2022高考英語一輪復習Module5NewspapersandMagazines學案必修2

Module5NewspapersandMagazines一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．a(chǎn)lienn． 外星人2．sailorn. 船員；水手3．a(chǎn)mateuradj. 業(yè)余的4．capsulen. 太空艙5．headlinen. (新聞報道等的)標題6．a(chǎn)stronomern. 天文學家(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．fann. (電影等的)迷2．partn. 角色3．foundvt. 創(chuàng)立；建立4．replacevt. 代替；取代5．a(chǎn)board_adv. 在船(飛機、火車、公共汽車)上6．weleint. 歡迎7．reviewn. 評論8．flightn. 飛行；班機(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．culturen．文化→culturaladj.文化的2．evidentadj.明顯的→evidence_n．證據(jù)3．congratulatevt.祝賀→congratulationn．祝賀4．financen．金融；財政→financialadj.金融的5．universen．宇宙→universal_adj.普遍的；全世界的；全體的6．economyn．經(jīng)濟→economic_adj.經(jīng)濟的7．a(chǎn)ctv．行動n．動作→actionn．行動→actorn．演員→actressn．女演員8．politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的→politiciann．政治家9．photographn．照片→photographyn．攝影→photographern．攝影師10．historyn．歷史→historicadj.有歷史意義的→historicaladj.歷史性的11．a(chǎn)chievevt.取得(成就)；達到→achievement_n．成就；功業(yè)；偉績12．delightvt.使高興n.高興；愉快→delightedadj.高興的；快樂的→delightfuladj.令人愉快的；可愛的13．believev．相信→beliefn．信念；信仰；信心→disbelief_n．不信；懷疑；疑惑14．producevt.創(chuàng)作→productionn．創(chuàng)作；生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量→productn．產(chǎn)品；產(chǎn)物[語境活用]1．Inordertobeeasuccessfulactor,_hedeterminedtotakeactionstopractiseavarietyofactssothathecanstarinthemovies.(act)2．Asafamousphotographer,_hetooklotsofgreatphotographswhichwereadoptedbythephotographyclub.(photograph)3．Doyouknowthehistoricalbackgroundofthehistoricevent？(history)4．Productionistheactionofproducingsomethingortheamountofproducts.(produce)5．Manyfriendscametocongratulatehimonhismarriage,andtheybroughtgiftstoexpresstheircongratulations.(congratulate)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．congratulationn．祝賀；祝賀詞(常用復數(shù))背詞條用法(1)offer/sendone'scongratulationstosb.(onsth.)(為某事)向某人表示祝賀express/acceptone'scongratulations表示/接受某人的祝賀(2)congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人祝賀congratulateoneselfonsth.為某事慶賀/感到高興背寫作佳句①IamwritingtoexpressmycongratulationsonyourwinningthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcontest.我寫信是為了表達我對你獲得英語演講比賽第一名的祝賀。②(2020·天津高考書面表達)Duringtheing-of-ageceremony,theheadmastercongratulatedusonsteppingintotheadult.在成人禮上，校長祝賀我們步入成年。2．delightedadj.高興的；快樂的背詞條用法(1)bedelightedat/with/by...對……感到高興bedelightedtodosth.很高興做某事(2)delightsb.with用……讓某人高興(3)takedelightin高興(做)某事；以(做)某事為樂toone'sdelight令某人高興的是with/indelight高興地；樂意地背寫作佳句①IamdelightedtohearthatyouwanttotakeacourseaboutChinesetraditionalculture.我很高興聽到你想學習中國傳統(tǒng)文化課程。②Toourdelight,mydadwentbackhomesafelyandhealthilyonSaturday.讓我們高興的是，我爸爸在星期六安全健康地回家了。③Ihavelearnedwithgreatdelightthatyouhavewonthechampionshipof16thEnglishContest.得知你獲得了第十六屆英語競賽的冠軍，我感到非常高興。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．now_that 既然2．believe_in 相信3．in_space 在太空4．in_total_ 總共；合計5．take_off_ 脫掉；(飛機等)起飛6．work_on 從事7．be_similar_to 和……相似8．on_earth_ 在世界上；究竟；到底9．be_divided_into 被分成10．concentrate_on 集中精力于；全神貫注于eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．