2022高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module6OldandNew學(xué)案必修3

Module6OldandNew一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會(huì)認(rèn)就行(背誦時(shí)遮住右側(cè)漢語(yǔ)，先自主翻譯，后比對(duì)詞義)1．bulletinn． 小型報(bào)刊；短新聞；報(bào)告2．canaln. 運(yùn)河3．civiladj. 民用的；國(guó)內(nèi)的4．cliffn. 懸崖；峭壁5．damn. 壩；堤；水閘6．gorgen. 峽谷7．hydro-electricadj. 水力發(fā)電的8．reservoirn. 水庫(kù)(二)背重點(diǎn)單詞——寫對(duì)才行1．datevi. 始于(某一歷史時(shí)期)2．siten. 場(chǎng)所；遺址3．relicn. (歷史的)遺跡；遺物4．crashvi. (飛機(jī))失事；墜毀5．ridiculousadj. 荒唐的；可笑的6．enormousadj. 巨大的；龐大的7．narrowadj. 狹窄的8．removevt. 遷移；搬遷9．structuren. 建筑物；結(jié)構(gòu)(三)背拓展單詞——用準(zhǔn)才行1．fogn．霧→foggyadj.有濃霧的2．poetn．詩(shī)人→poemn．詩(shī)；詩(shī)歌→poetryn．詩(shī)歌(總稱)3．globen．地球；地球儀→globaladj.全球的4．engineern．工程師→engineering_n．(土木)工程5．a(chǎn)cmodatevt.容納(乘客等)→acmodationn．住處；停留處；膳宿6．historyn．歷史→historic_adj.有歷史意義的→historicaladj.歷史的；有關(guān)歷史的7．observevt.觀察→observationn．觀察→observatory_n．觀察臺(tái)→observern．觀察者8．constructvt.建造；建設(shè)→constructionn．建造；建設(shè)；建筑→constructiveadj.建設(shè)性的9．freezevt.冷凍；冰凍；(使)凍住；嚇呆→freezingadj.冷冰冰的；極冷的→frozenadj.冷凍的；結(jié)冰的[語(yǔ)境活用]1．Itisfreezingoutsidenow,andmoresnowisfallingonalready_frozenstreets.(freeze)2．It'ssaidthatfogisharmfultoourhealth，soweshouldwearmasksonfoggydays.(fog)3．ThegreatbridgeunderconstructionisdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayeartoconstructthelargebridge.(construct)4．Forallthecountriesacrosstheglobe,_theproblemofglobalwarmingshouldbepaidspecialattentionto.(globe)5．Havingrichimagination,LiBaicreatedalargenumberofwonderfulpoemsthroughouthislife，soheiscalledromanticpoetintheChinesehistoryofpoetry.(poem)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對(duì)不行1．datevi.始于(某一歷史時(shí)期)vt.確定年代；注明日期n．日期；約會(huì)背詞條用法(1)datebackto/datefrom起源于；追溯到(2)outofdate過(guò)時(shí)的；陳舊的up-to-dateadj.現(xiàn)代的；最新的背寫作佳句①Actually,inChina,classicalChinesemusicisneveroutofdate.事實(shí)上，在中國(guó)，中國(guó)古典音樂(lè)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)過(guò)時(shí)。②Besides,wecanobtainup-to-dateinformationabouteventstakingplaceallovertheworld.此外，我們可以獲得世界各地發(fā)生的事件的最新信息。③(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistorydatingbacktomorethan1,000yearsago.中國(guó)飲茶文化源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，可以追溯到1000多年前。2．a(chǎn)cmodatevt.容納(乘客等)；考慮到；顧及；給……提供方便vi.適應(yīng)；順應(yīng)背詞條用法(1)acmodateto順應(yīng)，適應(yīng)acmodate...to...使……適應(yīng)……acmodatesb.withsth.為某人提供某物(2)arrangeforsb.'sacmodation給某人安排食宿背寫作佳句①Someanimalandplantspeciescannotacmodatetotherapidlychangingconditions.某些種類的動(dòng)植物不能適應(yīng)迅速變化的環(huán)境。②Itwasverykindofyoutoacmodateuswiththeticketsofourjourney.你為我們提供了旅行票，真是太好了。③Itismypleasuretoarrangeforyouracmodationandshowyouaroundsomeofthefamousscenicspotshereaftertherace.我很高興為您安排住宿，并在賽后帶您參觀這里的一些著名景點(diǎn)。3．narrowadj.狹窄的；狹隘的；勉強(qiáng)的v.(使)變窄；縮小背詞條用法(1)anarrowescape死里逃生，險(xiǎn)些遇險(xiǎn)narrowandrough狹窄又崎嶇不平(2)narrowthegapbetween...and...縮小……與……之間的差距背寫作佳句①Thatwasreallyanarrowescapewhentheircarturnedover!當(dāng)他們的車翻過(guò)去的時(shí)候，那真是死里逃生啊?、贖epointedoutthateconomicglobalizationshouldhelpnarrowthegapbetweentherichandpoor.他指出，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化應(yīng)該有助于縮小貧富差距。③(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ寫作)Thewholecoursewasextremelydifficult,especiallythepartnearthemountain，narrowandrough.整個(gè)過(guò)程非常困難，尤其是靠近山的部分，狹窄又崎嶇不平。(五)背短語(yǔ)詞塊——表達(dá)出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語(yǔ)再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)1．date_from 起源于2．hold_back 阻止3．