2025版新教材高考英語全程一輪總復習Unit4NaturalDisasters學生用書新人教版必修第一冊

必修第一冊UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS過基礎(chǔ)·語基落實(一)分類識記單詞——用時少·功效高識記單詞寫對Ⅰ.知其意1．tornadon.____________2．droughtn.____________3．landsliden.____________4．tsunamin.____________5．magnituden.____________6．helicoptern.____________7．crackn.____________vi.&vt.____________8．brickn.____________9．metaln.____________10．evacuatevt.____________vi.____________11．volcanon.____________12．sheltern.____________vt.____________vi.____________13．hurricanen.____________14．pipen.____________15．kitn.____________16．summaryn.____________Ⅱ.寫其形1．________n．災難；災難2．________vi.&vt.(使)滑行；滑動3．________n．洪水；大量vi.沉沒；大量涌入vt.使灌滿水；沉沒4．________vt.摧毀；毀滅5．________vt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動6．________vi.&vt.破壞；毀壞7．________n．電；電能8．________vt.安葬；安葬9．________vi.&vt.統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體10．__________n．[pl.]補給品；供應(yīng)(量)；補給vt.供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)11．________vi.&vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍n.水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲12．________vi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨n.哨子(聲)；咆哮聲13．________n．救濟；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.(formal)幫助；救濟14．________vt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n．撞車；碰撞核心單詞練透1．Itismyfirmbeliefthatonlywithjoint________(努力)canwehaveabettertomorrow.[2024·全國甲卷應(yīng)用文]2．Whenapproachingthefinishline,heburstintoabigtoothysmileand________(揮手)tomewithexcitement.[2024·新高考Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫]3．Icometoyou,hatinhand,toapologizeforthe________(損失)Ihadindirectlycausedandtoaskyoutoreconsidermylifetimebanfromthehotel.[2024·全國卷甲]4．Afterhehadbeen________(使落入險境)formorethan40hours,hewassavedbya________(救援)team.5．Whilewewereintheirhome,wehelpeddoathoroughcleaning,________(打掃)thefloorandtidyingthehouse.6．Ifyouarelostinthemountains,stay________(冷靜的)inthefaceofdarkness,lonelinessandtheunknown.7．Apowerfultyphoon________(侵襲)mytownseveralyearsagoandalargenumberofpeoplebecamehomeless.拓展單詞用活【記全記牢】1．rescuen．&vt.營救；救援→________n．救援者2．revivevt.&vi.復活；(使)醒悟→________n．振興；復蘇3．wiseadj.明智的→________adj.不明智的→________n．才智；才智4．suffervt.遭遇；蒙受vi.(因疾病、苦痛、哀痛等)受苦→________n．受難；苦楚→________n．患難者；患病者5．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出→________n．噴發(fā)6．powern．電力供應(yīng)；能量；力氣；限制力→________adj.強大的；強壯的→powerlessadj.無力的7．delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達vt.發(fā)表→________n．投遞；送交8．longadj.長的→________n．長；長度→________v．(使)變長【用準用活】9．Peoplewere________toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.The________news________allthepeoplearound.(shock)10．Masteringsomebasicskillswouldgreatlyincreaseyourchancesof________．Thankstotheswimmingskills，heandhisfriendsucceededin________theterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwo________．(survive)11．The________diseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30________uptonow.(dead)12．Yesterday，Iclimbedthemountaintopto________thefreshair.AlthoughIbecame________whenIwasonthetop，the________offreshairwasworthit.(breath)13．Theyaretherepresentativesofancientcivilizationandthe________(wise)ofancientfolks.[2024·天津3月卷書面表達](二)語境記憶短語——不枯燥·愛好高記全記牢1.____________嚴峻受損；破敗不堪2．____________震驚；驚訝3．____________現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)4．____________挖掘5．____________露天；在戶外6．____________殲滅；徹底消退7．____________結(jié)束8．____________急救箱9．____________被困在10．____________像平常一樣用準用活選用左欄短語填空1．Jogging,walkingandcycling________________aregoodwaystomakeyouenergetic.