2025屆廣東省湛江市普通高中畢業(yè)班11月份調(diào)研測試英語試題（含答案解析）

絕密★啟用前2025屆湛江市普通高中畢業(yè)班調(diào)研測試英語試卷共8頁，47小題，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListhasbeenupdatedfor2024,andEurope’snewestlistings,someofEurope’slesser-knownyetculturallysignificantsites,arewellworthexploring.ViaAppia,ItalyAlsoknownas“theQueenofroads”,this500-milestretchistheoldestRomanroad.ItconnectstheItaliancapitaltoSouthernItaly’sseaportsandspeedsthegrowthanddevelopmentofnewsettlementswhiledrivingagriculturalproductionandtrade.Journeyingupthisroadisatransportationthroughtime,withtheoriginalpavingstonesremindingusofItaly’soldtimes.SchwerinResidenceEnsemble(建筑群),GermanyApicture-perfectimageoftraditionalGermanarchitecturesurroundedbyLakeSchwerin,thisculturalensemblecomprises38ofSchwerin’smoststrikinglandscapesandarchitecture.ThearchitectureofSchwerincapturestheessenceof19th-centuryGermanywithitspublicgardensandculturalbuildingstiedtogetherbythegrandSchwerinCastle.TheFlowCountry,ScotlandInScotlandliesoneoftheworld’smostuntouchedblanketbog(沼澤)landscapes.Witharound500,000acresofbogpoolsandancientplants,TheFlowCountryisoneoftheworld’sbiggestcarbonstores,crucialinthefightagainstclimatechange.Onfootishowyoucanexperiencethedramaticviewsofthislesser-knownlandscapeanddiversewildlifespeciesclosely.MoravianChurchSettlements,GermanyandUKGracehillwasavillageinNorthernIrelandfoundedbytheMoraviansin1759.GuidedtoursofGracehillOldSchoolandtheMoravianChurchoffervisualinsightsintotraditional,Moravianarchitecture.InGermany,thelivingMoravianheritagecanbefeltinthemuseumsandchurchhallsofHerrnhut,thebirthplaceoftheMoravianChurch.1.WhatcanoneexpecttodofromthetravelalongViaAppia?A.Takeabustosouthernseaports. B.AdmiresomeGermanbuildings.C.ExperiencetheancientpastofItaly. D.HavealookatMoravianarchitecture.2.Whichsitecanonegotowatchthewildlife?A.ViaAppia. B.TheFlowCountry.C.SchwerinResidenceEnsemble. D.MoravianChurchSettlements.3.Whatdothefoursiteshaveincommon?A.Theyarelocatedinthesamecountry.B.Theyarenotmuchknowntotheoutside.C.Theyaremeantfornature-lovingtravelers.D.TheyhavelongbeenontheWorldHeritageList.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹2024年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄的歐洲的四個景點，分別是意大利的亞壁古道、德國的施未林建筑群、蘇格蘭的弗羅濕地區(qū)，以及德國與英國的摩拉維亞居留區(qū)。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由ViaAppia,Italy中“Journeyingupthisroadisatransportationthroughtime,withtheoriginalpavingstonesremindingusofItaly’soldtimes.(沿著這條路走是一種穿越時間的旅行，原來的鋪路石讓我們想起了意大利的舊時代。)”可知，意大利的亞壁石道是最古老的羅馬時代的道路，走在這條路上會讓人感覺時光倒流，能回顧意大利的歷史。故選C項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheFlowCountry,Scotland中“Onfootishowyoucanexperiencethedramaticviewsofthislesser-knownlandscapeanddiversewildlifespeciesclosely.(步行是您如何近距離體驗這片鮮為人知的景觀和各種野生動物物種的壯麗景色。)”可知，在蘇格蘭的弗羅濕地區(qū)步行游覽，人們可以近距離感受到野生生物。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“UNESCO’sWorldHeritageListhasbeenupdatedfor2024,andEurope’snewestlistings,someofEurope’slesser-knownyetculturallysignificantsites,arewellworthexploring.(聯(lián)合國教科文組織的《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》已于2024年更新，歐洲最新的名錄，一些歐洲鮮為人知但具有文化意義的遺址，非常值得探索。)”可知，本文介紹的是歐洲四個在2024年被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄的景點，它們都不太被外人所知。