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定語(yǔ)從句AttributiveClauseUnit4
Unit4Discoveringusefulstructures
UnderstandattributeandattributiveclauseThedefinitionoftheattribute:
1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.3.Thisisaflowerbasketboughtbymyfriend.3.Theflowersinthebasketwereboughtbymyfriend.4.Thisisaflowerbasketthatwasboughtbymyfriend.定語(yǔ):修飾名詞或代詞的成分,用來(lái)說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征。1.可充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的主要有形容詞,名詞,介詞短語(yǔ),非謂語(yǔ),句子;常譯為“……的”2.在所修飾詞之前的定語(yǔ)為前置定語(yǔ),在所修飾詞之后的定語(yǔ)為后置定語(yǔ)。3.單個(gè)的詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放于被修飾詞的前面,短語(yǔ)或從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放于被修飾詞的后面。
這個(gè)男人是杰克船長(zhǎng)。
這個(gè)男人正在奔跑。
這個(gè)正在奔跑的男人是杰克船長(zhǎng)。ThemanisCaptainJack.Themanisrunning.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.定語(yǔ)從句:修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句,其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞。先行詞:被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞:引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞。(引導(dǎo)詞)關(guān)系詞的作用:1.連接主從句2.指代先行詞3.在從句中充當(dāng)成分
ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.ReviewAttributiveClause定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞先行詞1.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.2.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.3.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedforthedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.4.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.5.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquake.找出下列句中的定語(yǔ)從句。
Theusageoftherelativepronouns1.that指人或物,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ),作賓/表時(shí)可省。2.which指物,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省。
Aplaneisamachine______________canfly.
Thenoodles__________
Icookedweredelicious.
Let’sasktheman________isreadingabookoverthere.
Thegirl
___________wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.
that,which,who,whom,whose,asthat/whichthat/whichthat
Hedoesn'tseemtobetheman________hewastenyearsago.
that
Theyplantedthetrees____________didn’tneedmuchwater.
Thefish______________weboughtyesterdaywerenotfresh.
Thisisthehousein
____________
welivedlastyear.
thatthat/whichwhich/thatwhich3.who指人,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省。4.whom
指人,在從句中作賓語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省。
Theforeigner____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.
Theboy________
brokethewindowiscalledMichael.
Theperson______________youjusttalkedtoisMrLi.
MrReadistheprofessorto___________youshouldwrite.whowhowhom/whowhomthat,which,who,whom,whose,as
MissFloweristheteacher________housecaughtfirelastweek.5.whose指人和物,在從句中作定語(yǔ),意為“……的”。whose+n可以用“the+n.+ofwhich/whom”或者“ofwhich/whom+the+n.”代替thehouseofwhom=ofwhomthehouse
Thisistheboy_______compositiontheteacherthinkshighlyof.
Thisisthebook_________
coverisblue.thecoverofwhich=ofwhichthecoverwhosewhosewhosethat,which,who,whom,whose,asthecompositionofwhom=ofwhomthecomposition6.as
指人和物,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。用于thesame...as;as.....as;such...as;so...as等結(jié)構(gòu)Thisisthesamebook______wasboughtyesterday.Thereissowarmahouse_________wewanttolivein.比較:Itissowarmahouse______wealladmire.Itissowarmahouse______weallwanttohaveone.ThisisthesamepenasIboughtyesterday.ThisisthesamepenthatIboughtyesterday.asasasthatthat,which,who,whom,whose,as學(xué)以致用[用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空]①
The
student
_________
answered
the
question
was
John.who/that②
I
know
the
person
_______
house
was
destroyed
in
the
earthquake.whose③
Look,
here
are
some
people
______________
I
want
you
to
meet.who/whom/that④
Do
you
still
remember
the
chicken
farm
__________
we
visited
three
months
ago?that/which⑤
The
house
in
_______
I
used
to
live
became
ruins
in
a
big
fire.which⑥
Please
give
me
