2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit20NewFrontiersLesson3ScientificBreakthroughs課時(shí)作業(yè)北師大版選修7

Unit20NewFrontiers課時(shí)作業(yè)9Lesson3ScientificBreakthroughsⅠ.單詞拼法1．Hewasina________(逆境)wherehecouldn'tdecidewhethertoacceptorrefusethegift.2．You'dbetter________(捐贈(zèng))somefoodandmoneytothepoorchildren.3．Ioften________(通信)withmyoldfriends.4．MrGreeniswateringflowers.________(與此同時(shí))，MrsGreeniscookingbreakfast.5．Theband________(分別)upinthe1970s.6．Heisan________(坦率的)man.7．The________(薄霧)wasfloatingoverthemountain.8．Themanwas________(治愈)ofhisheartattack.9．Heappliedfora________(專利)．10．The________(結(jié)果)oftheelectionwasannouncedyesterday.答案1．dilemma2.donate3.correspond4.Meanwhile5．split6.outspoken7.mist8.cured9.patent10．outcomeⅡ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空1．Theaudiencerangedfromadults________children.2．Mrwhitecorresponded________hiswifeonceinawhile.3．Haveyoufigured________thisproblem?4．Thetoughmanwrestled________thesnowstorm.5．Herfatherwasdedicated________findingawayout.6．Hetookawaymybasket________mistake.7．Theexcellentplayersweresingled________tocompeteinthegame.8．Thereisnodoubt________hishonestyandkindness.9．Heisfondofparticipating________thevoluntarywork.10．Hebasedhisopinion________facts.答案與解析1．torangefrom...to從……到……范圍變更。2．withcorrespondwith與……通信。3．outfigureout弄明白。4．withwrestlewith與……搏斗。5．tobededicatedto致力于……。6．bybymistake錯(cuò)誤地。7．outsingleout挑出。8．a(chǎn)boutThereisnodoubtabout毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……。9．inparticipatein參與。10．onbase...on以……為依據(jù)。Ⅲ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．MrLiisdedicatedto________(make)outthecauseofthefire.2．Hewasabouttoturnontheradio________hefoundsomethingunusual.3．________youarefororagainsttheplan,youshouldletmeknowatonce.4．Idon'tknowhow________(apply)forthisposition.5．Thereissomedoubt________thegovernmentwillapprovethisproject.6．Hewasdoingsomewashing________thewashingmachinebrokedown.7．Whilewalkingalongthebeach,henoticedsomebirds________(fly)overthesurfaceofthesea.8．Hewasinfavourofmyidea，________mademedelighted.9．IfI________(have)enoughmoney,Iwouldbuythatbeautifuldress.10．Theteacherfailed________(get)acrosshisideatothestudents.答案與解析1．makingbededicatedtodoingsth.致力于做某事。2．whenbeabouttodosth.when...剛要做某事這時(shí)……。3．Whetherwhether...or...無(wú)論是……還是……。4．toapply特別疑問(wèn)詞后跟不定式形式。5．whetherthereissomedoubt后跟whether引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。6．whenbedoing...when...正在……這時(shí)……。7．flyingnotice...doingsth.留意到．..在做某事。8．whichwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替上文所提到的事。9．had虛擬條件句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用would/coulddo。10．togetfail后跟不定式形式。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空DuringtheSecondWorldWar,__1__Fleming'sdiscoverywasfirsthelpingtocurepeople,theUSNavywaslooking__2__waysofimprovingthe__3__(accurate)oftheirmissiles.Thenavyturned__4__Eckert,anengineer,andMauchly,aphysicist,towrestle__5__theproblemandproduceamachinetodothejob.Thetwowerededicatedto__6__(produce)themachine.Thehugemachinewastheworld'sfirstcomputer,butitwasnothing__7__ourcomputertoday.Itused__8__muchenergythatwhenitwasturnedon,thelightsinthelocaltownwent__9__.Therewasnodoubt__10__thecomputerlaidagroundfoundationofthelatercomputerscience.答案與解析1．when先行詞為時(shí)間名詞，定語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)，故用when引導(dǎo)。2．forlookfor找尋。3．a(chǎn)ccuracy名詞作賓語(yǔ)。4．toturnto向……求助。5．withwrestlewith與……搏斗。6．producingbededicatedtodoingsth.致力于做某事。7．likenothinglike一點(diǎn)不像8．soso＋形容詞＋不行數(shù)名詞＋that表示“如此……以至于……”。9．outgoout熄滅。10．thatTherewasnodoubtthat...