故選B項。BHearingthespeedingcarspassingus,Ihadtofocusonthesoundofmyuncle’sbicycleleadingtheway.Atthirty,withmyretinas(視網(wǎng)膜)dyingfromaneyedisease,drivingacarwasimpossibleandIcouldn’tgiveupthefreedomofridingmybike.UncleFredpedalledsteadily.Ibikedafewinchesbehind.Heshouteddirectionsateachintersection.Suddenly,hisvoicerosewithurgency,“Carol,stop!Acaristurning.”Whenwereachedourdestination,myshouldersachedfromtheride.AsIsatnexttoUncleFred,heclearedhisthroatandsaid,“Carol,didyouthinkaboutgettingatrainedSeeingEyedog?Itcangiveyouindependence.”HeknewIwasafraidofdogs.Wordsstuckinmythroat.Buthisvoicecrackedandplantedtheseedofanidea.Myworldshrunkasmyblindnessgrewworse.Luckily,Ihadagoodsenseofdirection,allowingmetovisualizeneighborhoodroutes.Thisskillcouldbeanadvantagewhenworkingwithadog.Aftercalculating,Ifinallycalledtheguidedogschool.Theadmissionapplicationarrived,butIstillwasn’tsure.Oneday,IphonedmyfriendRobert,alongtimeguidedoguserinmytown.Hesharedhispositiveexperiences.Somehow,hiswordsconvincedmetogiveitatry.Duringthetraining,thedogtrainer’scoachingandeachsuccessfulwalkwiththedogsbuiltmyconfidence.AsmyguidedogMistyandIbonded,myshouldersrelaxed.WhenIreturnedhome,UncleFredwasthefirsttomeetMisty.Mistysatatourfeetwavinghertail.Shemusthavepickeduponthepositiveenergythatcircleduslikeahug.MistydroveawaymyanxietyasIslowlyopenedmyhearttoher.JustasUncleFredhadpredicted,overcomingmyfeargavemetheopportunityformoreindependence.Mynewconfidencecamefromusingaguidedog,allowingmetowalktall.UncleFred’sadvicemovedmysenseofjoyfrommybiketomydog.4.Whatdrovetheauthortorideabike?A.Gettingpreparedfordrivingacar. B.Treatingherdiseasebytakingexercise.C.Gettingfamiliarwithnoisybackground. D.Enjoyingthefreedomofmovingaround.5.Howdidtheauthorreacttoheruncle’ssuggestion?A.Shethoughtitworthatry. B.Shedrewupapracticalplan.C.Shewasstuckindesperation. D.Sherefuseditforfearofdogs.6.WhydidtheauthorcallRobert?A.Toinvitehimtoadoptadog. B.Toaskhimabouttheapplication.C.Toencouragehimtobepositiveinlife. D.Toconsulthimabouttakingaguidedog.7.WhatchangedidMistybringtotheauthor?A.Shebecameconfidentaboutfightingtheillness.B.Shebecamemoreattachedtoheruncleforhelp.C.ShegainedherindependencewithMisty’shelp.D.Sheformedhercommunityofguidedogtrainers.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。眼睛的疾病使作者不能自由出行，在親人的鼓勵下，作者領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了導(dǎo)盲犬，從此她的生活無須再依賴他人，她對生活也更加樂觀。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Hearingthespeedingcarspassingus,Ihadtofocusonthesoundofmyuncle’sbicycleleadingtheway.Atthirty,withmyretinas(視網(wǎng)膜)dyingfromaneyedisease,drivingacarwasimpossibleandIcouldn’tgiveupthefreedomofridingmybike.(聽到超速行駛的汽車從我們身邊經(jīng)過，我不得不專注于我叔叔的自行車帶路的聲音。三十歲時，我的視網(wǎng)膜因眼疾而逐漸喪失功能，開車是不可能的，我不能放棄騎自行車的自由。)”可知，作者騎自行車是為了享受出行的自由。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Myworldshrunkasmyblindnessgrewworse.Luckily,Ihadagoodsenseofdirection,allowingmetovisualizeneighborhoodroutes.Thisskillcouldbeanadvantagewhenworkingwithadog.(隨著失明的加劇，我的世界縮小了。幸運的是，我有很好的方向感，可以想象出附近的路線。與狗一起工作時，這項技能可能是一個優(yōu)勢。)”以及上文可知，作者聽到叔叔的建議時不知道說什么，因為她一直很害怕狗，但是這句話在她的腦子里種下了一個養(yǎng)狗的念頭，她覺得這個建議值得一試。故選A項。