浙江省麗水市五校高中發(fā)展共同體2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中考試英語試題 含解析

絕密★考試結(jié)束前2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期麗水五校高中發(fā)展共同體期中聯(lián)考高二年級英語學(xué)科試題考生須知：1．本卷共10頁滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2．答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準(zhǔn)考證號并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3．所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Colleagues. C.Classmates.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Iheardyougotfullmarksinthemathexam,Congratulations!M:Thanks!I’msureyoualsodidagoodjob.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whichsportdothespeakersagreetoplay?A.Basketball. B.Football. C.Tennis.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Let’splaybasketball.Ilovebasketball.W:Well.Idon’tlikeit!Whatabouttennisorfootball?M:I’mnotgoodattennis!Butfootball’sgreat.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whofirstknewthelightbulbburnedout?A.Theman. B.Thewoman. C.Nancy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,thelightinthelivingroomwon’tturnon.Diditburnout?M:Oh,yeah.Iforgottotellyouaboutthat.WeshouldprobablygotothestoreandgetanewonebeforeNancygetshomeandneedstodoherhomework.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwilltheboydotoday?A.Gotoschool. B.Seeadentist. C.Visitthepark.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Mom,Istillhaveatoothache.W:Then,we’llhavetotakeyoutoadoctortoday.M:Whataboutourtriptothepark?W:I’mafraidwewon’thavetimetoday.We’llgotheretomorrowafterschool.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aparty. B.Afriend. C.Aclass.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:SteveinvitedmetoadinnerpartyonSundayevening.Haveyoureceivedhisinvitationyet?M:Yes.Hetoldmethismorningthathewantedallhisoldclassmatestocometotheparty.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inacinema.7.Whatdidthespeakersforgettobuy?A.Popcorn. B.Coke. C.Chocolatepeanuts.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Ican’twaittoseethismovie.I’vebeenwaitingallsummerforthis!W:It’sagoodthingwebookedtheticketsonlinelastnight.Thisplaceispacked!MIknowIdon’tseeoneemptyseathere.I’mgladwefinallygotachancetocomehere.W:Me.too.Canyoupassmesomepopcorn?M:Youknowwhat?I’lltradeyou.Takethepopcorn,andletmegetahandfulofthesechocolatepeanuts.W:OK.hereyougo.Youknow,wereallyshouldhavegottensomeCoke.W.Oh.well,itdoesn’tmatter.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthewoman?A.Ashopassistant. B.Acustomer. C.Areporter.9.Howdoesthemanusuallydohomeshopping?A.OnTV.B.ThroughtheInternet.C.Bydoingmailorder.10.Whydidn’tthemanwearthejacket?A.Itwasveryexpensive.B.Hefounditunattractive.C.Theweatherwasn’tcoldenough.【答案】8.C9.C10.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,I’mfromSoundBytesRadioandI’mdoingasurveyabouthomeshopping.CouldIaskyouafewquestions?M:Asurveyabouthomeshopping?Sure.W:Thankyou.Areyouahomeshopper?DoyouusetheInternetorwatchtheShoppingChannel?M:No.Iliketolookthroughcatalogsanddomailorder.RecentlyI’vebeenreceivingalotofcatalogsandtheyhavesomeattractivethings.Infact,sometimesIevenorderthingsIdon’tneed.W:Likewhat?M:Well,lastyearIorderedaheavyjacketwithahat,anditcostonly$300,butit’snevergottencoldenoughtowearit.Ishouldneverbuysomethingoutofasuddendesire.Hey,doyouwanttobuyit?W:Oh,no,thanks.Butthankyouforansweringmyquestions.