[2024·沈陽市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測三]2．Everyonewasinshock,thinkingtheworldmustbe________________．3．Hewantstoseemenow,butIhavesomuchwork________________thatIwouldratherhecametomorrowthantoday.4．Theirhouseswere________________bytheflood,sotheyhadtobuildnewones.5．Itisnowonderthatthewholebuildingisnow________________；itcaughtsobigafirelastnight.·會積累聯(lián)想拓展·1．后綴-th高頻名詞薈萃①length長度②strength力氣③warmth暖和④width寬度⑤depth深度⑥wealth財寶2．各種“驚異”①astonishingadj.令人驚異的②astonishedadj.驚異的③amazingadj.令人驚訝的④amazedadj.驚訝的⑤shockingadj.令人震驚的⑥shockedadj.感到震驚的3．“in＋名詞”短語面面觀①introuble在逆境中②indanger處于危急中③inreturn作為回報④inshock震驚；驚訝⑤inorder井然有序⑥inplace在適當?shù)奈恢?三)仿寫用活句式——造佳句·表達高句式背誦句式仿寫句型1句式：too＋形容詞＋to...“太……而不能……”Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.雞甚至連豬都太驚慌而不吃東西，狗也不情愿進屋里去。1.了解到我為他所做的一切，亨利感動得說不出話來，但他特別興奮能成為我的同學。LearningwhatIhaddoneforhim,Henry__________________________butwasoverjoyedtobemyschoolmates.[2024·濟南市5月模擬]句型2bedoingsth.when...“正在做某事，這時……”Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.我和我的三個孩子正在吃早餐，這時家里起先灌水。2.我們正在爬山，這時突然下起了滂沱大雨。______________________________itbegantoraincatsanddogs.句型3asif...“似乎/似乎……”Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!仿佛世界末日即將來臨！3.童年的一切一下子涌入我的腦海，仿佛剛剛發(fā)生似的。Everythinginmychildhoodcroweduponmymind______________________________．攻重難·解惑釋疑練學核心單詞1affectvt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(?affectionn．寵愛)(1)bedeeply/greatlyaffectedby...被……深深打動beaffectedwith...染上……疾病(2)show/haveanaffectionfor...寵愛……，寵愛……(3)haveaneffect/influenceon...對……有影響[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①________bythoseselflessdoctors,Ihavedevelopedadeep________forthecareer.(affect)[2024·天津卷短文投稿]②Largeamountsofdonationshavebeenfloodingintothe__________(affect)areas.③Unluckily，he____________(affect)withaseriousillnessandpassedaway，makingusdepressed.④總的來說，英文報Youth對我有巨大的影響。我常常被報紙中數(shù)不清的感人故事深深感動。[2024·新高考Ⅰ卷應(yīng)用文]Insummary，theEnglishnewspaperYouth__________________________________.________________________countlessmovingstoriesinthenewspaper.2ruinn．&vt.破壞；毀壞(1)lie/beinruins成為廢墟bereducedtoruins淪為廢墟(2)ruinoneself毀掉自己；自取滅亡ruinone'sfame毀壞某人的聲譽[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①TheearthquakeinTangshancausedgreatdamage,leavingthecityin________(ruin)．②Hemadeamistake,________(ruin)hischanceofgoingabroad.③你變更不了過去，但假如你憂慮將來，將會毀了現(xiàn)在。(讀后續(xù)寫主旨升華)Youcan'tchangethepast,butyoucan____________________________________．3shockn．休克；打擊；震驚；令人震驚的事vt.(使)震驚(?shockedadj.感到震驚的?shockingadj.令人震驚的)(1)beashockto...對……而言是一件震驚的事inshock驚訝地，震驚地(2)beshockedatsth./that...對……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.因做某事而感到震驚[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子/句式升級(1)Lookingatthehousewhichlayinruins________shock，hecalled911immediatelytorescuetheinjuredpeoplewhoweretrapped.(2)我嚇呆了，覺得自己似乎被扔進了一個黑暗的世界。(讀后續(xù)寫之恐驚描寫)__________________________，feelingasifIhadbeenthrownintoadarkworld.(3)Thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin.ElliandIwereshocked.[2024·浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫]→①Thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin,____________________________________________．(定語從句)→②__________________________thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin.(主語從句)4buryvt.(buried,buried,burying)安葬；安葬；掩埋；隱藏(1)beburiedinburyoneselfin(2)buryone'sfaceinone'shands雙手掩面[練透]句式升級/一句多譯(1)Davidstillrefusedtolookatmeandhisheadwasburiedinhisarms.[2024·新高考Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫]→①Davidstillrefusedtolookatme,____________________________．