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Oneday,IphonedmyfriendRobert,alongtimeguidedoguserinmytown.Hesharedhispositiveexperiences.Somehow,hiswordsconvincedmetogiveitatry.(有一天，我打電話給我的朋友羅伯特，他是我鎮(zhèn)上一位長期使用導(dǎo)盲犬的人。他分享了自己的積極經(jīng)歷。不知怎么的，他的話說服了我試一試。)”可知，作者打電話給好友羅伯特，因為他養(yǎng)了很長時間的導(dǎo)盲犬，所以作者向他咨詢。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“AsmyguidedogMistyandIbonded,myshouldersrelaxed.WhenIreturnedhome,UncleFredwasthefirsttomeetMisty.Mistysatatourfeetwavinghertail.Shemusthavepickeduponthepositiveenergythatcircleduslikeahug.MistydroveawaymyanxietyasIslowlyopenedmyhearttoher.JustasUncleFredhadpredicted,overcomingmyfeargavemetheopportunityformoreindependence.Mynewconfidencecamefromusingaguidedog,allowingmetowalktall.UncleFred’sadvicemovedmysenseofjoyfrommybiketomydog.(當(dāng)我和導(dǎo)盲犬米斯蒂親密接觸時，我的肩膀放松了。當(dāng)我回到家時，弗雷德叔叔是第一個見到米斯蒂的人。米斯蒂坐在我們腳邊，揮舞著尾巴。她一定感受到了像擁抱一樣圍繞著我們的正能量。米斯蒂驅(qū)散了我的焦慮，我慢慢地向她敞開心扉。正如弗雷德叔叔所預(yù)測的那樣，克服恐懼給了我更多的獨立機會。我的新信心來自使用導(dǎo)盲犬，讓我能夠走得很高。弗雷德叔叔的建議把我的快樂從自行車轉(zhuǎn)移到了我的狗身上。)”可知，這里提到作者領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了導(dǎo)盲犬之后生活的變化，說這只導(dǎo)盲犬讓自己更自信，而且不再焦慮，在生活上更加獨立。故選C項。CInsurveysoverthepastcoupleofyears,GallupresearchershavefoundonlyaboutathirdofU.S.workersfeelengagedwiththeirjobs.It’saconcernforcompaniesandtheeconomy.Fortunately,researchershaveidentifiedasimplesolution:Recognizeyouremployees’achievements.Acrossanumberofindustries,employeeshavinghigh-qualityrecognitiononthejobwere45%lesslikelytohaveleftthatjobbetween2022and2024.“Imaginehowdemoralizingitwouldbeifyou’redoingthingsatworkthatnobodyseesandyoufeellikenobodycaresabout,’’saysMartin,seniordirectoratWorkhuman,whichtrackedthecareerpathsofmorethan3,400workersovertwoyears.Whenitcomestorecognition,peoplefeellesslonelywhentheircontributionsarepraised,whichinturnkeepsthemfromseekingworkelsewhere.Thesurveyaskedrespondentsiftheyfeltstressedthepreviousday.Thosewhosaidtheyfeltrecognizedonthejobreportedlowerlevelsofstressthanthosewhosaidtheywerenot.Anotherfindingemergingfromthesurveysisthathigh-qualityfeedbackcanfuelprofessionaldevelopment.ThatwasAndyHernandez’sexperience.HewasworkingincarfinancinginGreenville,tryingtofigureouthowtogetahead,whenhedecidedtolearnExceltouseitatwork.Hebeganpitchingideasusinghisnewlyacquiredskills.Managerslikedwhathewasdoingandtoldhimasmuch.“ItmotivatesmetoknowthatallthisextrastuffI’mdoinggetsrecognized;it’salsohelpingmeshowthatI’mreadyforthenextstep,”hesays.Herosethroughtheranks,eventuallybecomingateamleader.Hesayshelookedforopportunitiestoshowappreciationforhisteam.Therearegenerationaldifferenceswhenitcomestothedesireforfeedback,Gallupfoundin2024.Youngerworkers,whofeellessattachedtotheirworkplacesthantheirparents,haveahigherexpectationofappreciation.Fortunatelyforthem,companyleadersarealsoincreasinglyrecognizingtheimportanceofpraiseintheworkplace.In2024,Workhumanfound42%ofseniorleadersreportingtheirorganizationsvalueemployeerecognition,upfrom28%in2022.8WhatdidGallupresearchersrevealaboutU.S.workers?A.Theygivepositiveworkfeedback.B.Theydesirehighincomefortheirwork.C.Theyfeellessdevotedtotheirwork.D.They’reconcernedaboutU.S.economy.