福建省福州市部分學(xué)校教學(xué)聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（解析版）

2023~2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期福州市部分學(xué)校教學(xué)聯(lián)盟高一年級期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷溫馨提示：請將所有答案填寫到答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上!請不要錯(cuò)位、越界答題!第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanplantogothisyear?A.Europe.B.Asia.C.SouthAmerica.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Cleanthefloor.B.SitinRow5.C.Dropglassbottles.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstogoswimming.B.Sheisbusywithherproject.C.Shewillhaveatesttomorrow.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Getasparekey.B.Borrowsomebooks.C.Helphisneighbor.5.HowmanypeoplewillvisitLondonforfree?A.2.B.3.C.4.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman’shouse.B.Inashop.C.Inasupermarket.7.WhichpicturewaspaintedbyGeorgeAnderson?A.TheSwissMountains.B.TheLovelyWindows.C.TheSummerFlowers.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whydoesthemanfeelsorry?A.Hedidn’tkeepanappointment.B.Hecan’tlookafterhismother.C.Heistoobusytogotohospital.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardtheman?A.Sorry.B.Understanding.C.Thankful.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A.Itneedsanewbattery.B.Itisruinedbywater.C.Itneedscleaning.11.Whatdoesthestoreofferifonechangesabatterythere?A.Anextrabattery.B.Aone-yearguarantee.C.Freecleaningservice.12.Whycan’tthewomangetherwatchbackrightaway?A.Thestorewillclosesoon.B.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney.C.Themanisverybusynow.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whomightthespeakersbe?A.Policeofficers.B.Doctors.C.Passengers.14.Whatdidtheoldladysay?A.Shedidn’tseeanything.B.Thetrafficlightsbrokedown.C.Theredcarwasdrivingveryfast.15.Whatwerethekidsdoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Crossingthestreet.B.Playingintheirfrontyard.C.Standingonthestreetcorner.16.WhatcausedtheaccidentaccordingtoMr.Bates?ATheredcar.B.Thedog.C.Thebluecar.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whendoesthevolleyballclubmeet?A.OnThursdayevening.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSundayevening.18.Atwhattimedoesthemeetingfinish?A.7:30.B.9:30.C.10:00.19.Whatisthe￡30usedfor?A.Heating.B.Hallrental.C.Sweaters.20.Whydoesthespeakerleavethismessage?A.Toarrangeaweeklymeeting.B.Torecommendasportsprogramme.C.ToanswerMarcoTaylor’squestions.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThisIstheWayLearningCenterThestaff,parentsandchildrenenrolled(招收)atThisIstheWayLearningCenterareonebigfamily.Wetakethehealthandsafetyofourfamilyveryseriously.ThisIstheWayLearningCenteriscommittedtomaintainingasafeenvironmentforyourchildren.Wearefollowingallsafetyrules.Shouldyouhaveanyquestionsregardingtheprocessesinplacepleasecallourcenter.Wewillbehappytoansweryourquestions.ThisIstheWayLearningCentercaresforandeducateschildrenaged6weeksandup.Weareenrollingforallprograms(PreschoolandNurserySchool)inadditiontobasicchildcare.Therewillbenoenrollmentfeesandregistrationfees.Wearedevotedtothefutureofyourchildandcreatingalifetimeloveoflearningateveryageandstage.Whatcanbemorepreciousorimportantthantheearlydevelopmentalandlearningyearsofourchildren?ThisIstheWayLearningCenterislocatedacrossthestreetfromHenryBarnardSchoolat18ShakerRoad.Itisconvenientlylocatedjustminutesfrom91NorthandSouth,inthetownofEnfield.Hours:?6:30amthrough5:30pm?MondaythroughFriday?Closedonlyonmajorholidays.Ages:?Childrenthroughkindergarten?SchoolageFeatures:?All-day,all-yeardaycare?Homelikesetting?Age-appropriateplayareas?Child-friendlycurriculum?Computereducation?TrainedandexperiencedteachersYoumayemailusatrequests@orcallusat860-253-0010toaskyourquestionsandrequestafreebrochure.1.WhatisThisIstheWayLearningCenter?A.It’sabigfamily. B.It’satrainingcenter.C.It’sasafetycenter. D.It’salocalprogram.2.WhocanteachinThisistheWayLearningCenter?.A.Everyoneenrolledatit. B.Age-appropriatecoaches.C.Computereducationteachers. D.Trainedandexperiencedteachers.3.Forwhomisthistextprobablywritten?A.Parents. B.Visitors. C.Students. D.Professors.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一家向嬰幼兒及學(xué)齡期兒童開放的培訓(xùn)中心。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThisIstheWayLearningCentercaresforandeducateschildrenaged6weeksandup.”（ThisIstheWayLearningCenter照顧并教育6周及以上年齡的孩子）可知，這是一個(gè)招收嬰幼兒的培訓(xùn)中心。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Features部分的“Trainedandexperiencedteachers”（訓(xùn)練有素、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師）可知，在此教學(xué)的人應(yīng)該是受過訓(xùn)練且有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Wearedevotedtothefutureofyourchildandcreatingalifetimeloveoflearningateveryageandstage.”（我們致力于您孩子的未來，在不同年齡段和階段培養(yǎng)其對學(xué)習(xí)終身的熱愛。）可知，本文受眾群體應(yīng)是孩子家長。故選A項(xiàng)。BParrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots’behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.Parrotsaremosteasilyhurtwhenfeedingontheground.Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.Themostcommonpredatorsofparrotsincludehawkssnakes,cats,monkeys,andbats.Somepredatorsmakeattacksonlyduringthedaywhileothershuntinthenight.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.However,ifthisisnotpossible,theywillfightwiththeirpowerfulbeakstodefendthemselves.Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.Forthisreason,itiswisetoavoidquick,suddenmovementsnearyourbird.Thisisabuilt-inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸塵器軟管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.4.Whatisimportantforparrotstobettersurvivefromattacksinthewild?A.Livinginagroup. B.Growingbeautifulfeathers.C.Feedingontheground. D.Avoidingcomingoutatnight.5.Whatisparrots’firstresponsetoanimmediaterisk?A.Toattackback. B.Togetaway.C.Toprotecttheyoung. D.Toplaydead.6.Whywouldaballoonfrightenaparrot?AItmayexplodesuddenly. B.Itmaybeinastrangeshape.C.Itmayhaveastrongcolor. D.Itmaymovearoundquickly.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toexplainwildparrots’behavior. B.Togiveadviceonraisingaparrot.C.Tocallforactiontoprotectanimals. D.Tointroduceastudyonbirdecology.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了鸚鵡作為被捕食動(dòng)物的行為特性和生存策略。