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……。Ⅰ.閱讀理解Thekidsinthisvillageweardirty,raggedclothes.Theysleepbesidecowsandsheepinhutsmadeofsticksandmud.Theyhavenoschool.YettheyallcanchanttheEnglishalphabet,andsomecanmakewords.Thekeytotheirsuccess:20tabletcomputers(平板電腦)droppedoffintheirEthiopianvillageinFebruarybyaU．S.groupcalledOneLaptopPerChild.Thegoalistofindoutwhetherkidsusingtoday'snewtechnologycanteachthemselvestoreadinplaceswherenoschoolsorteachersexist.TheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyresearchersanalyzingtheprojectdatasaythey'realreadyamazed.“WhatIthinkhasalreadyhappenedisthatthekidshavealreadylearnedmorethantheywouldhaveinoneyearofkindergarten，”saidMattKeller,whorunstheEthiopiaprogram.Thefastestlearner—andthefirsttoturnononeofthetablets—is8yearoldKelbesaNegusse.Thedevice'scamerawasdisabledtosavememory,yetwithinweeksKelbesahadfiguredoutitsworkingsandmadethecamerawork.Hecalledhimselfalion,amarkerofaccomplishmentinEthiopia.Withhistablet,KelbesarearrangedthelettersHSROEintooneofthemanyEnglishanimalnamesheknows.Thenhespelledwordsonhisown.“Sevenmonthsagohedidn'tknowanyEnglish.That'sunbelievable,”saidKeller.Theprojectaimstogetkidstoastagecalled“deepreading，”wheretheycanreadtolearn.Itwon'tbeinAmharic,1.HowdoestheEthiopiaprogrambenefitthekidsinthevillage?A.Ittrainsteachersforthem.B.Itcontributestotheirselfstudy.C.Ithelpsraisetheirlivingstandards.D.Itprovidesfundsforbuildingschools.2.WhatcanweinferfromKeller'swordsinParagraph3?A.Theyneedmoretimetoanalyzedata.B.Morechildrenareneededfortheresearch.C.Heisconfidentaboutthefutureoftheproject.D.Theresearchshouldbecarriedoutinkindergartens.3.ItamazedKellerthatwiththetabletKelbesacould________.A.learnEnglishwordsquicklyB.drawpicturesofanimalsC.writeletterstoresearchersD.makephonecallstohisfriends4.Whatistheaimoftheproject?A.ToofferEthiopianshigherpayingjobs.B.TomakeAmharicwidelyusedintheworld.C.TohelpEthiopiankidsreadtolearninEnglish.D.ToassistEthiopiansinlearningtheirfirstlanguage.答案與解析本文是一篇記敘文，題材為語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)類。本文記敘了美國(guó)在貧困的埃塞俄比亞地區(qū)進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)探討，結(jié)果表明孩子們?cè)跊](méi)有學(xué)校和老師的條件下，利用平板電腦這項(xiàng)新科技可以很快地學(xué)英語(yǔ)。1．B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句可知這項(xiàng)工程的目的是查明在沒(méi)有學(xué)校和老師的地方，運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代新技術(shù)，孩子們能不能自學(xué)。而且下文提到效果很好，所以應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)(這項(xiàng)工程有助于孩子們自學(xué))。2．C推理推斷題。第三段中這項(xiàng)工程的負(fù)責(zé)人Keller說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情是，孩子們學(xué)到的東西比他們上一年幼兒園學(xué)到的還要多?！彼钥梢酝茢喑鲞@項(xiàng)工程很勝利，而且前景也會(huì)很好，故選C項(xiàng)。3．A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段可知：七個(gè)月前，Kelbesa對(duì)英語(yǔ)一竅不通，但是現(xiàn)在卻能自己拼法出許多英文單詞，這令人難以信任，所以選A項(xiàng)。4．C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句Theprojectaimstogetkidstoastagecalled“deepreading”，wheretheycanreadtolearn.可知這項(xiàng)工程是幫助埃塞俄比亞的兒童通過(guò)閱讀來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。緊接著下一句話是說(shuō)：不是幫他們學(xué)他們的本族語(yǔ)Amharic，而是英語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀填句DoctorsSayMostHeartDiseasePreventableHeartdiseaseisthenumberonekiller,worldwide,ofmenandwomenovertheageof60.Butpeopleofallagesdieofheartattackseachyear.AndwhiledeathrateshavedeclinedintheU．S.andmanywesternEuropeancountries,theyareontheriseinthedevelopingworld.__1__NoonewouldhaveguessedthatBarbaraTengwouldhaveaheartattack.Shewasnotoverweight.Shedidnotsmokeorexercise.“In2004,theweekafterIturned49,whenIwasonabusinesstripinChicago，Ihadamajorheartattack，”shesaid.