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demoralizing”inparagraph2mean?A.Discouraging. B.Inspiring. C.Misleading. D.Entertaining.10.WhatbenefitdidlearningExcelbringtoAndy?A.Itmadehimjudgehisteaminapositiveway. B.Hewelcomedeachsuggestionobjectively.C.Itenabledhimtobeputinchargeofafirm. D.Hewasrecognizedandmotivatedtogoon.11.WhatdidGallupfindaboutgenerationaldifferences?A.Youngleadersarelesslikelytopraisetheirworkers.B.Youngworkershavehighexpectationstoberecognized.C.Seniorleaderscarelittleaboutworkplacerecognition.D.Seniorworkersenjoyariseinrecognitionoftheirwork.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。新的研究表明，年輕一代的員工更希望得到公司對他們的工作成就的認可?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Insurveysoverthepastcoupleofyears,GallupresearchershavefoundonlyaboutathirdofU.S.workersfeelengagedwiththeirjobs.It’saconcernforcompaniesandtheeconomy.(在過去幾年的調(diào)查中，蓋洛普的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有大約三分之一的美國員工對自己的工作感到投入。這是公司和經(jīng)濟的擔(dān)憂。)”可知，大多數(shù)美國工人覺得自己對工作不夠投入。故選C項?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第二段“Imaginehowdemoralizingitwouldbeifyou’redoingthingsatworkthatnobodyseesandyoufeellikenobodycaresabout,(想象一下，如果你在工作中做的事情沒有人看到，你覺得沒有人關(guān)心，那將是多么，)”可猜測，如果自己在工作中做的事情沒有人看見，而且感覺其他人都不在意自己的工作成果，這樣的感覺是讓人很“氣餒的”，所以猜測demoralizing表“氣餒的，沮喪的”意思。故選A項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段“ItmotivatesmetoknowthatallthisextrastuffI’mdoinggetsrecognized;it’salsohelpingmeshowthatI,mreadyforthenextstep,(這激勵我知道，我所做的所有這些額外的事情都得到了認可；這也幫助我表明，我已經(jīng)為下一步做好了準備，)”以及上文可知，安迪自學(xué)辦公軟件Excel，并利用自己新學(xué)到的技能提出一些新想法，他因此得到老板的賞識，這些賞識讓他充滿前進的動力。故選D項。【11題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段“Youngerworkers,whofeellessattachedtotheirworkplacesthantheirparents,haveahigherexpectationofappreciation.(與父母相比，年輕員工對工作場所的依戀程度較低，他們對欣賞的期望更高。)”可知，年輕一代的員工不如父輩依戀當(dāng)前的工作崗位，他們更期待得到公司的認可。故選B項。DArevolutioninweatherforecastingcouldsoonseewarningsofcomingheatwaves,stormsorotherextremeeventsaccompaniedbyspecificinformationontheroleclimatechangehasplayedinfuellingthem.Theshiftwouldhelpbringtherealityofourwarmingplanettothegeneralpublic.Keytothisideaisthegrowingfieldofattributionscience(歸因科學(xué)),whichinvolvesexaminingextremeweathereventsafterthefacttodetailtheimpactofclimatechange.Itinvolvessimulatinganeventtwice,underreal-worldconditionsandinafictionalworldwithnohuman-causedclimatechange.Thedifferencebetweenthosetwosituationsrevealstheextenttowhichrisingemissions(排放)mademattersworse.Now,researcherswanttogofurtherandapplyattributionsciencetoeventsbeforetheyevenhappen.AttheUKweatherservice,theMetOffice,PeterStottandhiscolleaguesaredoingthiswithweatherforecastingmodels,comparingreal-worldforecastswithonesbasedonafictionalworldunaffectedbyhumaninfluence.Thegoalistoprovidethepublicwithweatherandclimateinformationatthesametime.