now_that 既然；由于4．of_all_time 有史以來(lái)5．dream_of/about 夢(mèng)想6．e_true (夢(mèng)想等)變成現(xiàn)實(shí)7．make_sense 有意義；有道理8．bring_an_end_to 結(jié)束；終止eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)拓展用活1．holdback阻止；隱瞞；抑制，控制(感情等)；猶豫背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)beheldby由……舉辦holdonto緊緊抓住holdon堅(jiān)持；別掛斷()holdup舉起；阻擋；耽誤holdout伸出；堅(jiān)持背寫作佳句①Noonecanholdbackthewheelofhistory.誰(shuí)也無(wú)法阻擋歷史的車輪。②(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ寫作)A5,000-metrecross-countryrunningrace,partofthesportsmeetinginourschool,washeldbytheschoolstudents'unionlastSunday.上周日學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)舉辦了5公里越野賽跑活動(dòng)，這是我校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的一部分。2．makesense有意義；有道理；講得通，可理解背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)asenseofachievement/direction成就感/方向感makenosense毫無(wú)意義，胡鬧makesenseof理解……的意義；弄懂inasense某一方面；從某種意義上說(shuō)innosense決不(位于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)thereisnosensein(doing)sth.做某事是沒(méi)有意義的背寫作佳句①ItseemsthatonlyLiHua'sideamakessenseinthissituation.在這種情況下，似乎只有李華的想法是有意義的。②AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnosenseingettingupsetaboutitnow.就我而言，現(xiàn)在為此煩惱是沒(méi)有意義的。③(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))It'sherfriendlinessandthesenseofresponsibilitythatmakemerespecther.是她的友善和責(zé)任感讓我尊敬她。3．bringanendto結(jié)束；終止背相關(guān)短語(yǔ)etoanend結(jié)束；完結(jié)attheendof在……結(jié)束時(shí)makeendsmeet使收支相抵；勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)intheend最后，終于endupwith結(jié)束，以……結(jié)束背寫作佳句①Thepartyisendedupwithapplauseandhappiness.這場(chǎng)晚會(huì)在掌聲和愉快中結(jié)束。②Attheendoftheactivity,holdingtheteabagsinourhands,wetookapicturetomemorizetheunforgettableday.在活動(dòng)結(jié)束的時(shí)候，我們手里拿著茶包，拍了一張照片來(lái)紀(jì)念這難忘的一天。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．IttooksixyearstobuildandcostUS$20billion.(Ittakessometimetodosth.“花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間做某事”)它花了6年的時(shí)間才建成，耗資200億美元。佳句①Ittakesfourtosixweekstofinishthereport.完成這份報(bào)告需要四到六個(gè)星期。佳句②Ittookhimseveralweekstolearntomakeit.他花了幾個(gè)星期才學(xué)會(huì)做它。佳句③Thereasonisthatittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.原因是它可以用更少的時(shí)間來(lái)理解整個(gè)故事。2．Isitpossibletoseetherelicsnowthattheyhavebeensubmerged?(Isitpossibletodosth.？“做某事有可能嗎？”)既然這些遺跡都已被淹沒(méi)，還有可能再看到它們嗎？佳句①Isitnecessaryforstudentstotakefirstaidcourses？學(xué)生們有必要上急救課程嗎？佳句②Isitpossibleforyoutopickusupattheairportafterourarrival？我們到達(dá)后你能去機(jī)場(chǎng)接我們嗎？佳句③Isitworthwhiletospendtwohoursreadingthebook？花兩個(gè)小時(shí)讀這本書值得嗎？3．Whydoyouthinktherearesomanytallbuildingsintheworldnow?(doyouthink在句中作插入語(yǔ))你認(rèn)為為什么現(xiàn)在世界上有這么多的高層建筑？佳句①Wheredoyouthinkwecangetthismachinethatcanmakemask？你認(rèn)為我們能從哪里弄到這種制作口罩的機(jī)器？佳句②(2019·北京高考書面表達(dá))Howdoyouthinkthesocialpracticeactivitythat“Laboristhemostglorious”isorganized？你認(rèn)為“勞動(dòng)最光榮”的社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)是如何組織的？佳句③Whodoyousupposeweshouldturntoforhelp？你認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該向誰(shuí)求助？eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Thereisnodoubtthatitisourdutytoprotectnaturalheritage.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，保護(hù)自然遺產(chǎn)是我們的責(zé)任。2．Thereesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew,anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.新舊更替的時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來(lái)，在走向未來(lái)的過(guò)程中，我們不可能將過(guò)去的一切都保存下來(lái)。3．Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast，buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.這些國(guó)家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價(jià)的未來(lái)發(fā)展之路，而且還明白了多個(gè)國(guó)家合作創(chuàng)造美好未來(lái)的可能性。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點(diǎn)——道歉信(一)[題目要求](2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)假定你是李華，與留學(xué)生朋友Bob約好一起去書店，因故不能赴約。請(qǐng)給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．表示歉意；2.說(shuō)明原因；3.另約時(shí)間。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearBob,I'mwritingtoexpressmysincereapologytoyoufornotgoingtothebookstorewithyouatourappointedtime.I'msorryfortheinconvenienceitmaycauseyou.ThereasonwhyIwon'tbeavailableatthattimeisthatmygrandfatherfellillsuddenlyyesterdayandnowheisinhospital.Myfamilyaretakingturnstotakecareofhim.SoIhavetostaywithhimthatday.Isincerelyhopeyoucanacceptmyapology.Meanwhile,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldallowmetofixanotherdate.Ifit'sconvenientforyou,shallwemeetat8：00amnextSaturday?Ifnot,pleasekeepmeinformedinadvanceofwhattimesuitsyoubest.Sorryagainfortheinconveniencecaused.Yours，LiHua[學(xué)亮點(diǎn)]1．學(xué)謀篇布局2．學(xué)亮麗開(kāi)頭開(kāi)頭使用expressmysincereapologytoyoufornot...表達(dá)歉意，點(diǎn)明寫信緣由，然后再用I'msorryfortheinconvenienceitmaycauseyou.再次表示歉意，語(yǔ)言委婉，誠(chéng)意十足。3．學(xué)高級(jí)表達(dá)(1)使用高級(jí)詞匯和語(yǔ)塊，如：expressone'ssincereapologyto,atone'sappointedtime,inconvenience,available,taketurns,inadvanceof等。(2)準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用復(fù)雜句式結(jié)構(gòu)，如：Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...句式；it作形式賓語(yǔ)Iwouldappreciateitif...；條件狀語(yǔ)從句Ifit'sconvenientforyou；省略句Ifnot；祈使句pleasekeepmeinformed...等，都體現(xiàn)了考生過(guò)硬的語(yǔ)言功底與靈活的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。4．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾使用了Sorryagainfortheinconveniencecaused.再次表達(dá)歉意，語(yǔ)句雖短，但誠(chéng)意滿滿。5．學(xué)過(guò)渡銜接銜接詞and,so,meanwhile等的恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用，使得文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層層遞進(jìn)，讀起來(lái)朗朗上口。6．防微點(diǎn)失分考生容易因主從句意識(shí)淡薄把“ThereasonwhyIwon'tbeavailableatthattimeisthatmygrandfather...”中的連接詞that漏掉，或把“Ifit'sconvenientforyou”錯(cuò)誤地表達(dá)為“Ifyou'reconvenient”，從而導(dǎo)致失分。

學(xué)案(一)重點(diǎn)單詞的查漏補(bǔ)缺——打牢必備知識(shí)[全面練——練清易錯(cuò)微點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Ididn'tmakesenseofthepoem(詩(shī))untilIreaditathirdtime.2．OfficialsfromGreenwichObservatory(觀察臺(tái))havetheclockcheckedtwiceaday.3．Itisridiculous(荒唐的)tospendagreatdealofmoneyonsuchmeaninglessanduselessthings.4．Appreciatingpoetryismorethangettingtoknowthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofeverysentence.5．Itisreportedthatthereisa$1,000rewardforanyinformationthathelpspolicefindthelostrelic_(遺物)．6．fortablebikesandasmoothtourroutemakecyclingbetweenthe_sites(場(chǎng)所)funandrelaxing.7．Enormous_(巨大的)pressureastheyarefacedwith，thestudentsremainoptimisticandtryhardtoachievetheirgoals.8．Protectingtheenvironmentisacivil(公民的)duty.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出加黑部分的漢語(yǔ)意思1．Morethanonepassengerwasinjuredintheaircrash.失事2．Theterminaliscrowdedwithmanypeoplereturninghome.候機(jī)廳3．Althoughwarnedofdanger,touristscan'thelptakingphotosnearthecliff.懸崖；峭壁4．Thereisawatchtowerrisetoabout12meterseveryonehundredmetersontheGreatWall.瞭望臺(tái)5．(熟詞生義)LastyearIhadanarrowescapefromacarcrash，andIdon'twanttoriskmylifeasecondtime.勉強(qiáng)的6．(熟詞生義)(2020·浙江高考)MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractorheadingtowardsthemotorway.嚇呆Ⅲ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Itisfreezing(freeze)here.Wearyourcoat,oryou'llcatchacold.2.Wecannotguaranteethepunctualarrivaloftrainsinfoggy(fog)weather.3．Imajorinengineering(engineer),butthismachineisreallyhardtooperate.4.Thismajorroadisunderconstruction(construct).We'dbettertakeanalternativeway.5．Thoughprimitiveandsimpleinform,thisstonecarving(carve)hasveryhighartisticvalue.6．Inaway,global(globe)warmingisachallengeforman,sowemustovereittobuildafineworld.7.Youmustplacetheseeventsintheirhistorical(history)context.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)以“一個(gè)元音字母＋一個(gè)輔音字母”結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，在變形時(shí)須雙寫詞尾字母。如：muddy;starring;beginning等。(2)“under＋名詞”表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常見(jiàn)的搭配有：underrepair“正在修理”；underconsideration“正在考慮”；underdiscussion“正在討論”；undertrial“正在審判”；undertreatment“正在治療”；underconstruction“正在建設(shè)”。(3)historic主要指歷史上有名或具有重要?dú)v史意義的，側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)其影響性。如：historiccharacter“歷史名人”；ahistoricday“有歷史意義的一天”。historical主要指歷史上發(fā)生過(guò)或存在過(guò)的，通常涉及歷史、史學(xué)、過(guò)去的事實(shí)。如：ahistoricalplay“歷史劇”；ahistoricalfigure“歷史人物”。[重點(diǎn)練——深化高頻考點(diǎn)]1．date[明其義]vi.始于(某一歷史時(shí)期)vt.確定年代；注明日期n．日期；約會(huì)[通其用](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)yinterestinstampcollecting_dates(date)backtomyschooldays.②Eastofourcitystandsaworld-famouspagoda_dating(date)fromTangDynasty.③Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.(2)補(bǔ)全句子④Thehistoryoftheirfamilydates_from/back_to_300_years_ago.他們家族的歷史可以追溯到300年前。[解其困]datefrom和datebackto這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式。2．a(chǎn)cmodate[明其義]vt.容納(乘客等)；考慮到；顧及；給……提供方便vi.適應(yīng)；順應(yīng)[通其用]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hereyestookawhiletoacmodatetothedarkness.②Whereverhegoes，hecanacmodate_himself(he)tonewcircumstancesquickly.③Insteadofhavingatravelagencyarrangeouracmodation(acmodate),webookedthetrainticketandhotelroomsontheInternetbyourselves.3．narrow[明其義]adj.狹窄的；狹隘的；勉強(qiáng)的v．(使)變窄；縮小[通其用](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theroad_narrowed(narrow)toapathaswewalkedtowardsthemountain.②Whilehewascrossingthestreet,henarrowly(narrow)escapedbeingknockeddown.(2)翻譯句子③他是一個(gè)心胸狹窄的人，很難相處。He_is_a_narrow-minded_man_and_difficult_to_get_along_with.學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強(qiáng)化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.詞塊點(diǎn)點(diǎn)練——選詞填空datefrom，holdback，nowthat，ofalltime，dreamof，etrue，makesense，bringanendto1．Spidermanisoneofthemostfamousicbookheroesof_all_time.2.Thehouselooksmuchbiggernow_that_wehavepaintedthewallsinbrightercolours.3．Themantriedtohold_backhisangerwhenheknewhemetunfairtreatment,butinvain.4．Idon'tthinkitmakes_sensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthosecheaperonesarejustasgood.5.Ihavedreamed/dreamt_ofbeingaresponsibleEnglishteacherlikemyfathersinceIwasachild.6．Theybrought_an_end_tothemeetingafterthreehourswithoutreachinganyagreementyesterdayafternoon.7．Thiskindoftradition_dating_from_TangDynastyisreplacedbyanewlifestylewiththedevelopmentofsociety.8.Believeitornot,IamexcitedtohavemyownhousenowforIneverthinkmydreamcould_e_truesosoon.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)nowthat后接句子時(shí)，相當(dāng)于連詞since,意為“既然”。(2)dream的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞形式為dreamed或dreamt。類似的還有：burned/burnt;learned/learnt;smelled/smelt;spelled/spelt等。