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.(群體中的成員在確保其安全和提高其從捕食者襲擊中幸存下來的機(jī)會(huì)方面起著重要作用。)”可知，鸚鵡要想更好地在野外躲避攻擊，重要的是要進(jìn)行集體生活，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.(作為獵物，鸚鵡會(huì)時(shí)刻警惕危險(xiǎn)，并本能地對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做出反應(yīng)。他們的第一反應(yīng)是飛走)”可知，鸚鵡對直接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的第一反應(yīng)是逃跑，故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.(因?yàn)樗鼈冏畲蟮臄橙耸曲棧W鵡對來自上方和后方的快速移動(dòng)特別敏感。)”和下文“Thisisabuilt-inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸塵器軟管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.(這是一種不受邏輯或理性約束的內(nèi)在反應(yīng)。簡單且相對無害的家居用品會(huì)引起鳥類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”可知，氣球能夠嚇到鸚鵡是因?yàn)闅馇蚩赡芤苿?dòng)速度快，讓使鸚鵡聯(lián)想到鷹，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Parrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots’behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.(鸚鵡是獵物，這意味著野生的其他捕食者，如鷹或蛇，正在尋找將它們作為食物。這一個(gè)因素比任何其他因素都更能影響鸚鵡在家里的行為)”、倒數(shù)第二段“Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸塵器軟管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.(簡單且相對無害的家居用品會(huì)引起鳥類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”以及最后一段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.(作為獵物，鸚鵡經(jīng)常被新的家庭用品或陌生人嚇到。從很小的時(shí)候就開始讓你的鳥接觸安全的體驗(yàn)和變化，以建立靈活性并提高它們的適應(yīng)性，這一點(diǎn)很重要。飲食和玩具的多樣性、旅行以及接觸新的人和地方都有助于讓你的鳥更靈活，更適應(yīng)變化)”可知，本文的寫作目的是對飼養(yǎng)鸚鵡提建議，故選B項(xiàng)。C“Beingasportsfanisaverypsychologicallyhealthyactivity,”saysDanielWarm,professoratMurrayStateUniversitywhoseresearchprogramcentersonthepsychologyofsportfandom(運(yùn)動(dòng)迷).Fandomconnectsustootherlike-mindedpeople,whichsatisfiesourhumanneedforbelonging,hesays.Theserelationshipsaresignificant:Peoplewhoidentifyassportsfanshavehigherlevelsofself-esteem,lowerlevelsoflonelinessandtendtobemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivescomparedtothosewhoaren’tinterestedinsports,Wannsays.Fanstendtohavemoreaccesstosocialsupport,helpandresourcesaswell.Researchsuggeststhatwhenpeoplehavesupportfromtheircommunities,theyhavebetterhealth.Beyondbonding,fansgettoenjoythepsychologicalbenefitsofwinning,eveniftheyhavenothingtodowiththeplayersorgames.Ofcourse,teamssometimeslose.Priortoasportingevent,there’satleasta50-50chancethatyou’regoingtobedisappointedinyouroutcome.So,whydopeoplecontinuetoputtheirfaithbehindteamsthattendtolose?Peoplewhofeelastrongpsychologicalconnectiontoateamaremorelikelytorootforateamwhenthey’rehavingalosingseason.“Sportsrandomhasnothingtodowiththeoutcomeofagame,”Warmsays.Forexample,ifapizzarestaurantcontinuallygotyourorderwrong,you’dlikelyswitchtoamorereliableparlor(店鋪).Butbecausebeingafanissocentraltopeople’sidentities,peoplearewillingtoacceptdefeatandcontinuetobeloyaltoateam.Beingpartofafancommunitycanalsohelppeoplecopewithlosses.A2019studyfoundthatwatchingafootballgamewithotherfanshelpstorelievethenegativepsychologicaleffectsoflosing.Forfansofthelosingteam,sharingthepainmayhaveprotectedthemfromlosingself-esteem.