2022高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish學(xué)案必修5

Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．linguistn． 語言學(xué)家2．motorwayn. (英)高速公路3．undergroundn. (英)地鐵4．subwayn. (美)地鐵5．flashlightn. (美)手電筒；火把6．queuevi. (英)排隊(等候)7．settlern. 移民；定居者8．satelliten. 衛(wèi)星(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．a(chǎn)ccentn. 口音2．switchn. 開關(guān)3．rapidlyadv. 迅速地4．a(chǎn)ttemptn. 努力；嘗試5．distinctiveadj. 與眾不同的6．lookn. 外觀；外表；樣子7．criticisevt. 批評8．standardadj. 標準的(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．obviousadj.顯然的，顯而易見的→obviouslyadv.顯然地2．confusevt.使困惑→confusingadj.令人困惑的；難懂的→confusedadj.感到困惑的→confusionn．困惑3．parevt.比較→parisonn．比較4．varyv．改變→varietyn．種類→variousadj.各種各樣的→variationn.變化5．remarkn．評論；講話→remarkableadj.顯著的；非凡的6．steadyadj.持續(xù)的→steadilyadv.不斷地；持續(xù)地7．a(chǎn)nnouncev．聲明；通知→announcementn．聲明；宣告8．a(chǎn)ddvt.加；增加→additionn．增加；增加物9．simpleadj.簡單的→simplyadv.簡單地；僅僅→simplifyvt.簡化10．differvi.不同，有區(qū)別→differencen．不同；區(qū)別→differentadj.不同的，有區(qū)別的11．binev．結(jié)合；聯(lián)合→binationn．組合；結(jié)合12．referv．參考；查閱→referencen．參考；查閱13．presentvt.陳述；提出(觀點、計劃等)→presentationn.展示；呈現(xiàn)[語境活用]1．Howtoremovetheconfusioninhismindisaproblemthathasconfusedhimalot.(confuse)2．Heseldommakesremark,_butifhedoesso,hewouldmakeitremarkable.(remark)3．Oureconomyhasbeenincreasingsteadilyformanyyears,andthesteadyimprovementisduetothesolidleadershipofourparty.(steady)4．Whenaskedhowhesimplifiedallthoseplicatedprocedure,hesimplysays,“Carryon.”(simple)5．Actually,therearesomedifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandforeignculture,butthelovebetweenpeoplewillneverdifferfromcountrytocountry.(differ)6．Leavesarefoundonvarietiesoftrees,andtheyvarygreatlyinsizeandshape.(vary)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．confusingadj.令人困惑的；難懂的背詞條用法(1)confuseAwith/andB把A和B混淆(2)be/get/beeconfusedwith/about對……感到困惑(3)inconfusion處于混亂狀態(tài)；困惑地背寫作佳句①Thereisalotofjobinformationonline,buttoomuchofitmaysometimesbeconfusing.網(wǎng)上有很多工作信息，但太多的信息有時會讓人困惑。②Ialwaysconfuseyouwith/andyoursister—youlooksoalike.我總是把你和你妹妹搞混了，你們長得太像了。③Somethingunexpectedthrowsmyparents’routineintoconfusion.一些意想不到的事情使我父母的日常生活陷入混亂。2．presentvt.陳述，表達；呈現(xiàn)，展現(xiàn)；贈送；頒發(fā)；提交，提出(觀點、計劃等)adj.出席的，在場的；現(xiàn)在的，目前的n．禮物；贈品；現(xiàn)在背詞條用法(1)presentsb.withsth.向某人贈送某物presentsth.tosb.贈送某人某物(2)bepresentat出席……(3)atpresent＝atthepresenttime目前；現(xiàn)在背寫作佳句①Iameagertoreadyouropinionaboutthebestpresentyouhavereceivedorsent.我很想聽聽你對你收到或送出的最好禮物的看法。②TheprizesaretobepresentedtothewinnersonJune18thfrom3pmto5pm.獎品將于6月18日下午3時至5時頒發(fā)給獲獎?wù)摺＂?2018·北京高考書面表達)Inordertosatisfytheircuriosity,Imadeapresentationonhowtomaketea.為了滿足他們的好奇心，我做了一個關(guān)于如何泡茶的報告。3．a(chǎn)ttemptn．努力；嘗試；企圖vt.嘗試；企圖背詞條用法(1)makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.試圖做某事atone’s/thefirstattempt第一次嘗試、(2)attempttodo/atdoingsth.試圖做某事背寫作佳句①HeisdeterminedtopasstheoralEnglishinterviewathisfirstattempt.他決心第一次就通過英語口語面試。②Themanisbeingquestionedinrelationtotheattemptedmurderlastnight.那人正在就昨晚的謀殺未遂案接受訊問。③(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)HearingyouarehostingaChinesepaintingexhibition,Iattempttoapplytobeavolunteerfortheevent.得知你們要舉辦中國畫展覽，我試圖申請成為這次活動的志愿者。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．have_..._in_mon 有相同的特點2．make_a_difference 有影響，使不相同3．get_around 四處走動(旅行)4．be_similar_to 與……相似5．lead_to 引起；導(dǎo)致6．