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoingnow?A.Havingameal. B.Shopping. C.Preparingfood.12.Whatfooddoesthemanprefer?A.Carrots. B.Chocolatecakes. C.Fruits.13.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Trythedessert. B.Bakesomecakes. C.Balancehisdiet.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【解析】【原文】M:Thecarrotstasteawfulandsalty.Howdoyoulikethem?W:Ilikethemverymuch.Theyaredelicious.M:Well,youcanhaveallmycarrots.Isawyoubuysomechocolatecakes.Iamdonewiththemaincourse.It’sabouttimeforsomedessert.W:Oh,youwantmychocolatecakes?M:No,no,I’mjustthinkingofsomedessert.AndIhavehadenoughcarrots.W:Robert,carrotscontainmuchvitaminC.Itisgoodforyou.M:Iknow,butchocolatecakesareevenbetter.W:Oh,stopit!Youknowyouneedvegetables.Youwillendupfatifyoudon’twatchyourdietnow.M:Well,actually,Idon’tmindeatingcarrots.Butchocolatecakesaremuchbetter.YouknowIwasbornwithasweettooth.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gethismoneyback. B.Exchangethetoycar. C.Buyanothertoycar.15.Whatcolordoesthemanchoosethistime?A.Blue. B.Pink. C.Yellow.16.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Angry. B.Understanding. C.Disappointed.【答案】14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:WelcometoUpton’s.HowcanIhelpyoutoday,sir?M:IwouldliketoreturnthistoycarthatIboughthereyesterday.Ithoughteverythingwasworkingfine,butwhenItriedtoturnthethingon,itwouldn’trun,Iwanttoexchangeitforanewone.W:Sure,thatwillbenoproblem,sir.Wouldyouliketheexactsamecar?Itcomesinmanycolors.Perhapsthistimeyoumightlikeayellowone.M:Well.Ithinkmysonwouldlikemetotakeablueone.W:Verywell,sir.Hereisyournewtoycar.IhopethatyouwillcontinuetocometoUpton’sinthefuture.M:Iwill.Thiscouldhavehappenedanywhere.It’snotabigdeal.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whenwilltheeventend?A.InJanuary. B.InFebruary. C.InMarch.18.Whatwillbeheldinthecenterofthesite?A.Aflowershow.B.Afancydresscompetition.C.Anicesculptureexhibition.19.Howmanyareaswillbeusedforamusementrides?A.Six. B.Four. C.Two.20.Wherewillthefoodshopsbe?A.Besidetheentrance.B.Atthecornerofthesite.C.Nexttotheamusementrides.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】原文】M:Hello,everyone.TheWinterCarnivaliscomingsoon.Wepreparedifferentkindsofactivitiesforit.I’dliketotakethisopportunitytotalkaboutourplanfortheWinterCarnivalthisyear.WeplantoholdtheeventfromJanuary10thtoFebruary12thattheTomorrowSite.Wealsosuggestanentrancefeeof$10.Youcanalsobringyourchildren.Theyarefree.Thesitewillbedividedintosixareas.Inthecenter,therewillbeaflowershow.Itisagoodplacetotakepictures.Tothesideoftheflowershow,therewillbetwoareasforamusementrides.Wewillsetup30Ridesintheseareas.Thisyear,therewillbetwonewevents—afancydresscompetitionandanicesculptureexhibition(冰雕展).Wewillsetupatentforthefancydresscompetition.Ifyouaregoodatdesigningclothes,bringyourworkstothecompetition.Finally,nexttotheentrance,therewillbefourfoodshopswherevisitorscanenjoyfoodfromaroundtheworld,suchasItalianfood,Chinesefood,Japanesefood,Mexicanfoodandsoon.Ihaveattachedamapforyourreference.Youcanpickoneupattheticketoffice.That’sall.Thankyou.