過(guò)服裝講故事)”可知，前兩段主要講的是作者對(duì)縫紉的熱愛(ài)與日俱增。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Herwordshelpedmeseethevalueinmyhobby,notjustasacreativemeansofexpressingbutasameansofpreservingstoriesandpreventingwaste.(她的話讓我看到了我的愛(ài)好的價(jià)值，它不僅是一種創(chuàng)造性的表達(dá)方式，也是一種保存故事和防止浪費(fèi)的手段)”可知，作者回收舊衣服是為了保存故事，減少浪費(fèi)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AndIwasnowtearingitapart.Ifeltguilty.Imentionedmyconcernsandguilttomydaughter.(現(xiàn)在我把它撕開(kāi)了。我感到內(nèi)疚。我向女兒提到了我的擔(dān)憂和內(nèi)疚)”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)裙子里的照片感到羞愧。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Herwordshelpedmeseethevalueinmyhobby,notjustasacreativemeansofexpressingbutasameansofpreservingstoriesandpreventingwaste.(她的話讓我看到了我的愛(ài)好的價(jià)值，它不僅是一種創(chuàng)造性的表達(dá)方式，也是一種保存故事和防止浪費(fèi)的手段)”可知，女兒的觀點(diǎn)讓作者更欣賞自己的升級(jí)回收。故選D。CYoucan’talwayspredictaheavyrainorrememberyourumbrella.ButdesignerMikhailBelvaevdoesn’tthinkthatforgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutshouldresultinyougettingwet.That’swhyhecreatedLampbrella,alamppostwithitsownrain-sensingumbrella.ThedesignersayshecameupwiththeideaafterwatchingpeoplegetwetonstreetsinRussia.“Once,IwasdrivingonacentralSaintPetersburgstreetandsawthestreetlampslightinguppeopletryingtohidefromtherain.Ithoughtitwouldbeappropriatetohaveacanopy(傘篷)builtintoastreetlamp.”hesaid.TheLampbrellaisastandard-lookingstreetlampfittedwithanumbrellacanopy.Ithasabuilt-inelectricmotorwhichcanopenorclosetheumbrellaondemand.Sensors(傳感器)thenensurethattheumbrellaofferspedestriansshelterwheneveritstartsraining.Inadditiontotherainsensor,there’salsoa360°motionsensoronthefiberglassstreetlampwhichdetectswhetheranyoneisusingtheLampbrella.Afterthreeminutesofnotbeingusedthecanopyisclosed.Accordingtothedesigner,theLampbrellawouldmoveatarelativelylowspeed,soasnottocauseharmtothepedestrians(行人).Besides,itwouldbegroundedtoprotectfrompossiblelightningstrike.EachLampbrellawouldofferenoughshelterforseveralpeople.Beinginstalled(安裝)at2metersofftheground,itwouldonlybeadangerforthetallestofpedestrians.WhiletherearenoplanstotaketheLampbrellaintoproduction,BelvaevsaysherecentlyintroducedhiscreationtooneMoscowDepartment,andinsistshiscreationcouldbeinstalledonanystreetwherealotofpeoplewalkbuttherearenocanopiestoprovideshelter.8.WhichofthefollowingshowshowtheLampbrellaworks?A.motor→canopy→sensors.B.motor→sensors→canopy.C.canopy→motor→sensors.D.sensors→motor→canopy.9.WhydidMikhailBelvaevcreateLampbrella?A.Toprotectpeoplefromtherain.B.Topredictaheavyrain.C.Tointroducealamppostwithitsownrain-sensingumbrella.D.Togainprofitsforhimself.10.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytellusabouttheLampbrella?A.Itsinstallation. B.Itsmovingspeed. C.Itssafety. D.Itsappearance.