“Thereareotherthingsthatrandombringswithitaboveandbeyondtheabilitytoenjoytheteam’ssuccesses,”Warmsays.Watchingsportscanbeawaytorelievestress,orspendtimewithfamily,hesays.Tothatend,somesurveyssuggestthatactivitieslikeMarchMadnesspoolscanreduceproductivity.Anysortoffandomcanbedistracting,butWarmsaysthattalkingaboutsportsatworkandspendingtimewithpeoplewhoshareacommoninterestcanmakepeoplemoreexcitedtogotowork.However,ifyoufindyou’reconsumingsomuchsportscontentthatyourworkissuffering,orit’simpactingyourinterpersonalrelationships,thenitcanbeasignyoushouldtoneitdown,headds.8.Whatisthecharacteristicsportsfansgenerallybear?A.Highersenseofself-worth. B.Worsehealthconditions.C.Beingreadytohelpothers. D.Variousmeansofsupport.9.Whydofanscontinuetosupportteamsthattendtolose?A.Fansareforcedtobeloyaltoteams.B.Fansaregoodatsharingpainswithteams.C.Fansarebraveenoughtoacceptlosses.D.Fansownagreatsenseofidentityandbelonging.10.Whichistheeffectoftalkingaboutsportsatwork?A.Leadingtodistraction.B.Makingpeopletooexcitedtogotowork.C.Increasingpeople’sproductivity.D.Impactinginterpersonalrelationships.11.Whatisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Aposter. B.Atextbook.C.Asciencefiction. D.Amagazine.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。愛好體育是非常有益于心理健康的，而與不愛好體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的人相比，體育迷的自尊心更高，對生活滿意度更高?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Peoplewhoidentifyassportsfanshavehigherlevelsofself-esteem,lowerlevelsoflonelinessandtendtobemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivescomparedtothosewhoaren’tinterestedinsports(與那些對體育不感興趣的人相比，那些認(rèn)為自己是體育迷的人有更高的自尊心，更低的孤獨(dú)感，并且對自己的生活更加滿意)”可知，體育愛好者的一般特點(diǎn)是：體育愛好者自尊心程度更高，孤獨(dú)感更低，對生活現(xiàn)狀更滿意，即有更高的自我價(jià)值感。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段“So,whydopeoplecontinuetoputtheirfaithbehindteamsthattendtolose?Peoplewhofeelastrongpsychologicalconnectiontoateamaremorelikelytorootforateamwhenthey’rehavingalosingseason.(那么，為什么人們繼續(xù)把他們的信念放在那些傾向于輸球的球隊(duì)身上呢？當(dāng)球隊(duì)輸球的時(shí)候，那些與球隊(duì)有強(qiáng)烈心理聯(lián)系的人更有可能支持他們)”及第六段中“Butbecausebeingafanissocentraltopeople’sidentities,peoplearewillingtoacceptdefeatandcontinuetobeloyaltoateam.(但是，因?yàn)樽鳛橐粋€(gè)球迷是人們身份的核心，人們愿意接受失敗，并繼續(xù)忠于一支球隊(duì)。)”可知，體育迷和球隊(duì)之間存在心理聯(lián)系，球迷是人們身份的核心，所以人們愿意接受失敗，并繼續(xù)忠于一個(gè)球隊(duì)，即粉絲們擁有強(qiáng)烈的認(rèn)同感和歸屬感。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“...butWannsaysthattalkingaboutsportsatworkandspendingtimewithpeoplewhoshareacommoninterestcanmakepeoplemoreexcitedtogotowork.(但是Warm說，在工作中談?wù)擉w育運(yùn)動(dòng)和花時(shí)間與有共同興趣的人在一起會(huì)使人們更加興奮地去工作。)”可知，在工作中談?wù)擉w育運(yùn)動(dòng)可以讓人們更愿意去工作，提高工作效率。故選C。4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中““Beingasportsfanisaverypsychologicallyhealthyactivity,”saysDanielWarm,professoratMurrayStateUniversitywhoseresearchprogramcentersonthepsychologyofsportfandom(運(yùn)動(dòng)迷).(“成為一名體育迷是一項(xiàng)非常有益于心理健康的活動(dòng)，”莫瑞州立大學(xué)教授丹尼爾·沃姆說，他的研究項(xiàng)目主要集中在體育迷的心理上。)”可知，本文主要一項(xiàng)研究表明，愛好體育是非常有益于心理健康的。由此可推知，文章選自“雜志”更合理，故選D。