in_favour_of 同意；支持7．refer_to_...as_... 稱……為……8．thanks_to 多虧，幸虧eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．makeadifference有影響；使不相同；起作用背相關(guān)短語makeaface做鬼臉makeamistake犯錯誤makearule制定一個規(guī)則makeanapology道歉makeanappointment預(yù)約背寫作佳句①IhopeIcanmakegreatprogresseverydayhereandmakeadifferenceinthefuture.我希望我能在這里每天都取得很大的進步，在未來有所作為。②ImadeaphonecalltoMrLitomadeanappointmentwithhimyesterday.昨天我給李先生打了個，和他預(yù)約好了。2．leadto引起；導(dǎo)致；通向背相關(guān)短語(1)leadsb.to＋n.帶領(lǐng)某人去/進入……leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事(2)leada...life過著……的生活leadtheway引路，帶路背寫作佳句①ItisunbelievablethatMrLucasleadsasimplelifedespitehisgreatwealth.令人難以置信的是，盧卡斯先生雖然很富有，卻過著簡樸的生活。②Asisknowntousall,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.眾所周知，成功源于勤奮，而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it’satorch.(while用作并列連詞)美國人把手電筒稱為flashlight，而英國人叫它torch。佳句①(2019·江蘇高考書面表達)LiJiangsuggeststraditionalChineseclotheswhileSuHuathinkstheschooluniformsaremoresuitable.李江建議穿中國傳統(tǒng)服裝，而蘇華認為校服更合適。佳句②Girlsinourschoolarefondoflisteningtopopsongs,whiletheboyslikeDJmusic.我們學(xué)校的女孩喜歡聽流行歌曲，而男孩喜歡DJ音樂。2．ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.[havedifficulty(in)doingsth.意為“做某事有困難”]倫敦人要聽懂來自格拉斯哥的蘇格蘭人說話比聽懂紐約人說話更難。佳句①IhavegreatdifficultyinunderstandingtheEnglishnovel,letaloneenjoyingit.我很難理解這本英文小說，更不用說欣賞它了。佳句②Ourteacherwantstoknowwhetherwehavetroublelivinginthisnewschool.我們的老師想知道我們在這所新學(xué)校生活是否有困難。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．WearesupposedtolearnEnglishwellbecausehavingagoodmandofEnglishmeansmoreopportunitiesinthefuture.我們理應(yīng)學(xué)好英語，因為精通英語意味著在將來有更多的機會。2．BylearningEnglishwecanbroadenourhorizonsandincreaseourknowledgeinvariousfields.通過學(xué)英語我們能夠開闊視野，增加我們在各個領(lǐng)域的知識。3．KeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneoftheeffectivewaystoimproveourEnglishwritingability.用英語寫日記是提高我們的英語寫作能力的有效途徑之一。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點——推薦信(一)[題目要求]假定你是李華，你的朋友Vincent發(fā)郵件告訴你他要和家人來中國旅行，希望你能給他推薦一些有特色的旅游景點。請你回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．推薦的景點及原因；2.良好的祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearVincent，Learningfromyourlastemailthatyou’llpayavisittoChinawithyourfamily,I’mmorethandelightedtoremendalistoftouristattractionstoyouindetail.Astheoldsayinggoes,“OnewhofailstoreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”Asoneoftheworldwonders,theGreatWallisregardedasthesymbolofChina,whichyoucan’taffordtomiss.Additionally,withahistoryofhundredsofyears,theSummerPalacereflectstypicalancientChinesearchitecturalartandwisdom.VisitingitbyyourselfisboundtogreatlyIsincerelyhopethatmyremendationcanbeofsomehelptoyou.MayyouallhaveagoodtimeduringyourstayinChina!Iftherestillexistfurtherquestions,pleasecontactmewithouthesitation.Yours，LiHua[學(xué)亮點]1．學(xué)謀篇布局2．學(xué)亮麗開頭開頭首先用Learningfromyourlastemailthat表明了寫信的背景，然后引出“推薦旅游景點”這一寫信目的。表述自然流暢，用morethandelighted更是體現(xiàn)推薦的心情之熱烈。3．學(xué)高級表達(1)使用高級詞匯和語塊，如：alistoftouristattractions,thesymbolof,withahistoryof,reflect,beboundto,promote,beofsomehelp等。(2)熟練使用高級句式，如：現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語Learningfromyourlastemailthatyou’llpay...；非限制性定語從句Astheoldsayinggoes和whichyoucan’taffordtomiss；動名詞短語作主語Visitingitbyyourself；條件狀語從句Iftherestillexistfurtherquestions等。(3)恰當運用了諺語，如：OnewhofailstoreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.