UNIT1SectionⅡ一、語言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1．Thenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosttheirhomesreachedasmanyas250,000.2．Thereportthat/whichMr.Turnerhandedinwasaboutthemotorrace.3．Thewomanwho/whom/thatyousawintheparkisourgeographyteacher.4．Thesoldierwhoselegswerebadlywoundedwasoperatedonwithoutdelay.5.ItisthefirstAmericanmovieofthiskindthatI'veeverseen.6．Iamlookingforwardtothedaywhenmydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.7．ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.8．Idon'tknowthepersontowhomyouturnedforhelpjustnow.9．Herillnesshasdevelopedtothepointwherenobodycancureher.10．Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployeesenjoytheirwork.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.每年來這個城市參觀的人數(shù)達(dá)到了一百萬。2．Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallen.我曾經(jīng)住在那幢屋頂已經(jīng)倒塌了的房子里。3．Chinaisacountrywhich/thathasrichculturalheritage.中國是一個擁有豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)的國家。4．Thisismypairofglasses,withoutwhichIcannotseeclearly.這是我的眼鏡，沒有它我看不清晰。5．I'mwritingtoexplaintoyouthereasonwhyIwasabsentfromyourlecturelasttime.我寫此信的目的是向您說明一下我上次缺席了您的課的緣由。6．WewillvisittheplacewheremanyancientChineseemperorslived.我們將參觀一個很多古代中國皇帝居住的地方。Ⅲ.用定語從句合并句子1．Thedaycameatlast.Wehavebeenlookingforwardtotheday.→Thedaythat/whichwehavebeenlookingforwardtocameatlast.2．Mygrandparentsliveinthebiggesthouse.Itismorethan100yearsold.→Mygrandparentsliveinthebiggesthousethatismorethan100yearsold.3．Wesettleddowninasmallvillage.Infrontofthevillageranawindingriver.→Wesettleddowninasmallvillage,infrontofwhichranawindingriver.4．Shehasthreesons.Allofhersonsareabroadnow.→Shehasthreesons,allofwhomareabroadnow.5．Therearesixtystudentsinourclass.Thirtyofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.→Therearesixtystudentsinourclass,thirtyofwhomaregirls.6．Themaniskind.Theheadmasterintroducedhimtousyesterday.→Themanwho/whom/that/不填theheadmasterintroducedtousyesterdayiskind.二、培優(yōu)提升訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Whenweheartheword“pyramid”thereislittledoubtthatEgyptandthedesertcometomind.Didyouknow,however,thatcontinentsandoceansaway—inwhatistodayCentralAmericaandMexico—peoplealsobuiltpyramids?WhiletheylooksomewhatdifferentfromtheonesweseeinEgypt,theyalsowerebuiltwithgreatskill.ThepyramidsofCentralAmericawerebuiltbytheMayan(瑪雅)andAztec(阿芝臺克)peoples,aswellasothersmallergroups.BothMayanandAztecculturesbuiltpyramidsfortheirgods.Theythoughtthatbuildinghigherpyramidswouldallowthemtogetclosetoheaven.Theseculturesbelievedthatthegodswerefoundinnature.Oneofthemostimportantgodswasthesun.Manyofthepyramidswerefortheirsungod.Atthetopofthepyramidstheybuilttemplestomakethegodshappier.However,pyramidswerenotusedonlyfortheirgods.BeforeEuropeanscametotheareainthe1500s,manyoftheculturesoftheAmericas,suchastheMayanandAztec,hadmuchknowledgeaboutmathematicsandastrology.Theythoughtthatthenightskycouldbeusedasamirrortoexplainmanyaspectsoflife,whichisthereasonwhytheystudieditcarefully.Thetemplesontopofthepyramidswerealsousedasplacesforwatchingtheskies.TheMayashadasolidunderstandingofthemovementofstarsandplanets.Thishelpedthemunderstandtheseasons.Theywerethefirsttocreatea365-daycalendar.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了除了埃及，中美洲的瑪雅人和阿芝臺克人也建立了金字塔，他們建立金字塔是為了他們的神和探討天空。1．WhydidMayanandAztecpeoplesbuildpyramids？CA．Fortheirkings.B．Forthemselves.C．Fortheirgodsandtostudythesky.D．Forthemoon.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“BothMayanandAztecculturesbuiltpyramidsfortheirgods.”和第三段中的“Thetemplesontopofthepyramidswerealsousedasplacesforwatchingtheskies.”可知，瑪雅人和阿芝臺克人建立金字塔是為了他們的神和探討天空。故選C。2．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtrue？AA．BeforeEuropeanscametothearea,theMayasandAztecshadnoknowledgeaboutmathematicsandastrology.B．BuildinghigherpyramidswouldallowtheMayasandAztecstogetclosetoheaven.C．Manyofthepyramidswereforthesungod.D．TheMayanandAztecpyramidsbuiltlooksomewhatdifferentfromtheonesbuiltinEgypt.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“BeforeEuropeanscametotheareainthe1500s,manyoftheculturesoftheAmericas,suchastheMayanandAztec,hadmuchknowledgeaboutmathematicsandastrology.”可知，在歐洲人來到這里之前，瑪雅人和阿芝臺克人就對數(shù)學(xué)和占星學(xué)有肯定的了解，故A項表述錯誤。