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thedesignerwillopenacompanytopromotehisproduct.B.Thedesignerisconfidentthathiscreationispractical.C.TheLampbrellacouldbeputintoimmediateproduction.D.TheLampbrellawouldbeputonshowinMoscow.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了MikhailBelyaev發(fā)明的一種路燈，可以讓人們即使在下雨天沒(méi)帶雨衣或者雨傘，也不必害怕被淋濕。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheLampbrellaisastandard-lookingstreetlampfittedwithanumbrellacanopy.Ithasabuilt-inelectricmotorwhichcanopenorclosetheumbrellaondemand.Sensorsthenensurethattheumbrellaofferspedestriansshelterwheneveritstartsraining.(‘傘燈’是一種外形標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的路燈，上面裝有傘篷。它有一個(gè)內(nèi)置的電動(dòng)馬達(dá)，可以根據(jù)需要打開(kāi)或關(guān)閉雨傘。傳感器會(huì)確保雨傘在開(kāi)始下雨時(shí)為行人提供庇護(hù))”可知，傳感器感知下雨，然后電動(dòng)馬達(dá)控制傘篷的開(kāi)合，故三者的排列關(guān)系是傳感器→馬達(dá)→傘篷。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“‘Once,IwasdrivingonacentralSaintPetersburgstreetandsawthestreetlampslightinguppeopletryingtohidefromtherain.Ithoughtitwouldbeappropriatetohaveacanopybuiltintoastreetlamp.’hesaid.(有一次，我開(kāi)車行駛在圣彼得堡市中心的街道上，看到路燈照亮了試圖躲避雨水的人們。我覺(jué)得在路燈里裝一個(gè)傘篷會(huì)很合適。他說(shuō))”可知，MikhailBelyaev發(fā)明雨水感應(yīng)式路燈傘是為了下雨時(shí)讓行人避雨。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“soasnottocauseharmtothepedestrians.Besides,itwouldbegroundedtoprotectfrompossiblelightningstrike.(這樣就不會(huì)對(duì)行人造成傷害。此外，它將被接地以防止可能的雷擊)”及“Beinginstalledat2metersofftheground,itwouldonlybeadangerforthetallestofpedestrians.(安裝在距離地面2米的地方，它只會(huì)對(duì)最高的行人造成危險(xiǎn))”可知，本段主要描述了這種傘的安全性。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“insistshiscreationcouldbeinstalledonanystreetwherealotofpeoplewalkbuttherearenocanopiestoprovideshelter.(堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，他的發(fā)明可以安裝在任何行人多但沒(méi)有遮蔽處的街道上)”可知，設(shè)計(jì)者認(rèn)為他的發(fā)明可以安裝在行人多但無(wú)遮擋的街道上，由此可知設(shè)計(jì)者對(duì)自己的發(fā)明充滿信心，認(rèn)為它很實(shí)用。故選B。DLotsofpeoplelovetoindulgeinbiscuitswiththeirtea,butthosewithdiabetesneedtowatchoutforsweettreats.Diabetesisametabolic(代謝的)disease.Ifapatient’sbloodsugarisnotwellcontrolled,seriousproblemscanoccur.Apatientmayexperiencedizzinessandfatigue,butalsohavekidneyfailure,blindnessandheartdisease,accordingtoMedicalNewsToday.Butnewresearchmaymakeitpossibleto“treatdiabetesbyeatingbiscuits”.ResearchersfromPekingUniversityandEastChinaNormalUniversitysuccessfullydevelopedanewcellusingsynthetic(合成的)biologytechnology.TheirstudywaspublishedinNatureChemicalBiologyinNovember.Intheirresearch,diabeticmiceimplantedwiththecellscanincreaseinsulin(胰島素)levelsandlowerbloodsugaraslongastheyeatspecificaminoacid(氨基酸)biscuits.Itonlytakes90minutesforthemicetoreducetheirbloodsugar,whichisequivalenttothetimeafteraninsulininjection(注射),LiuTao,oneoftheauthors,toldScienceandTechnologyDaily.Thiskindofbiscuitdoesnotdirectlylowerbloodsugarlevels,butisa“key”toinsulin.Thespecialaminoacidsinthebiscuitshelptostarttheinsulintranslationprocess.Theendresultiscontrolledbloodsugar,accordingtoYeHaifeng,oneoftheauthors.