“So,theforecastshowshowtheweatherinformationrelatestoclimatechange,andtheimpactsitwillmeanforthemlocally.”BernatattheInstituteofGeoSciencesinSpainhasexperimentedwithadifferentapproach,usingartificialintelligence-poweredweatherforecasts.Togetherwithcolleagues,herantheAI-enabledapproachonthreepastextremeevents:the2018Iberianheatwave,HurricaneFlorenceintheUSin2018,andStormCiaranintheUKandotherpartsofnorthernEuropein2023.TheAImodelscorrectlypredictedthatallthreeextremeeventswouldoccur,butunderestimatedtheirsize.BematsaystheAIapproachiscurrentlymostaccuratewhenconsideringheatwavesbutmorelimitedforcomplexsystemssuchasatropicalstorm.ButBernatsaysAIweatherforecastsarerapidlyimproving.HesaysthisAI-basedapproachwouldallowattributionanalysistobemuchmorewidelyused,helpingtoexpandpeople’sunderstandingofhowextremeeventsarechanging.12.Whatwillbeaddedtoweatherforecastingaftertherevolution?A.Thedamageextremeweathereventscausetotheenvironment.B.Effectivemeasuresinpreventingextremeweatherevents.C.Theeffectofclimatechangeonextremeweatherevents.D.Specificwaysforthepublictofightagainstclimatechange.13What’sthepurposeoftheworkofPeter’steam?A.Tobuildamodeltoproduceclimateinformation.B.Toconnectlocalweatherwithclimatechange.C.Topredictthedegreeoflocalcarbonemissions.D.ToapplyAItothepredictionofextremeevents.14.WhatisBernat’sattitudetowardAIweatherforecasts?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ClimateInformationIsAddedtoWeatherForecastsB.AITechnologyWillBeUsedinPredictingWeatherEventsC.EmissionsArePredictedtoFuelExtremeWeatherEventsD.WeatherForecastsEnjoyaBreakthroughFuelledbyAI【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹氣象預(yù)報的一項變革：氣象預(yù)報計劃利用電腦模型及人工智能等手段，在天氣預(yù)報中披露極端天氣現(xiàn)象中氣候變化帶來的影響力。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Arevolutioninweatherforecastingcouldsoonseewarningsofcomingheatwaves,stormsorotherextremeeventsaccompaniedbyspecificinformationontheroleclimatechangehasplayedinfuellingthem.Theshiftwouldhelpbringtherealityofourwarmingplanettothegeneralpublic.(天氣預(yù)報的革命可能很快就會看到即將到來的熱浪、風(fēng)暴或其他極端事件的警告，以及氣候變化在助長這些事件中所起作用的具體信息。這一轉(zhuǎn)變將有助于將地球變暖的現(xiàn)實帶給公眾。)”可知，未來的天氣預(yù)報將會包括有關(guān)“氣候變化在助長極端天氣事件中所起的作用”的具體信息，以幫助大眾了解全球變暖引起的氣候變化會帶來的實際后果。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Thegoalistoprovidethepublicwithweatherandclimateinformationatthesametime.‘So,theforecastshowshowtheweatherinformationrelatestoclimatechange,andtheimpactsitwillmeanforthemlocally.’(目標是同時向公眾提供天氣和氣候信息?！虼耍A(yù)報顯示了天氣信息與氣候變化的關(guān)系，以及它對當(dāng)?shù)氐挠绊?。?”可知，彼特和他的同事所做的研究，他們制作了氣象預(yù)報的模型，想將當(dāng)?shù)氐奶鞖馇闆r與氣候變化的信息聯(lián)結(jié)起來。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“BematsaystheAIapproachiscurrentlymostaccuratewhenconsideringheatwavesbutmorelimitedforcomplexsystemssuchasatropicalstorm.(博納特說，人工智能方法目前在考慮熱浪時最為準確，但對于熱帶風(fēng)暴等復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)則更為有限。)”和文章最后一段“HesaysthisAI-basedapproachwouldallowattributionanalysistobemuchmorewidelyused,helpingtoexpandpeople’sunderstandingofhowextremeeventsarechanging.(他說，這種基于人工智能的方法將使歸因分析得到更廣泛的應(yīng)用，有助于擴大人們對極端事件如何變化的理解。)”可知，博納特很支持在天氣預(yù)報中使用人工智能。故選D項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Arevolutioninweatherforecastingcouldsoonseewarningsofcomingheatwaves,stormsorotherextremeeventsaccompaniedbyspecificinformationontheroleclimatechangehasplayedinfuellingthem.Theshiftwouldhelpbringtherealityofourwarmingplanettothegeneralpublic.(天氣預(yù)報的革命可能很快就會看到即將到來的熱浪、風(fēng)暴或其他極端事件的警告，以及氣候變化在助長這些事件中所起作用的具體信息。這一轉(zhuǎn)變將有助于將地球變暖的現(xiàn)實帶給公眾。)”