2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit6EarthfirstSectionⅡUsinglanguage學案外研版必修第二冊

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1.devotev．致力，獻身，傾注；投身?QianXuesendevotedhimselfentirelytoscience.錢學森完全投身于科學事業(yè)。?Asweallknow,heisagenerous,devoted,reliableandwarm-heartedfriend.我們都知道，他是一個慷慨、忠誠、牢靠和熱心的摯友。[歸納探究]devoteoneselfto＝bedevotedto獻身于；致力于devoteone'slife/time/energy/attentionto把某人的生命/時間/精力/留意力奉獻于……bedevotedtosb.忠于……bedevotedto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事；投身于某事devotionn.酷愛；奉獻[聯想拓展]由介詞to構成的其后要接名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式作賓語的短語：bedevotedto奉獻于……beaccustomedto習慣于……objectto反對……getusedto習慣于……getdownto起先做……beopposedto反對……beaddictedto對……著迷lookforwardto盼望……stickto堅持……[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto________(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.②Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifeto________(help)others.③Fanswillshowtheir________(devote)bywaitingforhourstogetticketsfortheirfavouritesinger'sconcert.④Youwillneverachievesuccessunlessyou________________(致力于)yourwork.⑤Hewasdeterminedto________________(將自己的余生獻給)folkmusic.2．damagev.&n．損壞；破壞；破損，損害，損傷Smokingcandamageyourhealth.抽煙會損害你的健康。[歸納探究]do/causedamageto...對……造成損害causeseriousdamagetotheenvironment對環(huán)境造成嚴峻的破壞damageone'shealth損害某人的健康[聯想拓展]“破壞”三兄弟damagevt.損失；損害destroyvt.毀壞；毀掉ruinvt.毀滅[即學即練]完成句子/選詞填空①Theoldfarmerwasveryupsetbecausethestrongwinds________________(給……帶來很大損害)hiswheat.eq\x(damage/ruin/destroy)②Youhave________mybike;you'dbettergetitrepaired.③Mycarwas________inanaccident,andIhavetobuyanewone.④Toourdisappointment,thebadweather________ourtrip.⑤Theaccidentcausedsome________tomycar,butit'snothingserious.3.affectv．影響(＝haveaneffecton)；感動；(疾病)侵襲，使感染?Thethoughtsandbehaviorofateacherwillaffect(＝haveaneffecton)thoseofhispupils.老師的思想和行為將影響其學生的思想和行為。?Affectedbytheirgooddeeds,Iwaseagertojointheminhelpingtheold.受他們的善舉影響，我渴望和他們一起幫助老人。?Theillnesshasaffectedbothhermentalandphysicalhealth.這種疾病損害了她的身心健康。?NowIcansayitismyaffectionfornaturethatmakesmearealgardener.現在我可以說是我對自然的酷愛使我成為了一名真正的園丁。?Childrenneedlotsofloveandaffection.孩子須要多多疼愛和關懷。?Shewasheldindeepaffectionbyallherstudents.她的學生都非常愛戴她。[歸納探究]affectsb.greatly對某人影響很大affectone'shealth/life/decision影響某人的健康/生活/確定bedeeplyaffectedby被……深深打動theaffectedarea被感染處；被影響的地區(qū)theareasaffectedbythehurricane受颶風影響的地區(qū)[詞語辨析]affect,effect與influence(1)affectvt.指大的影響，強調動作，有時指不利影響。(2)effectn．&v．用作名詞時，指“影響，結果”；用作動詞時，指“引起，使發(fā)生”。(3)influencen．&v.指潛移默化的影響。[即學即練]單句語法填空/選詞填空①Withthegovernment'said(救濟),those________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.②Toomuchsmokinganddrinkingaffectedhimgreatly,whichmeantbadlivinghabitshadaneffect________hishealth.③________(affect)bytheriseofhouseprices,peopleinbigcitiesliveundergreatpressure.eq\x(affect/effect/influence)④Alcoholcan________yourattentionanditalsohasabad________onyourliver.⑤Thechangeinclimatemay________yourhealth.⑥Webecamethebestfriendsandhe________medeeply.⑦Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswere________．4.supplyn．煤氣、電力、自來水等供應(系統(tǒng))；(pl.)補給品；vt.供應；供應Wesupplythehomelesswithfoodandclothes.＝Wesupplyfoodandclothestothehomeless.我們把食物和衣服供應應無家可歸的人。[歸納探究]food/water/gas/electricitysupply食物/水/煤氣/電供應supplyanddemand供求關系asupplyof一批；很多eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(supplysb./sth.withsth.,supplysth.tosb./sth.))為某人/某物供應某物[易混辨析]supply,provide與offersupply尤指大量供應、供應。provide強調供應所需之物。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(providesb.withsth.,providesth.forsb.))offer強調主動供應。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(offersb.sth.,offersth.tosb.))[即學即練]單句語法填空①Theywillsupplyus________technologyinsupportwithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.