這為文章增添了亮點，提升了文章的檔次。4．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾先用Isincerelyhopethat...表達希望自己的推薦能使對方滿意。接著用感嘆句Mayyouallhaveagoodtime...！表達了祝愿。最后用一個條件狀語從句表達了愿意幫助對方的心情。總之，尾段從字里行間，讓對方能深刻感受到真摯與熱情。5．防微點失分考生容易把“Asoneoftheworldwonders...”中的wonders誤用成wonder，或容易忽略主謂一致把“Iftherestillexistfurtherquestions...”中的exist錯用成exists，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Dowehavetolowerourexpectationandourstandard(標準)ofliving?2．Asamatteroffact,hecan’thidehisheight,norhisRussianaccent(口音，腔調(diào))．3．Eveninthesameorsimilar(相似的)cultures,therecanbesignificantmisunderstandings.4．AlthoughIwasboilinginside,inpublicIdefendedthenewstructure(機構(gòu))．5.Agriculturehasdevelopedrapidly(迅速地),thusprovidinglightindustrywithamplerawmaterials.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加藍部分的漢語意思1．Forastandardlaboratory,avariationof±0.5Fmaybeunacceptable. 變化2．He’sthemanager’ssonbutthatdoesn’tqualifyhimtocriticisemywork. 批評，指責3．(熟詞生義)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissister. 和……換班4．(熟詞生義)ThePresidentagreed,addingthathehopedforpeacefulsolution.補充說5．(熟詞生義)(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentittoNASA. 提交6．(熟詞生義)Thebookwillbeeastandardusefulreferenceoneverymanager’sbookshelf. 受歡迎的Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．You’reobviously(obvious)worriedaboutsomething,whynotgetitoffyourchest?2.Inmanypartsoftheworldnowadays,thefarmlaborforceisrunningdownsteadily(steady)．3．Thegovernment’sannouncement(announce)isseenasamovetowardssettlingthestrike.4.Itisbelievedthatthejewelryshopprovidesgold,silverandjewelryatfavorable(favor)prices.5．Therearevarioustoys,andvaryinprices.(vary)6．Hemadesimpleremarksonherremarkableachievements.(remark)名師點撥“一站清”(1)“迅速地”集合：rapidly,quickly，fast，swiftly，suddenly，atfullspeed(飛速)。(2)“穩(wěn)定地”拓展：steadily,stably,solidly。(3)“偏愛(favor)”用法：可用作名詞：贊同，偏袒，喜愛；也可用作動詞：偏袒，較喜歡。拓展的形容詞有：favorable(有利的，贊成的，討人喜歡的)；favourite(特別喜愛的)，后者無最高級形式。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．confusing[明其義]adj.令人困惑的；難懂的[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Iwouldoftengetconfused(confuse)whenIcameacrossnewwordswithasimilarspelling.②Therewasaconfusedlookonhisfacewhenhemetwithaconfusingproblem.(confuse)③Toavoidconfusion(confuse),pleasewritethechildren’snamesclearlyonalltheirschoolclothes.(2)補全句子④(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)LearningthatyouareabouttopayavisittoaChinesefriendandconfused_about_the_Chinese_customs,_Iamwritingtoputforwardsomeadvice.得知你即將拜訪一位中國朋友，并對中國的風(fēng)俗感到困惑，我寫信是想提出一些建議。[解其困]v．-ing形式的形容詞意為“令人……的”；v.-ed形式的形容詞表示“人”所處的狀態(tài)，意為“感到……的”。另外，修飾face,look,expression,voice等時，常用v.-ed形式的形容詞。2．present[明其義]vt.陳述，表達；呈現(xiàn)，展現(xiàn)；贈送；頒發(fā)；提交，提出(觀點、計劃等)adj.出席的，在場的；現(xiàn)在的，目前的n．禮物；贈品；現(xiàn)在[通其用](1)寫出下列各句中present的詞性和含義①(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)AndIhopethatallofyouwillbepresentthereontime.adj.到場的②Personally,Ithinkthebestpresentisnotnecessarilythemostexpensiveone.n. 禮物③Giftsarepresentedtoeveryonewhoesintothestoretobuyourgoods.vt. 贈送④Classicworks,writtenbymasters,presentgreatthoughtsthroughfascinatingstoriesandlanguage.vt. 表達⑤Andthosewholookonlytothepastorthepresentarecertaintomissthefuture.n. 現(xiàn)在(2)單句語法填空/補全句子⑥Todowhatyoushoulddoatpresentisthekeytosuccess.⑦Howyoureadthe_present_situationisessentialwhendesignthesolutions.在設(shè)計解決方案時，如何看待當前的形勢至關(guān)重要。