DPlayingamusicalinstrumentthroughoutyourlifeprotectsyourhearinginoldage,aCanadianstudysuggests.Thestudy,publishedinPsychologyandAging,carriedouthearingtestson74adultmusiciansand89non-musicians.Itfounda70-year-oldmusician’shearingwasasgoodasthatofa50-year-oldwhodidnotplay.Hearingnormallydeclinesaspeopleage.By60,10-30%ofpeoplehavemoderatehearingloss.By80,thatgoesuptoasmanyas60%.Problemsareparticularlyseeninthecentralauditory(聽覺的)processingsystem,whichisassociatedwithunderstandingspeech,especiallywhenthereisbackgroundnoise.Previousstudieshaveshownmusicianshavebetterhearingthannon-players.Butthisresearch,byateamattheRotmanResearchInstituteinToronto,lookedatadultsofallages-from18to91-toseehowpeoplewereaffectedastheyaged.Theycarriedouthearingtestson74amateurandprofessionalmusicians(whohadplayedsincetheageof16,werestillpractisingandhadbeengivenformalmusiclessons)and89non-musicians(whohadneverplayedaninstrument).Musiciansweresignificantlybetteratpickingoutspeechagainstnoise.Theresearcherssuggestthatlifelongmusicianshipreducesage-relatedchangesinthebrain,probablyduetomusiciansusingtheirauditorysystemsatahighlevelonaregularbasis.TheheadofbiomedicalresearchatActiononHearingLoss,Dr.RalphHolme,said:“Whilethisstudysuggeststhatmusiciansmightbemoreabletocopewiththeconsequencesofhearingloss,itisfarbettertoreducedamageinthefirstplacebyusingappropriateearprotection.Wehavealwayscampaignedforeveryonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumentorlistenstoloudmusictowearhearingprotection,likeearplugs,whichreducetheriskofdamagingyourhearingpermanently.”12.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Apersonaged80willlose30%hearing.B.Apersonagedabove60musthavebadhearing.C.Peoplehavefewerproblemswithbackgroundnoise.D.People’shearingusuallybecomesworsewhentheygetolder.13.WhatcanwegetfromtheCanadianstudy?A.Ittestedthehearingof162people.B.Thefindingofthestudywasn’tpublishedpublicly.C.Playingamusicalinstrumentmaydogoodtohearing.D.Musicianswereasgoodatpickingoutspeechagainstnoiseasnon-musicians.14.Whydon’tmusicianschangemuchintheirbrainastheyage?A.Theyliketotakemoreexercise. B.Theyusetheirhearingmoreandregularly.C.Theydon’texposethemselvestobackgroundnoise. D.Theypaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheirhearing.15.HowcanwedealwithhearinglossaccordingtoDr.RalphHolme?A.Gethelpfrommusicians. B.Listentoloudmusicless.C.Protecthearingproperly. D.Playamusicalinstrumentmore.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，終生演奏一種樂器可以保護(hù)你晚年的聽力，即便如此，科學(xué)家也建議我們要正確保護(hù)聽力。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hearingnormallydeclinesaspeopleage.(聽力通常隨著年齡的增長而下降。)”可知，人們的聽力通常會(huì)隨著年齡的增長而變得更糟。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Playingamusicalinstrumentthroughoutyourlifeprotectsyourhearinginoldage,aCanadianstudysuggests.(一項(xiàng)加拿大的研究表明，一直演奏一種樂器可以保護(hù)老年人的聽力。)”可知，演奏一種樂器有利于保護(hù)聽力。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theresearcherssuggestthatlifelongmusicianshipreducesage-relatedchangesinthebrain,probablyduetomusiciansusingtheirauditorysystemsatahighlevelonaregularbasis.(研究人員認(rèn)為，終身的音樂會(huì)減少大腦中與年齡有關(guān)的變化，這可能是由于音樂家經(jīng)常使用他們的聽覺系統(tǒng)，使其保持在一個(gè)較高的水平。)”