②Thisbookwillsupplysomescientificmethods________usinEnglishlearning.③Ourschoollibrarycanprovideallkindsofgoodbooks________students.④Finally,themanagerofferedagoodjob________me.5.adoptv．實行(某種方法)；收養(yǎng)(→adoptedadj.收養(yǎng)的adoptionn．接受；收養(yǎng))?Theschoolsshouldadoptnewmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.學校應接受新的外語教學法。?Atlast,weshouldadopttheconsumers'suggestions.最終我們應當接受消費者的建議。?Therefore,weshouldadoptitsgoodpointsandavoiditsshortcomings.Strengthenself-disciplineandbesmartonlinelearners.因此，我們應當接受它的優(yōu)點，避開它的缺點。加強自律，做聰慧的在線學習者。?Shewasleftanorphanandawomanadoptedher.她成了孤兒，一位婦女收養(yǎng)了她。?Theadoptedgirlsoonadaptedtohernewfamily.這個被收養(yǎng)的女孩很快適應了她的新家庭。?Hisadoptedsonwentabroadlastweek.他的養(yǎng)子上周出國了。[歸納探究]beadoptedinto被……收養(yǎng)adoptanattitude實行一種看法adoptmeasures實行措施[一言助記]Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedaboywhoseparentswerekilledintheearthquake.Theadoptedboysoonadaptedtohisnewfamily.這對年輕夫妻沒有自己的孩子，收養(yǎng)了一個父母在地震中死去的男孩。這個被收養(yǎng)的男孩很快適應了他的新家庭。[即學即練]單句語法填空/選詞填空①Formanychildlesscouples,________(adopt)isthebestsolution.②Inthepast,theyweretoopoorandhadtohavetheirdaughter________(adopt).eq\x(adopt/adapt/adjust)③Itturnedoutthathis________sontreatedthemasiftheywerehisownparents.④Ittookhimquitealottimeto________tothelifehere.⑤Thefilmis________fromanovelbyMoYan.⑥Allthreeteams________differentwaystosolvetheproblem.⑦Theheightofthechaircanbe________．6.permissionn．允許，許可?Asapunishment,shewasnotpermittedtoattendanyschoolactivities.作為懲處，她不被允許參與任何學?；顒?。?I'llseeyouafterthemeeting,iftimepermits.假如時間允許的話，我會在開完會后見你。?Shehadaskedthegovernmentforpermissiontomovethebookstoasafeplace,buttheyrefused.她原本要懇求政府的允許把這些書搬到平安的地方，但他們拒絕了。[歸納探究]havepermissiontodosth.獲得許可做某事getpermission(fromsb.)得到(某人的)許可askforpermission懇求許可gainpermissiontodo...獲得做……的許可withone'spermission/withthepermissionofsb.在某人的許可/準許下withoutpermission未經許可[聯想拓展](1)permitv．允許；許可permitdoingsth.允許做某事permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事(2)permit還可作名詞“通行證，許可證”，常指書面的許可，permission常指口頭許可。[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalwaysgettingher________(permit)forthings,thinkagain.②Wedonotpermit________(smoke)intheoffice.③Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrolwouldtheresidents________(permit)toreturntotheirhomes.④We'llhaveapicnicatthebeach,ifweather________(permit).⑤Inourschool,nostudentcangooutoftheclassroom________(未經許可).⑥Maryis________________________(懇求她母親的許可)tomarryTom,sayingheisaresponsibleyoungman.7.severeadj.(問題、傷勢、疾病等)很嚴峻的Hehadasevereillness.他得了嚴峻的疾病。[歸納探究]severeinjury重傷severepollution嚴峻的污染severelyadv.嚴峻地[聯想拓展]severe還有“寒冷的”意思，搭配：aseverewinter“嚴冬”。severe還有“嚴厲的”意思，搭配：besevereon/withsb.對某人很嚴厲[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Motoristsshouldbepunished________(severe)fordangerousdriving.②Thecourtsarebecomingmoresevere________youngoffenders(犯罪者).③我將會嚴格要求自己，請信任我吧！Iwill____________________.Pleasejustbelieveme.熟登記列重要單詞及短語①mostimportantly最重要的是②restorethenaturalenvironment復原自然環(huán)境③dealwithglobalwarming應對全球變暖④reusablewaterbottle可重復運用的水瓶⑤reducethegreenhouseeffect削減溫室效應⑥establishv．建立，設立→establishedadj.已確立的→establishmentn．建立，確立⑦restorev．使復原→restoredadj.復原的→restorationn．修復⑧sustainvt.保持，維持→sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的⑨reducev．削減，降低→reductionn．削減⑩infectv．傳染→infectedadj.受感染的→infectionn．感染v.-ing和v.-ed形式作賓語補足語一、語法現象感知①Wesawtheboyenteringtheroom.②Shefeltherheartbeatingfast.③IheardthegirlsingingtheEnglishsonginherroomwhenIpassedby.④Youmustgettheworkfinishedby10o'clock.⑤Johnfoundallhismoneystoleninthestreet.⑥Whathesaidatthemeetingmadethelistenerspuzzled.二、語法規(guī)則理解1．句①②③為v.-ing形式作________，分別構成短語seesb.doingsth.,feelsth./sb.doingsth.和hearsb.doingsth.，詳細描述theboy,herheart和thegirl的動作，表示“望見”，“感到”“聽見”某人/某事正在發(fā)生。