2025版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一部分模塊知識復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第三冊Unit3EnvironmentalProtection

Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionⅠ.閱讀理解A(山東省日照市2024屆高三下學(xué)期3月一?？荚?DespiteKyleTianshibeingonlya15-year-oldUShighschooler,hehaspublishedfivesci-finovels.HisfifthbookEventidewasreleasedinJuly.However,thismaynotbehismostimpressiveachievementasKylejustreceivedthe“HeroAward”,a$20,000grandprize.ItisthetophonorintheCaliforniaYouthSustainabilityAwards.Thecompetitionaimstoencourageandsupportyoungcommunityleaderswhoaremakingadifferenceforsustainabilityintheircommunitiesbytakingactionfortheplanet.Kyle,asophomorefromtheCambridgeSchoolintheUS,receivedthehonorforhisportableinventioncalledNEREID.Thedevicecandetectmicroscopicparticles(微觀粒子)inwaterbyusingalaserandmicroscope.Theseparticlescanbeharmfultopeopleandtheenvironment.KylecameupwiththeideafortheinventionbasedonhisexperiencegrowingupinSanDiego,California,US.Peoplehadnoaccesstounpolluteddrinkingwaterandhisparentsaskedhimnottodrinktapwater.Kylespentabout$60buyingthetoolsneededtoanalyzethetapwater:alaser,amicroscopeandamicro-computer.“It’sincrediblypowerfulfortheprice,”Kylesaid.Thenheusedtheirfamily’sgarageashislaboratory,doingresearchonthepollutionofdrinkingwatercausedbymicro-plastics.Kylehopestobringtomarketalow-costalternativetoolfordetectingmicro-plasticpollutionlevelsindrinkingwater.Inthisway,hecanofferhelptopeoplewhodon’thaveaccesstowaterfiltration(過濾)systems.Hehasappliedforapatent.KylesaidhissisterEmily,afreshmanatStanfordUniversity,inspiredhisinterestinenvironmentalresearch.Shewasrecognizednationallyfordevelopingawatercollectiondevice.TheyhavefoundedtheClearwaterInnovationprogramtoadvocateforcleanwaterthroughsocialmediaplatformsandorganizecommunitycleanupevents.1.WhatdoweknowaboutKyle?A.Heisgoodatadaptingsci-fiworks.B.Heenteredmanynovelcontests.C.Hereceivedanawardforhisinvention.D.He’sfoundmicroscopicparticlesinwater.2.WhatledtoKyle’screationofNEREID?A.People’slackofcleandrinkingwater.B.People’spoorlivingconditions.C.Hisdesiretobeacommunityleader.D.Hisfamily’sencouragement.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKyle?A.Considerateandbrave.B.Optimisticandhonest.C.Determinedandhumorous.D.Responsibleandcreative.4.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.TheintroductionofNEREID.B.Aboy’scontributiontoliterature.C.Theharmofpollutedwater.D.AUSschooler’swatersolution.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文,主要介紹了15歲的KyleTianshi獨創(chuàng)了檢測水中有害的微觀粒子的設(shè)備,獲得了加州青年可持續(xù)發(fā)展獎的最高榮譽。1.C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句可知,Kyle因他的獨創(chuàng)而獲獎。2.A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的內(nèi)容可知,Kyle獨創(chuàng)NEREID是由于人們?nèi)狈Ω蓛舻娘嬘盟?.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終兩段的內(nèi)容可知,Kyle獨創(chuàng)NEREID,使人們能夠喝到干凈的飲用水,并通過實際行動提倡清潔用水,愛護環(huán)境,因此他有責任心且有創(chuàng)意。4.D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章主要講解并描述KyleTianshi獨創(chuàng)了檢測水中有害的微觀粒子的設(shè)備,使人們能夠喝到干凈的飲用水,還和Emily一起創(chuàng)立了清水創(chuàng)新項目,提倡清潔用水,故D項“一位美國學(xué)生對于水的解決方案”能夠概括文章大意。B(河北省衡水市2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模考試)Manyanimalsdependuponsoundtofindfood,detectenemiesandcommunicatewithoneanother.Thesespeciesunderstandablysufferwhenloudmotorwayscutthroughtheirhabitats.Somedealwithbysingingmoreloudly,somechangethetimingoftheircallstooccurwhenfewerpeoplearedriving,othersjustmovetoquieterplaces.Alloftheseactionscomewithsignificantcostsattachedandscientistshavelongdocumentedtheecologicaldamagecausedbynoisepollution.Ithasalwaysbeenassumed,however,thatnoiseisaproblemuniquetoanimals.ButanewstudybyAliAkbarGhotbi-Ravandi,abotanistatShahidBeheshtiUniversityinTehran,hasshowedthatplantssuffertoo.Thatplantscanbehamperedindirectlybynoisepollutionhasneverbeenindoubt.Sincemostfloweringspeciesdependuponpollinators(傳粉者)andmostfruit-bearingspeciesneedanimalstospreadtheirseeds,itisobviousthatiftheseanimalpartnersareharmedbynoisethentheirbotanicalcounterpartswilldobadly,too.Whathasremainedunknowniswhetherornotplantsthemselvessufferdirectlyfromnoisepollution.Soundsarepressurewavestransmittedthroughgases,liquidsandsolids.Scientistshavepreviouslyassumedthatplantsmaybeabletosensethesewavesastheyarestruckbythem.Anumberofexperimentshaveconfirmedthisinrecentyears—plantsbombedwithultrasound(超聲波)inthelabhaveshownarangeofbadresponsesincludingtheexpressionofstress-relatedgenes,slowgrowthandreducedproductionofseeds.Yetbombingplantswithultrasoundisnotthesameasgrowingtheminthepresenceofactualtrafficnoise.Tothisend,Dr.Ghotbi-Ravandidecidedtosetupanexperimenttostudypreciselythisquestion.5.