[解其困]present用作形容詞，表示“出席的，在場的”時，通常作表語或后置定語；表示“現(xiàn)在的，目前的”時，常用作前置定語。3．a(chǎn)ttempt[明其義]n．努力；嘗試；企圖vt.嘗試；企圖[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Theboysmadeanattempttoleaveforcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.②Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedto_show(show)thattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.③Hedeniesattempting(attempt)tomurderhiswifebutit’snouse.(2)補全句子④Don’texpecttopassthedrivingtestat_your/the_first_attempt.Afterall,you’vebeenlearningtodriveforonlyacoupleofdays.不要期望第一次嘗試就通過駕駛測試，畢竟，你學(xué)開車只學(xué)了幾天。[解其困]attempt/trytodosth.“試用/努力做某事”；managetodosth.“設(shè)法做成某事”；succeedindoingsth.“成功地做某事”。學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空have...inmon，makeadifference，getaround，besimilarto，leadto，infavourof，referto...as...，thanksto，stepbystep，makeanattemptto1.Ifyouwanttoobtainknowledge,youmustlearnstep_by_step.2．OurEnglishteachercantellushowwecanmake_a_differencerightnowatclass.3．Pleaseehereearlierandseewhatyouandthescientisthave_in_mon.4．Hewantstobeadmittedbythepanywhichhasmade_an_attempt_tobreakintotheAmericanmarket.5．Itwasanabsurdarrangement,andboundtolead_tocatastrophe.6.IstillconstantlyrecalltheexperiencewhenIstoppedthecarveryquicklythanks_tothegoodbrakes.7.Ifyouwanttomakeitausefultrip,get_aroundandmakesomefriends.8．Whenthehousewasbuilt,thosewhohavesometemptinanyway,likedtorefer_toitasa“perfect.”9．Thereisneedofastrongpublicopinionin_favour_oflibertyitself.10．Letussupposeanotherplanetwithconditionsthatare_similar_tothoseontheearth.名師點撥“一站清”(1)stepbystep“逐步地”。關(guān)于step的其他短語：stepby“走過”；stepin“介入，干預(yù)”；takesteps“采取措施”；stepout“走出去”；stepback“后退”。(2)thanksto“多虧了，由于”，與此意思相近的短語還有：onaccountof,becauseof,resultfrom,owingto,dueto等。(3)getaround“到處走走，傳開”，其中，get可作系動詞。其他既可以作實義動詞，還可作系動詞的詞還有：appear“出現(xiàn)/顯得”；go“去/變得”；prove“證明/證明是，結(jié)果是”；grow“成長/變得”；e“來/變得”；run“跑/運行”；fall“降落/進入某種狀態(tài)，開始變成”。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較leadtoVSbringaboutVSresultinVScausedby比較①Itisfoundoutthatoneinsevenaccidentsis_caused_bysleepydrivers.②Smokingwillbring_aboutlotsofbadresultswhichmaycausecancer.③Thereisahighwaybehindmyvillage,whichcanlead_toPekingintheend.④Suchawarcouldresult_intheuseofchemicalandbiologicalweapons.辨清leadto“通往，導(dǎo)致”；bringabout“引起，帶來”；resultin“導(dǎo)致”；causedby“被……造成”。[句式的驗收盤點]havedifficulty(in)doingsth.意為“做某事有困難”[通其用]補全句子①Theyhaddifficultyinworking_out_the_difficult_math_problems.他們在解這些數(shù)學(xué)難題時遇到了困難。②Ihavesometroublein_reading_her_handwriting.我認出她的筆跡有些困難。③Wehadnotrouble(in)_finding_his_house.我們沒費力就找到了他的家。④Mariahas_much_trouble_understanding_math,_sosheoftenaskshermathteacherforhelp.瑪麗亞很難理解數(shù)學(xué)，所以她經(jīng)常請求數(shù)學(xué)老師幫助。[解其困]用法規(guī)則(1)difficulty前可用great,much,some,any,no,little等詞修飾。(2)havedifficulty/trouble/problems/ahardtimewithsth.“在某事上有難處”。(3)Thereisnodifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth./withsth.“做某事/在某事上沒有困難”。注意事項(1)在考查句型havedifficulty(in)doingsth.時，difficulty往往提前作為主句中的先行詞，定語從句中謂語成為havedoing形式。(2)在havedifficulty(in)doingsth.中的difficulty是不可數(shù)名詞。