2．句④⑤⑥為________作賓語補足語，分別構成短語getsth.done,findsth.done和makesb./sth.done結構，詳細描述thework,allhismoney和thelisteners的狀態(tài)。微點撥v.-ing形式作賓語補足語與前面的賓語之間構成邏輯主動關系；v.-ed形式作賓語補足語與前面的賓語之間構成邏輯被動關系。v.-ing和v.-ed形式作賓語補足語一、v.-ing形式作賓語補足語v．-ing形式作賓語補足語時，往往表示正在進行的動作或常常存在的狀態(tài)，與賓語之間構成邏輯主動關系。v.-ing形式常作以下動詞的賓語補足語。1．表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動詞(短語)，如see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。?Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.我感覺有人站在我后面。?Isawthelittleboycryingthere.我看到小男孩正在那里哭。2．表示使動意義的動詞，如have,keep,get,leave等。?Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。?Iwon'thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。微點撥使役動詞后接現在分詞作賓語補足語表示“讓……始終做某事”；當have/keep/leave接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，表示“讓某人做某事”；當have/get/keep/leave后接過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示“主語請某人做某事、使某事完成或主語遭受某事”。?Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.當心，否則會弄傷手的。3．用于with復合結構中，其中v.－ing形式與前面的名詞或代詞之間構成邏輯主動關系。?Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.由于噪聲不斷，我沒法做家庭作業(yè)。?Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.這么多人看著她，她感到驚慌。二、v.-ed形式作賓語補足語1．v.-ed形式即過去分詞作賓補時，往往是說明賓語的狀態(tài)或性質，賓語是其邏輯主語，一般是過去分詞動作的承受者，即邏輯上的被動關系。?Isawhiseyesfixedonmewithcuriosity.我望見他的眼睛盯著我，充溢了新奇。?WewanttheworkfinishedbySaturday.我們想要在周六前完成工作。?Wefoundthehousedeserted.我們發(fā)覺這所房子被廢棄了。微點撥在with的復合結構（with＋名詞/代詞＋非謂語動詞）中，當非謂語動詞與前面的名詞或代詞表示邏輯被動關系時，用過去分詞；表示邏輯主動關系時，用現在分詞；表示目的或將來時，用動詞不定式。?Withthehomeworkfinished,Tomwentouttoplaywithhisfriends.家庭作業(yè)完成了，湯姆和他的摯友們出去玩了。2．能接過去分詞作賓語補足語的動詞(1)表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞，如see，hear，feel,watch,notice,think,consider,find等；(2)表示“致使”或“保持某狀態(tài)”意義的動詞，如make,get,have,keep,leave等；(3)表示“希望、要求、吩咐”意義的動詞，如want,wish,like,expect,order等。?Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.我們望見小偷被警察抓住了。?Don'tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.不要讓這么重要的事沒有人做。?Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。?Iwantthehousewhitewashedbeforewemovein.我想要房子在我搬進去之前粉刷完。Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Ifwe________(全身心投入)ourselvestoathing,wecanrelievetension.2．Hispresentation________(強調)theimportanceofsustainabledevelopment.3．Their________(殘忍)toanimalsarousedpeople'sanger.4．________(狩獵)isforbiddeninthisreserve.5．Theprogrammercanhelpyoumakethe________(展示)ofyourstagetrulytypical.6．Inordertopreventtheextinctionofthisspecies,thegovernmentsetupaspecial________(愛護區(qū)).7．Thebossgaveeachofhis________(員工)asouvenir.8．Inordertobetteradapttothesociety,peopleusually________(建立)interpersonalnetworks.9．Hiseyesightsufferedsevere________(損壞)becausehesatinfrontofscreenforlong.10．Wehavenotenoughfoodtoeatduetothe________(干旱).11．Thefirmattitudegaveamessageofhopetopeoplelivingin________(沉沒的)areas.12．Thesearechangesthatdirectly________(影響)youorsomeaspectsofyourlife.13．Howwilltheyarrangeforadaily________(供應)offoodtothefloodvictims?Ⅱ.短語填空makeapresentation,bereducedto,withoutpermission,devoteoneselfto,insteadof,release...from1．Theaudienceclappedforthemusicianwho________________musiconthestage.2．WhenallthemembersreachShanghai,thehostwill________________attheconference.3．SinceSeptemberthisyear,thecostsoftheequipment________________50dollars.4．Ahundredtonsofchemicalsayear________________thefactory,whichcausedseverepollution.5．Thepolarbeartoysaremadebyhand________________bymachine,sotheyareveryexpensive.6．Thepostonthewallsaysvisitorscan'ttouchtheequipmentandtakephotos________________．Ⅲ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Igotthestory________(write)inEnglish.2．Ourmanagerlefttheproblem________(unsettle).3．Iheardsomeone________(call)mynamewhenwalkingalongthestreet.4．Witheverythingwell________(arrange),helefttheoffice.5．Atthatmom