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATeenteerProgramRegionalOneHealthmakeseffortstoeducatethenewergenerationswhoshowinterestinmath,science,andotherhealthcareareas.DetailsTheTeenteerProgramisasummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsthatprovideshands-onexplorationofmanycareersinthehealthcareenvironmentwhileprovidingservicetotheircommunity.Aspartofthisprogram,teensreceivevolunteerexperienceandbecomefamiliarwiththehospitalsetting.TheTeenteerProgramisverycompetitiveandonlytakesthosestudentswhohaveaninterestinthehealthcareindustryandservingtheircommunity,andwhocanmeettherequirements.Thenumberofstudentsacceptedintoeachprogramwillchangeperyear.TheTeenteerProgramisscheduledfortheweekofJune12-16,2024.Thisprogramisopentohighschoolstudents,aged16-18.AllTeenteervolunteersmustbeatleastsixteenyearsofagebythefirstdayoftheprogramandmustbeeithercurrentlyattendinghighschoolorpreparingtoenterhighschoolsoon.KeyApplicationDates●ApplicationOpens:Currentlyopen●ApplicationCloses:June1,2024oruntilspaceisfilled●DeadlinetoInformStudents:June12,2024ApplicationIfyouareinterestedinbecomingaTeenteer,pleasecompleteandsubmit(提交)theonlineTeenVolunteerApplicationandthefollowingmaterials:●Tworeferenceletterscompletedbyteachers●Confidentialityagreement(保密協(xié)議)●Essay(apieceofwritingofabout500wordsexplainingyourinterestinhealthservices)●ThelatestreportcardPleaseemailormailallapplicationmaterialstous.Email:volunteers@Address:TeenteerVolunteerProgram,RegionalOneHealth,877JeffersonAve.,MemphisFormoreinformation,pleasecontactVolunteerServicesat901-545-7247.21.WhatisthemaingoaloftheTeenteerProgram?A.Tobringdifferentcommunitiestogether.B.Toraiseteensawarenessofcompetition.C.Toletstudentsexplorethehealthcareindustry.D.Toprovidelong-termmedicaltrainingtostudents.22.Whatisarequirementforapplyingtotheprogram?A.Beingatleast16yearsold. B.BeingfreethroughoutJune.C.Havingexperienceasavolunteer. D.SubmittingtheapplicationformbyJune12.23.Whatmustbeincludedinyourapplicationmaterials?A.Acleanbillofhealth.B.Threereferenceletters.C.Themostrecentreportcard.D.A500-wordself-introduction.【答案】21.C22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了一個針對高中生的暑期項目的目的、要求、申請流程等，旨在讓學(xué)生在服務(wù)社區(qū)的同時，親身探索醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的多種職業(yè)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheTeenteerProgramisasummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsthatprovideshands-onexplorationofmanycareersinthehealthcareenvironmentwhileprovidingservicetotheircommunity.(TeenteerProgram是一個針對高中生的暑期項目，它提供了在醫(yī)療保健環(huán)境中對多種職業(yè)的實踐探索，同時為社區(qū)提供服務(wù)。)”可知，本項目的主要目的是給學(xué)生提供機會探索醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)。故選C項。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AllTeenteervolunteersmustbeatleastsixteenyearsofagebythefirstdayoftheprogramandmustbeeithercurrentlyattendinghighschoolorpreparingtoenterhighschoolsoon.(所有志愿參加該項目的參與者在項目開始時必須年滿至少十六歲，并且必須是目前正在上高中或即將上高中的學(xué)生。)”可知，至少年滿16歲才能滿足申請要求。故選A項。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文中Application部分的最后一點“Thelatestreportcard(最新的成績報告單)”可知，申請材料中必須包含最新的成績報告單。