the
book
_______
cover
is
green.whosePara2:Theyjumpfromplanesintoareasthataredifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot,likethemiddleofamountainforest.ABPara2:SinceIwasalittlegirl,I'dbeenstucklikethis,andIhadlivedalifewhereIwouldbeafraidofeverything.Butthenitallstartedchanging.Para3:Thechangesinthewindpatternsthatmovecloudsandmoisturethroughtheatmosphere(大氣層)cancauseaplacenottoreceiveitsnormalamountofrainorsnowoveralongperiodoftime.CPara4:Ifyouliveinaplacewheremostofthewateryouusecomesfromariver,adroughtinyourareacanbecausedbyplacesupstreamfromyounotreceivingenoughmoisture.Therewouldbelesswaterintheriverforyouandotherpeoplewholivealongtherivertouse.CPara1:Thousandsofyearsago,Britainwascoveredbythickforests,hometomanyanimalswhichnolongerliveintheUnitedKingdom.DPara2:TheUnitedKingdomisoneofthefewcountriesintheworldthatdon'thavealargewildanimalthateatsmeat.Para3:TheysuggestthattreesandplantsthatgrewintheUKbeforetownsandcitieswerebuiltshouldbeallowedtogrowagain.TheyevensaythatlargewildanimalswhichhavenotlivedintheUKshouldbehelpedtoreturnandliveinthewild.DPara4:Inthelasttwentyyears,overonemilliontreeswhichatfirstgrewinScotlandhavebeenplantedandthereareplansformore—butwildanimals?Para4:Theyarealsoangrythatrewildingmightmeananendtowalkinginthehillswhichsomanypeopleenjoy.關(guān)系代詞指代在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋镏髡Z(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)whowhomwhichthatwhose
關(guān)系代詞基本用法歸納表
Note:
1.用which而不用that的情況:①介詞前置時(shí),即介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;②引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí);③先行詞本身就是that時(shí)。以下句子為什么只能用which不能用that?Brucedoesn’tlistentoothers’advice,whichmakeshismotherveryannoyed.Thosearethetreesunderwhichpeoplecanhavearest.IattendsomeactivitiesregularlyfromwhichIbenefitalot.二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況
二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況Note:
22.用that而不用which的情況:①先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,few,little,much,none,theone
等不定代詞,或被all,every,no,some,any,
few,little,much等不定代詞修飾時(shí);②先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí);③先行詞被the
only,the
very,thelast,theright修飾時(shí);④先行詞既有人又有物時(shí);⑤主句是以who,
which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。
Note:
以下句子為什么只能用that不能用which?
Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.
I’vereadallthebooksthatmymotherboughtforme.
Thisisthefirstbookthathehasread.
Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.
Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.
Whichisthequestionthat
youdon’tunderstand?
Yourdiseaseisnotthecasethatitusedtobe.二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況1.Anything____canburnisasourceofheatenergy.2.Thisistheverybook______I’mlookingfor.3.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons______impressedthemmost.4.Whichisthebook_______youlost?5.Thisisthebestfilm_____Ihaveeverseen.6.Pleasegetreadyforeverything____weneed.7.Thisisthewatch____________Ilostyesterday.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat/whichFillintheblanks.二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況
Note:
3.用who而不用that的情況:①主句是therebe句型,且先行詞是人時(shí);②先行詞是人稱代詞he/she/those...,或者不定代詞anyone,someone,everyone,somebody,anybody,one,ones等詞時(shí);③先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí);④當(dāng)先行詞是people或是表示人的集體名詞時(shí)。以下句子為什么只能用who不能用that?Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.Thereisastudentwhoisalwaysmakingnoise.Heis
thethirdmanwho
passedtheexam.Therearelotsofpeoplewhoarelisteningtotheradio.二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況
Note:
4.用that而不用who的情況:①當(dāng)先行詞為形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾時(shí);②當(dāng)在以疑問(wèn)代詞who開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句中時(shí);③當(dāng)先行詞為疑問(wèn)代詞who,which時(shí);④當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞也可省略。以下句子為什么只能用that不能用who?Heisnolongertheman
that
hewas.