“Thisunnaturalaminoacidissimilartotheingredientsaddedinmanyhealthdrinksandisveryfriendlytothehumanbody,”LiutoldScienceandTechnologyDaily.Maybeoneday,peoplewillneedtotakeartificialaminoacidsbeforemeals,oreatfoodscontainingartificialaminoacidssuitablefordiabetics,sotheycancontroltheirbloodsugar.Althoughscientistsinsyntheticbiologyhavepavedthewayforpossiblefuturetreatments,theirfindingswon’tbereadyforpatientsanytimesoon.“Syntheticbiologyisstillanearly-stagediscipline(學(xué)科)inregardtothetraditionaldiabetestherapeutic(治療的)developmenttimeline,withmosttechnologiescurrentlyinthepreclinicalstagesinthelab,”IraPastor,CEOofthelifesciencescompanyBioquark,toldUSNews.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whydiabetesisametabolicdisease.B.Dangerousproblemscausedbydiabetes.C.Bloodsugar’seffectsonthemetabolicsystem.D.Diseasesthatcanaffectbloodsugar.13.Howdidthebloodsugarofthediabeticmicedecreaseinthestudy?A.Scientistsimplantedcellsthatcandirectlylowerbloodsugar.B.Scientistsgavethembiscuitswithlesssugar.C.Theimplantedcellsandthespecificaminoacidsincreasedinsulin.D.Theaminoacidbiscuitstheyatecontainedinsulin.14.Howdoesthespecialaminoacidwork?A.Ittransformsbloodsugarintoanacid.B.Ithelpsstarttheinsulintranslationprocess.C.Itclearsingredientsunfriendlytothehumanbody.D.Itallowstheinjectedinsulintoworkbetter.15.WhichofthefollowingwouldIraPastoragreewith?A.Syntheticbiologyprovesthemosteffectivesolutiontodiabetes.B.Syntheticbiologyisdevelopingquicklyatpresent.C.Thereremainsalongwayforthistherapytoenterhospitals.D.Manytraditionaltherapeuticdiabetestechnologiesarestillinthelab.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了通過(guò)食用特制餅干來(lái)控制糖尿病的新研究進(jìn)展。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段“Diabetesisametabolic(代謝的)disease.Ifapatient’sbloodsugarisnotwellcontrolled,seriousproblemscanoccur.Apatientmayexperiencedizzinessandfatigue,butalsohavekidneyfailure,blindnessandheartdisease,accordingtoMedicalNewsToday.(糖尿病是一種代謝疾病。如果患者的血糖控制不好，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。據(jù)《今日醫(yī)學(xué)新聞》報(bào)道，患者可能會(huì)感到頭暈和疲勞，還會(huì)出現(xiàn)腎衰竭、失明和心臟病。)”可知，第二段主要闡述了糖尿病可能導(dǎo)致的嚴(yán)重健康問(wèn)題。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Intheirresearch,diabeticmiceimplantedwiththecellscanincreaseinsulin(胰島素)levelsandlowerbloodsugaraslongastheyeatspecificaminoacid(氨基酸)biscuits.(在他們的研究中，植入這種細(xì)胞的糖尿病小鼠只要吃特定的氨基酸餅干，就能提高胰島素水平，降低血糖。)”可知，在這項(xiàng)中研究中的糖尿病小鼠是通過(guò)植入的細(xì)胞和特定的氨基酸共同作用增加了胰島素水平，從而降低了血糖。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段中“Thiskindofbiscuitdoesnotdirectlylowerbloodsugarlevels,butisa“key”toinsulin.Thespecialaminoacidsinthebiscuitshelptostarttheinsulintranslationprocess.