小學(xué)英語(yǔ) 名詞種類及單復(fù)數(shù)變化

Whatcanmoneybuy?2021/6/271Whatcanmoneybuy?Food?House?Toysorclothes?Morefun?Life?2021/6/272Whatcanmoneybuy?

VictorHugoMoneycanbuyabedbutnotsleep;Bookbutnotknowledge;Foodbutnotappetite;

['?p?,ta?t]

Finerybutnotbeauty;Ahousebutnotahome;Medicinebutnothealth;Luxuriesbutnotculture;Amusementsbutnothappiness;Apassporttoeverywherebutnotheaven.

2021/6/273Moneycanbuyabedbutnotsleep;錢能買到床，但買不到睡眠；Bookbutnotknowledge;錢能買到書，但買不到知識(shí)；Foodbutnotappetite;錢能買到食品，但買不到胃口；Finerybutnotbeauty;錢能買到服飾，但買不到美麗；Ahousebutnotahome;錢能買到房舍，但買不到家；Medicinebutnothealth;錢能買到藥品，但買不到健康；Luxuriesbutnotculture;錢能買到奢侈品，但買不到教養(yǎng)；Amusementsbutnothappiness;錢能買到娛樂(lè)，但買不到幸福；Apassporttoeverywherebutnotheaven.錢能買到護(hù)照走遍世界，但進(jìn)不了天堂。2021/6/274Whatcanmoneybuy?

VictorHugoMoneycanbuyabedbutnotsleep;Bookbutnotknowledge;Foodbutnotappetite;Finerybutnotbeauty;Ahousebutnotahome;Medicinebutnothealth;Luxuriesbutnotculture;Amusementsbutnothappiness;Apassporttoeverywherebutnotheaven.

2021/6/2752021/6/276個(gè)體名詞：

boy,girl,teacher,school,book,room,pen,pencil,desk,

apple…

具體可見(jiàn)的，可以數(shù)出數(shù)量的個(gè)體。2021/6/2772021/6/2782021/6/279二.名詞種類與名詞的數(shù)1）所有的專有名詞都是不可數(shù)名詞。2）個(gè)體名詞通常都是可數(shù)的。3）集體名詞和成雙成對(duì)的名詞永遠(yuǎn)用作復(fù)數(shù)。

people,police,trousers,glasses4）物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞為不可數(shù)名詞。2021/6/2710特殊情況：１.有些名詞,如:family,class,team等既可用作單數(shù)又可用作復(fù)數(shù)。

當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，常用作單數(shù)；當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中的各個(gè)成員時(shí)，常為復(fù)數(shù)。例：

Thefamilyisquitebig.這是個(gè)大家庭。

Thefamilyareenjoyingthemselvesinthe

park.家里的每個(gè)人都玩得很高興。2021/6/27112）有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)詞，但詞義有所不同。sand沙sands沙灘wood木頭woods森林fish魚肉fish魚orange橙汁anorange桔子chicken雞肉achicken小雞room空間、余地aroom房間2021/6/2712三.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則2021/6/2713三.可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則2021/6/27144.以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變f為v，再加-es，如：

knife→knives，leaf→leaves,half→halves5.以輔音母加y結(jié)尾的詞變“y”為“i”，再加-es,如：

city→cities,factory→factories但注意：以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加s，如：boy→boys,day→days6.不規(guī)則變化

man-men,woman-women

foot-feet,tooth-teeth

child-children,ox-oxen，mouse-mice

fish-fish,sheep-sheep,deer-deer2021/6/27157.表示國(guó)籍名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)律Chinese

Chinese中國(guó)人Japanese

Japanese日本人Frenchman

Frenchmen法國(guó)人Englishman

Englishmen英國(guó)人German

Germans德國(guó)人American

Americans美國(guó)人Egyptian

Egyptians埃及人Russian

Russians俄國(guó)人Italian

Italians意大利人2021/6/2716this–that–I–you–he/she/it–am/is–

thesethoseweyoutheyare單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)2021/6/2717不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化三this-------that-------I-----------me--------you-------he/she/it/--him/her/it-am/is------thesethoseweusyoutheythemare2021/6/2718句子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)Thisisabook.Thatisaneraser.Itisaredapple.Iamaboy.He/Sheisateacher.What’sthis?

Thesearebooks.Thoseareerasers.Theyareredapples.Weareboys.Theyareteachers.What’rethese?2021/6/2719復(fù)數(shù)句子變單數(shù)句子

Thesearedictionaries.單數(shù)一般疑問(wèn)句,并作肯定回答劃線提問(wèn)

Thisisadictionary.Arethesedictionaries?Yes,theyare.Whatarethese?2021/6/2720四.不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的表示2021/6/2721四.不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的表示2021/6/2722特別的的復(fù)數(shù)形式：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)同形：deer(鹿);sheep(綿羊);

people(人們);police(警察)注意：fishes

指魚的種類。不可數(shù)名詞可量化：數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞twopiecesofnews/paper/work/bread/meatabottleofmilk/waterthreebowlsofricetencupsoftea注意：twopapers：兩張?jiān)嚲鞵762021/6/2723名詞的所有格：1大多數(shù)表示生命的單數(shù)名詞或不以-S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，直接加’s如：我哥哥的瓶子：mybrother’sbottle;我孩子們的玩具mychildren’stoys2共同擁有的：LucyandLily’s各自擁有的：Lucy’sandLily’s注意：不管單復(fù)數(shù),只要以s結(jié)尾,所有格形式在后面直接加’即可。如老師辦公室theteachers’office;

注意：atMr.White’s在懷特家;atthedoctor’s在醫(yī)生診所。拓展：the+形容詞表示一類人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)如：老人們很開(kāi)心：Theoldareveryhappy.theWhites

懷特一家人；懷特夫婦。2021/6/2724無(wú)生命的名詞的所有格的習(xí)慣表達(dá)：結(jié)構(gòu)為：of+名詞如：房子的門：thedoorofthehouse

書的封面：thecoverofthebook注意：有些習(xí)慣表達(dá)是這樣的：今天的報(bào)紙：today’snewspaper

十個(gè)小時(shí)的工作:tenhours’work雙重所有格：即of+所有格我姐姐的一個(gè)朋友：afriendofmysister’s我哥哥的兩個(gè)兒子：twosonsofmybrother’s我的一個(gè)朋友：afriendofmine注意：aphotoofmyfather’s(意為我父親的照片有許多張，這是其中一張)

aphotoofmyfather(一張我父親的照片，照片本人就是我父親)2021/6/2725練習(xí)1.—Whatdoyouwant?

—Iwant___.

A.pieceofbread

B.twopieceofbread

C.abread

D.somebread

2.___isstandingatthecornerofthestreet.

A.Apolice

B.Thepolice

C.Police

D.ApolicemanDD2021/6/27263.Canyouseenine________inthepicture?A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse4.The_______hastwo___________. A.boys,watches

B.boy,watch C.boy,watches

D.boys,watch5.BothMarxandEngleswere_____.A.German

B.Germans

C.Germany

D.fromGerman2021/6/27273.Canyouseenine________inthepicture?

A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse4.The_______hastwo___________. A.boys,watches

B.boy,watch

C.boy,watches

D.boys,watch5.BothMarxandEngleswere_____.A.German

B.Germans

C.Germany

D.fromGerman2021/6/27286.Everymorningbeforeheleaves,hismotherwouldputsome______inhisbag.

A.orange

B.oranges7.Weallbelievethatourteam____the