故選C項。BAsignificantmilestoneresultingfromachangeoflifecircumstancesbeganwithKayeeinourlife.MychildrenandIwereexperiencingadifficultperiod.TheonlysolutionIhadtomeetthegreatsadnessitcreated,wastobringinanewmembertoourfamily.Kayleewashigh-spiritedandchallenginginsomanyways.AsItriedtobreakKayleeinandteachhertheway,asanewfamilymember,Iwasunsuccessfulateveryturn.Instead,shebrokemeandbroughtmetoaplaceofpatienceandunderstanding.Walkingasmuchaswedid,provedtobeacatalyst(催化劑)forchangesinmylifephysicallyandemotionally.KayleeandIspenthourswalkingoffleash(鏈條)inthewoodsandinthefields,everyday,everychancewegot.SomanytimesKayleeransofarandsofastthatitfrightenedmethinkingshewouldnotcomeback.Thatallchanged6yearsintoKaylee’slife.SheandIwereatTheCoveinStamford.Withoutanywarning,astormrolledinquicklyandwithgreatforce.Thehighwindsandpoundingrainmadeitimpossibletoseeanythinginfrontofme.IscreamedrepeatedlyforKaylee.IwasafraidthatthiswasthemomentIwasgoingtoloseher.Outofnowhere,aguyheardmeyellingforKayleeandrantometotellmeadogwasintheparkinglotstandingbesideacar.IrushedoutandfoundKayleestandingbythecarfaithfullywaitingformetogether.ThisisamomentintimeIwillneverforgetbecauseIthenrealizedthatadogandahumanarecapableofsharingaverystrongloveandbond.Fromthatmomenton,sheneverleftmyside,nomatterwhereorhowlongwewalked.24.WhydidtheauthorbringKayleehome?A.Tohelpgetthroughthehardtime.B.Tobringaboutsomechangesinlife.C.Tomaintainthestrongfamilybonds.D.Todeveloppatienceandunderstanding.25.WhatdoweknowaboutKayleeinparagraph2?A.Kayleerantoofartogoback.B.Kayleelackedtheenergytorun.C.Kayleepreferredrunningtowalking.D.Kayleeenjoyedthefreedomtoexplore.26.WhatdidKayleedowhenthestormcame?A.Shewasbarkingtogetattention.B.Shewasdoingnothingbutfearing.C.Shewaswaitingbyherowner’scar.D.Shewasrunninginthewindandrain.27.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofKayleeafterthestorm?A.Sheismentallystrong. B.Sheisareliablecompanion.C.Sheisoftenoutofcontrol. D.Sheisdistinctfromotherdogs.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述為了度過一段艱難的時期，作者帶狗狗Kaylee回家，Kaylee喜歡自由，有很多次作者以為它跑出去再也不會回來了，一次暴風(fēng)雨時Kaylee一直守候在車旁邊等待作者，作者意識到Kaylee也和人能夠分享一種非常強烈的愛和紐帶?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“MychildrenandIwereexperiencingadifficultperiod.TheonlysolutionIhadtomeetthegreatsadnessitcreated,wastobringinanewmembertoourfamily.(我和孩子們經(jīng)歷了一段艱難的時期。面對它帶來的巨大悲傷，我唯一的解決辦法就是給我們的家庭帶來一個新成員)”可知，作者帶Kaylee回家是為了幫助度過艱難時期，故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“KayleeandIspenthourswalkingoffleash(鏈條)inthewoodsandinthefields,everyday,everychancewegot.SomanytimesKayleeransofarandsofastthatitfrightenedmethinkingshewouldnotcomeback.(Kaylee和我每天只要一有機會，就會花上幾個小時在樹林里和田野里散步。有那么多次，Kaylee跑得又遠(yuǎn)又快，嚇得我以為她不會回來了)”可知，Kaylee喜歡自由探索，故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Outofnowhere,aguyheardmeyellingforKayleeandrantometotellmeadogwasintheparkinglotstandingbesideacar.IrushedoutandfoundKayleestandingbythecarfaithfullywaitingformetogether.(不知從哪里冒出來一個人聽到我在喊Kaylee就跑過來告訴我停車場有只狗站在一輛車旁邊。我沖出去，發(fā)現(xiàn)Kaylee站在車旁，忠實地等著我去接她)”可知，暴風(fēng)雨來臨時Kaylee在主人的車旁邊等著，故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Fromthatmomenton,sheneverleftmyside,nomatterwhereorhowlongwewalked.