Heisnotthefool
that
youthoughthim.Whichofusthat
knowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?/Who
istheperson
that
isstandingbythedoor?ShakespeareisthegreatestpoetthatEnglandhaseverhad.二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況
5.way作先行詞當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的way,且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)該用
that/inwhich/不填。1.Weadmiretheway________________hesolvedtheproblem.2.Idon’tliketheway_________________youspoketoher.3.Youspeaktoherintheway_______________Idon'tlike.
that/inwhich/不填
that/inwhich/不填
that/which/不填二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況學(xué)以致用[完成句子]①
聊天是她唯一感興趣的事。Chatting
was
the
only
thing
_________________.that
interested
her②
這是我參觀過(guò)的最漂亮的公園。This
is
the
most
beautiful
park
_________________.that
I
have
visited③
任何觸犯法律的人都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。Anybody
___________________
should
be
punished.who
breaks
the
law二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況學(xué)以致用[完成句子]④
她把她感興趣的人和物都拍攝了下來(lái)。She
took
photographs
of
the
people
and
things
________________________.that
she
was
interested
in⑤
應(yīng)該有你可以征求意見(jiàn)或?yàn)槟憬鉀Q問(wèn)題的人。There
should
be
someone
_____________________
for
any
advice
or
to
clear
up
any
problems.to
whom
you
can
turn⑥
成功往往屬于那些堅(jiān)持夢(mèng)想的人。Success
often
belongs
to
those
________________________.who
stick
to
their
dreams二、使用特定關(guān)系代詞的一般情況Dosomeexercises1.Adisasterisaverybadaccidentorasuddenevent______usuallycausesgreatdamageandcanruinmanypeople’slives.2.Thewomanwantedtofindandthankthefirefighter_______rescuedherfromthefire.3.Atyphoonisanextremelystrongwind______oftenhappensintheWesternPacificOcean.4.Thechildren________parentscouldnotbefoundwerelookedafterbyneighboursandfriends.P90:Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whomthat/whichthat/whothat/whichwhose5.Atsunamiisaverylargewave________isoftencausedbyanearthquakeunderthesea.6.Peopleto_______muchisgivenarepeopleof_________muchwillbeexpected.P90:Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whomthat/whichwhomwhom
1.Theearthquake___________hitSanFranciscoonApril18shookdownhundredsofthousandsofdollars’worthofwallsandchimneys(煙囪).2.Thefirefightersto___________thetaskwasgivendidtheirbestbuttherewasnowaytoorganiseorcommunicate.3.Tensofthousands____________hadlosttheirhomesleftthecitytolookforshelterfromthefires.4.Theteambringshelpandhopetothose___________livesarechangedbyastorm,flood,earthquakeoranyothernaturaldisaster.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,asor“/”that/whichwhom
who/thatwhose
5.Thelistofpeopleto
helphasbeengivenislong.6.Theteamtreatedmorethan3,000people
wereinjuredinthe2006earthquakeinIndonesia.7.Theyhavetobeabletodowork
isdifficultunderconditions__canbeverydangerous.who/thatthat/whichthat/whichwhomCompleteeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,asor“/”
ThoughIcan’tremembereverything____happenedduringthetimeinuniversity,Istillremembersomepeopleandthings
_____
wererelatedtoMissBrown,_____usedtobemonitorinourclass.Ifyouwanttoknowaboutthelady_________Ireferredtoinmydiary,Icantellyouit’sher,MissBrown.Hereisastory______makesmerememberMissBrownuntilnow.Oneafternoon,sheandIarrivedinNewYork,______wewouldlookforwardto.Wewenttothebiggestbookshopin______
thereweredifferentkindsofbookstobesold.thatthatwhowho/thatthat/whichwhichwhich語(yǔ)篇填空2Shepersuadedmetoreadeverygrammarbook______couldoffermeknowledgeofgrammarandbuyadictionary__________Icouldlookupthenewwordsin.MissBrownalsoboughtthesamebooks_____Idid.Justwhenweleftthebookshopandwerereadytogobacktoouruniversity,abigmanstoppedusandrobbedmeofmynecklace.I’llneverforgetthattime______
MissBrowntriedherbesttohelpmeandlostoneofherfingers.thataswhich/thatwhen語(yǔ)篇填空21.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters
hadgreatexperienceincaringfortheseanimals.
