商務(wù)英語閱讀（第3冊(cè)）（第二版）課件 Unit 6 Business Innovation

商務(wù)英語閱讀3UNIT6BUSINESSINNOVATIONLearningObjectivesUnderstandtheimportanceofbusinessinnovation.Learnaboutthewayshowtrainersareproducedcurrently.

ExplorethemeasuresNikehastakeninresponsetotheintensecompetitionfromthemarket.

UnderstandAdidas’smotivationforbuildingtheSpeedfactories.Learnaboutthemeasurestoencourageandimplementbusinessinnovation.CONTENTS01.TextA02.

TextB03.ChineseValuesTheNewManufacturingFootprintTextAWarmingupWhatisbusinessinnovation?2.Howimportantisinnovationtoabusiness?WordsandExpressionsramp…up:

tomakesth.increaseinamount使…的數(shù)量增加Producerscanquicklyrampupproduction.WordsandExpressionsspringup:

appearordevelopquicklyand/orsuddenly迅速出現(xiàn)；突然興起Fast-foodrestaurantsarespringingupallovertown.WordsandExpressionsrollout:

toofficiallymakeanewproductavailableorstartanewpoliticalcampaign

正式推出（新產(chǎn)品）；開展（新的政治運(yùn)動(dòng)）ThenewmodelistoberolledoutinJuly.WordsandExpressionsoutsource

v.toarrangeforsb.outsideacompanytodoworkorprovidegoodsforthatcompany交外辦理；外購(GMAT)

Weoutsourceallourcomputingwork.WordsandExpressionsloom

v.toappearimportantorthreateningandlikelytohappensoon顯得突出；逼近(CET6;TEM4)

Aneconomiccrisisisloomingonthehorizon.WordsandExpressionswherewithaln.

themoney,thingsorskillthatyouneedinordertobeabletodosth.（做某事的）所需資金，必要的設(shè)備，所需技術(shù)Someofthecompaniesillegallysentthewherewithalformakingchemicalweapons.WordsandExpressionsmonotonousadj.

Somethingthatismonotonousisveryboringbecauseithasaregular,repeatedpatternwhichneverchanges.單調(diào)的(CET6;TEM4)

It’smonotonouswork,likemostfactoryjobs.WordsandExpressionsretoolv.

tochangeorreplacethemachinesortoolsinafactory更換，重新裝配（機(jī)器設(shè)備）Eachtimetheproductchanges,themachineshavetoberetooled.WordsandExpressionsreplenishv.

tomakesth.fullagainbyreplacingwhathasbeenused補(bǔ)充；重新裝滿(TEM8;IELTS;GRE)

Theinsurancefundwillneedtobereplenished.WordsandExpressionssimulatev.

tomakeorproducesomethingthatisnotrealbuthastheappearanceorfeelingofbeingreal模擬，模仿(CET6;TEM8;GRE;GMAT)

Interviewscanbesimulatedintheclassroom.WordsandExpressionsarmyn.

alargenumberofpeopleorthings,especiallywhentheyareorganizedinsomewayorinvolvedinaparticularactivity大批；大群(CET4;TEM4)

Armiesofshoppersarelookingforbargains.WordsandExpressionssyntheticadj.

artificial;madebycombiningchemicalsubstancesratherthanbeingproducednaturallybyplantsoranimals人造的；（人工）合成的(CET4;TEM4;GMAT)

Bootsmadefromsyntheticmaterialscanusuallybewashedinamachine.WordsandExpressionscustomisev.

tomakeorchangesth.tosuittheneedsoftheowner訂制，訂做，改制（以滿足顧主的需要）Youcancustomisethesoftwareinseveralways.WordsandExpressionsbespokeadj.