可知，音樂家的大腦的某些部分沒有隨著年齡變老而改變，是因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)常使用他們的聽力。故選B。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whilethisstudysuggeststhatmusiciansmightbemoreabletocopewiththeconsequencesofhearingloss,itisfarbettertoreducedamageinthefirstplacebyusingappropriateearprotection.Wehavealwayscampaignedforeveryonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumentorlistenstoloudmusictowearhearingprotection,likeearplugs,whichreducetheriskofdamagingyourhearingpermanently.(雖然這項(xiàng)研究表明，音樂家可能更有能力應(yīng)對聽力損失的后果，但最好是首先通過使用適當(dāng)?shù)亩浔Ｗo(hù)來減少損害。我們一直呼吁每個(gè)演奏樂器或聽大聲音樂的人都戴上聽力保護(hù)裝置，比如耳塞，這樣可以減少永久性損害聽力的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，RalphHolme博士認(rèn)為，要正確地保護(hù)聽力，這樣能減少聽力損失。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FamilyLinkhaslotsofadvantagesthatmaybefavoredbyparents.Insidetheapp,youcancreateGoogleaccountsforyourchildren,sharinginformationliketheirnamesandbirthdates.___16___,thedeviceimmediatelyrequiresyoutologinandinstalltheFamilyLinkappontothedevicesoitcanbemonitored.____17____Ontheparent’sphone,bytappingonthechild’saccountprofileyoucanfollowachild’slocation.Youcanalsoapproveorrejectappsthatachildistryingtodownload.Soifyou’reworriedaboutanaddictivegame,simplyblocktheapps.ParentscanalsouseFamilyLinktocreaterestrictionsforhowchildrenbrowsetheweb.Youcanturnonafilter(過濾器)thatblocksbadwebsites,thoughGoogleacknowledgesthefilterisimperfectandsomeunpleasantsitesmaygetpastit.___18___,youcanalsorequirethechildtogetpermissionforeachsitevisited,blockingtheonesyoudisapproveof.___19___,whichcanbeusedtosetlimitsforhowlongachildcanuseaphoneeachday.Forinstance,youcouldgivethechildthreehoursonweekdays.Youcanalsoscheduleregularbedtimehoursthatlockdownthedeviceatspecifictimes.CarolineKnorr,theparentingeditorofCommonSenseMedia,whichevaluatescontentandproductsforfamilies,applaudedthescreentimefeature,notingthedifficultyofgettingchildrentoputdowntheirphones.___20___“It’snotaset-it-and-forget-itthingwhereparentsthink,”shesaid.“We’reallstilllearningthistechnology,andlifeisveryunpredictable.”A.ForamorepickyapproachB.ItisgoingtosolveallmyproblemsC.ThenwhenyourchildlogsintoaphoneD.Fromthere,FamilyLinkisabreezetouseE.ParentswillprobablyloveafeaturecalledscreentimeF.ButstickingwithtimelimitsandscheduleswouldbecomplicatedG.Parentscanalsogetaweeklyreporttoseehowoftenachildisusingacertainapp【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。給父母讀者介紹了FamilyLink程序及其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。【16題詳解】上文“Insidetheapp,youcancreateGoogleaccountsforyourchildren,sharinginformationliketheirnamesandbirthdates.(在應(yīng)用程序中，你可以為你的孩子創(chuàng)建谷歌賬戶，分享他們的姓名和出生日期等信息。)”指出父母可以為孩子創(chuàng)建賬號。下文“thedeviceimmediatelyrequiresyoutologinandinstalltheFamilyLinkappontothedevicesoitcanbemonitored.(設(shè)備立即要求您登錄并將家庭鏈接應(yīng)用程序安裝到設(shè)備上，以便對其進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。)”指出在某種情況下，APP設(shè)備會(huì)要求父母登錄程序，對孩子進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。