intotal總共；合計；總計背相關短語atotalof總數(shù)為……totallydifferentfrom完全不同于totaldarkness/silence漆黑/寂靜背寫作佳句①Themusicfestivalwilllast4hoursintotalandhavemanywonderfulperformances.音樂節(jié)將持續(xù)4個小時，有很多精彩的表演。②TheteacherspokeEnglishthroughouttheclass，whichwastotallydifferentfromthelessonsIhadtakenbefore.老師整節(jié)課都講英語，這和我以前上的課完全不一樣。2．nowthat既然；由于背相關短語sothat以至于butthat若非，要不是inthat在這一點；因為背寫作佳句①Nowthatyouareacollegestudent,youshouldlearntobeindependentofyourparents'help.既然你是大學生，你就應該學會獨立，不依賴父母的幫助。②Myfatherwillbeavailableonthatdaysothathecandriveustothescene.我父親那天有空，所以他可以開車送我們?nèi)ガF(xiàn)場。③Butthatyoulenthimalargesumofmoney,hewouldhavegonebankrupt.要不是你借給他一大筆錢，他早就破產(chǎn)了。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．WhenYangtookofffromJiuquaninnorthwestChinaat9amyesterday,Chinabecamethethirdnationtosendamanintospace.(the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋todosth.“第幾個做某事的……”)昨天上午9點，楊利偉在中國西北部的酒泉起飛，中國成為第三個把人送入太空的國家。佳句①Ibecamethefirstmiddleschoolstudenttogetadmittedasavolunteerforthe13thNationalGames.我成為第一個被錄用為第13屆全運會志愿者的中學生。佳句②IwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.我很想采訪他，因為他不僅是第一個進入太空的中國人，而且是世界上最偉大的宇航員之一。2．AmateurastronomerDavidBateswaslookingatthemoonthroughhistelescopelastnightwhenhegotabigsurprise.[bedoing...when...意為“正在做……這時(突然)……”]昨天晚上，業(yè)余天文學家大衛(wèi)·貝茨昨晚正在用天文望遠鏡觀察月球，就在那時他有了一個驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)。佳句①IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正開車去倫敦，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)我走錯了路。佳句②Iwastakingawalkintheparkbathinginthesunwhensomethingunusualcaughtmyattention.我正在公園里散步并享受日光浴時，突然我被不尋常的事情吸引住了。3．Isthisthefirsttimehe'sseenalienslandingonthemoon？(Thisisthe＋序數(shù)詞＋time...“這是第……次……”)這是他第一次看見外星人登陸月球嗎？佳句①ThisisthesecondtimeshehasvisitedtheGreatWall.這是她第二次游覽長城。佳句②ThisisthefirsttimeI'vebeenavolunteer,soIamnowreceivingallthetraininginvolved.這是我第一次當志愿者，所以我現(xiàn)在正接受所有相關的培訓。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Itisreportedthatthenumberofthepeoplesufferingfromthefloodisstillontherise.據(jù)報道，遭受水災的人數(shù)還在上升。2．Ibelievewecancertainlyoverethedisasterwiththepublicandthegovernmentworkingtogether.我相信，在公眾和政府的共同努力下，我們一定能夠戰(zhàn)勝災難。3．TheInternetdevelopsrapidlywhichmakesitmoreconvenientforustoknowwhathappensbothathomeandabroad.網(wǎng)絡發(fā)展迅速，這讓我們更方便地了解國內(nèi)外所發(fā)生的事情。(二)背滿分作文——好習作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學點——申請信(三)[題目要求]假定你是李華，你報名參加的國際英語暑假訓練營擬將增設以下課程：cooking，swimming，givingfirstaid，playingfootball/basketball。請你寫一封申請信，報名參加其中一門課程的學習，內(nèi)容包括：1．你感興趣的一門課程；2．為什么想學這門課程；3．你期望從中學到什么。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearSir/Madam，I'mLiHua,amemberofthesummercamp.I'mgladtolearnthatthecampwillstartavarietyofoptionalcourses,ofwhichI'minterestedingivingfirstaid.I'mwritingtosignupforit.Ichoosetoattendthecourseduetothefactthatfirstaidisofgreatimportancetopeople.Ifapersongetsinjuredandneedsmedicalcarebeforeadoctorcanbecalledin,everysecondcountsinsavinglife,inwhichcasetheknowledgeoffirstaidcanmakeabigdifference.Besides,personally,Iplantostudymedicineanddevotemylifetomedicalresearch.Hopefully,thecoursewillhelpmetolearnabouthowtodealwithmedicalemergencies.