以及下文可知，全文介紹人們利用不同的手段，在天氣預(yù)報中增加關(guān)于“氣候變化如何影響極端天氣”的相關(guān)信息，因此A項ClimateInformationIsAddedtoWeatherForecasts(氣候信息被添加到天氣預(yù)報中)符合語境。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MostAmericanseatultraprocessed(深加工的)foodseveryday.Thesearefoodsthatyoucannotmakeathomebecausetheycontainflavorsandchemicalsthatchangethetasteorfeelofthefood.Theyareusuallyhighinsalt,sugarandfat.____16____Beingoverweightisonesuchresultandthatmayleadtodiabetesandheartdisease.Otherpossiblehealthrisksincludedepressionanddementia.Onerecentstudysuggestedthateatingthesefoodsmayraisetheriskofearlydeath.Foodmanufacturersarguethatprocessingincreasesfoodsafetyandfoodsupplies.____17____Butmanystudiessuggestthatdietshighinultraprocessedfoodsaretiedtopoorhealthresults.Forexample,inonestudy,peopleeatingultraprocessedfoodgainedanaverageofabout1kilogramduringthestudyperiod.____18____Dr.Neena,directorofafoodpolicyprogram,saidsuchfoodsareoftenmadetobebothlow-costandverytasty.“Youjustcan,tstopeatingthem,”shesaid.____19____Theycanmakeregulationsandrulestolimitsaltinthesefoodsandcontrolhowadvertiserssellthefoodstochildren.Neenasuggestsbuyersshouldcheckinformationprintedonfoodcontainersandmakechoicesbasedonthecurrentstateguidelines.____20____Meanwhile,fruitsandvegetableswhichareleastprocesseddousgood,thoughtheymaynottastedelicious.A.Italsoprovidesadiverseandnutritiousdieteasily.B.Forexample,foodwithaddedsugarisn’tgreatforus.C.Eatingsuchfoodsmayleaddirectlytopoorhealthresults.D.Asmallstudywascarriedoutatahealthcenterforamonth.E.Leadersshouldmakefulluseoftheirpowertochangepolicies.F.Whole-grainbreadandyogurtarehighlyprocessed,butnutritious.G.Peopleeatingonlyunprocessedfoodsduringthetimelostabout1kilogram.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹受人們喜愛的深加工食品對身體的危害，以及人們該如何避開這些食物，保護自己的飲食安全?！?6題詳解】由下文“Beingoverweightisonesuchresultandthatmayleadtodiabetesandheartdisease.Otherpossiblehealthrisksincludedepressionanddementia.Onerecentstudysuggestedthateatingthesefoodsmayraisetheriskofearlydeath.(超重就是這樣一個結(jié)果，可能會導(dǎo)致糖尿病和心臟病。其他可能的健康風(fēng)險包括抑郁癥和癡呆癥。最近的一項研究表明，吃這些食物可能會增加早逝的風(fēng)險。)”可知，本段說的是食用深加工食品的危害，而C項Eatingsuchfoodsmayleaddirectlytopoorhealthresults.(吃這些食物可能會直接導(dǎo)致不良的健康結(jié)果。)符合語境，對本段有總括作用，其中poorhealthresults與下文例舉的疾病對應(yīng)。故選C項?！?7題詳解】由上文“Foodmanufacturersarguethatprocessingincreasesfoodsafetyandfoodsupplies.(食品制造商認為，深加工可以提高食品安全和食品供應(yīng)。)”可知，這里是食品加工商為自己的行為辯解，說深加工食品有助于食品安全，而A項Italsoprovidesadiverseandnutritiousdieteasily.(它還可以輕松提供多樣化和營養(yǎng)豐富的飲食。)符合語境，都是食品加工商為自己的行為辯解的理由，其中it代指上文processing，有承上作用。故選A項。【18題詳解】由上文“Forexample,inonestudy,peopleeatingultraprocessedfoodgainedanaverageofabout1kilogramduringthestudyperiod.(例如，在一項研究中，食用超加工食品的人在研究期間平均體重增加了約1公斤。)”可知，吃深度加工食品的人會長胖，而G項Peopleeatingonlyunprocessedfoodsduringthetimelostabout1kilogram.(在此期間，只吃未加工食品的人減掉了約1公斤。)符合語境，與上文形成對比。故選G項?！?9題詳解】由下文“Theycanmakeregulationsandrulestolimitsaltinthesefoodsandcontrolhowadvertiserssellthefoodstochildren.(他們可以制定法規(guī)和規(guī)則來限制這些食物中的鹽，并控制廣告商如何向兒童出售這些食物。)”可知，這里具體說明制定政策的人能從哪些方面去限制深加工食品對人們的影響，而E項Leadersshouldmakefulluseoftheirpowertochangepolicies.(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該充分利用自己的權(quán)力來改變政策。)