選項(xiàng)C“Thenwhenyourchildlogsintoaphone(然后當(dāng)你的孩子登錄到手機(jī)時(shí))”正好指出一種需要父母登錄監(jiān)督的情況，即孩子在手機(jī)上登錄APP，因此該時(shí)間狀語從句承接上文，并能引出下文主句，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“Ontheparent’sphone,bytappingonthechild’saccountprofileyoucanfollowachild’slocation.Youcanalsoapproveorrejectappsthatachildistryingtodownload.Soifyou’reworriedaboutanaddictivegame,simplyblocktheapps.(在家長的手機(jī)上，通過點(diǎn)擊孩子的賬戶檔案，您可以跟蹤孩子的位置。您還可以批準(zhǔn)或拒絕孩子嘗試下載的應(yīng)用程序。所以，如果你擔(dān)心一個(gè)上癮的游戲，只需屏蔽應(yīng)用程序。)”指出通過文本提出的FamilyLink程序，家長能夠很容易的監(jiān)管到孩子對手機(jī)的使用。選項(xiàng)D“Fromthere,FamilyLinkisabreezetouse(從此，F(xiàn)amilyLink便可輕松使用)”正好能引出下文的具體說明從哪些方面來講能夠輕松使用，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Youcanturnonafilter(過濾器)thatblocksbadwebsites,thoughGoogleacknowledgesthefilterisimperfectandsomeunpleasantsitesmaygetpastit.(你可以打開一個(gè)阻止不良網(wǎng)站的過濾器，盡管谷歌承認(rèn)這個(gè)過濾器是不完善的，一些不愉快的網(wǎng)站可能會(huì)通過它。)”指出父母監(jiān)管是可以開啟不良網(wǎng)站的過濾器。下文“youcanalsorequirethechildtogetpermissionforeachsitevisited,blockingtheonesyoudisapproveof.(你也可以要求孩子獲得每個(gè)訪問網(wǎng)站的權(quán)限，屏蔽你不贊成的網(wǎng)站。)”指出父母還可以要求獲得孩子每個(gè)訪問網(wǎng)站的權(quán)限，這是在上文基礎(chǔ)上提出的另一個(gè)更進(jìn)一步的措施。選項(xiàng)A“Foramorepickyapproach(對于更挑剔的方法)”正好表明這一句是延續(xù)上文提出更挑剔的方法，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“whichcanbeusedtosetlimitsforhowlongachildcanuseaphoneeachday.(它可以用來設(shè)定孩子每天使用手機(jī)的時(shí)間限制。)”指出某種操作能夠幫助限制孩子每天的屏幕時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)E“Parentswillprobablyloveafeaturecalledscreentime(父母可能會(huì)喜歡一個(gè)叫做屏幕時(shí)間的功能)”正好提出了屏幕時(shí)間這一功能，引出下文，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“CarolineKnorr,theparentingeditorofCommonSenseMedia,whichevaluatescontentandproductsforfamilies,applaudedthescreentimefeature,notingthedifficultyofgettingchildrentoputdowntheirphones.(CommonSenseMedia的育兒編輯CarolineKnorr稱贊了屏幕時(shí)間功能，并指出讓孩子放下手機(jī)很困難。)”指出屏幕時(shí)間這一功能有價(jià)值所在。下文““It’snotaset-it-and-forget-itthingwhereparentsthink,”shesaid.“We’reallstilllearningthistechnology,andlifeisveryunpredictable.”(她說：“這并不是父母想的那樣，我們都在學(xué)習(xí)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，生活是不可預(yù)測的?！?”指出這一功能雖然有價(jià)值所在，但也不是我們所想的那樣簡單。選項(xiàng)F“Butstickingwithtimelimitsandscheduleswouldbecomplicated(但堅(jiān)持時(shí)間限制和時(shí)間表會(huì)很復(fù)雜)”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。BillSumielwashavingatoughFriday.ItwasOctober2020,andthe71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(腎)failure,foundhimselfatamedicalcenter30milesfromhome.Sumielwasnostrangertothe____21____ofkidneydisease.He’dsufferedfromdiabetes(糖尿病)morethan20yearsbefore,which____22____hiskidneyproblems.Hewasonthetransplant____23____,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.Sohecontinuedwithhistreatmentsandtookataxitoandfromhis____24____.TimothyLetts,31,wasdrivingnorthtovisitafriendwhenhisphonerangwiththe____25____forSumiel’sridehome.ThetripwasoutofLetts’sway.