2.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth
givesofflightinthedark.
3.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014
showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.
4.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogram
givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.
5.Manywesterners
cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.
who/thatthatwhich/that高考鏈接which/thatwho/thatdrillsTheCCTVreporterisinterviewingawoman.Thewoman'sfamilysurvivedtheearthquake.TheCCTVreporterisinterviewingawomanwhose
familysurvivedtheearthquake.Use
anAttributiveClausetocombineeachpairofsentences.drillsThepeoplelosteverythinginthequake.Weneedtohelpthemprepareforthecomingwinter.Weneedtohelpthepeoplewholosteverythinginthequakeprepareforthecomingwinter.
Use
anAttributiveClausetocombineeachpairofsentences.drills1.Herearesomeofthepeople________homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople___________wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything________theycouldfind.4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_____________hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5.Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostin
thedisasterwastakentothehospital.6.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby______________shewasrescued.7.Isthistheyoungboy__________savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?that/whichthatwhowhosewhosewho/thatwhomP52:Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,asor“/”TheusageoftherelativeadverbsIstillrememberthefirstday______Isawyourface.Istillrememberthefirstday______yousmiledatme.Thisisthelibrary________Ireadallkindsofbooks.Oh,shemustbethereason_____Godmakesagirl.Hegetsintoasituation______it’shardtotellwhatisrightorwrong.Thesituation________heisfacedwithisveryworrying.whenwhenwherewhywhen先行詞為表示時(shí)間的詞,when在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。where先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的詞,where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。why先行詞為表示原因的詞,why在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞where還可表示“抽象地點(diǎn)”。常見(jiàn)的先行詞有point,position,situation,stage,case,condition,atmosphere等。
wherethat/which
1.Iwillneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.Iwillneverforgetthedays_______westayedtogether.2.Thereason_________heexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.Thereason_______hewaslatewasthathemissedhisbus.3.Keepthebookinplace_______youcanfinditeasily.Thisisthehouse__________wasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.that/whichwhenthat/whichwhywherethat/which對(duì)比填空:that、which、when、where、whywhwherewhywhen可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“___________________________”結(jié)構(gòu)。where可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“__________________________”結(jié)構(gòu)。why可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“________________”結(jié)構(gòu)。Itwasatime______________
peopleweredividedgeographically.Thisisthepark__________________Iplayedfootball.Therearemanyreasons________________
peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.介詞(during/in/at...)+whichwhen(atwhich)介詞(on/in/at...)+whichfor+whichwhere(inwhich)why(forwhich)1.Wevisitedthehouse________thefamousscientistoncelived.2.Thephotoremindedmeofthedays________Iplayedhide-
and-seekwithmybrotherandIstayedforsixyears.3.Itwasaperiod________theyhaddiscussionveryfrequently.4.Theproblemhascometoapoint________everyonehasdifferentopinionsanditisdifficulttoreachanagreement.5.Oneofthereasons______hewasrefusedintheinterviewwasthathisspokenEnglishwasterrible.6.I'llneverforgetthetime_____________wespenttogetherinthevolunteerorganization.7.I'llneverforgettheday________Ijoinedtherobotclub.wherewhenwhenwhere單句語(yǔ)法填空whythat/whichwhen1.關(guān)系代詞的確定“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),用介詞+whom
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句:Doyouknowthegirlwith________ourteacheristalking?
當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用介詞+which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句:Thisistheroomin___________mygrandmotherusedtolive.