符合語境，其中Leaders與下文They對應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選E項?！?0題詳解】由上文“Neenasuggestsbuyersshouldcheckinformationprintedonfoodcontainersandmakechoicesbasedonthecurrentstateguidelines.(Neena建議買家應(yīng)該檢查食品容器上打印的信息，并根據(jù)當(dāng)前的州指導(dǎo)方針做出選擇。)”可知，這里建議買家應(yīng)該檢查食品容器上打印的信息，而B項Forexample,foodwithaddedsugarisn’tgreatforus.(例如，添加糖的食物對我們來說并不好。)符合語境，就上文怎么用食品內(nèi)容信息來鑒別食品的好壞進行了舉例說明。故選B項。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AmongthechaosofHurricaneFrancine,adramaticrescueunfoldedonlivetelevision.OntheeveningofWednesday,September11,MilesCrawford,anoff-dutyemergencynurseinLakeview,Louisiana,____21____whenhelearnedsomeonewas____22____inasinkingpickuptruckinfloodwatersjust200feetfromhishome.Ataround8:45p.m.,Crawfordreceiveda(n)____23____textfromhisbrother,sayingthatanewscrewaccidentallycaughta(n)____24____scene.Avehicledivedintoanearbycanalwiththedriverstuckinit.Withouthesitation,Crawfordrantothe____25____.AsCrawfordapproachedthesinkingtruck,apoliceofficertoldhimaboutthe____26____conditions.Despitethewarning,Crawfordquicklytook____27____intohisownhands.Atthesuddenrealizationofthe____28____ofatooltobreakthewindow,hedashedbacktohishousetograbahammer.Whenhe____29____thechest-highfloodwatersandreachedthevehicle,thewaterhad____30____thedriver’schin,andtimewasrunningout.Crawford____31____themantomovetothebackofthetruck,wherethewaterwas____32____shallower,andbrokethebackwindowwithhishammer.Hepulledthemanout,guidedhimthroughthefloodwaters,andhelpedhimclimboverto____33____.Just10minuteslater,thetruck____34____fullyintothewater.Crawfordsaidhisbackgroundasanemergencynursehelpedhimstay____35____throughouttherescue.“I’musedtohighstressandhighlevelofthingsonadailybasis,’’hetoldnewsreporters.21.A.jumpedattheoffer B.sprangintoaction C.drewaconclusion D.rosetohisfeet22.A.recognized B.filled C.caught D.abandoned23.A.unacceptable B.unbelievable C.unavoidable D.unexpected24.A.heartbreaking B.fun-filled C.painstaking D.eye-catching25.A.stage B.concert C.scene D.theatre26.A.unique B.stable C.secure D.dangerous27.A.claims B.matters C.choices D.contributions28.A.delivery B.control C.need D.loss29A.workedout B.checkedout C.lookedinto D.divedinto30.A.attacked B.washed C.reached D.damaged31.A.appointed B.instructed C.threatened D.promised32.A.slightly B.typically C.dramatically D.previously33.A.comfort B.distance C.square D.safety34.A.bumped B.sank C.collapsed D.exploded35.A.calm B.fair C.smart D.different【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.D27.B28.C29.D30.C31.B32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述士邁爾斯·克勞福德救出掉入水中卡車司機的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：9月11日星期三晚上，路易斯安那州湖景市的一名休班急救護士邁爾斯·克勞福德(MilesCrawford)在得知有人在距離他家僅200英尺的洪水中被一輛正在下沉的皮卡車困住后，立即采取了行動。A.jumpedattheoffer 欣然接受提議；B.sprangintoaction迅速采取行動；C.drewaconclusion得出結(jié)論；D.rosetohisfeet站起身來。由下文“Withouthesitation,Crawfordrantothe5.”可知，這里指克勞福德在知道卡車困在水中后“迅速采取行動”。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：9月11日星期三晚上，路易斯安那州湖景市的一名休班急救護士邁爾斯·克勞福德（MilesCrawford）在得知有人在距離他家僅200英尺的洪水中被一輛正在下沉的皮卡車困住后，立即采取了行動。A.recognized認出；B.filled填充；C.caught抓??；D.abandoned遺棄。由下文“withthedriverstuckinit”可知，這里指有人“困陷于”車里，becaughtin，表“陷于”，符合句意。