(ofaproduct產(chǎn)品)madespecially,accordingtotheneedsofanindividualcustomer訂做的(GRE)

Inthebasementfifteenemployeesarebusymakingbespokecoats.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainIdeaParas.1-6Adidaspreparesahigh-techplanttobringproductionoftrainersbacktoGermany.Paras.7-12Inacompetitiveandtrend-drivenmarket,bothAdidasandNiketakemeasurestomaketheirproductslookandperformdifferently.NotesonTextA1.Bavaria:Afreestateandoneof16federalstatesofGermany.LocatedintheGermansoutheastwithanareaof70,548squarekilometers,BavariaisthelargestGermanstateandGermany’ssecondmostpopulousstate.Munich,Bavaria’scapitalandlargestcity,isthethirdlargestcityinGermany.NotesonTextA巴伐利亞州，位于德國(guó)南部，面積約占德國(guó)國(guó)土面積的五分之一，是德國(guó)幅員最大的聯(lián)邦州。首府慕尼黑是該州的文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)中心，是德國(guó)的第三大城市。NotesonTextA2.Ansbach:AcityintheGermanstateofBavaria.安斯巴赫，是德國(guó)巴伐利亞州的一座直轄市。

NotesonTextA3.3Dprinting:Alsoknownasadditivemanufacturing(AM).Itreferstoprocessesusedtocreateathree-dimensionalobjectinwhichsuccessivelayersofmaterialareformedundercomputercontroltocreateanobject.Objectscanbeofalmostanyshapeorgeometryandareproducedusingdigitalmodeldatafroma3DmodeloranotherelectronicdatasourcesuchasanAdditiveManufacturingFile(AMF)file.NotesonTextA3D打印,，又稱增材制造，是一種以數(shù)字模型文件為基礎(chǔ)，運(yùn)用粉末狀金屬或塑料等可粘合材料，通過逐層打印的方式來構(gòu)造物體的技術(shù)。3D打印通常是采用數(shù)字技術(shù)材料打印機(jī)來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，常在模具制造、工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)等領(lǐng)域被用于制造模型，后逐漸用于一些產(chǎn)品的直接制造。NotesonTextA4.Biosteel:Anartificialsilkfibermadefromrecombinantlyproducedsilkproteins.ThesilktechnologyhasbeendevelopedbyAMSilkGmbH,aGermanindustrialbiotechnologycompany.Itisreportedly7-10timesasstrongassteelifcomparedforthesameweight,andcanstretchupto20timesitsunalteredsizewithoutlosingitsstrengthproperties.Italsohasveryhighresistancetoextremetemperatures,notlosinganyofitspropertieswithin-20to330degreesCelsius.Biosteel纖維（仿造天然絲線），是一種纖維材料，可以100%自然生物降解。NotesonTextA5.Beaverton:AcityinWashingtonCounty,intheU.S.stateofOregon.TheNikeCompanyisheadquarterednearthiscity.比佛頓，美國(guó)俄勒岡州西北一城市，位于波特蘭西部。DiscussionForabusiness,whatcanbedonetoencourageinnovation?ExercisesI.ReadingComprehension1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheSpeedfactories?A.TheAnsbachSpeedfactoryisbeingconstructedwithalocalfirmmanufacturingequipment.B.AnotherSpeedfactoryisbeingbuiltnearAtlanta.C.ProductionoftheSpeedfactorieswillincreaseto500,000pairsoftrainersayear.D.TheincreaseoflabormakesAdidasbuildtheSpeedfactories.Exercises2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredabouttheAdidas’snewproductionsystem?A.Somedetailsoftheproductionsystemhavebeenreleased.B.Themachinesusedinthissystemwillbehighlyefficient.C.Materialsusedtomakenewtrainersmustbeordered.D.Themachinesusedinthissystemcannotchangerapidlyfrommakingonethingtoanother,becausetheyhavetoreceiveinstructionsfromacomputer-designprogram.Exercises3.WhichofthefollowingproceduresinmakingnewtrainerscannotbefinishedautomaticallyintheSpeedfactories?A.Finalshaping.B.Additivemanufacturing.C.Computerizedknitting.D.Roboticcutting.Exercises4.“Adidas’sarchrivalNikewillnotjustsitonthetouchline.”(Para.12)Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmean?A.Sitonthesideoftheplayingfield.B.Lookonanddonothing.C.Takecountermeasures.D.Befacedwiththecompetition.Exercises5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Trainer-makingindustryhasbeenfullyautomated.B.TwoSpeedfactorieshavebeenbuiltbyAdidas.C.Competitioninthesportsshoesmarketisbecomingincreasinglytough.D.Thetechniqueof3DprintingisonlyadoptedinAdidas’sSpeedfactories.ExercisesII.A1-5:DBCCA 6-10:CABCBExercisesII.B1.tookshape 2.springingup 3.dueto 4.leavingbehind5.keepup