(這種餅干不會(huì)直接降低血糖水平，但卻是胰島素的‘關(guān)鍵’。餅干中特殊的氨基酸有助于啟動(dòng)胰島素的轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程。)”可知，特殊的氨基酸幫助啟動(dòng)胰島素轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段““Syntheticbiologyisstillanearly-stagediscipline(學(xué)科)inregardtothetraditionaldiabetestherapeutic(治療的)developmenttimeline,withmosttechnologiescurrentlyinthepreclinicalstagesinthelab,”IraPastor,CEOofthelifesciencescompanyBioquark,toldUSNews.(生命科學(xué)公司Bioquark的首席執(zhí)行官IraPastor在接受《美國(guó)新聞》采訪時(shí)表示：‘就傳統(tǒng)的糖尿病治療發(fā)展時(shí)間表而言，合成生物學(xué)仍然是一門早期學(xué)科，大多數(shù)技術(shù)目前都處于實(shí)驗(yàn)室的臨床前階段?！?”可知，Ira認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)目前處于實(shí)驗(yàn)室的臨床前階段，還不能進(jìn)入醫(yī)院；由此可知，他認(rèn)為這種療法要進(jìn)入醫(yī)院還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sometimesitcanfeellikeyourheadistoocluttered.Withwork,school,orabusyschedule,thingsareboundtogetjumbled(亂糟糟的)everyonceandawhile!___16___Fromfocusingtojournaling,we’llteachyouhowtomindfullydistractyourselffromworryingthoughts.Focusonthepresentmoment.Practicemindfulnessdailytohelpclearyourmindandbemorefocused.Mindfulnessisallaboutlettingallotherthoughtscomeandgo.Observeyourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutjudgement,asifyou’reanoutsiderinyourownmind.___17___Takeawalk.___18___Whenyou’rebeingmindful,you’refullyengaginginthepresentmoment,lettingfeelingscomeandgoasyoufocusonwhat’sinfrontofyou.Combiningthisstateofmindwithwalkingproducesanextraspecialstressrelieverthatimprovesmentalandphysicalhealth.Tryschedulingawalkaroundtheblock,onthetreadmill,orthroughalocalparkeveryday.___19___Takeamomenttobreatheandcomebacktothepresentmoment.Lifecaneasilybecomego,go,go,andintheprocess,youcaneasilyforgettobreathe.Settlingdownwhereveryouaretotakecontrolledbreathscancalmyourracingmindandheartbeat,helpingyoufeelmorerelaxed.Journalyourthoughts.Writingdownyourworriescanhelpyousortthroughthem.Tryreachingforanotebookorphonewhenamillionthoughtsareracingthroughyourmind.___20___Journalingcanhelpyoubemoreawareofyouremotionsandreflectonwhat’stroublingyou.A.Dodeepbreathingexercises.B.Takeamomenttoslowdown.C.Movingyourbodymindfullycanhelpthingsseemclearer.D.Butyoucandosomethingtoclearyourmindandcalmthingsdown.E.Setdowneverythingthatcomestomind,lettingallpouroutontothepage.F.Thenletthosethoughtsandfeelingsgoandfocusonwhatyou’recurrentlydoinginstead.G.Herearesometipsonhowtoprotectyourheadfrombraininjuryandthenstartyourwork.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要圍繞如何清理思緒、緩解壓力的主題，給出了一系列實(shí)用的建議和方法，如專注于當(dāng)下、出去散步、做深呼吸練習(xí)和記日記等?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Sometimesitcanfeellikeyourheadistoocluttered.Withwork,school,orabusyschedule,thingsareboundtogetjumbled(亂糟糟的)everyonceandawhile!(有時(shí)你會(huì)覺(jué)得自己的頭腦過(guò)于混亂。