(從那一刻起，無論我們走到哪里，走了多久，她都沒有離開過我的身邊)”可知，暴風(fēng)雨來臨時Kaylee一直在作者的車旁邊等待，推知此后作者會認(rèn)為Kaylee是一個可靠的伙伴，故選B。CInthedecadesfollowingthebeginningoftheGreenRevolution,agriculturalfoodproductionhasincreaseddramatically.Unfortunately,therearedisadvantagestothefarmingmethodsandtechnologiesthatallowforthisincrease.Oneproblematicfeatureofindustrialagricultureislanduse:halfofthehabitablelandonEarthiscurrentlyusedforfarming.Landthatusedtobehometobiodiverseecosystemshasbeenclearedforagriculturaluse,andmanycommercialfarmsusemonoculturefarming(單一種植).Thoughmonoculturefarmsproducemorecropslikewheatandcorn,theyaremorelikelytobeaffectedbydiseaseanduseupnutrientsinthesoil.Anotherissuewithindustrialfarmingistheoveruseoffertilizers,particularlyfertilizersthatusenutrientslikenitrogen(氮)andphosphorus(磷).Cropsonlyuseapartofthenitrogenandphosphorusappliedtothem,withtherestcontributingtorunoffthatpollutesthesurroundingecosystem.Thisnutrientpollutioncreates“deadzones”throughaprocesscalledeutrophication(富營養(yǎng)化):Algaeareplantsthatconsumenitrogenandphosphorus,leadingtoalgalblooms(大量繁殖).Whensomealgaedieoffduetoovergrowth,thebacteriathatbreakdownthedeadalgaewilluseupthewater’soxygensupply,starvingfishandotherorganismsofoxygen.Inordertosolvetheproblemswhilemeetingthenutritionalneedsofagrowingglobalpopulation,theagriculturalsectorneedstoshiftitsfocusfromindustrialagriculturetopermaculture,awayofgrowingfoodthatcopieshownatureworks,withlotsofdifferentplantsandanimalslivingtogether.Thishelpstomakesurewegetthemostfoodpossiblewhilekeepingtheenvironmenthealthy.Byprotectingtheland,water,andair,peoplemayyetfindsolutionsfortheproblemsofindustrialagriculture.28.Whatisaconsequenceofmonoculturefarming?A.Itleadstothereductionofsoilnutrients. B.Itlowerstheoutputofwheatandcorn.C.Itbringsbenefitstothelocalecosystem. D.Itmakesfarmsmoreresistanttodiseases.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“runoff”refertoinparagraph3?A.Halfofthenutrientsandwater. B.Waterflowingovertheground.C.Nutrientsandwaterforfertilization. D.Thenutrientsabsorbedbyplants.30.Whydoestheauthormentionalgae?A.Tocomparenitrogenwithphosphorus.B.Toillustratehoweutrophicationworks.C.Toshoweutrophication’simpactonfish.D.Toexplainwhyalgaedieduringeutrophication.31.Whatisthesuggestedalternativetoindustrialfarming?A.Acompletestopofindustrialfarming.B.Ashifttowardsapplyingmorenutrients.C.Areturntopre-GreenRevolutionfarming.D.Afocusonnatural-ecosystem-likefarming.【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)所產(chǎn)生的問題及其替代方案?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thoughmonoculturefarmsproducemorecropslikewheatandcorn,theyaremorelikelytobeaffectedbydiseaseanduseupnutrientsinthesoil.(雖然單一栽培農(nóng)場生產(chǎn)更多的作物，如小麥和玉米，但它們更容易受到疾病的影響，并消耗土壤中的養(yǎng)分。)”可知，單一種植的后果是導(dǎo)致土壤養(yǎng)分減少。故選A項?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞句及其前文“Anotherissuewithindustrialfarmingistheoveruseoffertilizers,particularlyfertilizersthatusenutrientslikenitrogen(氮)andphosphorus(磷).Cropsonlyuseapartofthenitrogenandphosphorusappliedtothem,withtherestcontributingtorunoffthatpollutesthesurroundingecosystem.