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.Yours，LiHua[學亮點]1．學高級表達(1)使用高級詞匯和語塊，如：signupfor,dueto,beofgreatimportance,getinjured,makeabigdifference,devoteone'slifeto等，為文章增加了提分點。(2)準確使用高級句式，如：非限制性定語從句ofwhichI'minterestedin...和inwhichcasetheknowledgeoffirstaidcan...；同位語從句thefactthatfirstaidisofgreatimportancetopeople；條件狀語從句Ifapersongetsinjured...；時間狀語從句beforeadoctorcanbecalledin；“疑問詞＋不定式”結構howtodealwithmedicalemergencies；it作形式賓語Iwouldappreciateitif...等，增加了文章句式表達的多樣性，使表達更豐富。2．學精彩結尾結尾使用Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.一句表達了自己被考慮的愿望，簡潔明了，非常實用。3．防微點失分考生容易把“I'mgladtolearnthatthecampwillstartavarietyofoptionalcourses”中的courses誤用成course，或把“Ichoosetoattendthecourseduetothefactthatfirstaidisofgreatimportancetopeople.”中的due前誤加上is，從而導致失分。學案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Oliverplayedthepart(角色)ofHamletinShakespeare'sdrama.2．Theband'snewalbumhashadverygoodreviews(評論)．3．Likeancientsailors(水手),birdscanfindtheirwayusingthesunandthestars.4．WhenIamabouttogoaboard(在……上)aplanetogoabroad,Ioftenthinkaboutthis.5．Whenyouvisitamuseumyoumustaskforpermissionbeforetakingphotographs(照片)insideit.6．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(創(chuàng)立)in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems.財務的2．Abirdwatcher,armedwithatelescope,foundthepetsittingdesperatelyonarock.望遠鏡3．Astronomers—scientistswhostudystarsandplanets—havebeenplainingaboutthisproblemfordecades.天文學家4．Thepoliticianhasbeenwarnedthathewouldbegettingintogreattroublewerehetosticktohisstandpoint.政治家，政客5．(熟詞生義)Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.風扇6．(熟詞生義)Onlyyouproduceyoursoundcardlater,youareallowedtoenterthefactory.出示7．(熟詞生義)ThewindpartedthesmokejustenoughforhimtocatchsightofSibson.使……分散Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseofachievement(achieve).2.Thereisthebelief_(believe)that,ifyouarriveatanappointmentlate,youwillbeconsideredimportant.3．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Inthe18thand19thcenturies,wealthypeopletravelledandcollectedplants,historical_(history)objectsandworksofart.4．(2020·5月天津高考)Thelocalgovernmentdoesn'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotectiontopromoteeconomic_(economy)growth.5.(2020·江蘇高考)Thisactor_(act)oftenhasthefirsttwotricksplannedbeforeperforming,andthengoesforwhatever.名師點撥“一站清”(1)achievement意為“成績，成就”時，是不可數(shù)名詞；意為“某一次具體的成績或成就”時，是可數(shù)名詞。(2)belief,relief等抽象名詞后常接that引導的同位語從句。(3)后綴“or”或“er”表示“人”或男性，如：waiter,beginner,runner,tailor,author,inventor,visitor等。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．congratulation[明其義]n．祝賀；祝賀詞(常用復數(shù))[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Weofferedourcongratulations(congratulate)tohimonhissuccess.②(2019·天津高考)IhadhopedtosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIcouldn'tmanageit.(2)翻譯句子③我寫信是為了表達我對你的祝賀。I'm_writing_to_express/offer/send_my_congratulations_to_you.(3)選詞填空(congratulate,celebrate)④Wedecidedtohaveabigmealtocelebratemysister'sbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversityandcongratulateheronhersuccess.[解其困]congratulate,celebratecongratulate表示“慶祝，祝賀”。指對某人取得的成就或喜慶之事表示祝賀，其賓語是人，表示就某事祝賀某人時，常與介詞on搭配celebrate表示“慶祝，慶賀”。