學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2018全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀理解C篇——對接課標主題：語言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律、方法等（一）精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中藍體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Languageshavebeeningandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlessingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulated①byhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.eq\o(Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10，000yearsago，whentheworldhadjust,\s\do4(1))fivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.[2]Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobeefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettled②andfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalpulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettermunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchas③English,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover④.[3]Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.⑤[4]Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.［析微點·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］①微積累——重難點詞匯populatev． 居住于；生活于bepopulatedby... 聚居；棲息通句式——句子(1)中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞10,000yearsago。②微積累——熟詞生義：settledadj.穩(wěn)定的；不太可能變動的 (熟義)adj.習(xí)慣的 (生義)③微技法——根據(jù)舉例法猜測詞義：dominant可利用下文中的提示詞suchas猜測詞義。常見的表示舉例的提示詞有：suchas,forexample,forinstance等。④微積累——take短語小結(jié)：takeover 接管；占支配地位的；占優(yōu)勢的takeup 拿起；開始從事；占用takedown 寫下；記下takein 吸收；欺騙；領(lǐng)會takeoff 脫掉；起飛；成功takeon 雇用；呈現(xiàn)；承擔⑤微技法——根據(jù)語法知識，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)解題：根據(jù)which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，可知目前世界上有一半的語言的使用人數(shù)少于6000，也就是說有大約3400種語言的使用人數(shù)少于6000。[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律]

（二）解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]28．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywerecloselyconnected.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，一些語言專家認為，一萬年前，當世界上只有500萬到1000萬人時，他們之間可能說12000種語言。由此可推斷，狩獵時代的語言種類很多。29．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A．plex. B．Advanced.C．Powerful. D．Modern.解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句可知，人類社會發(fā)展的很多因素導(dǎo)致許多語言消失，而英語、西班牙語、漢語等語言逐漸占主導(dǎo)地位，故選C項powerful(強大的，有影響力的)。30．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800. B．About3,400.C．About2,400. D．About1,200.解析：選B數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，目前世界上有大約6800種語言；再根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，目前世界上一半的語言的使用人數(shù)少于6000，也就是說有大約3400種語言的使用人數(shù)少于6000。31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Newlanguageswillbecreated.B．People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.解析：選C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句和第二段可知，隨著社會的發(fā)展，尤其是工業(yè)化、全球化以來，很多語言已經(jīng)消失，即人類社會的發(fā)展使得世界上語言的種類越來越少。故選C。[為什么考·有何價值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第31題主要考查學(xué)生的概括性思維。文章通過引用數(shù)字和舉例子的方法來說明隨著工業(yè)化和全球化的發(fā)展，世界上的語言的種類越來越少。本題的答案單獨從某一段中是得不出來的，需要對文章整體理解，對各段段意歸納總結(jié)，然后概括才能得出正確答案，這需要考生具有較強的概括歸納能力。二、聚焦核心價值本文主要說明了隨著人類社會的發(fā)展，語言的使用也在發(fā)生變化，特別是由于人類生活方式的變化而導(dǎo)致了世界上語言種類的減少。文章旨在讓人們意識到隨著全球化時代的到來，原本世界上豐富多彩的語言有加速消失的風(fēng)險。語言既是一種交流工具，又是一個民族的符號和身份的象征。語言的多樣性是文化多樣性的重要組成部分。文章啟發(fā)我們要對當今世界上的各種語言和文化保持客觀、開放和包容的態(tài)度。作為中華民族的一員，人人有責任保護、發(fā)展和使用好我們自己的語言。這也是時代賦予我們的使命。（三）借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Beforeallthis，theislandwaspopulatedbynativeAmericanArawaks.2．Itisuniversally(universal)knownthatweChinesearehard-workingandbrave.3．