__2__.Shenowexercisesdaily,andmonitorsherhearthealth.Dr.PatriceNickens,whoiswiththeNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstitute,thinksthatheartdiseaseis82percentpreventable.“__3__，”shesaid.“Menarealsofacingthesameproblem,andthekeytostayinghealthyisknowingyournumbers.”“Yourweight,yourbloodcholesterol,bloodsugarandyourbloodpressureareimportantnumbersthatcanhelpyoutakeactionandreduceyourrisk，”shesaid.__4__.“Andthestepstotakearesimple：don'tsmoke,maintainahealthyweight,exercise,knowyournumbersandtalktoyourphysicianandcontroltheserisks，”shesaid.African-Americansareathigher-than-averageriskforheartdiseaseandstroke；peopledon'tevenknowtheyhaveit,whichincreasestherisk.MedstarWashingtonA．AhealthylifestylecanpreventheartdiseaseB．SowemustcureheartdiseaseC．ItistheleadingcauseofdeathforwomenD．Withtherighttraining,theycanplayanimportantroleincommunityhealthE．AndthatchangedherlifeF．LackofexercisecausesheartattacksG．Yetmostheartdiseaseispreventable答案與解析本文為爭(zhēng)論文。其主題是：大多數(shù)心臟病是可以預(yù)防的。1．G本段的功能是提出主題，即大多數(shù)心臟病是可以預(yù)防的，故答案為G項(xiàng)。2．E本空前面提到BarbaraTeng在心臟病發(fā)作前不抽煙，不熬煉(didnotsmokeorexercise)，設(shè)空處后提到她起先每天熬煉(Shenowexercisesdaily)，由此可見(jiàn)心臟病發(fā)作變更了她的生活，故答案為E項(xiàng)。3．C依據(jù)設(shè)空后的“Menarealsofacingthesameproblem”可推知本空應(yīng)為心臟病對(duì)女性的影響，C項(xiàng)中的“women”是一種示意。4．A設(shè)空處下面介紹的內(nèi)容都是生活方式的變更，故答案為A項(xiàng)(健康的生活方式可以預(yù)防心臟病。)5．D設(shè)空處后的句子(例如：幫助人們監(jiān)測(cè)血壓)作為例子用于說(shuō)明本空的內(nèi)容，通過(guò)逆向思維可推知本題答案為D項(xiàng)(通過(guò)正確的培訓(xùn)，他們可以在社區(qū)健康方面起很大的作用)。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空Scientistshavefoundthatpesticides(農(nóng)藥)harmtheabilityofbeestofindfood.Beesmustlearnwhichflowerscontaintheirfoodfromthesmellsoftheflowrs.__1__thebeesdonotlearnwhichsmellsmeanfood,theywillstarve.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatpesticides__2__(use)byfamersandgardenerscanswitchoffthepartofabee'sbrainthatisresponsible__3__associatingsmellswithfood.LeadresearcherDr.GeraldineWrightsaidpesticidescouldseriouslyimpactthe__4__(survive)ofhoneybeecolonies.Shesaid.“Beesthatcannotlearnwillnotbeabletofindfood.”Thisalso__5__(mean)beeswillnotpollinate(給……授粉)cropsandwildplants.Beepopulationsaroundtheworldhavebeendeclining.Scientistshavesearchedforalongtimeforareason__6__somanybeesaredisappearing.Thenewresearchmaybe__7__importantclue.However,theBritishgovernmentdoesnotwanttostoptheuseofthepesticidesthatmaypreventbeesfromlearning.__8__wantstocarryoutmoreteststomakesurepesticidesaretherealreasonforthedecreaseinthenumberofbees.AspokeswomanfromtheFriendsOfTheEarthcharitysaidthegovernmentmustact__9__(soon)ratherthanlater.“Beehealthisfartoourgenttowait__10__moreresearchhasbeencompleted.Controlsshouldbeplacedonthesepesticidesuntilbeesafetycanbeguaranteed，”shesaid.答案與解析1．Ifif引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“假如”。2．usedpesticides與use之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。3．forberesponsiblefor對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)。4．survival名詞作賓語(yǔ)。5．means該空為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，依據(jù)上下文用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。6．why先行詞為reason，定語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)，故用why引導(dǎo)。7．a(chǎn)n表示“數(shù)量一”，用不定冠詞。8．Itit代替theBritishgovernment。9．sooner依據(jù)ratherthanlater可知。10．untiluntil引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)Travelledabroad,youshouldfollowthecustomsofthecountrywhereyouarevisiting.Whenyouinvited,itisgoodmannerstorefuseoracceptaninvitation,eitherbywritingorbytelephoning.Ifyougototheparty,itispolitetoreachontime.Itisgoodmannerstosha