通常指舉行盛大隆重的儀式慶祝或紀念有意義的日子或某件事情，多暗示節(jié)日般的歡樂場面，賓語為事件2．delighted[明其義]adj.高興的；快樂的[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Muchto_herdelight,hecouldreadandunderstandeverything.②(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Whenhewasfoundthatitwasalltobehis,hewassodelighted_(delight)thathecouldhardlyspeak,buthisbrightsmilingfacespokeforhim.③Itisreallyanhonortohavehadadelightful(delight)talkwiththepresident,whichIwillvalueforever.(2)一句多譯(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)令我高興的是，你被邀請去中國友人家做客。④It_delights_me_thatyouareinvitedtoaChinesefriend'shouse.(it作形式主語)⑤To_my_delight/To_the_delight_of_me,_youareinvitedtoaChinesefriend'shouse.(介詞短語)⑥What_delights_me/makes_me_delighted_isthatyouareinvitedtoaChinesefriend'shouse.(what引導的主語從句)(3)補全句子⑦Onlywhenyoutake_great_delight_in_reading_andbeginreadinggoodbookswillyoutastethepleasureofreading.只有當你以閱讀為樂，開始讀好書，你才會品嘗到閱讀的樂趣。[解其困](1)delighted多用來修飾人，表示“高興的”；delightful多用來修飾物，表示“令人愉快的”。(2)表示“高興的，快樂的”形容詞除delighted外，還有joyful,pleased,happy,glad,cheerful等。學案(二)詞塊、句式的活學活用——強化關鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空nowthat，believein，concentrateon，intotal，besimilarto，takeoff，workon，bedividedinto1．It'shightimethatyouconcentrated_onyourworkathand!2．Youhavetobelieve_inyourself.That'sthesecretofsuccess.3.Now_that_youlikeputersverymuch,isn'tthatagoodideatogetaone?4.In_total,_200studentswentforthepicnic,includingsomefromNo.2HighSchool.5.IamleavingforShanghaithisSaturday,soIwanttoknowwhentheearliestplanetakes_off.6．TheSummerOlympicsusuallylastabouttwoweeksandtheeventsare_divided_into_fiveparts.7．Marydecidednottowork_ontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn'twantherparentstoknowwhatshewasdoing.8．Thetwobirdsresembleeachotherinshapeandcolor.Inotherwords,theyare_similar_toeachotherinshapeandcolor.名師點撥“一站清”(1)nowthat相當于since或while，意為“既然”，表示讓步。(2)intotal相當于totally。英語中的“介詞＋名詞”放在句首或句尾時，相當于副詞。(3)takeoff是表示“位移”的動詞短語，它可以像e,go,leave等詞一樣在主從復合句的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示“將來”發(fā)生的動作。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．nowthatVSsothat比較①Now_thatsmokingisharmfultoyou,whydon'tyougiveitup？②Thelittleboysavedeverycoinso_thathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.辨清(1)nowthat“既然，由于”，多位于句首，引導原因讓步狀語從句。(2)sothat“如此……以至于；以便”，引導目的或結果狀語從句。2．besimilartoVSbefamiliarto比較①Thisoldsongis_familiar_to_thoseChinesepeoplewholivedinthe60s.②Thebasicdesignofthecaris_similar_tothatofearliermodels.辨清(1)besimilarto“與……相似”，主語和賓語多為物。(2)befamiliarto“為……所熟悉”，后常接人作賓語。3．workonVSworkat比較①Oneyearago,Iworked_at_aChinesetraditionalmedicinestore.②I'mtiredtodeath;I'vebeenworking_onthewallthewholemorning.辨清(1)workat“在……(地方)工作，從事……學習”，其賓語不發(fā)生變化。(2)workon“從事……工作，影響”，其賓語多被主語改變。[句式的驗收盤點]Thisisthefirsttime...[通其用]補全句子①Thisisthefirsttimethatwehave_seen_a_film_inthecinematogetherasafamily.這是我們第一次一家人一起在電影院看電影。②Itishightimethatwe_took/should_take_effective_measures_tocontroltheenvironmentpollution.該是我們采取有效措施來控制環(huán)境污染的時候了。③ItwasthefirsttimeinfouryearsthatmydaughterKatehad_been_able_to_have_a_face-to-face_chat_withherChinesegrandfatherthroughWeChat.