(3)etrue中的e是系動(dòng)詞，true是形容詞，該短語(yǔ)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，它沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Ⅱ.易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰——辨析比較1．holdbackVSkeepback比較①Thesoldiersfloodedthecountrysideinordertokeep_backtheenemy.②TheycannotarriveinShanghaiontime,becausetheshipwasheld_backbythestorm.辨清(1)holdback多指因客觀原因而受到耽擱或延誤。(2)keepback一般指強(qiáng)行被某人或某事阻擋。2．makesenseVSmakesenseof比較①Wereaditthrough,butcouldnotmake_sense_ofit.②Thesentencejustdoesn'tmake_sense,_nomatterhowyoureadit.辨清makesense意為“有道理，有意義，講得通”，后不接賓語(yǔ)；而makesenseof意為“理解；弄懂(不易理解的事物)”，其后可以接賓語(yǔ)。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中holdback的含義)①Whenthewriterarrivedhome，hecouldn'tholdbackhistearsandstartedtothinkaboutthesimplegooddeedthathadaffectedhimsodeeply.抑制，控制②Thenexttimeyouwanttodosomethingniceforsomeone，don'tholdback,waitingfortherightchance.Goaheadanddoit！猶豫③Hewasunabletoholdbacktheangrycrowd.阻止[句式的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]Ittakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.[通其用]補(bǔ)全句子①Asanewgraduate,hedoesn'tknowwhat_it_takes_to_startabusinesshere.作為一名剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生，他不知道在這里創(chuàng)業(yè)需要什么。②It_took_him_a_long_time_to_acquiretheskillsheneededtobeeagooddancer.他花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間去獲得成為一名優(yōu)秀舞蹈家所需要的技能。③Amonthbeforetheevent,Ispent_hours_working_out_ascheduleoutliningmygoalsandpracticalsteps.在活動(dòng)開(kāi)始前的一個(gè)月，我花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)制定了一個(gè)時(shí)間表，列出了我的目標(biāo)和切實(shí)可行的步驟。[解其困](1)Ittakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.(某人)花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間做某事。(2)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doing/onsth.某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間/金錢做某事。(3)(doing)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/money(做)某事/物花費(fèi)(某人)多少時(shí)間/金錢學(xué)案(三)高考語(yǔ)篇的價(jià)值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2018全國(guó)卷Ⅲ·閱讀理解B篇——對(duì)接課標(biāo)主題：自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)(一)精讀真題——拓展語(yǔ)言能力(語(yǔ)篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請(qǐng)注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouth①oftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Buteq\o(notallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime,\s\do4(1)).Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmapped②wilderness(荒野)．Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationofeq\a\vs4\al(③)30,000.[2]DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.[3]Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasneverfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.Today,peoplestilleandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrush④happened.Tourismisnowthechiefindustryof［析微點(diǎn)·厚積語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)］①微積累——熟詞生義：mouthn．口；嘴(熟義)n．入?？?；河口(生義)通句式——句子(1)＝allcitiesdon'tdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime，為部分否定。notall意為“并非所有的”。②構(gòu)詞法——unmapped詞源：mapn．地圖v．繪制……的地圖un-＋map＋-ed→unmappedadj.地圖上未標(biāo)出的③微積累——with＋a/an＋n.＋of短語(yǔ)大集合：withapopulationof30,000有3萬(wàn)的人口withanareaof300hectares有300公頃的面積withahistoryof2,000years有2000年的歷史withadistanceof500kilometers有500千米的距離④微點(diǎn)撥——?jiǎng)釉~“名”用：rushv．迅速移動(dòng)；急促n.熱潮[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]24．WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A．Itsbusinessculture.B．Itssmallpopulation.C．