中考英語二輪復習課件：專題一+名詞

專題一

名詞考點一

名詞分類一、普通名詞和專有名詞；可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞普通名詞可數(shù)名詞book、flower等集合名詞family、police、people等不可數(shù)名詞tea、snow等專有名詞表示具體特定的人、地點、山、海、河、湖、月份、星期、組織、事件等Li

Bai;

Beijing;

the

Pacific

Ocean;

March;

Sunday;

Red

Cross;

World

War

II【補充】初中階段常見不可數(shù)名詞飲食milk;

water;

tea;

wine;

juice;

bread;

rice;

salt;

meat;

beef;

pork;

soap;

butter材料glass;

wood;

cotton;

gold;

silver自然air;

light;

ice;

weather;

snow其他money；

fun;

paper（指紙、紙張時）;news；

information；

knowledge;

advice；

music；

work（指工作時）;

homework;

housework二、有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞，但詞義不同單詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)單詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)chicken雞雞肉exercise練習；習題運動beauty美人美麗glass玻璃杯玻璃experience（一次）經(jīng)歷經(jīng)驗life一段生活經(jīng)歷生命fish魚；魚的種類魚肉orange橙子橙汁paper試卷；論文紙room房間空間iron熨斗鐵light電燈光三、有些單詞單復數(shù)形式代表的詞義不同名詞單數(shù)形式名詞復數(shù)形式work工作works作品good好處goods商品；貨品cloth布clothes衣服time時間times時代；倍數(shù)wood木頭woods樹林glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯；眼鏡(

)1.

In

the

Nanjing

Art

Museum,

visitors

can

see

various

______

of

art

by

local

artists,

including

oil

paintings

and

sculptures.BA.

work

B.

works

C.

job

D.

labour(

)2.

The

amount

of

air

______

has

decreased

in

recent

years

because

of

the

city’s

strict

environmental

measures.AA.

pollution

B.

pollute

C.

polluted

D.

polluter(

)3.

______,

which

is

celebrated

on

the

fifth

day

of

the

fifth

month

of

the

lunar

calendar,

is

a

traditional

Chinese

holiday

known

for

dragon

boat

races

and

eating

zongzi.A.

The

Dragon

Boat

Festival

B.

The

Labour

DayC.

The

Double

Ninth

Festival

D.

The

Lantern

FestivalA(

)4.

In

the

countryside,

the

house

was

surrounded

by

______which

provide

a

peaceful

and

natural

environment.BA.

wood

B.

woods

C.

wooden

D.

woody(

)5.

Can

you

get

me

some

______?

I’m

thirsty.DA.

beef

B.

cheese

C.

bread

D.

juice考點二

可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)一、可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)變化方法1.名詞復數(shù)的規(guī)律變化情況構成方法示例一般情況加-smap—maps;

bag—bags以s,

x,

ch,

sh結尾加-esbus—buses;

box—boxes;watch—watches；

wish—wishes以輔音字母加y結尾將y變?yōu)閕再加-esfactory—factories;

country—countries情況構成方法示例以元音字母加y結尾只加-sboy—boys;

day—days以o結尾（有生命的）加-eshero—heroes;

tomato—tomatoespotato—potatoes（巧記：英雄喜歡吃西紅柿和馬鈴薯。）（無生命的）加-sradio—radios;

photo—photos;

piano—pianos續(xù)表情況構成方法示例以f

或fe

結尾將f或fe變?yōu)関再加-eswife—wives;

thief—thieves；

shelf—shelvesknife—knives;

half—halves;

leaf—leaveswolf—wolves;

life—lives加-sroof—roofs;

proof—proofs【易錯】month—months

mouth—mouths續(xù)表2.名詞復數(shù)的特殊變化（1）單復數(shù)不同形單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)childchildrenfootfeetmanmentoothteethwomanwomenmousemice（2）單復數(shù)同形單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)sheepsheepdeerdeerfish（魚的條數(shù)）fishSwissSwiss（3）某國人變復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)ChineseChineseJapaneseJapaneseEnglishmanEnglishmenFrenchmanFrenchmenAmericanAmericansAustralianAustralians易錯：

German—Germans【口訣】中日不變英法變，其余-s加后面。（4）集體名詞的單復數(shù)隨句子意義而定。如：My

family

is

a

big

one.我家是個大家庭。His

family

enjoy

watching

TV

together

at

weekends.

他家人喜歡在周末一起看電視。（5）表示由兩部分構成的東西，如glasses（眼鏡），trousers（褲子）,

shorts（短褲）,scissors（剪刀）等，若表達具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞pair（對，

雙）等,如：a

pair

of

glasses,

two

pairs

of

trousers。二、名詞作定語（1）名詞作定語修飾復數(shù)名詞的時候，前面的名詞一般不改成復數(shù)。如：a

boy

student—boy

students

an

apple

tree—apple

trees（2）man和woman作定語修飾名詞時，復數(shù)要把被修飾名詞和man/woman同時變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)。如：a

woman

teacher—women

teachers

a

man

lawyer—men

lawyers(

)1.