____26____,hetooktheorder.WhenSumielgotintothecar,thepairgotto____27____.Sumiel____28____thathewassearchingforakidneydonor.Lettsjokedthathe’dbeagooddonor(捐贈(zèng)者),____29____thathedidn’tdrinkorsmoke.Sumiel____30____,thoughhedidn’tthinkmuchofitastheykeptdriving.Letts,however,couldn’tstopthinkingaboutit.Aboutaquarter-mileawayfromSumiel’shouse,Lettssaid,“I’dliketoseeifIcouldbea____31____togiveyouakidney.”SumielwastouchedbyLetts’s____32____,thoughhewonderedifithadjustbeena(n)____33____moment.ButLettswas____34____tohisword.HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshad____35____thekidneytransplantprogram.Afteralongscreeningprocess,theresultswerein:Lettswasanidealdonor,andheandSumielwereaperfectmatch.21.A.origins B.struggles C.warnings D.symbols22.A.adaptedto B.arosefrom C.ledto D.tookover23.A.list B.category C.class D.group24.A.department B.company C.arrangement D.appointment25.A.application B.question C.request D.intention26.A.Still B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile27.A.debating B.remarking C.arguing D.chatting28.A.instructed B.revealed C.wondered D.announced29.A.supposed B.assumed C.given D.convinced30.A.agreed B.claimed C.doubted D.suggested31.A.sponsor B.match C.surgeon D.model32.A.demand B.advice C.offer D.mission33.A.magical B.joyful C.anxious D.emotional34.A.equal B.kind C.true D.sensitive35.A.contacted B.informed C.persuaded D.urged【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了71的Sumiel因?yàn)槟I衰竭需要腎移植，但是找不到合適的腎源。有一天Sumiel打了一輛出租車回家，他在車上和出租車司機(jī)Letts閑聊時(shí)告訴了司機(jī)他的困境。出租車司機(jī)說他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的腎適合移植給Sumiel，并且手術(shù)很成功?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蘇米爾對與腎病作斗爭并不陌生。A.origins起源；B.struggles斗爭；C.warnings警告；D.symbols符號。根據(jù)前文“ItwasOctober2020,andthe71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(腎)failure”可知，蘇米爾有腎衰竭，所以應(yīng)是與腎病作斗爭并不陌生。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：20多年前，他就患有糖尿病，導(dǎo)致腎臟出了問題。A.adaptedto適應(yīng)于；B.arosefrom產(chǎn)生于；C.ledto導(dǎo)致；D.tookover接管。根據(jù)前文“He’dsufferedfromdiabetes(糖尿病)morethan20yearsbefore”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，應(yīng)是糖尿病導(dǎo)致腎臟出了問題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他在移植名單上，但還沒有匹配的人出現(xiàn)。A.list名單；B.category類別；C.class班級；D.group組。根據(jù)后文“butnomatcheshadyetappeared.”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，沒有匹配的人出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)是在移植名單上。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他繼續(xù)他的治療，并乘坐出租車往返于他的預(yù)約。A.department部門；B.company公司；C.arrangement安排；D.appointment預(yù)約。根據(jù)前文“Sohecontinuedwithhistreatments”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，腎衰竭的患者需要定期做透析，所以應(yīng)是“乘坐出租車往返于他和醫(yī)院的預(yù)約”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：31歲的蒂莫西·萊茨(TimothyLetts)開車北上看朋友時(shí)，他的電話響了，要求載Sumiel回家。A.application應(yīng)用；B.question問題；C.request要求；D.intention打算。根據(jù)后文“hetooktheorder”可知，萊茨接受了這個(gè)訂單，所以是要求載Sumiel回家。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，他還是接受了訂單。A.Still盡管如此；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否則；D.Meanwhile同時(shí)。根據(jù)前文“ThetripwasoutofLetts’sway”以及后文“hetooktheorder”可知，不順路，但是還是接受了訂單，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用“Still盡管如此”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Sumiel上了車，兩人開始聊天。A.debating討論；B.remarking評論；C.arguing爭論；D.chatting聊天。根據(jù)后文“Sumiel8thathewassearchingfora