這是四年來我的女兒凱特第一次通過微信面對面地和她的中國爺爺聊天。[解其困](1)句式“This/Itis/wasthefirst/second...lasttime＋that從句”，表示“這是第一/第二/……最后一次……”。that引導的是定語從句，that在口語中常省略。(2)Itistime(forsb.)todosth.表示“該是(某人)做某事的時候了”。(3)Itis(high/about)time＋that...表示“是該做……的時候了”，that從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”或一般過去式，should不可省略。學案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學科素養(yǎng)2019全國卷Ⅲ·閱讀理解C篇——對接課標主題：社會進步與人類文明(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisually①forbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.[2]Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—aterm②referringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.[3]Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.eq\o(Ithadbeenpossible,\s\do4(1))(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbemonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged—andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublic'sfancy③，andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.[4]Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企業(yè))wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling④.［析微點·厚積語言基礎］①構詞法——adj.＋-ly→adv.詞源：visualadj.視力的；視覺的visual＋-ly→visuallyadv.視覺上；可見地②微積累——熟詞生義：termn．學期(熟義)n．術語(生義)通句式——句子(1)為并列句，第一個分句中it作形式主語，不定式短語tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830為真正的主語。第二個分句中meant后跟省略了that的賓語從句。③微積累——fancy短語小結：catch/takeone'sfancy吸引某人，中某人的意takeafancyto喜歡；愛上fancydoing想要做④微技法——根據(jù)語境猜測詞語意思：第四段中的“Publishersalreadyinbusiness...hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.”表明一些成功人士不愿去改變傳統(tǒng)，再結合“Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.”可推知gettheballrolling意思為“開始做某事；繼續(xù)做某事”。[理脈絡——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]28．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?A．Academic. B．Unattractive.C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.”可知，在19世紀30年代前，大多數(shù)報紙對廣大讀者缺乏吸引力。故選B。29．Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?A．Theywouldbepricedhigher.B．Theywoulddisappearfromcities.C．Theycouldhavemorereaders.D．Theycouldregainpublictrust.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Thetrend,then,wastowardthe‘pennypaper’—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.”以及第三段中的“However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbemonplaceineasterncities.”可知，“便士報”指的是公眾可廣泛購得的報紙，“便士報”有更多的讀者，而正是街頭銷售使其變得隨處可見。故選C。30．Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?A．Localpoliticians. B．monpeople.C．Youngpublishers. D．Richbusinessmen.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。最后一段首句“Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor‘themanonthestreet’didnotbeginwell.”中的“themanonthestreet”指“普通人”。故選B。31．Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?A．Itwasadifficultprocess.B．Itwasatemporarysuccess.C．Itwasarobberyofthepoor.D．Itwasadisasterforprinters.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首句“Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.”及最后一段的“Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor‘themanonthestreet’didnotbeginwell.”可知，“便士報”的發(fā)展變化絕非發(fā)生在一夜之間，而是經(jīng)歷了一個艱難的過程。故選A。