(工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)的另一個問題是過度使用肥料，特別是使用氮和磷等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的肥料。農(nóng)作物只使用了施用在它們身上的氮和磷的一部分，其余的則成為污染周圍生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的runoff。)”可知，肥料中的氮和磷只有一部分被農(nóng)作物吸收，其余部分被水流帶到周圍造成污染，從而推知劃線部分意思是“流過地面的水”。故選B項。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thisnutrientpollutioncreates“deadzones”throughaprocesscalledeutrophication(富營養(yǎng)化):Algaeareplantsthatconsumenitrogenandphosphorus,leadingtoalgalblooms(大量繁殖).Whensomealgaedieoffduetoovergrowth,thebacteriathatbreakdownthedeadalgaewilluseupthewater’soxygensupply,starvingfishandotherorganismsofoxygen.(這種營養(yǎng)物污染通過一種被稱為富營養(yǎng)化過程產(chǎn)生了“死區(qū)”：藻類是一種消耗氮和磷的植物，導(dǎo)致藻類大量繁殖。當(dāng)一些藻類由于過度生長而死亡時，分解死藻類的細(xì)菌會耗盡水中的氧氣供應(yīng)，使魚類和其他生物缺氧。)”可知，作者提到藻類是為了說明富營養(yǎng)化是如何起作用的。故選B項?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inordertosolvetheproblemswhilemeetingthenutritionalneedsofagrowingglobalpopulation,theagriculturalsectorneedstoshiftitsfocusfromindustrialagriculturetopermaculture,awayofgrowingfoodthatcopieshownatureworks,withlotsofdifferentplantsandanimalslivingtogether.Thishelpstomakesurewegetthemostfoodpossiblewhilekeepingtheenvironmenthealthy.Byprotectingtheland,water,andair,peoplemayyetfindsolutionsfortheproblemsofindustrialagriculture.(為了解決這些問題，同時滿足不斷增長的全球人口的營養(yǎng)需求，農(nóng)業(yè)部門需要將重點從工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移到永續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)，這是一種復(fù)制自然運作方式的食物種植方式，讓許多不同的植物和動物共同生活。這有助于確保我們在保持環(huán)境健康的同時獲得盡可能多的食物。通過保護土地、水和空氣，人們也許能找到解決工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)問題的辦法。)”可知，工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)的替代方案是注重自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)式的農(nóng)業(yè)。故選D項。DAmericansbelievevolunteeringtohelpstrangerscontributesmoretosocietythanunpaidcaregivingforfamilyorfriends,accordingtoresearchpublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.Usingaseriesofexperimentsanddatafromalongitudinalsurvey,theresearchersexaminedthedifferencesbetweendifferentsocioeconomicgroupsandhowtheyperceivetheircontributionstosociety.Intheearlystageoftheresearch,theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewithhighersocioeconomicstatusvolunteeredmoreandperceivetheircontributionsasgreat.Incontrast,thosewithlowersocioeconomicstatus,despitespendingmoretimeonunpaidcare,felttheycontributedlesstosociety.“Thebeliefthathelpingstrangersisthegoldstandardofcontributingseemstobeawidelyacceptedbutlittlerecognizedassumption.Ourresearchbringsthisassumptiontothesurfaceandquestionswhoitbenefitsandwhoitoverlooks,”Reinhartsaid.Inasubsequentexperiment,participantsareaskedtoreadaboutthreepeoplewhotutored(輔導(dǎo))ayoungerstudent.Onepersonwasrequiredtotutorayoungerstudentinanafter-schoolprogram,onepersonchosetotutorayoungerstudent,andonepersontutoredtheiryoungercousin.TheresearchersfoundthatAmericans,regardlessofsocioeconomicstatus,thoughtthattutoringstrangersmadeagreatercontributionanddeservedmorerecognitionthantheothertutors.Thoughpeoplethoughttutoringafamilymemberwasmoremoral,theydidnotthinktutoringafamilymembermadeasignificantlygreatercontributiontosociety.Thesefindingssuggestthat,asasociety,weneedabroaderideaofwhatcountsasameaningfulcontribution,accordingtoReinhart.