6.comingupwith7.workedup8.rollout 9.fashionedfrom10.builtupExercisesIII.1-5:CIHFM

6-10:KJNOD

ExercisesIV.Translation1.Bybringingproductionhome,thisfactoryisouttoreinventanindustry.這家工廠通過將生產(chǎn)線引入國(guó)內(nèi)，正試圖重塑這個(gè)行業(yè)。Exercises2.Thenumbersaretinyforacompanythatmakessome300mpairsofsportsshoeseachyear.YetAdidasisconvincedtheSpeedfactorywillhelpittotransformthewaytrainersarecreated.對(duì)于每年生產(chǎn)約3億雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋的公司來說，這些數(shù)字很小。然而阿迪達(dá)斯確信，Speedfactory將有助于改變運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋的生產(chǎn)方式。Exercises3.Peoplewantfashionableshoesimmediately,butthesupplychainstrugglestokeepup.人們想立刻買到時(shí)尚的鞋子，但供應(yīng)鏈勉強(qiáng)能滿足需求。Exercises4.Thedesignprocessitselfisincreasinglydonedigitally.Thetrainersarenotjuststyledonacomputerscreenbutcanalsobetestedbythecomputerforthingslikefitandperformance.設(shè)計(jì)過程本身日益數(shù)字化。運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋不僅在計(jì)算機(jī)屏幕上進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，還可以通過計(jì)算機(jī)測(cè)試適合度及性能等。Exercises5.Insuchacompetitiveandtrend-drivenmarket,onethingiscertain:Adidas’sarchrivalNikewillnotjustsitonthetouchline.在這樣一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈、時(shí)尚驅(qū)動(dòng)的市場(chǎng)中，有一點(diǎn)是確定的：阿迪達(dá)斯的主要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手耐克也不會(huì)坐以待斃。ANewModeltoSparkInnovationInsideBigCompaniesTextBWordsandExpressionsscrappy

adj.

havinga

determinedcharacter

andalwayswillingto

compete,

argue,orfight

好爭(zhēng)斗的；爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好勝的(GRE)NaturalathleteRolloandhis

scrappy

rivalPicklehavehadafewweeksofpracticeandarenowexpertracers.WordsandExpressionsintrapreneur

n.someonewhoworksforalargecompanyandwhose

job

isto

develop

new

ideas

orwaysofdoing

businessforthatcompany

內(nèi)部企業(yè)家(在大公司內(nèi)負(fù)責(zé)開發(fā)新計(jì)劃和新的經(jīng)營(yíng)方式)WordsandExpressionsprowess

n.

greatskillatdoingsth

非凡的技能；高超的技藝；造詣(TEM8;GRE)

He‘salwaysbraggingabouthis

prowess

asacricketer.WordsandExpressionsstringentadj.(ofalaw,rule,regulation,etc.)

verystrictandthatmustbeobeyed

（法律、規(guī)則、規(guī)章等）嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的(TEM8;GRE)

Heannouncedthattherewouldbemorestringentcontrolsonthepossessionofweapons.

WordsandExpressionsuphillbattlesomethingthatisdifficulttowinandtakesalotofeffortoveralongperiodoftime

漫長(zhǎng)而艱難的、費(fèi)力的戰(zhàn)斗It’san

uphill

battlebutIthinkwe’regoingtowin.WordsandExpressionsupside

n.themorepositiveaspectofasituationthatisgenerallybad

（糟糕局面的）好的一面，光明的一面，正面(CET6)

TheupsideofthewholethingisthatwegotafreetriptoJamaica.WordsandExpressionschafe

v.

tofeelannoyedandimpatientaboutsth,especiallybecauseitlimitswhatyoucando

（尤指因受限制而）惱怒，煩惱，焦躁(CET6;GRE)