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Todrawreaders’interest.C.Tostressthedamageofnoise.D.Tostatesound’seffectonanimals.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hampered”inParagraph3mean?A.Killed. B.Harmed.C.Attracted. D.Frightened.7.Whatisstillunknowntoscientists?A.Howsomeanimalsrespondtonoise.B.Thatnoiseisn’taproblemuniquetoanimals.C.Whetherplantssufferdirectlyfromnoisepollution.D.Thatmostplantsdependonanimalstospreadseeds.8.Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Waystosolvetheproblemsoftrafficnoise.B.Differencesbetweenultrasoundandtrafficnoise.C.Dr.Ghotbi-Ravandi’sachievementsonplantsstudy.D.Theexperimentabouttheinfluenceoftrafficnoiseonplants.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。探討發(fā)覺植物膽怯 噪音。5.A推理推斷題。全文主要講解并描述植物也膽怯 噪音。第一段講動物受噪音干擾及其應(yīng)對措施,是為了引出本文的話題——植物也膽怯 噪音。6.B詞義揣測題。依據(jù)上文“ButanewstudybyAliAkbarGhotbi-Ravandi,abotanistatShahidBeheshtiUniversityinTehran,hasshowedthatplantssuffertoo.”和下文“theseanimalpartnersareharmedbynoise”的提示可知,畫線詞的含義是“損害”。7.C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句可知,目前尚不清晰的是,植物本身是否干脆受到噪音污染的影響。8.D推理推斷題。最終一段提到“Tothisend,Dr.Ghotbi-Ravandidecidedtosetupanexperimenttostudypreciselythisquestion.”可推斷,接下來要講的是關(guān)于交通噪音對植物影響的試驗。C(2024屆遼寧省遼南協(xié)作體高三其次次模擬考試)ADukeUniversity-ledstudyfindsthatbottlenosedolphinsburncaloriesatalowerrateastheygetolder,justlikehumansdo.It’sthefirsttimethatscientistshavemeasuredanage-relatedmetabolic(新陳代謝的)slowdowninanotherlarge-bodiedspeciesbesideshumans,saidthefirstauthorRebeccaRimbach.Rimbachhasstudiedenergyconsumptioninanimalsrangingfrommicetomonkeys.Butdataontheinnerworkingsofseaanimalssuchasdolphinsandwhaleshavebeenscant,shesays.“That’sbecausetheseoceananimalsaredifficulttocatchforrepeatedmeasurement.Itcanbeverytrickytogettheanimalbackwhenyouneedit,”Rimbachsaid.Theresearchersstudied10bottlenosedolphinsaged10to45livingattwoseaanimalcenters.Tomeasuretheiraveragedailymetabolicrates,theresearchersusedthe“doublylabeledwatermethod”.Itinvolvedgettingthedolphinstodrinkafewpoundsofwaterwith“heavy”formsofhydrogenandoxygenputin,andthenfollowinghowlongtheytooktoforcethemout.Carerscollectedthedolphinsbloodandanalyzedthelevelsofheavyhydrogenandoxygenatoms(原子)init.Thus,theteamwasabletocounthowmuchcarbondioxidethedolphinsproducedeachday,andthenhowmanycaloriestheywereburningastheywentabouttheirlives.Thescientistsfoundtheoldestdolphinsinthestudy,bothintheir40s,used22%to49%fewercalorieseachdaythanexpectedfortheirbodyweight.Andsimilartohumans,moreofthosecaloriesendedupasfatratherthanmuscle.Dolphinsintheir40shadbodyfatpercentagesthatwere2.5timeshigherthantheunder-20dolphins’.Itwasn’tforlackofexerciseanditwasn’tbecausethey’reeatingtoomuch,Rimbachsaid.Itwasrelatedtometabolicaging.Theresearcherssaidsuchworkcoulduncoverfactorsbesidesdietandlifestylethatcausedage-relatedweightgaininpeople.“Furtherstudiesintothiscommonalitywesharewithdolphinsmayhelpusunderstandwhyourmetabolismslowsasweage,”saidco-authorHannahSalomons.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Detailed. B.Strange.C.Rare. D.Different.10.Whydidthecarerscollectdolphins’bloodduringtheresearch?A.Tobetterknowabouttheiroxygendemand.B.Tofigureouttheamountofburntcalories.C.Toanalyzethemaincontentoftheblood.D.Tocheckthehealthconditionofdolphins.11.Whatisthereasonfortheelderlydolphins’higherpercentagesofbodyfat?A.Theirunhealthylifestyles.B.Theirshortageofexercise.C.Theirweakenedmetabolism.D.Theirpreferenceforfatfood.12.Whatcanweconcludeaccordingtothetext?A.Burningcaloriesneedsmorefatasdolphinsage.B.Exercisecanspeedupsomeanimals’metabolism.C.Dolphins’mealtimingmayinfluenceweightloss.D.Dolphins’metabolismtendstoslowdownwithage.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。探討發(fā)覺,隨著年齡的增長,寬吻海豚的新陳代謝速度會降低。9.C詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段可知,因為海洋生物很難反復(fù)捕獲測量數(shù)據(jù),所以關(guān)于海洋生物的探討很少。由此推知,scant意為“少的”。10.B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,收集海豚的血液是為了計算卡路里的消耗量。11.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段可知,成年海豚的體脂高是因為他們的新陳代謝減弱。12.D推理推斷題。本文主要講寬吻海豚隨著年齡的增長新陳代謝的速度會降低。Ⅱ.七選五閱讀EarninganMBAAbroad(2024·福建省龍巖市中學(xué)畢業(yè)班第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)AnyonewhohopestoleadaFortune500Firmsomedayshouldrealizethatahigh-profileleadershiprolewillprobablyrequireextensivetravelandteamworkwithcolleaguesfromallovertheworld.Anyambitiousbusinesspersonmaywishtoconsiderattendingabusinessschool(B-school)whereheorsheisneitheracitizennorapermanentresident.Whendecidingwhethertogotoabusinessgraduateprograminaforeigncountry,doacost-benefitanalysis.1