(分詞作狀語改寫)→②Davidstillrefusedtolookatme,____________________________．(with的復合結(jié)構(gòu))→③Davidstillrefusedtolookatme,____________________________．(用獨立主格)(2)我每天用心讀英文報并獲得了豐富多彩的學問。[2024·新高考全國Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文]①I____________________________________________________________andIhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.②________________________________________________，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(分詞短語作狀語)5suffervt.遭遇；蒙受vi.(因疾病、苦痛、哀痛等)受苦(?sufferingn．受苦，遭難?sufferern．受害者；患者)sufferalotofpain遭遇巨大的苦痛sufferseveredamage損失慘重sufferfrom遭遇；患病[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①Toourshock,hehadbecomeseriouslyill,________(suffer)greatpainanddiscomfort.②Peopleofthedisasterareasufferedalot________thetyphoon，andwatersuppliesandelectricitywerehardtoget.③生活中總有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦難讓我們更加堅毅。(讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華)Therearealwayssomeupsanddownsinourlives,______________________________．(強調(diào)句型)6survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過(?survivorn．生還者?survivaln．幸存；生還)surviveon靠……存活下來survivesth.幸免于；從……中活過來AsurviveB(by＋時間)A比B活得長(……)[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①Lifeisn'tabouthow____________(survive)thestorm；it'saboutlearningtodanceintherain.(讀后續(xù)寫之升華)②Althoughtheoldladysufferedfromaseriousillness，shestillsurvivedherhusband________5years.③Wewilldoeverythinginourpowertohelpthose________(survive)inthetornado.④沒有海洋，任何生物都無法生存，包括人類。[2024·全國甲卷書面表達]Withouttheoceans,__________________________________，humansincluded.7effectn．影響；結(jié)果；效果；效力(?effectiveadj.有效的；有影響的)takeeffect生效；見效comeintoeffect生效haveaneffect/influence/impacton/upon對……產(chǎn)生影響oeffect實施；使……生效/起作用[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod________(effect)whenothersuseit.[2024·全國乙卷]②李白一生創(chuàng)作了大量優(yōu)秀的詩歌，對中國文化產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。(介紹信)Duringhislifetime,LiBaiwroteagreatnumberofexcellentpoems,______________________________________________．(定語從句)③為解決這些問題，希望我的建議不久會付諸實施。(建議信)Hopefully,myrecommendationswillsoon____________________________settletheseproblems.劃重點練全易錯點維度一詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動詞形式變更1.Twofifthsofthebuildings____________(destroy)intheearthquakelastweekend,________(leave)thewholeworldshocked.2．Towinanhonourforhiscountry，hedidn'tgiveupevenifhegotinjuredintherace,________(set)agoodexampletoothers.3．________(shock),thegracefulcompetitorjustsmiled________(calm)whenshelearnedthatno________(effect)measureshadbeentaken.4．Uptonowfoodandwater__________________(deliver)tothedisaster-strickenarea,wheremanypeople________(survive)thedisasterareinurgentneedofhelp.5．Knowingthatyouwilladjustthebroadcasttimeslot,__________(long)andcolumn,Iamwritingtogivemysuggestions.[2024·武漢市模擬]6．Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam,Ifellontothestones,________(damage)anerveinmyhand.[2024·全國甲卷]7．Bittermemoriescame________(flood)backwhenhedrovebythebridge.8．Totheir________(relieve),withtheguidanceoffather,theysuccessfullymadethebreakfast.[2024·新高考Ⅰ卷]9．________(trap)inanetaroundtherock,thedolphinwasn'tabletoswimuptogetair.[2024·河北省名校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)合調(diào)研]10．Niketaughtmethatattitudeiseverythinginthegameofwilderness________(survive)．