Hesoonchafedattherestrictionsofhissituation.WordsandExpressionsstratosphericadj.

extremelyhighorgreat

極高的；極大量的；極高水平的The

stratospheric

surgeofAmericansseekingunemploymentbenefitscontrastswiththesituationinwesternEurope.WordsandExpressionsincrementaladj.increasinginamountorvaluegraduallyandbyaregularamount增加的；遞增的(GRE)

Weareseeking

continuous,incrementalimprovements,notgreatbreakthroughs.WordsandExpressionsacquisitionn.acompany,pieceofland,etc.boughtbysb,especiallyanothercompany;theactofbuyingit

購置物；收購的公司；購置的產(chǎn)業(yè)；購置；收購(CET4;TEM4;GRE)TheyhavemadeacquisitionsinseveralEUcountries.WordsandExpressionsbloatedadj.

If

you

describe

an

organization

asbloated,youmeanthatitistoobiganddoesnotworkeffectively（機(jī)構(gòu)）臃腫的(GRE)

Thecompanytrimmedits

bloated

labourforce.WordsandExpressionshigh-profileadj.attractingalotofattentionandinterestfromthepublicandnewspapers,television,etc.

經(jīng)常出鏡（或見報(bào)）的；備受關(guān)注的；高姿態(tài)的Tony

has

now

been

thrust

into

the

limelight,with

a

high-profile

job.WordsandExpressionsequityn.thevalueofacompany’sshares;thevalueofapropertyafterallchargesanddebtshavebeenpaid

（公司的）股本；資產(chǎn)凈值(CET6;TEM4;GRE)

Tocapturehisequity,Murphymusteithersellorrefinance.

WordsandExpressionsincentiven.somethingthatencouragesyoutodosth

激勵(lì)；刺激；鼓勵(lì)(CET6;TEM4;GRE;GMAT)Thereisnoincentiveforpeopletosavefuel.WordsandExpressionsseasonedadj.(ofaperson)

havingalotofexperienceofaparticularactivity

富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；老于此道的(CET4;CET6;GRE)

Artiewasbythenaseasonedmusicianwithsixalbumstohiscredit.WordsandExpressionsdeathknellaneventthatmeansthattheendordestructionofsth.willcomesoon

喪鐘；死亡的征兆；預(yù)示毀滅的事件ThelossofGeorgiawouldsoundthedeathknellofRepublicanhopes.WordsandExpressionssupplantv.totaketheplaceofsb/sth(especiallysb/stholderorlessmodern)

取代，替代（尤指年老者或落后于時(shí)代的事物）(TEM8;GRE)

Barkerwassoonsupplantedaspartyleader.WordsandExpressionsmaverick

n.

apersonwhodoesnotbehaveorthinklikeeveryoneelse,butwhohasindependent,unusualopinions

持不同意見者；獨(dú)行其是者；言行與眾不同者(TEM8;GRE)

He’salwaysbeenabitofamaverick.WordsandExpressionssapv.

tomakesth/sbweaker;todestroysthgradually

使虛弱；削弱；逐漸破壞(TEM4;GRE)

HerlongillnesswasgraduallysappingCharlotte’sstrength.WordsandExpressionsincumbent

n.apersonwhohasanofficialposition

在職者；現(xiàn)任者(CET6;TEM8;GRE)

IntheJuneelections,Morriseasilydefeatedtheincumbent,TomSmith.WordsandExpressionsfraughtadj.

filledwithsthunpleasant

充滿（不愉快事物）的(CET6;TEM8;GRE)

Theirmarriagehasbeenfraughtwithdifficulties.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsParas.1-4Thebackgroundagainstwhichadifferentfundingmechanism--VBOemerged.Paras.5-7TheadvantagesthatVBOshaveoverLBOs.Paras.8-12TherewardsofVBOsoutweighthechallengestheyface.NotesonTextB1.VC(venturecapital):moneythatisinvestedinanewcompanytohelpitdevelop,whichmayinvolvealotofrisk

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本（投入新公司的資金，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很大）NotesonTextB2.GeneralCatalyst:

Itisaventurecapitalfirmthatmakesearlystageandtransformationalinvestments.GeneralCatalystbacksexceptionalentrepreneurswhoarebuildinginnovativetechnologycompaniesandmarketleadingbusinesses,includingAirbnb,BigCommerce,ClassPass,Datalogix,Datto,Demandware,Gusto(fkaZenPayroll),TheHonestCompany,HubSpot,KAYAK,Oscar,Snap,Stripe,andWarbyParker.TheGenralCatalystteamleveragesitsbraodexperiencetohelpfoundersbuildextraordinarycompanies.IthasofficesinCambridge,MA,PolaAlto,CAandNewYorkCity.NotesonTextB通用催化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資公司，是一家進(jìn)行早期和轉(zhuǎn)型投資的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資企業(yè)，針對(duì)建立技術(shù)型公司的企業(yè)家進(jìn)行投資，這些企業(yè)將領(lǐng)導(dǎo)創(chuàng)新和對(duì)行業(yè)產(chǎn)生變革作用。NotesonTextB3.leveragedbuyout(LBO):Whenacompanywantstomakean

acquisition

butdoesn’thavethe

workingcapitaltopay

cash

—orprefersnotto—itcanusealeveragedbuyouttoclosethedeal.Aleveragedbuyoutisusuallyfinancedusingahigh

debt-to-equity

ratio(thesharepaidforbyborrowingversusboughtoutright).Whentheacquiringcompanytakesoutloans,ittypicallyusestheassetsandexpectedcashflowofthetargetcompanyascollateral(anassetusedtosecurealoanthatcanbeseizedincaseofdefault).NotesonTextBCompaniesoftenuseleveragedbuyoutstoprivatizepubliccompaniesortobuylargecompaniesandbreakthemupintosmallerfirms.Thisstrategycanhelptheacquiringcompanymakethepurchasewithoutcommittingalotofitsownfundsbutalsocomeswithrisks.杠桿收購,指收購者用自己很少的本錢為基礎(chǔ)，然后從投資銀行或其他金融機(jī)構(gòu)籌集、借貸大量、足夠的資金進(jìn)行收購活動(dòng)，收購后公司的收入（包括拍賣資產(chǎn)的營(yíng)業(yè)利益）剛好支付因收購而產(chǎn)生的高比例負(fù)債，這樣能達(dá)到以很少的資金賺取高額利潤(rùn)的目的。NotesonTextB4.High-yieldbond:High-yieldbonds(alsocalled

junkbonds)arebondsthatpayhigherinterestratesbecausetheyhavelowercreditratingsthan

investment-grade

bonds.High-yieldbondsaremorelikelytodefault,sotheypayahigheryieldthaninvestment-gradebondstocompensateinvestors.高收益?zhèn)?由產(chǎn)業(yè)公司、金融機(jī)構(gòu)、公用事業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)行并被至少一家獨(dú)立的信用評(píng)級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)列為投資等級(jí)以下、且其票面收益率高于投資等級(jí)的債券。DiscussionHowshouldacompanyimplementinnovation?ExercisesII.ReadingComprehension1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.HowVBOisdifferentfromLBO.B.Onewayinternalstartupsovercomesomeofthedisadvantagestheyfaceisbyseekingoutexternalfundingfromventurecapitalfirms—VBO.C.VBOhasmanyadvantagesoverLBO.D.HowVBOcameintobeing.Exercises2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutintrapreneurs?A.Theymustmeetastrictmarkettest.B.Theycanconvincetheircompanytoprovideinitialfunding.C.Theylaunchanewventureinsideanexistingcompany.D.It’salwaysbeenchallengingforthemtolaunchnewventuresinsideanexistingbusiness.Exercises3.WhichofthefollowingisnotthereasonwhyLBOswerepraisedfor?A.Abilitytoincreaseefficiencies.B.Abilitytoincreaseearnings.C.Enablingagrowth-centrictransformation.D.abilitytodriveincreasedcashflows.Exercises4.WhichofthefollowingisnotoneoftheadvantagesofVBO?A.Itbringshigh-riskgrowthcapitaltodriveacceler