[為什么考·有何價值——導向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質文中第31題主要考查學生的邏輯性思維。根據(jù)第三段首句和第四段內(nèi)容尤其是第一句和最后一句可知，由于早期大多數(shù)報紙缺乏對大眾的吸引力，后來出現(xiàn)了“便士報”，但“便士報”的發(fā)展不是一朝一夕的，而是經(jīng)歷了一個艱難的過程，故由此邏輯關系可推知，“便士報”的誕生經(jīng)歷了一個艱難的過程。所以考生要注重邏輯性思維，學會理清文章的脈絡。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了19世紀30年代美國報紙大眾化的發(fā)展過程。報紙是大眾傳播的重要載體，具有反映和引導社會輿論的功能，報紙的發(fā)展推動了社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，報紙業(yè)的飛躍推動了新聞媒體的產(chǎn)業(yè)化，選文通過講述報紙大眾化的發(fā)展過程旨在引導學生如何從適應社會需求的角度，做一個適應未來社會的人。同時讓學生了解社會發(fā)展的規(guī)律，為其職業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢、個人職業(yè)選擇及未來規(guī)劃有一個明確的目標。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘學習能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Withtheplancarriedoutinourcity,wecanbetterappealtopeopletoreducepollution.2．Rememberherbirthdayandgethersomething,evenifitisthesimpleandinexpensive(expensive)gift.3．Therestaurantchargedme$20forthedinner.4．Abouttwomilliontouristscameannually(annual)tovisitthegreatmuseum.5．Asmallamountofmoneywas_spent(spend)ontheimprovementofourlivingconditions.Ⅱ.補全句子1．Themanreferred_to(提到)atthemeetingisfromasmallvillageofAfrica.2．TheItaliandressonsaleinthedepartmentstorecaught_Lucy's_fancy(中露西的意)．3．Greatchangeshave_taken_place(發(fā)生)inmyhometowninthepasttenyears.Ⅲ.分析長難句1．Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper；perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.[句式解構]本句是一個由分號連接兩個分句，這兩個分句的主語都是it，謂語動詞都是meant。在第二個分句中that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞newspapers。[句意翻譯]這意味著任何便宜的報紙；也許更重要的是，這意味著可以在街上買到一份報紙。2．Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.[句式解構]本句是一個主從復合句。主句的主語是Publishers，謂語動詞是had。其中peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers在句中作同位語，解釋說明Publishers；who引導定語從句，修飾名詞people。[句意翻譯]已經(jīng)進入商業(yè)領域的出版商，或者說那些擁有成功報紙的人，幾乎不想改變這個傳統(tǒng)。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作由于科技的發(fā)展，我們只是通過網(wǎng)絡來獲取新聞，很少去看報紙。一天你買了一份報紙，再次體會到通過報紙讀新聞的樂趣。請你就此情景寫一篇小短文。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,mostlywegetnewsthroughtheInternetandseldomreadnewspapers.Oneday,Iboughtanewspaperandsetouttoreadit.ThemoreinformationIread,themoreabsorbedIwas.Atthattime,IfeltIhadlostsomuchpleasureofreadingbecauseoftheconvenienceoftheInternet.Atthesametime,Imadeupmymindtoformthehabitofreadingnewspapersagain.Allinall,weshouldkeepitinmindthatweshouldn'tlettheconvenienceofthelifestopuskeepingourgoodhabit.課下主題訓練社會進步與人類文明Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2021·鄭州模擬)EverymorningIwalkoutsideandbringinthemorningnewspaper.Therewasatimewheneveryhouseonbothsidesofthestreethadanewspaperinthedriveway.Therewasalsoatimewheneveryhousehadalandlinetelephone,butnotanymore.Notforalongtime.Myhusbandislesswillingtoacceptthedownwardtrendofprint-editionnewspapers,ashehasworkedinnewspaperssincetheageof16.Evenbeforethat,hewaswhatyouwouldcallan“independentpublisher”．Recently,wewereataChicagoparkwithourgrandchildren.Myhusbandhadanewspaperfoldedunderhisarm.Hesatdownandputthepaperonthebenchbesidehim.Ayounggirlwalkedover,lookedatthenewspaper,pickeditupandasked,“What'sthis？”