[2024·張家口市三模]維度二固定用法和搭配TheAlaskaearthquakeofMarch27,1964wasoneofthebiggest①________(disaster)intheearthscience.Asitwasaholiday,manypeoplewereathome.Everythingwasgoingonasusual②________people'shouses③________(shake).Buildings④________(crack)andwaterpipesburst.Itlastedmorethanfourminutesandmanypeoplewereburiedunderthe⑤________(ruin),whowaitedforrescueworkerstocome⑥________theirrescue.Theearthquakeleftpeople⑦________shockanddestroyedmanytownsandagreatnumberofpeoplesuffered⑧________thedisaster.However,theyalldideverythingintheirpower⑨________(rebuild)thecity.駕馭短語和句式1句型：too...to...……太……而不能……(1)too＋adj./adv.(forsb.)＋todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)，表否定的意義，意為“太……而不能……”(2)too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中，too用來修飾表達人的看法、心情傾向的形容詞如anxious,eager，glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing等時，不定式則表確定意義。(3)can't/cannever...too...再怎么……也不過分(教材)Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.雞甚至豬都驚慌得不進食，狗也不情愿進到室內(nèi)去。[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①MorethanhalfofformerhostcitiesfortheWinterOlympicswillbetoohot____________(host)suchgamesbytheendofthiscentury.②Hewas____________(急于知道)theresultofhisexamination.③俗話說，活到老學到老。(讀后續(xù)寫主旨升華)Asthesayinggoes,______________________．④那個小女孩癱倒在地，嚇得哭不出來。(讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫)Thelittlegirlsanktotheground,__________________________．2句型：asif...意為“似乎/似乎……”(教材)Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！仿佛世界末日即將來臨！(1)asif/though陳述語氣(真實或極有可能發(fā)生的狀況)(2)as虛擬語氣(不真實或不行能發(fā)生的狀況)虛擬現(xiàn)在：did虛擬過去：haddone虛擬將來：would/might/could＋do[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①HecanspeakEnglishveryfluentlyasifhe________(be)anativeEnglishman,soyoucantalktohimfreely.②Jackwasn'tsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathimasifhe____________(do)somethingveryclever.③靠近房子的時候，我留意到爸爸媽媽站在那輛舊卡車旁邊，一臉哀痛。似乎發(fā)生了什么不開心的事情。[2024·浙江6月卷讀后續(xù)寫]Uponapproachingthehouse,Inoticedmydadandmomstandingbesidetheoldtruck,lookingsad.__________________________________．(讀后續(xù)寫之心情描寫)3句型：bedoingsth.when...正在做某事這時(突然)……(教材)Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.我和我的三個孩子正在吃早飯突然水起先涌入家中。句中when用作并列連詞，意為“這時突然”。when表示“這時突然”之意，還用于以下三種句型：beabouttodo...when...剛要做……突然……beonthepointofdoing...when...剛要做……突然……h(huán)ad(just)done...when...剛做完……這時突然……[練透]單句語法填空/完成句子①I____________(search)theInternetfortherelevantinformationwhenmycellphonerang.②他們剛要在戶外搭起帳篷，這時一聲洪亮的口哨聲把他們嚇壞了。(讀后續(xù)寫情感描寫)Theywereonthepointofputtingupthetentintheopenair____________________________________．③媽媽剛睡醒，就聞到一陣食物迷人的味道。[2024·新高考Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫]Mother______________________________shesmeltaninvitingsmelloffood.劃重點練透熱考點維度一單句語法填空/完成句子/詞匯升級/一句多譯1.Everyonewas________shock,thinkingtheworldmustbecomingto________end.2．Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.3．Somechildren____________(slide)ontheicehappilywhentheyheardsomeonecryingforhelp.4．今日，我很榮幸能在這里發(fā)表題為《勞動最美》的演講。[2024·汕頭市模擬]Today,I'msohonoredtobehereand__________________“TheFruitofLaborIsSweetest.”5．此外，這次競爭將會給你供應(yīng)一個機會，幫助你發(fā)展創(chuàng)建力，與志同道合的同學建立友情。①Moreover，thecompetitionwill________________________todevelopyourcreativityandbuildfriendshipwithotherstudentswhosharethesameinterestwithyou.②Moreover，thecompetitionwill____________________________todevelopyourcreativityandbuildfriendshipwithotherstudentswhosharethesameinterestwithyou.6．一陣恐慌席卷了她，但她強迫自己安靜地離開了房間。(讀后續(xù)寫之恐驚心理描寫)①______________________________，butsheforcedherselftoleavetheroomcalmly.②______________________________，butsheforcedherselftoleavetheroomcalmly.維度二應(yīng)用文練習依據(jù)提示，運用本單元的詞匯、短語及句式或運用詞匯的正確形式完成下面的語篇DearSir/Madam，①__________________________________________________(我寫信感謝你的剛好救援)，withoutwhichmylifecouldn'treturntonormal.Afewdaysago，②______________________________________________________(一場極其可怕的地震攻擊了我的家鄉(xiāng))，leavingmanyhousesinruins.