由于工作、學(xué)業(yè)或繁忙的日程，事情難免有時(shí)會(huì)變得一團(tuán)糟！)”可知，上文提出有時(shí)候由于繁忙的日程，我們常會(huì)覺(jué)得自己非?；靵y。選項(xiàng)D“Butyoucandosomethingtoclearyourmindandcalmthingsdown.(但是你可以做一些事情來(lái)清理思緒并平靜下來(lái)。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出當(dāng)我們覺(jué)得混亂的時(shí)候，我們可以做一些事情來(lái)理清思緒。并自然引出下文內(nèi)容，即具體的解決措施。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Mindfulnessisallaboutlettingallotherthoughtscomeandgo.Observeyourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutjudgement,asifyou’reanoutsiderinyourownmind.(正念就是任由其他所有思緒來(lái)來(lái)去去。不帶評(píng)判地觀察你的想法和感受，就好像你是自己思想中的局外人一樣。)”可知，上文提出正念的概念。選項(xiàng)F“Thenletthosethoughtsandfeelingsgoandfocusonwhatyou’recurrentlydoinginstead.(然后讓那些想法和感受過(guò)去，專注于你目前正在做的事情。)”自然延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，提出我們先不帶評(píng)判地觀察你的想法和感受，然后讓那些想法和感受過(guò)去，專注于你目前正在做的事情。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Whenyou’rebeingmindful,you’refullyengaginginthepresentmoment,lettingfeelingscomeandgoasyoufocusonwhat’sinfrontofyou.(當(dāng)你專注于當(dāng)下時(shí)，你完全沉浸在現(xiàn)在的時(shí)刻，讓感覺(jué)隨著你的注意力集中在眼前的事物上。)”可推測(cè)，空處和專注當(dāng)下有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C“Movingyourbodymindfullycanhelpthingsseemclearer.(有意識(shí)地移動(dòng)你的身體可以讓事情看起來(lái)更清晰。)”與下文內(nèi)容相符，指出有意識(shí)的做某件事可以讓我們更清晰地看待當(dāng)下。故選C?！?9題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Takeamomenttobreatheandcomebacktothepresentmoment.Lifecaneasilybecomego,go,go,andintheprocess,youcaneasilyforgettobreathe.Settlingdownwhereveryouaretotakecontrolledbreathscancalmyourracingmindandheartbeat,helpingyoufeelmorerelaxed.(花點(diǎn)時(shí)間停下來(lái)深呼吸，回到當(dāng)下。生活很容易變得匆匆忙忙，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，你很容易忘記呼吸。無(wú)論你身在何處，坐下來(lái)進(jìn)行有控制的呼吸可以平靜你狂亂的思想和心跳，幫助你感到更放松。)”可知，本段主要建議讀者要做呼吸練習(xí)。選項(xiàng)A“Dodeepbreathingexercises.(做深呼吸練習(xí)。)”是本段的主要內(nèi)容。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Writingdownyourworriescanhelpyousortthroughthem.Tryreachingforanotebookorphonewhenamillionthoughtsareracingthroughyourmind.(把你的想法寫下來(lái)可以幫助你整理它們。當(dāng)腦海中思緒萬(wàn)千時(shí)，試著伸手去拿筆記本或手機(jī)。)”可知，上文建議我們將自己的想法寫下來(lái)。選項(xiàng)E“Setdowneverythingthatcomestomind,lettingallpouroutontothepage.(把想到的一切都寫下來(lái)，讓它們?nèi)績(jī)A瀉到紙上。)”與上文內(nèi)容相符，建議我們將自己想到的一切都寫下來(lái)。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。13-year-oldSimonwascrazyaboutmusic,dreamingtobeafamousmusician.Owninga___21___hadrunginhisheartforalongtime,butconsideringhisparentswerejustbakeryworkerswhostruggledtomakeendsmeeteverymonth,hefinally___22___thethought.Onceonhisbirthday,Simongotupthecouragetotalkwithhismother,butshe___23___him,saying,“Honey,youneedtoconcentrateonyourstudies.Peoplerarelymakealivingfrommusic.Thousandsofpeopletrytobecomemusicians,butjustafew___24___!”Inthemusicclassthatday,Mrs.Murphy,hismusicteacher,noticedthatSimonwas___25___andabsent-minded.Afterknowingthefact,shemadehiman___26___,“Ihappentohaveanoldguitarwithme,Simon.Icangiveittoyouasa___27___andteachyouhowtoplayafterclass.Butinexchange,youmust___28___methatyouwouldworkhardforyourgoalandnevergiveup!”