Itsgeographicalposition.D．Itsfavourableclimate.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句“Peoplesettleintheseplaces...NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.”可知，紐約市吸引早期定居者之處就是它靠近哈德遜河入海口，交通和貿(mào)易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故選C。25．WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A．Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B．Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C．Almosteveryonegaveup.D．Halfofthemdied.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.”可知，在最先的兩萬(wàn)名淘金者中，有4000人變得富有了，即有五分之一的人變得富有了。故選B。26．WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A．Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B．Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C．Therewereunabletostandthewinter.D．Theywereshortoffood.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thecitywascrowded...newgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.”可知，人們離開(kāi)道森去阿拉斯加碰運(yùn)氣了。故選B。27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theriseandfallofacity.B．ThegoldrushinCanada.C．Journeysintothewilderness.D．TourisminDawson.解析：選A主旨大意題。文章第一段簡(jiǎn)要介紹城市發(fā)展的原因，并引出道森這一城市的興起；第二段介紹了道森興起的原因；第三段介紹了道森的衰落和現(xiàn)狀，由此可知，文章主要講述了加拿大城市道森的興衰。故選A。[為什么考·有何價(jià)值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第27題主要考查學(xué)生的概括性思維。本文首段一開(kāi)始介紹一般城市的興起原因在于地理位置優(yōu)越，并以紐約市為例進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，然后話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)：并非所有城市都是這樣，從而引出本文的主要話題——加拿大的道森市。道森市并沒(méi)有優(yōu)越的地理位置和其他的便利條件，它的興起完全是因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金。第二段主要講道森市環(huán)境的惡劣，但是為了挖掘黃金，人們接踵而至。第三段描述人們沒(méi)有興趣定居在道森市，以及其他地方發(fā)現(xiàn)黃金，人們紛紛離開(kāi)道森市，造成了道森市的沒(méi)落。概括分析全文內(nèi)容可知選A項(xiàng)。考生如果不具備概括性思維，“只見(jiàn)樹木不見(jiàn)森林”，而掉進(jìn)命題人故意設(shè)置的陷阱，則易錯(cuò)選。二、聚焦核心價(jià)值本文通過(guò)介紹加拿大道森市的發(fā)展變遷，旨在讓考生了解城市興衰的原因，進(jìn)而培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的國(guó)際視野和學(xué)習(xí)歷史的興趣，激發(fā)學(xué)生奮發(fā)向上，積極投入家鄉(xiāng)、祖國(guó)的發(fā)展建設(shè)中。每個(gè)城市乃至國(guó)家都有其發(fā)展歷史，尤其是作為四大文明古國(guó)之一的中國(guó)更是有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文明，這也成為高考的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。因此，考生應(yīng)多聚焦歷史變遷，多關(guān)注歷史上的人物介紹、地方的興衰以及文化的遷移和影響。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Role-playishelpfulindevelopingmunication(municate)skills.2．Pleasingpeoplemaynotbethepathtosuccess.3．Thepoorareawhichdependsontourism(tour)isdevelopingveryquickly.4．Theyputuptheirtentsandsettleddownforthenight.5．We'vegotplentyoftime;there'snoneedto_rush(rush)．Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子1．Theoldmanintendedtosettle_down_in(定居)thecountryafterheretired.2．Not_all_the_students(并非所有學(xué)生)aregoodatlearningtheforeignlanguage.3．Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld,with_a_population_of(有……人口)about1.4billion.Ⅲ.分析長(zhǎng)難句Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawson[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個(gè)由and連接的并列復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)分句主句的主語(yǔ)是Thecity，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是wascrowdedwith。第二個(gè)分句的主語(yǔ)是they，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是left。第二個(gè)并列分句中包含一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和由as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中“therewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska”是一個(gè)省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句。