③________(shock)tofindeverythingburiedunderthefallenhouses,Iburstintotears.④________________________________(世界似乎到了終點).Thankfully,althoughyouwerestrangers,you⑤____________________________(不遺余力)provideenoughfoodandwaterforustosurviveon.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandyourgenerousaid,anewtownwasbuiltupontheearthquake⑥________(ruin).Ican'texpressmygratitudetoomuch.Yourssincerely，LiHua測效果·素養(yǎng)提能維度一清除閱讀障礙Ⅰ.一詞多義練依據(jù)語境選出加黑詞strike的含義A．v.打動 B．v.使突然想起C．n.罷工 D.v.(災難、疾病等)攻擊E.v.達成(協(xié)議，妥協(xié)) F．v.敲鐘1．WhenIenteredtheroom，theclockhadjuststruck10.________2．Moreimportantly,everyyearalargenumberoftouristsarestruck/strickenbythecharmofthefamoussightsinBeijing.[2024·天津3月卷書面表達]________3．Somelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.[2024·新高考Ⅰ卷]__________4．Theyhavebeenonstrikeforseveraldaystogetahigherpay.________5．Abigearthquakestruckthecitylastyear，killinghundredsofpeople.________6．ItsuddenlystruckmethatIcouldwinthefirstplacebyforcingmyheadinsidethepumpkin.[2024·浙江1月卷讀后續(xù)寫]________Ⅱ.快速閱讀下列句子并揣測句中加黑詞匯的漢語意思1．Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep.[2024·全國卷Ⅱ閱讀A]________2．Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.[2024·新高考山東卷]________3．SuddenlyanotherthoughtwentthroughKate'smindlikeanelectricshock．________維度二讀后續(xù)寫微技能——情感描寫之情感細微環(huán)節(jié)描寫之“恐驚、驚恐”第一步：利用修辭手法和高級句式，借助環(huán)境描寫烘托人物的恐驚之狀，并背誦①她一想到要獨自留在那所黑暗的大房子里，就毛骨悚然。Theideaofbeingleftaloneinthedarkbighouse____________________________.②半夜有人敲門。________________________________________________________________________③“媽媽？爸爸？”他們在哪里？莫莉從床上爬起來，踮著腳尖下樓。“Mom?Dad？”Wherewerethey?__________________________________________________.④她嚇得渾身顫抖。她的手指蜷曲成拳頭，指甲摳進手掌。______________________________________.Herfingerswerecurledintoafist,nailsdiggingintoherpalm.⑤莫莉看到玻璃門外的黑影，感覺體內(nèi)的血液快速凝固起來。______________________________________atthesightofthedarkfigureoutsidetheglassdoor.⑥她的心嚇得狂跳。她伸手拿手機給警察打電話，卻發(fā)覺沒電了。__________________________________.Shereachedforhercellphonetocallthepolice,onlytofinditoutofpower.其次步：將以上各句合并成小短文并背誦成文，留意運用合適的連接過渡詞匯________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS過基礎(chǔ)語基落實(一)分類識記單詞識記單詞寫對Ⅰ.知其意1．龍卷風；旋風2.旱災；久旱3.(山地或懸崖的)倒塌；滑坡4.海嘯5.(地)震級；重大6.直升機7.裂紋；裂縫(使)裂開8.磚；磚塊9.金屬10.疏散；撤出撤離11.火山12.避難處；居所；庇護愛護；掩蔽躲避(風雨或危急)13.(尤指西大西洋的)颶風14.管子；管道15.成套工具；成套設(shè)備16.總結(jié)；概括；概要Ⅱ.寫其形1．disaster2.slide3.flood4.destroy5.affect6.ruin7.electricity8.bury9.unify10.supply11.tap12．whistle13.aid14.crash核心單詞練透1．efforts2.waved3.damage4.trappedrescue5.sweeping6．calm7.struck拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1．rescuer2.revival3.unwisewisdom4.sufferingsufferer5.eruption6.powerful7.delivery8.lengthlengthen[用準用活]9．shockedshockingshocked10.survivalsurvivingsurvivors11.deadlydeaths12.breathebreathlessbreath13.wisdom(二)語境記憶短語記全記牢1．inruins2.inshock3.onhand4.digout5.intheopenair6.sweepaway7etoanend8.firstaidkit9.betrappedin10.asusual用準用活1．intheopenair2ingtoanend3.onhand4.sweptaway5.inruins(三)仿寫用活句式1．wastoomovedtosayanything2.Wewereclimbingthehillwhen3.asifithadjusthappened攻重難解惑釋疑練學核心單詞1．①Affectedaffection②affected③wasaffected④affectsmegreatly/hasagreateffect/influenceonmeIamoftendeeplyaffectedby2．①ruins②ruining③ruinthepresentbyworryingaboutthefuture3．(1)in(2)Iwasfrozewithshock(3)①whichshockedElliandme/whichmadeElliandmeshocked②WhatshockedElliandmewasthat4．(1)①buryinghisheadinhisarms②withhisheadburiedinhisarms③hisheadburiedinhisarms(2)①burymyselfin/amburiedin