Speechisthefastestmethodofmunication_(municate)betweenpeople.4．Whowillinchargeofthedistribution(distribute)offoodandclothingtothefloodvictims?5．Ifhecouldn’tfindhiswayoutofforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．Ⅱ.補全句子1．With_the_development_of_technology(隨著科技的發(fā)展),ourlifeisbeingmoreandmoreconvenient.2．ThemanagerdecidedthatIwastheidealpersontotake_over(接管)thejob.3．Itisagreathonourformetobeinvitedtomake_a_speech(做演講)here.Ⅲ.分析長難句Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelynewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是含有一個表語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是Thegeneralrule,is是系動詞。其中that引導(dǎo)表語從句；在表語從句中，while用作并列連詞，表示前后對比。[句意翻譯]一般的規(guī)律是，溫帶的語言種類相對較少，且通常有許多人使用，而炎熱、潮濕的區(qū)域則有很多種語言，通常有少量的人使用。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作假定你是李華，你的外國朋友Tim來信說他對中文特別感興趣，想學(xué)習(xí)中文，希望你能給他提出一些建議。請給Tim寫一封回信。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：DearTim，IamverygladtohearthatyouareinterestedinChineseandeagertolearnit.It’smypleasuretoofferyousomesuggestionsonit.Firstofall,learningChinesetakestimesoyoushouldspendasmuchtimeasyoucan.What’smore，itisveryimportanttouseChinesewheneveryoucan.ThemoreyouuseChinese,thebetteryouwilllearnit.Lastbutnotleast,you’dbetterwatchChinesefilmsandreadChinesenewspapers.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Yours，LiHua課下主題訓(xùn)練語言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律、方法等Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATeachingEnglishisthebestwaytogetpaidtotraveltheworld.Flexible(靈活的)hours,paidholidays,andpaidacmodationsarejustsomeofthereasonswhyteachingEnglishisfitforthosewhowanttotakeagapyearabroad.FlexibleHours!Teacherscanchoosetheirhoursinmanyteachingabroadprograms,soifyouwanttospendadaywalkinginthecity,takingacookingclass,readingabook,learninganewlanguage,orsimplyrestingunderatree,teachingEnglishgivesyouthatflexibilitytoletyourselfexperiencethenewculture.TelluswhatyouwoulddoforfuninanothercountryandgetafreeTeachingEnglishtoYoungLearnerscoursewhenyoutaketheadvanced120-hourTESOLcourse!PaidHolidays!Ourpaidteachingabroadprogramsincludepaidholidays,soyoucantakeafewweekstotravelanywhereintheworld.SaveMoneytoTravel!TESOLincludesacmodations.Manyalsoprovideteacherswithtransportationandhealthinsurance(保險)．Whenyouhaveallyourlivingcostspaidfor,youcanuseeverydollarthatyouearnwhenteachingEnglishabroadtohavefunandtravel!Whatareyouwaitingfor？GoAbroad!TESOLoffersfreejobplacementtocertificated(有執(zhí)業(yè)資格的)teachers.Youdon’tevenneedadegreeinEducationorateachinglicensetoteachEnglishabroad.ATESOLcertificationisyourkeytoleavingyour9-to-5jobandgettingpaidtotraveltheworld.TheTESOLcoursewillgiveyouallthetrainingthatyouneedtoteachEnglish.Itonlytakes120hoursofTESOLtrainingtogetqualifiedtoteachabroadandyoucanpletethecoursein4weeks!語篇解讀：去國外教英語是帶薪環(huán)游世界的最好的方法：它可以提供靈活的時間、帶薪假期、免費食宿。參加TESOL課程，拿一份證書，你就可以實現(xiàn)這個愿望了。1．WhenyouteachEnglishabroad,you________.A．don’thavetopayforyourtravelsB．cantravelatyourownconvenienceC．a(chǎn)reabletolearnsomelocallanguagesD．havetopayforhealthinsurancebyyourself解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，在教授英語的過程中，可以有靈活的時間前往各地旅游。2．WhatcanyougetifyouattendtheTESOLcourse?A．Freetransportation. B．Freesafetyinsurance.C．AdegreeinEducation. D．Ateachinglicense.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Manyalsoprovideteacherswithtransportation”可知，很多TESOL課程還為老師提供交通費用，故選A項。3．Whichsectionofanewspaperisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Nature. B．Business.C．Advertisement. D．Sports.解析：選C文章出處題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了在國外教英語的好處，而參加TESOL課程能夠取得在國外教學(xué)的資格，因此文章最可能是推廣TESOL課程的廣告。BBettySchrampferAzarisaworld-famousexpertonteachingEnglishgrammar.Herearesomeofheropinions.Whydostudentsneedtolearngrammar？Whenteachersaredecidingwhichgrammarpointstoteach,theyshouldfirstasktwoquestions.First,willunderstandingthepointhelpstudentsbeunderstoodandwillithelpthemunderstandbetter？Next,willlearningthegrammarpointhelpstudentsbeacceptableasEnglishspeakers?Peopleusuallythinkthatgrammarisallaboutmemorizingrules.Infact,grammarisnotjustlearningrules.Itisawaytohelpstudentsalongthewaytomunication.Teachersshouldknowthatstudentsdonotalllearninthesameway.Eachmayhaveadifferentlearningstylewhenitestolearninggrammar.Somemayseeapatternandunderstandtherule.Othersneedexplanationsandmorepractice.“Buttoteachgrammarassubjectmatterandtestitasthoughyouweretestingthememorizationofdatesinhistoryissuretoboreeverybodyandnottoreachthegoalsthatyouaretryingtoreach—successfulmunicationexperiences，”shesays.Whydosometeachershateteachinggrammar？Manyteachersarenotfortableteachinggrammarbecausetheydonotknowhowtoanswertheirstudents’questions.“MostnativespeakersofEnglishdon’tlearnitinschool，”shesays.“Ifyoudon’tknowanygrammarofyourownlanguageandthenyouareaskedtoteachit,it’spossiblethatyourstudentsmayknowmoregrammarthanyouandyoucan’tanswertheirquestions.”Canteachinggrammarreallybefun？Teachersshouldlearntomaketheteachingofgrammarfun.Shesays，“MystudentsenjoylearninggrammarasmuchasIenjoyteachingit.Ithinkgrammarisfascinating.Itholdslanguagetogether.Itisreallybeautifulwhenyougettoknowit.Grammarisquitearemarkable(非凡的)thing.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了語法專家BettySchrampferAzar對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)語法和老師教語法的一些看法。4．Whatshouldteachersdobeforeteachinggrammarpoints?A．Knowthespecificgoalofteachinggrammar.B．Developagoodteachingstyle.C．Findoutstudents’learningneeds.D．Letstudentsmemorizesomerules.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“theyshouldfirstasktwoquestions...”可知，老師首先應(yīng)該問自己兩個問題，明確教語法的目標。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?A．Memorizingrules. B．Grammar.C．Learningrules. D．Practice.解析：選B代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段中的“grammarisallaboutmemorizingrules.Infact,grammarisnotjustlearningrules”可知，這里闡述的是學(xué)語法的問題，因此選B。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutgrammaraccordingtoBettySchrampferAzar?A．Grammarshouldbetaughtasasubject.B．Nativespeakersdon’tneedtolearngrammar.C．Differentstudentslearngrammarindifferentways.D．It’susefultomemorizeruleswhenstudentslearngrammar.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Teachersshouldknowthatstudentsdonotalllearninthesameway.Eachmayhaveadifferentlearningstylewhenitestolearninggrammar.”可知，不同的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)語法的方法不盡相同。7．WhatdoesBettySchrampferAzarthinkofgrammar?A．Boring. B．Beautiful.C．Hardtoteach. D．Easytolearn.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...Ienjoyteachingit.Ithinkgrammarisfascinating.Itholdslanguagetogether.Itisreallybeautiful”可知，BettySchrampferAzar認為語法是美麗的。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Every