SellingPointsandDisadvantagesEarninganMBAoranothertypeofgraduatebusinessdegreeinaforeigncountrybearsvaluableadvantages.Onebigadvantageisthatyouwillbeabletolearnaboutnewcultures.2Italsoallowsyoutoexperiencedifferentworkingstylesandhowcertaincompaniesoperate,whichcanbebeneficialforfutureemployerswhowantemployeeswithglobalexperience.

3Internationalflightstoandfromaforeignschoolmaybeexpensive.Youmayfinditharderthantheyexpectedtogetvisas(簽證)orworkpermitsforyourschoolingabroad,whichmeansyoumighthavetoleavethecountryabruptlywhenyougraduatewithoutmuchtimefortransmission.Youmayalsobeconcernedaboutculturaldifferencesinlearningstyles,studyhabits,andacademicstrictness.

OtherFactorstoConsiderWhencomparingMBAprogramsindifferentcountries,keepseveralregionaldistinctionsinmind.ThestandardinsomecountriesisforMBAdegreestobecompletedwithinasingleyear.4ThepriceofB-schoolinsomeareastendstobemoreexpensiveandstartingsalariesamongrecentMBAgraduatestendtobeespeciallyhighwithincertaincountries.

Nomatterwhereintheworldyou’dprefertopursueanMBA,it’swisetoinvestigateyourtargetB-school’scourseofferingstoassesswhetherthelessonstaughtatthatschoolseeminterestingandrelevanttoyou.5Inotherwords,thinkoverthelocationwhereyouintendtospendthemajorityofyourcareer.

A.Thiswillhelpinfutureworkopportunities.B.Anotherconsiderationisyourfinaldestination.C.Inotherplacesthetypicaltime-to-degreeistwoyears.D.Admissionoddsmayvarydependingonthelocationoftheprograms.E.Unfortunately,therearesomedownsidestopursuinga