Ithoughthewasgoingtofallover.Thecolorfadedfromhisface.Hiseyesrolledbackinhisheadandhis_legs_were_giving_out.Irolleduphispaperandwaveditunderhisnose.Thesmellsfromtheinkwokehimup.Somepeoplesimplylovepaper—thefeel,theportability,andthepleasureofpilingthemhigherandhigheruntiltheirwifecries,“Enough！”Myhusbandwashappywhenhespenttimewithouryoungestdaughterandherhusband.Whentheylivedwithus,theyracedtopullthecrosswordpuzzlefromthepapereveryday.It'shardtodoacrosswordonline.Pencildoesn'teoffaputerscreenaseasilyasyoumightthink.NowmyhusbandwillbeveryexcitedthatIhavefoundfurtherproofthattheremaystillbehopeforthesurvivalofprint.Iwaschattingwithayoungmotherwhosubscribestothedailynewspaper.Iaskedwhyshedidsomethingsoconservatively.Shelookedshocked.“Becauseit'sprint！”shesaid.“Iloveprint!Whenthepaperdidn'teoneday,wouldyoubelieveIcalledthemainnumbertoletthemknowandtheladysaid,‘Whydon'tyoujustsubscribetotheonlineversion？’”Sheshookherheadindisbelief.Myhusbandwillbesothrilledthathemightwritethisyoungwomanintohiswill.Isayweleaveherallourpilesofoldnewspapers.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者的丈夫從16歲時起就從事與報紙有關的工作，文章講述了作者的丈夫與一些人關于報紙的故事，表達了作者的丈夫對“印刷報紙”永恒的愛。1．Howdidtheauthor'shusbandfeelwhenagirlaskedaquestioninthepark?A．Shocked. B．Thrilled.C．Disappointed. D．Confused.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知，他在聽到女孩的問題時，震驚地要暈倒了。A項(震驚的)符合文章描述，故選A項。2．Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanbysaying“hislegsweregivingout”?A．Hewasfeelingtiredandneededarest.B．Hewasveryoldandunabletostandlong.C．Healmostlosthisbalanceandbecameunconscious.D．Hewasannoyedwiththegirlandplayedatrickonher.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，作者說hislegsweregivingout(他的腿在抽搐)是想表達出他在知道小女孩竟然不知道他最在意的報紙是什么東西時，幾乎要失去了平衡，失去了知覺。故選C項。3．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotelluswiththeexampleoftheyoungmother?A．Manyyoungpeoplefollowanold-fashionedlifestyle.B．It'sinconvenientfortheoldtoreadonlinenewspapers.C．There'restillyoungpeoplewholoveprintednewspapers.D．Printednewspaperswillbereplacedbyonlinenewspapers.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中的“ayoungmotherwhosubscribestothedailynewspaper”及“Becauseit'sprint！”shesaid.“Iloveprint！”可知，這位年輕的母親喜歡印刷報紙，由此可推測出作者是為了表達還是有年輕人喜歡印刷報紙的。故選C項。4．Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthepassage?A．Thenewriseofdigitalnewspapersontheline.B．Aman'severlastingloveforprintednewspapers.C．Thepleasureoflookingthroughdailynewspapers.D．Afamily'smemoryofreadingprintednewspapers.解析：選B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Myhusbandislesswilling...ageof16.”及最后一段中的“Myhusbandwillbesothrilledthathemightwritethisyoungwomanintohiswill.”及通讀全文可知，文章講述了作者丈夫與一些人關于報紙的故事，表達了作者丈夫對“印刷報紙”永恒的愛。故選B項。Ⅱ.完形填空DaysafterNewJerseyresidentswereorderedtostayathomelastweekbecauseofthecoronavirus，SandyandJohnDriskawererunning__1__ongroceries.ThenSandyDriska,72,hearthroughafriendthatanacquaintancewho__2__thelocalnewspaper,foundatypednote__3__upinhermorningpaper.“MynameisGregDaileyandIdeliveryournewspapereverymorning，”thenote__4__.