故選A。3．WheredidpeoplebuildpyramidsbesidesEgypt？AA．InCentralAmerica.B．InJapan.C．InEgypt.D．Notmentioned.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“inwhatistodayCentralAmericaandMexico—peoplealsobuiltpyramids？”可知，除了埃及，中美洲的人也建立了金字塔。故選A。4．Wherecanyoufindthepassage？DA．Inanewspaper.B．Inanadvertisement.C．Inanovel.D．Inasciencemagazine.解析：推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了除了埃及，中美洲的瑪雅人和阿芝臺克人也建立了金字塔，他們建立金字塔是為了他們的神和探討天空，這一話題屬于科學(xué)范疇，應(yīng)當(dāng)出自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空The600-year-oldForbiddenCityistheworld'slargestpalace.It1.Bmorethan17million2.Aeveryyear.Ifweweretotravelbacktothepast,thishugepalacewouldbea3.Dtouswithalotremainingtobediscovered.Itwaswhenall4.CinBeijingwerelowexceptfortheForbiddenCity,whichwassurroundedbyhigh5.Bandawidemoat(護城河).After6.Athegoldenrooffromtheoutside，peoplecouldonlyimaginewhatitlookedlikeinside.7.Banareaofabout720,000squaremetersintheheartofBeijing,theForbiddenCitywasbuiltfrom1406to1420bythethird8.AoftheMingDynasty.Inthepast,theForbiddenCitywaswherethehighestpowerofthecountrylaid.Emperorswereborn,lived,foughtand9.Dthere.Varioushistoricaleventshappenedthere.ItsawtheupsanddownsoftheMingandQingdynasties,aswellashowfeudalmonarchy(封建帝制)10.AcametoanendinChina.Thelivesoftheroyalfamilieswere11.Athroughmanydocuments.They12.Dalargeamountofvaluablematerialfortoday'shistorical13.B,aswellasinspirationforliteratureandentertainment.In1987,theForbiddenCitywas14.CastheWorldCulturalHeritage.FortheheadsofstatewhocometovisitChina，itisamust-seetourist15.C.WhentheypayastatevisittoChina,ourtopleadermayshowthemaroundthere.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了擁有600年歷史的北京故宮。它已被列為“世界文化遺產(chǎn)”之一，各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人訪問中國，故宮都將是必看的景點。1．A.relieves B．receivesC．guides D．sells解析：句意：有著600年歷史的故宮是世界上最大的宮殿。每年接待1700多萬游客。表示“接待”游客應(yīng)用receive。故選B。2．A.visitors B．studentsC．teachers D．citizens解析：參見上題解析。故選A。3．A.dream B．hopeC．wonder D．mystery解析：此處表示假如我們回到過去，這座巨大的宮殿對我們來說將是一個謎，有很多東西有待發(fā)覺。依據(jù)“withalotremainingtobediscovered”可知，故宮對我們來說是神奇的地方。故選D。4．A.museums B．roomsC．buildings D．houses解析：此處表示那時北京除了故宮外，全部的建筑都很低，故宮被高高的城墻和寬敞的護城河包圍著。分析選項可知，C項范圍最廣，概括了其他選項，且此處應(yīng)是將故宮與其他建筑物作對比。故選C。5．A.towers B．wallsC．trees D．hills解析：參見上題解析。故選B。6．A.lookingat B．givingupC．settingdown D．jumpingat解析：此處表示從外面看到金色屋頂之后，人們只能想象里面是什么樣子。從外面只能“看到”故宮的屋頂。故選A。7．A.Owning B．CoveringC．Having D．Taking解析：coveranareaof...表示“占地……”。故選B。8．A.emperor B．designerC．painter D．soldier解析：此處表示故宮由明朝第三個皇帝建于1406年，1420年基本竣工。故選A。9．A.studied B．workedC．gathered D．died解析：空處與born呼應(yīng)，表示皇帝的一生都在故宮度過。故選D。10．A.finally B．quicklyC．gradually D．suddenly解析：此處表示故宮見證了明清兩代的興衰，也見證了封建帝制在中國的終結(jié)。cometoanend是短暫性動詞短語，一般不與帶有持續(xù)意義的副詞gradually連用。此處指最終結(jié)束。故選A。11．A.recorded B．settledC．connected D．copied解析：此處表示皇室家族的生活通過很多文件記錄下來。此處指記錄歷史，應(yīng)用record。故選A。12．A.grasp B．ignoreC．write D．provide解析：此處表示它們?yōu)榻袢盏臍v史探討供應(yīng)了大量有價值的資料，也為文學(xué)和消遣供應(yīng)了靈感。此處指歷史記錄為現(xiàn)在的探討供應(yīng)資料。故選D。13．A.background B．researchC．exam D．survey解析：參見上題解析。故選B。14．A.treated B．rememberedC．listed D．honored解析：此處表示1987年，故宮被列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。belistedas表示“被列為”。故選C。15．A.palace B．sceneryC．a(chǎn)ttraction D．place解析：此處表示對于訪問中國的各國元首來說，故宮是一個必看的旅游景點。touristattraction意為“旅游景點，巡游勝地”。故選C。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Xuanpaper,knownasoneoftheFourTreasuresofStudy,firstcameinto1.existence(exist)inXuanPrefectureintheTangdynasty.Thetraditionalskillofmakingthepaper2.byhandhasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.Theprocesstakesasmanyas100steps,allof3.whichrequirealevelofdelicacy.TakethepapermakingmasterZhouDonghongforexample.Heusesafinescreentofilter(過濾)amixtureofwaterandfibers.Heliftsitup,andit'sasheetofpaper.Ittakeshimandhispartneronly15seconds4.toform(form)andshapeit,butthey'vedevoted5.themselves(them)toperfectingtheskillsfordecades.“Therearealotoftricksoffilteringthefibers,andtimingisthe6.mostdifficult(difficult)partofall.Wehaveonlyonechancetofiltertherightamountoffibers,andonlytheproperweightguaranteesthepaperisneithertoothinnortoothick,andthemarginforerroris7.extremely(extreme)small,”saidZhou.Withjusttherightdegreeofthickness,top
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