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：晚上8點45分左右，克勞福德收到了他兄弟的一條意外短信，稱一名新聞工作人員意外捕捉到了一個令人心碎的場景。A.unacceptable不可接受的；B.unbelievable難以置信的；C.unavoidable不可避免的；D.unexpected想不到的，意外的。由下文“Avehicledivedintoanearbycanalwiththedriverstuckinit”以及語境可知，這消息是克勞福德“意外”收到的。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：晚上8點45分左右，克勞福德收到了他兄弟的一條意外短信，稱一名新聞工作人員意外捕捉到了一個令人心碎的場景。A.heartbreaking令人心碎的；B.fun-filled充滿樂趣的；C.painstaking艱苦的；D.eye-catching引人注目的。由下文“Avehicledivedintoanearbycanalwiththedriverstuckinit”可知，這是一個“令人心碎的”的場景。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：克勞福德毫不猶豫地跑到了現(xiàn)場。A.stage階段；B.concert音樂會；C.scene場景，現(xiàn)場；D.theatre劇院。由下文“Crawfordapproachedthesinkingtruck”可知，這里指克勞福德到達了“現(xiàn)場”。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)克勞福德走近正在下沉的卡車時，一名警察告訴他危險的情況。A.unique獨特的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.secure安全的；D.dangerous危險的。由下文“Despitethewarning”可知，這里指一名警察告訴他“危險的”情況。故選D項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管有警告，克勞福德還是很快把事情掌握在自己手中。A.claims索賠；B.matters事項；C.choices選項；D.contributions貢獻。由下文“hedashedbacktohishousetograbahammer”可知，這里指克勞福德把救人“事項”掌握在自己手中。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然意識到需要一個工具來打破車窗，他沖回家里抓起一把錘子。A.delivery遞送；B.control遞送；C.need需求，需要；D.loss損失。由下文“hedashedbacktohishousetograbahammer”可知，這里指“需要”用一個工具來打破車窗。故選C項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：當(dāng)他潛入齊胸高的洪水中到達車輛時，水已經(jīng)到達了司機的下巴，時間不多了。A.workedout算出；B.checkedout檢查；C.lookedinto調(diào)查；D.divedinto潛入水中。由下文“thechest-highfloodwaters”以及語境可知，這里指克勞福德“潛入水中”準備救人。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他潛入齊胸高的洪水中到達車輛時，水已經(jīng)到達了司機的下巴，時間不多了。A.attacked攻擊；B.washed洗滌；C.reached達到；D.damaged損壞。由下文“thedriver’schin”以及語境可知，這里指河水快“達到”司機的下巴，司機快被淹了。故選C項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：克勞福德指示該男子移到卡車后部，那里的水稍淺，并用錘子砸碎了后窗。A.appointed任命；B.instructed指示；C.threatened威脅；D.promised承諾。由上文“thewaterhad10thedriver’schin”可知，水已經(jīng)到達了司機的下巴，所以克勞福德“指示”他去卡車后部以免被淹。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：克勞福德指示該男子移到卡車后部，那里的水稍淺，并用錘子砸碎了后窗。A.slightly稍微地；B.typically通常；C.dramatically戲劇性地；D.previously先前地。由下文“shallower”以及語境可知，這里指卡車尾部水“稍微”淺一點。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他把那個人拉了出來，引導(dǎo)他穿過洪水，并幫助他爬到安全地帶。A.comfort舒適；B.distance距離；C.square廣場；D.safety安全。由上文“Hepulledthemanout”以及語境可知，這里指克勞福德把那個人拉了出來并帶他爬到“安全”地帶。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：僅僅10分鐘后，卡車就完全沉入水中。A.bumped撞到；B.sank沉沒；C.collapsed坍塌；D.exploded爆炸。由上文“inasinkingpickuptruck”以及語境可知，這里指10分鐘后，卡車就完全“沉沒”于水中。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：克勞福德說，他作為一名急救護士的背景幫助他在整個救援過程中保持冷靜。A.calm冷靜的；B.fair公平的；C.smart聰明的；D.different不同的。由下文“I’musedtohighstressandhighlevelofthingsonadailybasis”可知，克勞福德習(xí)慣于每天承受高壓力和高水平的事情，所以在整個救人過程中很“冷靜的”。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。GrowingupinGhana,IwasexposedtosomeappealingChinesefilms.Someofthemsetoffmy____36____(curious)abouttheChineselanguageandculture,inspiteof____37____languagebarrier.MyjourneytotheEastbeganin2017almost____38____(accidental),whenIdecidedtostudyChineselanguageandcultureatuniversity.Youcan’timaginemyexcitementwhenIreceivedmyadmissionnoticefrommy____39____(choose)university.Countlesschallenges____40____(accompany)myjo