“Iunderstandduringthese__5__timesitisdifficultforsometogetoutoftheirhousetogeteveryday__6__Iwouldliketooffermyservices__7__toanyonewhoneedsgroceries.”Itincludedhisphonenumber.Shewasskeptical，butshe___8___anywaybecauseshewasfeelingdesperate.Sandysaid，“IcalledGreg,andhedeliveredD|S302ofgroceriestothefrontofmygaragetheverynextdaywithoutchargingmeapenny__9__.”Dailey,50，isaself-described“shyguy”．Butwhenhenoticedthatanoldercustomerdidn'twanttowalkdowntothesidewalkto__10__hermorningnewspaperafterthecoronaviruspandemicarrived,itmadehimthinktheremustbeplentyofpeopleonhis__11__whowereafraidtoleavetheirhome—evenforgroceries.Somegrocerystoresdeliver，butitcan__12__daysorweeks.Customershavetofigureouthowto__13__theirordersonline,whichcanbe__14__，andthentherearedelivery__15__topay,afinancial__16__formany.Daileysatdownathisputerandtypedouta(n)__17__toshopforall800ofhisnewspapercustomersand__18__elseinhisdeliveryareathatmightneedalittlehelp.Afewdaysago,hereceivedanotherthank-younotefromalongtimesubscriber，“You'rethe__19__thingtoanangelI'veeverseen.”“Doyouknowwhatthatdoestoyourheart?Ijust__20__，”Daileysaid.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在疫情期間，因為不能正常出門，許多人生活必需品出現(xiàn)短缺。Dailey作為該地區(qū)的報紙配送員，主動提出幫大家免費配送生活日用品，得到了大家的感謝和贊美。1．A.low B．highC．small D．large解析：選A根據(jù)第三段中的“Shewasskeptical,but...meapenny__9__.”可知，她聯(lián)絡Dailey，Sandy說他已經(jīng)給Dailey打了，并且Dailey第二天會免費給他把302美金的食品送到他們前面的車庫，這說明Sandy和JohnDriska的食品已經(jīng)快用完了。runlow表示“快用完了；缺少”的意思，runlowongroceries指食品短缺。故選A項。2．A.contributedto B．subscribedtoC．a(chǎn)ppliedto D．submittedto解析：選B根據(jù)下文“foundatypednote__3__upinhermorningpaper”可知，在她的晨報里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個紙條，說明她訂閱了報紙，故選B項。3．A.rolled B．pulledC．wound D．cleared解析：選A根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，這是一個放在報紙里的紙條，rolledup在此處做被動表示被卷成桶狀的紙條。故選A項。4．A.wrote B．spokeC．read D．warned解析：選C這里是說紙條上寫著送報紙人的信息。wrote雖有寫的意思，但是用法應該是writedown。此處應用read，意為“紙條上寫著一句話”。故選C項。5．A.inspiring B．boringC．consuming D．trying解析：選B根據(jù)“itisdifficultforsometogetoutoftheirhousetogeteveryday__6__”可知，一些人這段時間不能離開家，說明這樣的日子是很讓人厭煩的，故選B項。6．A.loads B．productsC．necessities D．packages解析：選C根據(jù)“Iwouldliketooffermyservices__7__toanyonewhoneedsgroceries”可知，他可以幫那些需要食物的人提供幫助，所以此處應該是由于不能離開家而無法獲得每天的必需品。食物這些是屬于必需品，necessity意為“必需品”，故選C項。7．A.forgood B．forcertainC．foronce D．forfree解析：選D根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，給“我”送食品是免費的，那么說明GregDailey提供的這項服務是免費的，故選D項。8．A.reachedout B．gotoutC．gaveout D．foundout解析：選A根據(jù)第三段第一句“Itincludedhisphonenumber.”可知，紙條上有Greg的號碼，所以Sandy聯(lián)絡了他，故選A項。9．A.less B．fewerC．more D．higher解析：選C根據(jù)“Iwouldliketooffermyservices__7__toanyonewhoneedsgroceries.”可知，他為需要幫助的人提供免費服務，所以為Sandy送東西也是免費的。withoutchargingmeapennymore意為“沒有多收一分錢”，故選C項。10．A.takeup B．pickupC．giveup D．putup解析：選B根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，這個老者是不想離開家走到人行道上取走他的報紙，故選B項。11．A.avenue B．a(chǎn)pproachC．route D．lane解析：選C根據(jù)“itmadehimthinktheremustbeplentyofpeopleonhis__11__whowereafraidtoleavetheirhome—evenforgroceries.”可知，這些人都是在他派送報紙的路線上的人。故選C項。12．A.spend B．takeC．cost D．charge解析：選B根據(jù)第五段第一句可知，許多雜貨店送貨，但是需要花費幾天或者幾周的時間。表示花費時間，只A、B兩項符合，但A項是spendtimeindoing/onsomething，所以A項排除，只能用take，故選B項。13．A.put B．placeC．set D．send解析：選B根據(jù)“theremust