當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí),用介詞+whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句:Heistheverymanin_________pocketIfoundmylostmoney.whomwhichwhose1.Ishouldmakeanapologytothemanat________Iyelledthismorning.2.Thefilmabout________wetalkedwillbescreenedonDecember4th.3.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without________helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.whomwhichwhose2.介詞的確定
①根據(jù)先行詞的搭配關(guān)系:1)Istillremembertheday______________Imetyou.
2)Iwillneverforgetthefarm_____________Iworkedwithyou.3)Themoney______________youcouldbuyfoodisgone.
onwhichonwhichwithwhich(ontheday在那天)(onthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng))(withthemoney用錢)
“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句2.介詞的確定
②根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或形容詞的搭配習(xí)慣Doyoulikethebook______________shespent$10?
2)Doyoulikethebook______________shepaid$10?3)TheWestLake,______________Hangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.onwhichforwhichforwhich“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句2.介詞的確定③
根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)確定Air,________________mancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.
2)Thisistheman___________mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.withoutwhichwithwhom“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句用介詞+關(guān)系代詞填空。1.Whoistheperson_______
_______youjustshookhands?2.Chinaisapowerfulcountry_______
_______weareproud.3.Thisisthetree_______
_______weusedtoplaygames.4.Thisismyglasses,_______
_______Ican’tseeclearly.5.Doyouremembertheday_______
_______youjoinedourclub?6.Irecognizedtheboss__________companymysisterwasworking.7.Isthisthefarm__________Tomworkedfortenyears?8.Oxygenisakindofgas________________humanscan’tlive.withwhomwithoutwhichunderwhichofwhichonwhich即學(xué)即練inwhoseonwhichwithout
which3.名/代/數(shù)詞/形容詞最高級(jí)+介詞+關(guān)系詞“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.Iboughtadozenofeggs,sixof
(=butsixof
)brokewhenIdroppedthebox.2.Hewentwithagroupofpeople,fewof
werecorrectlyequippedforsuchaclimbing.3.You’vemademanymistakes,mostof
wereduetoyourcarelessness.4.Theschool,mostof
studentsarefromQingyuan,hasproducedmanyexcellentstudents.5.Thereare50studentsinourclass,thetallestof________isTom.6.Thisisacozyhouse,thewindowsof_________facesouth.whichthemwhomwhichwhosewhomwhich所屬關(guān)系整體中的部分Non-restrictiveattributiveclause一.限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別1.意義不同:限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句關(guān)系密切,不可缺少,否則主句的意思就不完整。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句的關(guān)系不是十分密切,只是對(duì)先行詞作附加或補(bǔ)充性的說(shuō)明,即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整、清楚。2.形式不同:非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一般會(huì)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。3.引導(dǎo)詞不同:that和why不能引導(dǎo)非限定從。1.People
whotakephysicalexerciseregularlylivelonger.(若把定語(yǔ)從句去掉,句子意義不完整)(限制性定語(yǔ)從句)2.Hisdaughter,whoisinShenzhennow,iscominghomenextweek.(若把定語(yǔ)從句去掉,句子意義仍然完整)(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)1.關(guān)系代詞指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容Shesaidshehadfinishedherwork,________Idoubtedverymuch.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,
frightenedmeverymuch.
2.先行詞是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物或?qū)S忻~
Themoon,
is384,400kilometersawayfromtheearth,createsmanybeautifulstories.3.先行詞指的是某人唯一的某個(gè)親屬對(duì)比:Hisbrotherwhoisnowalawyeralwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.他那個(gè)現(xiàn)在是律師的哥哥總是鼓勵(lì)他上大學(xué)。Hisbrother,whoisnowalawyer,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.他的哥哥,現(xiàn)在是律師,總是鼓勵(lì)他上大學(xué)。whichwhichwhich二.用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的情況:which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1.Lauracouldn'tcometoourparty,whichwasapity.2.Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylong
history.注意:which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),放在主句或被修飾詞后面,既可以代指主句一整件事情,通常譯成“這”;也可以代指主句當(dāng)中某個(gè)先行詞(單詞或詞組),具體由句意確定。1.位置不同:which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,只能位于主句或被修飾詞之_______,as引導(dǎo)的從句可位于____________________。如:_________youknow,Davidisaphotographer.2.意義不同:as譯成“______”,which意為“____________”。
Idon’tthinkthathewillcometoseeme,_________mademesad.______(is)planned,wegottherebeforeeight.Hemarriedher,__________wasunexpected.Tomfailed,____(was)expected.后句首、句中、句后AswhichAs正如這(件事,一點(diǎn))三.as,which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別whichas3.as用于固定搭配:asweallknow//asisknowntous/all,...asissaid/reported,...as(is)expected/planned/scheduled,...asoftenhappens,...//asisoftenthecase(withsb.)ashasbeensaid/mentionedbefore,...