“AstheU.S.populationages,the20%ofAmericanscaringforanadult,mostoftenarelative,willonlyincreaseinthecomingyears.Tomeetthegrowingdemandforcaregiving,wemustvaluethisvitallabor,”Reinhartsaid.“Weneedtodomoretorecognizethepersonalandsocietalimportanceofhelpingpeopleclosetohomeinoureverydaycirclesandinvestingintheselocalrelationships.Caregiving,perhapsespeciallywhenunpaidandwithlittlechoiceinvolved,isstillasignificantcontribution.32.Whatdoestheresearchfocuson?A.Theimportanceofvolunteering. B.Theeconomicvalueofcaregiving.C.Theimpactofsocioeconomicstatus. D.Theperceptionofcontributionstosociety.33.Whichtypeoftutoringcangetthehighestrecognitionaccordingtothisexperiment?A.Tutoringayoungercousin.B.Tutoringastudentforpayment.C.TutoringakidataChildren’sHome.D.Tutoringaspecificpersonintheexperiment.34.Whatwecaninferfromparagraph6?A.Volunteeringisthemostmeaningfulactivity.B.Peopleholdbroadviewsonsocietalcontribution.C.Theperceptionofcaregivingneedstobereshaped.D.Societycountsonmeaningfulcontributionsfromitscitizens.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.UnpaidCaregivingisUndervaluedbySocietyB.Americans’PerceptionofSocietalContributionsC.TheDemandsofAgingPopulationonCaregivingD.TheImpactofSocioeconomicStatusonVolunteering【答案】32D33.C34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。根據(jù)美國心理協(xié)會發(fā)布的一項研究，美國人認(rèn)為，與無償照顧家人或朋友相比，主動幫助陌生人對社會的貢獻(xiàn)更大。但是無償看護被社會低估，需要重塑對它的看法。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Americansbelievevolunteeringtohelpstrangerscontributesmoretosocietythanunpaidcaregivingforfamilyorfriends,accordingtoresearchpublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.(根據(jù)美國心理協(xié)會發(fā)布的一項研究，美國人認(rèn)為，與無償照顧家人或朋友相比，主動幫助陌生人對社會的貢獻(xiàn)更大。)”可知，這個研究關(guān)注的是對社會貢獻(xiàn)的認(rèn)知。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“TheresearchersfoundthatAmericans,regardlessofsocioeconomicstatus,thoughtthattutoringstrangersmadeagreatercontributionanddeservedmorerecognitionthantheothertutors.Thoughpeoplethoughttutoringafamilymemberwasmoremoral,theydidnotthinktutoringafamilymembermadeasignificantlygreatercontributiontosociety.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論社會經(jīng)濟地位如何，美國人都認(rèn)為輔導(dǎo)陌生人比其他輔導(dǎo)貢獻(xiàn)更大，應(yīng)該得到更多的認(rèn)可。雖然人們認(rèn)為輔導(dǎo)家庭成員更道德，但他們并不認(rèn)為輔導(dǎo)家庭成員對社會的貢獻(xiàn)更大。)”可知，根據(jù)這個實驗，在兒童之家輔導(dǎo)孩子能得到最高的認(rèn)可。故選C。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Thesefindingssuggestthat,asasociety,weneedabroaderideaofwhatcountsasameaningfulcontribution,accordingtoReinhart.(根據(jù)萊因哈特的說法，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，作為一個社會，我們需要更廣泛地了解什么是有意義的貢獻(xiàn)。)”可知，人們對看護的看法需要重塑。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“TheresearchersfoundthatAmericans,regardlessofsocioeconomicstatus,thoughtthattutoringstrangersmadeagreatercontributionanddeservedmorerecognitionthantheothertutors.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論社會經(jīng)濟地位如何，美國人都認(rèn)為輔導(dǎo)陌生人比其他導(dǎo)師貢獻(xiàn)更大，應(yīng)該得到更多的認(rèn)可。)”可知，本文主要講述了主動幫助陌生人對社會的貢獻(xiàn)更大。但是無償看護應(yīng)得到更多社會認(rèn)可?！