[句意翻譯]城里擠滿了對(duì)定居沒(méi)有興趣的失望的人們，當(dāng)他們聽(tīng)說(shuō)阿拉斯加發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的金礦時(shí)，他們就像最初來(lái)時(shí)一樣迅速離開(kāi)了道森市。Ⅳ.主題語(yǔ)境寫作巴黎是法國(guó)的首都，也是一個(gè)夢(mèng)幻的城市，每年吸引世界各地大批游客來(lái)觀光游玩。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，用英語(yǔ)寫一篇介紹巴黎的小短文。1．地理位置：法國(guó)北部；2．人口：大約220萬(wàn)；3．氣候：不太熱也不太冷，春季和秋季最好；4．基本情況：歐洲第二大城市；法國(guó)的文化、教育、商業(yè)中心；時(shí)尚與浪漫之都，很多重大活動(dòng)在此舉行；有悠久的歷史和豐富的旅游資源，最著名的有埃菲爾鐵塔(theEiffelTower)、凱旋門(ArcdeTriomphe)和巴黎圣母院(Notre-DamedeParis)等。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：Paris,thecapitalofFrance,islocatedinthenorthofFrance.Ithasapopulationofabout2.2million.ItisthesecondlargestcityinEurope.Asfortheweather,itnevergetstoohotortoocold.Anditisatitsbestduringthespringandautumnmonths.Parisistheculture,education,andbusinesscentreofFrance.Itisacityoffashionandromance.Somanyimportanteventshavebeenheldhere.Parisisamoderncitywithalonghistorywhichhassomanyplacesforpeopletovisit.ThemostfamousaretheEiffelTower,AredeTriompheandNotre-DamedeParis.Inaword,Parisisreallyagreatandattractivecity.課下主題訓(xùn)練自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·德州高三檢測(cè))America'sfirsttranscontinentalrailroad,pleted150yearsagotodayatPromontorySummitinUtah,connectedthevastUnitedStatesandbroughtAmericaintothemodernage.Chineseimmigrantscontributedgreatlytothisnotableachievement,butthehistoricalaccountsthatfollowedoftenignoredtheirrole.Between1863and1869,asmanyas20,000Chineseworkershelpedbuildthedangerouswesternpartoftherailroad,awindingribbonoftrackknownastheCentralPacific.Atfirst,theCentralPacificRailroad'sdirectorswantedawhites-onlyworkforce.Whennotenoughwhitemensignedup,therailroadbeganhiringChinesemenforthebackbreakinglabor.panyleaderswereskepticalofthenewrecruits'abilitytodothework,but_they_provedthemselvesnotonlycapablebutevensuperiortotheotherworkers.Chineseworkerscutthroughdenseforests,filleddeepnarrowsteep-sidedvalley,constructedlongtrestles(高架橋)andbuiltenormousretainingwalls(防護(hù)墻)—someofwhichremainpleteandundamagedtoday.Allworkwasdonebyhandusingcarts,shovelsandpicksbutnomachinery.However,progresscameatgreatcost:anestimated1,200ChineselaborersdiedalongtheCentralPacificroute.Despitethesefacts,Chineseworkerswereoftenleftoutoftheofficialstorybecauseoftheiridentityofforeigners.Onthetranscontinentalrailroad's100thbirthday,theChineseworkerswerestillnothonored.Itwasanotherfiftyyearslaterthattheirrolewasgraduallyhighlighted.Tocelebratetherailroad's150thanniversaryin2019,theCaliforniaassemblypassedaresolutionin2017torecognizeandhonortheChineserailroadworkersbydesignatingMay10,2017,andeveryMay10thereafter,asCaliforniaChineseRailroadWorkersMemorialDay.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要講述了中國(guó)移民對(duì)美國(guó)第一條橫貫大陸的鐵路做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。盡管歷史上中國(guó)工人對(duì)鐵路的貢獻(xiàn)一直被忽視，但最終中國(guó)工人做出的貢獻(xiàn)得以被認(rèn)可。1．Whatdoes“they”inParagraph2referto?A．Chineselaborers. B．Whiteworkers.C．panyleaders. D．Railroaddirectors.解析：選A代詞指代題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whennotenough...thework”可知，當(dāng)沒(méi)有足夠的白人報(bào)名時(shí)，鐵路開(kāi)始雇用中國(guó)男子從事艱苦的勞動(dòng)。公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)新員工的工作能力表示懷疑，因此推斷畫線句意為“但他們證明自己不僅有能力，甚至優(yōu)于其他工人?！眛hey指代上文提到的中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力。故選A。2．WhydoestheauthormakesuchdetaileddescriptionsinParagraph3?A．ToproveChineseworkers'superiorskills.B．Tostressthedangeranddifficultyofthework.C．Todescribethegrandsceneryalongtherailroad.D．ToshownotableachievementsmadebyChineseworkers.