I

have

visited

many

______

around

the

world,

including

France,

Italy

and

Spain.BA.

country

B.

countries

C.

city

D.

cities(

)2.

A

single

______

walked

into

the

café

and

ordered

a

cup

of

coffee.AA.

Frenchman

B.

Frenchmen

C.

Frenchmans

D.

French(

)3.

My

grandpa

needs

to

wear

______

to

read

the

newspaper

because

his

vision

is

not

good.CA.

a

glass

B.

glassC.

glasses

D.

a

pair

of

glasses(

)4.

The

mountain

is

over

10,000

______

high.BA.

foot

B.

feet

C.

foots

D.

feets(

)5.

All

the

______

in

our

class

are

required

to

participate

in

the

sports

meet.BA.

boy

student

B.

boy

students

C.

boys

students

D.

boys

student考點三

名詞所有格1.’s

所有格情況所有格形式示例一般情況的單數(shù)名詞在詞尾加’sthe

old

woman’s

daughter這位老婦人的女兒Mother’s

Day

母親節(jié)以s結尾的復數(shù)名詞在詞尾加’Teachers’

Day

教師節(jié)不以s結尾的復數(shù)名詞在詞尾加’sChildren’s

Day

兒童節(jié)International

Women’s

Day

國際婦女節(jié)表示兩者共有A

and

B’sTom

and

Tony’s

mother湯姆和托尼共同的媽媽表示各自所有A’s

and

B’sTom’s

and

Tony’s

mothers湯姆和托尼各自的媽媽表示時間、距離或度量衡單位的名詞單數(shù)加’s；復數(shù)加’today’s

homework

今天的家庭作業(yè)ten

days’

holiday

十天的假期續(xù)表【補充】表示在住宅、診所、醫(yī)院、店鋪等時，名詞所有格的后面經(jīng)常省略它所修飾的名詞。

如：at

Lily’s

在莉莉家

at

the

doctor’s在診所

at

the

barber’s在理發(fā)店2.of所有格：主要用于無生命名詞的所有關系，常用“名詞

+

of

+

名詞”來表示。如：the

name

of

the

film

電影的名字the

cover

of

the

book

書的封面3.雙重所有格：用“名詞

+

of

+

名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格”表示雙重所有格。如：a

friend

of

hers

她的一個朋友a

relative

of

Tom’s

湯姆的一個親戚4.一些特別的用法（1）“名詞+to+名詞”短語：the

answer

to

the

question問題的答案the

key

to

the

door

門的鑰匙the

way

to

the

theater

去劇院的路（2）復合形容詞的兩種構成方式：①數(shù)詞+名詞單數(shù)+形容詞（各單詞間用連字符連接）②數(shù)詞+名詞單數(shù)（單詞間用連字符連接）an

eight-year-old

boy

一個8歲的男孩a

200-metre

race

一場200米賽跑(

)1.

______

decision

to

donate

all

savings

to

charity

was

truly

admirable.BA.

Smiths

B.

Smith’s

C.

Smiths’

D.

Smith(

)2.

A

picture

of

my

sister

was

hanging

on

the

wall

of

______

office.BA.

Tom’s

and

Mary’s

B.

Tom

and

Mary’sC.

Tom

and

Mary

D.

Tom’s

and

Mary(

)3.

—I

heard

you

went

to

______

last

weekend.

How

was

it?—It

was

fantastic!

I

loved

the

atmosphere

there.CA.

the

baker

B.

baker’s

C.

the

baker’s

D.

bakers’一、單項選擇(

)1.

(2024·濱州中考)—On

April

25th,

2024,

China’s

Shenzhou-18

spacecraft

（宇宙飛船）

flew

to

space

successfully.—Wow,

China’s

space

technology

has

reached

a

new

______.CA.

method

B.

energy

C.

height

D.

industry(

)2.

(2024·揚州中考)—Do

you

know

why

zebrafish

are

taken

to

Shenzhou-18?—They

have

______

like

small

size

and

short

development

cycle.BA.

stages

B.

advantages

C.

messages

D.

passages(

)3.

(2024·安徽中考)—Art

serves

as

a

______

between

different

nations.

—Yes.

It

really

helps

cross-cultural

communication.DA.

river

B.

wall

C.

palace

D.

bridge(

)4.

(2023·武漢中考)—Peter

was

picked

out

to

be

on

the

school

volleyball

team.—His

height

gives

him

a

big

______.DA.

situation

B.

challenge

C.

achievement

D.

advantage(

)5.

(2023·濱州中考)—What’s

your

secret

of

writing

so

well?—I

read

a

lot,

and

the

works

of

Lu

Xun

had

a

strong

______

on

me

as

a

child.DA.

difference

B.

attention

C.

situation

D.

influence(

)6.

(2023·白銀中考)Put

______

first

and

be

careful

while

riding

on

the

road!DA.

interest

B.

money

C.

knowledge

D.

safety(

)7.

(2023·揚州中考)—What

places

of

interest

are

there

in

Yangzhou?—I

recommend

the

Slender

West

Lake.