“Ipromise!”Withinonesecond,Simongavehisreply___29___.“Thankyousomuch,Mrs.Murphy!You’resokind!”Hecriedoutin___30___.WiththehelpofMrs.Murphy,Simonhad___31___guitarverywell.Soon,hedecidedtohelphisparentsthroughhistalent.Oneevening,Simontookhisguitarto___32___thesongshelearned.Passersbystoppedtowatchhisperformanceand___33___afewcentsinhishat.Astimewentby,Simon’swonderfulshows___34___morepeople’seyes.Finally,notonlydidSimonearnenoughmoneytosupporthisfamily,butalsoheroseto___35___inhishometownandmovedclosertohisdreamofbecomingamusician.21.A.piano B.guitar C.violin D.drum22.A.gaveup B.dealtwith C.turnedto D.focusedon23.A.praised B.comforted C.refused D.ignored24.A.succeed B.explore C.struggle D.survive25.A.angry B.active C.happy D.upset26.A.offer B.apology C.excuse D.effort27.A.tool B.gift C.surprise D.request28.A.promise B.tell C.remind D.trust29.A.anxiously B.suddenly C.calmly D.immediately30.A.delight B.surprise C.confusion D.doubt31.A.fixed B.recognized C.mastered D.understood32.A.teach B.record C.play D.act33.A.saw B.picked C.gained D.dropped34.A.took B.sharpened C.filled D.caught35.A.power B.fame C.challenge D.view【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.A27.B28.A29.D30.A31.C32.C33.D34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述喜13歲的Simon非常喜愛(ài)音樂(lè)，但家庭拮據(jù)買不起吉他，老師Murphy夫人了解后提議把自己的舊吉他給Simon并教他彈奏，Simon很快就掌握并開(kāi)始表演吉他來(lái)賺錢，最后不僅在家鄉(xiāng)越來(lái)越出名，也離自己成為音樂(lè)家的夢(mèng)想更近?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很久以來(lái)，他一直想擁有一把吉他，但考慮到他父母只是面包店的工人，每個(gè)月都在努力維持生計(jì)，他最終放棄了這個(gè)想法。A.piano鋼琴；B.guitar吉他；C.violin小提琴；D.drum鼓。根據(jù)第三段中“Ihappentohaveanoldguitarwithme,Simon.Icangiveittoyou…”可知，Simon想要一把吉他，故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意同上。A.gaveup放棄；B.dealtwith處理；C.turnedto求助于；D.focusedon集中注意力于。根據(jù)“consideringhisparentswerejustbakeryworkerswhostruggledtomakeendsmeeteverymonth”可知，考慮到經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)，他最終放棄了這個(gè)想法，故選A。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次生日那天，Simon鼓起勇氣和媽媽談了談，但媽媽拒絕了他，說(shuō)：“親愛(ài)的，你需要集中精力學(xué)習(xí)?！盇.praised表?yè)P(yáng)；B.comforted安慰；C.refused拒絕；D.ignored忽略。根據(jù)下文“Honey,youneedtoconcentrateonyourstudies.Peoplerarelymakealivingfrommusic.(親愛(ài)的，你得專心學(xué)習(xí)。很少有人靠音樂(lè)謀生)”可知，父母認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該專心學(xué)習(xí)，應(yīng)是拒絕了他，故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：成千上萬(wàn)人想成為音樂(lè)家，但只有少數(shù)人成功。A.succeed成功；B.explore探索；C.struggle掙扎；D.survive生存。根據(jù)上文“Peoplerarelymakealivingfrommusic.”和轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，成千上萬(wàn)的人想成為音樂(lè)家，但只有少數(shù)人成功，故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天在音樂(lè)課上，他的音樂(lè)老師Murphy夫人注意到Simon不高興，而且心不在焉。A.angry生氣的；B.active積極的；C.happy高興的；D.upset難過(guò)的，不高興的。上文提到父母拒絕給Simon買吉他，故Simon應(yīng)是很難過(guò)，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在知道了事實(shí)之后，她給了他一個(gè)提議：“Simon，我碰巧有一把舊吉他?！盇.offer提議；B.apology道歉；C.excuse借口；D.effort努力。根據(jù)下文“Icangiveittoyouasa___7___andteachyouhowtoplayafterclass.Butinexchange,youmust___8___methatyouwouldworkhardforyourgoalandnevergiveup!”可知，老師說(shuō)出了一個(gè)提議，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我可以把它作為禮物送給你，并在課后教你如何彈奏。A.tool工具；B.gift禮物；C.surprise驚訝；D.request要求。根據(jù)“Icangiveittoyou”可知，此處指“作為禮物給你”，故選B。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但作為交換，你必須答應(yīng)我，你會(huì)為你的目標(biāo)努力工作，永不放棄！A.promise承諾，答應(yīng)；B.tell告訴；C.remind提醒；D.trust信任。根據(jù)下文“Ipromise!”可知，此處指“你必須答應(yīng)我”，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我保證！”不到一秒鐘，Simon立刻給出了回答。A.anxiously焦慮地；B.suddenly突然；C.calmly冷靜地；D.immediately立即。根據(jù)“Withinonesecond”可知，Simon立刻給出了回答，故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他高興得叫了起來(lái)。A.delight高興；B.surprise驚訝；C.confusion困惑；D.doubt懷疑。Murphy夫人送吉他，Simon應(yīng)是高興，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在Murphy太太的幫助下，Simon把吉他掌握得很好。A.fixed修理；B.recognized認(rèn)出；C.mastered掌握；D.understood理解。根據(jù)上文“WiththehelpofMrs.Murphy”和下文“Soon,hedecidedtohelphisparentsthroughhistalent.(很快，他決定用自己的才能來(lái)幫助父母)”可知，在老師的幫助下他應(yīng)是掌握得很好，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，Simon拿著吉他彈奏他學(xué)過(guò)的歌曲。A.teach教；B.record記錄；C.play玩，演奏；D.act行動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“hisperformance”可知，他拿起吉他彈奏學(xué)過(guò)的歌曲，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：路人停下來(lái)觀看他的表演，并在他的帽子里丟了幾分錢。A.saw看見(jiàn)；B.picked撿起，采摘；C.gained獲得；D.dropped使落下，掉落。根據(jù)“afewcentsinhishat”可知，此處指在他的帽子里丟了幾分錢，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的流逝，Simon精彩的表演吸引了更多的人的注意。A.took取，拿；B.sharpened（使）變得鋒利；C.filled充滿；D.caught抓住。根據(jù)下文“Finally,notonlydidSimonearnenoughmoneytosupporthisfamily”可知，他賺到了足夠的錢，說(shuō)明更多的人觀看他的表演，catchone’seyes“引起某人注意”，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，Simon不僅賺了足夠的錢來(lái)養(yǎng)家糊口，而且他在家鄉(xiāng)聲名鵲起，離他成為音樂(lè)家的夢(mèng)想又近了一步。A.power力量；B.fame名聲；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.view看法，意見(jiàn)。根據(jù)空前“earnenoughmoney”和空后“movedclosertohisdreamofbecomingamusician”可知，他在家鄉(xiāng)變得出名，故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。UsingvisualartasamirrortoreflectthecharmingcultureinSouthwestChina’sGuizhouprovince,31photographers,illustrators,designersandfilmmakersfromhomeandabroad___36___(provide)theirownnarrativeabouttheregionduringarecentvisit.OrganizedbyChinaDailyandthelocalpublicity