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，本段主要闡述中國(guó)工人修建鐵路時(shí)付出了巨大的代價(jià)：估計(jì)有1200名中國(guó)勞工在鐵路建設(shè)中死亡。因此推斷詳細(xì)描述修建鐵路的工作過(guò)程是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)工作的危險(xiǎn)和困難。故選B。3．Whatdoesthetextintendtotellus?A．Nonesoblindasthosewhowon'tsee.B．Nopains,nogains.C．Truthwilletolightsoonerorlater.D．Doingisbetterthansaying.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可推斷，盡管歷史上中國(guó)工人對(duì)鐵路的貢獻(xiàn)一直不被認(rèn)可，但是最終在2017年他們的奉獻(xiàn)得以承認(rèn)。故C項(xiàng)“紙包不住火”是文章要告訴讀者的。故選C。4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheBirthoftheCentralPacificCostDearlyB．May10—ASpecialDayforChineseImmigrantsC．ChineseWorkers'ContributionsGainedRecognitionD．The150thanniversaryoftheCentralPacificRailroad解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段第二句以及最后一段最后一句可知，最終，中國(guó)工人的貢獻(xiàn)得以被認(rèn)可，故選C。BMadisonSquareGarden(MSG),aplaceforworld-famouseventsinNewYorkCity,hasactuallybeenagroupofbuildingsindifferentspotsratherthanasinglebuildinginonespot.In1874,P．T.BarnumthrewopenBarnum'sMonsterClassicalandGeologicalHippodrome(BMCGH)atthecornerofMadisonAvenueand26thStreet,acrossfromMadisonSquarePark.Twoyearslater,bandleaderPatrickGilmoreleasedthebuilding,addedstatuesandfountains,andrenameditGilmore'sGardens.WhenWilliamKissamVanderbilttookbackcontrolofthebuilding,itwasrenamedMadisonAnewgrandMadisonSquareWhenthesecondMadisonSquareGardenhadbeenreplacedinitsspotacrossfromMadisonSquarePark,theboxingpromoterTexRickardbuiltanewMadisonSquareGarden.ThisnewMadisonSquareGardenwasconstructedinadifferentplace,onAnewspotwasfoundagainforMadisonSquareGarden,withPennsylvaniaStationtobebuiltunderground.PlanswereannouncedfortheconstructionofMadison語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了麥迪遜廣場(chǎng)花園的歷史變遷，包括它的建筑時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及功能的變化。5．WhenwasBMCGHrenamedGilmore'sGardens?A．In1874. B．In1876.C．In1879. D．In1890.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段談到在1874年，P.T.Barnum開(kāi)放了BMCGH，兩年后，PatrickGilmore租下該建筑，更名為Gilmore'sGardens，故選B。6．WhichparagraphdiscussesthethirdconstructionofMSG?A．Thefirstparagraph. B．Thesecondparagraph.C．Thethirdparagraph. D．Thelastparagraph.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段談到第二代MSG，該MSG在1925年被拆掉；再根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第一句可知，第二代MSG被拆后，TexRickard修建了第三代MSG，接著下文還介紹了第三代MSG的位置離麥迪遜廣場(chǎng)公園和麥迪遜大道有相當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)的一段距離。所以涉及第三次建造MSG的內(nèi)容在第三段。7．Whatcanbeinferredabouttoday'sMSGfromthetext?A．ItisonMadisonAvenue.B．Ithasunbelievablegardens.C．It'sacrossfromMadisonD．Itisaboveatransportationcenter.解析：選D推理判斷題。最后一段中的“AnewspotwasfoundagainforMadisonSquareGarden,withPennsylvaniaStationtobebuiltunderground.”談到了如今麥迪遜廣場(chǎng)花園的地點(diǎn)，也就是賓夕法尼亞車站上面，故本題選D。8．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．MSGwasalwaysnamedafteranearbypark.B．MSGhasavariedhistoryinvariousspots.C．MSGishometomanydifferentsportingevents.D．MSGalwayshoststhehistory-makingmoments.解析：選B主旨大意題。閱讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了麥迪遜廣場(chǎng)花園的歷史變遷，包括不同時(shí)期的建筑地點(diǎn)以及功用的變化，故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Whathappenswhenyouwanttogofromoneplacetoanother,butthere'swaterintheway?That'stheproblempeoplefacedforhundredsofyearsintheareathatisnowNewYorkCity.Inthecity,thereisanaturalcanal(運(yùn)河)calledtheNarrows,separatingBrooklynononesidefromStatenIslandontheother.ButtheNarrowsisn'treallysonarrow.Thewaterisalmostamilewide,andit'smorethan100feetdeep.__1__Whentheywantedtota