A

boat

tour

is

a

wonderful

______!CA.

movement

B.

attraction

C.

experience

D.

research(

)8.

(2023·天津中考)People

all

over

the

world

love

pandas,

and

the

panda

has

become

a

______

of

China.DA.

festival

B.

poem

C.

guest

D.

symbol(

)9.

(2023·安徽中考)The

proper

______

of

your

spare

time

will

make

your

life

colorful.BA.

date

B.

use

C.

name

D.

cause(

)10.

(2023·江西中考)—Kevin,

could

you

pass

me

some

______?

It’s

so

hot

today.

I’m

really

thirsty.—OK.

Here

you

are.CA.

rice

B.

bread

C.

water

D.

chicken(

)11.

So

many

young

people

regard

______

as

the

most

delicious

drink.CA.

salad

B.

porridge

C.

milk

shake

D.

tea(

)12.

(2022·連云港中考)The

hat

is

not

the

right

______

for

me.

I’d

like

a

smaller

one.AA.

size

B.

style

C.

colour

D.

material(

)13.

(2022·宿遷中考)My

grandma

is

good

at

paper-cutting.

She

can

cut

out

pictures

in

the

______

of

cartoon

characters.CA.

ability

B.

weight

C.

shape

D.

quality(

)14.

(2022·揚州中考)We

youths

do

our

best

for

our

dreams

and

together

a

small

success

can

give

us

a

sense

of

______.AA.

achievement

B.

department

C.

treatment

D.

entertainment(

)15.

(2022·達州中考)—I

want

to

learn

more

about

the

history

of

Tang

Dynasty.—Why

not

use

the

Internet

to

find

more

______?AA.

information

B.

messages

C.

advice

D.

discussions(

)16.

—Do

you

like

black

coffee,

Miss

Green?—No,

I’d

like

sweet

coffee.

Please

put

some

______

in

it.CA.

ice

B.

salt

C.

sugar

D.

milk(

)17.

(2022·十堰中考)The

______

of

oil

goes

higher

and

higher

because

of

the

war.AA.

price

B.

pride

C.

progress

D.

promise(

)18.

(2022·重慶A卷)This

year,

the

family

went

camping

on

______

Day,

June

1st.DA.

Child

B.

Child’s

C.

Children

D.

Children’s(

)19.

—Betty,

you’d

better

follow

the

doctor’s

______

and

do

more

exercise.—I

will.

Thank

you.AA.

advice

B.

agreement

C.

information

D.

bill(

)20.

(2022·天津中考)Most

parents

think

it

is

a

good

______

to

take

a

school

bus

because

it’s

quite

safe.BA.

risk

B.

choice

C.

game

D.

pity(

)21.

(2022·安徽中考)—I

do

morning

exercises

every

day.

It

works

my

whole

body.—It’s

a

good

habit.

It

helps

you

keep

in

good

______.CA.

time

B.

touch

C.

health

D.

silence(

)22.

(2022·重慶B卷)It’s

raining

heavily.

Please

take

the

______.CA.

stone

B.

flower

C.

umbrella

D.

postcard(

)23.

(2022·江西中考)Which

ice

cream

do

you

want,

Mary?

You

can’t

have

all

of

them.

You

have

to

make

a

______.CA.

wish

B.

survey

C.

choice

D.

call(

)24.

(2022·云南中考)Miss

Li

has

lots

of

teaching

______.

She

has

her

own

ways

to

make

classes

lively

and

interesting.CA.

exercise

B.

excitement

C.

experience

D.

environment(

)25.

(2022·武漢中考)—Why

do

you

practice

Tai

Chi

every

day?—Because

this

Chinese

form

of

exercise

helps

me

relax

and

find

my

inner

（內(nèi)心的）

______.DA.

voice

B.

quality

C.

beauty

D.

peace(

)26.

(2022·新疆中考)—I

find

there

are

more

and

more

overweight

children

in

our

school.—Exactly,

so

we

should

have

good

eating

______.DA.

tasks

B.

choices

C.

grades

D.

habits(

)27.

(2022·武威中考)The

______

rang

and

Pat

answered

it.

It

was

his

son

calling

from

New

York.AA.

telephone

B.

doorbell

C.

clock

D.

bike(

)28.

(2022·溫州中考)—Jack,

I

have

no

idea

for

the

report.—Me

neither.

Why

don’t

we

ask

the

teacher

for

______?AA.

help

B.

jokes

C.

food

D.

tickets二、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.

“Learn

through

use”

is

a

good

piece

of_______（advise）

for

those

who

are

studying

a

new

language.2.

There

was

a

worried___________（express）

on

her

face.3.

I

can’t

thank

you

enough

for

your_________（kind）.4.

The

scientists

found

out

that

the

river

was

orange

because

of

the_________（pollute）.5.

Thank

you

very

much

for

the__________（invite），Lily.adviceexpressionkindnesspollutioninvitation6.

Start

building

a

strong

___________（connect）.7.

It

might

mean

the__________（differ）

between

life

and

death.8.

Are

you

taking

piano________（lesson）?9.

After

several__________