盁o償看護被社會低估”適合做最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Goingfromlongtoshorthaircanfeellikeabigstep,butit’salsoanexciting,easywaytogetafresh,lightweight,gorgeousnewlook.We’vegotsometipsonchoosingashorthairstyleifyou’renotsurewhatkindofendresultyouwant.___36___Matchahairstyletotheshapeofyourface.Areyougoingforanultra-shortpunkrocklookorjusttakingafewinchesofftogiveyourselfanicesummerstyle?___37___it’sveryimportanttomatchyourstyletotheshapeofyourface.Consideralayeredcut.Ifyouwantadynamicandlayeredcut,thatwillinvolvesectioningoffyourhairandcuttingitatslightlydifferentlengthstogetthehairtofallgentlyandevenlywiththebackofyourhead.___38______39___Aswithanyhaircut,itcanhelptofindsomepicturesofhairstylesthatyoureallyadmiretohelpyougetgearedupforthecut.Trytofindsomeonewithasimilarlyfeaturedface.Ifyou’vegotarounderface,itprobablywouldn’tmakeanysensetopicksomeonewithaverylongfacetomodelyourhairafter.Considergoingtoahairdresser.You’reperfectlycapableofcuttingyourownhair,butifit’sgoingtobeabigjob.___40___Youcantalkwithhimaboutwhatwilllookbestforyourownstyle,andmakesurethecutgetsdoneevenlyandprofessionally.A.Lookathairinspirations.B.Whateverkindofnewlookyou’regoingfor,C.It’susuallybesttogoandtalktoaprofessional.D.Whilebothofthemarefavoredbymanypeople,E.Findsomepicturesofsomeonewithalongface.F.Followtheadvicebelow,andsoonyou’llhavestunningshortlocks.G.Thiswilltakealittlemoreworktopulloff,andmightrequiresomehelpandmirrors.【答案】36.F37.B38.G39.A40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了一些剪短發(fā)的建議?！?6題詳解】上文“We’vegotsometipsonchoosingashorthairstyleifyou’renotsurewhatkindofendresultyouwant.(如果你不確定自己想要什么樣的發(fā)型，我們?yōu)槟闾峁┝艘恍┻x擇短發(fā)的建議)”提到有一些短發(fā)的建議，下文介紹了一些具體的建議，F(xiàn)項“遵循下面的建議，很快你就會擁有迷人的短發(fā)”承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Areyougoingforanultra-shortpunkrocklook,orjusttakingafewinchesofftogiveyourselfanicesummerstyle?(你是想要一個超短的朋克搖滾造型，還是只是剪掉幾英寸，讓自己看起來很漂亮？)”提到超短的朋克搖滾造型和只是剪掉幾英寸，結(jié)合空后“it’sveryimportanttomatchyourstyletotheshapeofyourface(讓你的風(fēng)格與你的臉型相匹配是非常重要的)”可知，B項“無論你想要什么樣的新造型”承上啟下，選項以逗號結(jié)尾，是后文“讓你的風(fēng)格與你的臉型相匹配”的假設(shè)條件，故選B?！?8題詳解】上文“Ifyouwantadynamicandlayeredcut,thatwillinvolvesectioningoffyourhairandcuttingitatslightlydifferentlengthstogetthehairtofallgentlyandevenlywiththebackofyourhead.(如果你想要一個有動感和層次的發(fā)型，那就需要把你的頭發(fā)分出來，剪成稍微不同的長度，讓頭發(fā)在你的后腦勺上輕輕地均勻地垂下來)”介紹分層剪裁的方法，G項“這將需要更多的工作來完成，并且可能需要一些幫助和鏡子”承接上文，進(jìn)一步闡述分層剪裁，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段中“Aswithanyhaircut,itcanhelptofindsomepicturesofhairstylesthatyoureallyadmiretohelpyougetgearedupforthecut.Trytofindsomeonewithasimilarlyfeaturedface.(和任何發(fā)型一樣，找一些你真正喜歡的發(fā)型照片可以幫助你做好準(zhǔn)備。試著找一個和你有相似特征的人)”可知，本段是說從別人的發(fā)型中尋找靈感，A項“看看頭發(fā)的靈感”符合語境，故選A。【40題詳解】根據(jù)本段中“Considergoingtoahairdresser.(考慮去理發(fā)店)”可知，本段是說去理發(fā)店找理發(fā)師，C項“通常最好是去找專業(yè)人士談?wù)劇狈险Z境，下文“Youcantalkwithhimaboutwhatwilllookbestforyourownstyle(你可以和他談?wù)勈裁醋钸m合你自己的風(fēng)格)”中的“him”指代C項中的“professional”，故選C。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A，B，C或D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。31-year-oldDebinhahasappearedforhercountrymorethan130timesandin2022wasshortlistedfortheBestFIFAWomen’sPlayeraward,theonlySouthAmericantobenominated(提名).Thissummersheis____41____herkitinprepar