aseverybodycansee,...正如大家所知道的那樣正如所說(shuō)/報(bào)道的那樣正如所預(yù)料/計(jì)劃的那樣正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣正如之前所說(shuō)/提到的正如大家所看到的Fillintheblanks1.“Youhavetogetusedtoawholenewwayoflife,
cantakeupallyourconcentrationinthebeginning,”explainedXieLei,
hadlivedallherlifeinthesamecityinChina.2.Livingwithhostfamilies,
theremaybeothercollegestudents,givesherthechancetolearnmoreaboutthenewculture.3.
isoftenthecasewithhumanbeings,manyanimalssleepalotwhenyoung,butsleepmuchlesswhentheygetolder.4.
OurgraduationwillbeheldinJuly,
wewillsaygoodbyetoourclassmatesandteachers.5.
ThisessayiswritteninLatin,
languageIdidn’tquiteunderstand.6.Wecouldn’tgivethereason,
somanypeoplewereinfavorofthedraft.7.ThepersonstandingthereisMr.Wang,
wetalkedaboutjustnow.whichwhereAswhenwhosewhomwhoforwhich
定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式Thesuitcasewhichliesonthegroundishers.ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.HeistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswhohaslearnedFrench.
①關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。②先行詞是“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;③先行詞是“theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。注意事項(xiàng)1Thenumberofthepeoplewho/that__________(come)tovisitthecityeachyear____(rise)by15%.Tomisoneofthestudentswho___(be)goingtotakepartinthecompetition.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho_____(be)goingtotakepartinthecompetition.comerisesareis
定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式注意事項(xiàng)1
1.分隔式:與先行詞分離的定語(yǔ)從句Theprofessorenteredthehall
hadjustdeliveredtwolectures.2.混雜式:先行詞后插入Ithink/believe/guess/expect,Iamsure,theysay等。Iamquitefamiliarwiththeregulationsofourschool,_________Ibelievewillbehelpfultotheirlaterstudyandlife.whowhich定從的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)注意事項(xiàng)2Ihavenoideaabouttheman__________wrotethearticle.Ihavemanyfriendsto__________I’mgoingtosendpostcards.Children__________dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.Hewilltellyoueverything__________heheardabout.Thisisthefactory________________wevisitedlastyear.__________weknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.Therearemoments___________onefeelsunhappyfornoreason.Beijingistheplace_____________________hewasborn.Isthisthereason_____________________herefusedourinvitation?whowhomwhose(which/that)thatAswhenwhere(=inwhich)why(=forwhich)鞏固練習(xí)易錯(cuò)聚焦(一)定語(yǔ)從句意識(shí)缺失1.關(guān)系代詞被普通代詞取代Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,someofthemaremyfavorite.Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,someofwhicharemyfavorite.2.關(guān)系代詞遺漏Thelastoneleavestheclassroompleaseclosethewindows.Thelastonewholeavestheclassroompleaseclosethewindows.×√×√判斷正誤(二)假冒偽劣的定語(yǔ)從句1.有從無(wú)主式MyfriendJane,whoisveryfriendlytousclassmates.MyfriendJaneisveryfriendlytousclassmates.MyfriendJane,whoisveryfriendlytousclassmates,hasavarietyofhobbies.2.畫(huà)蛇添足式(1)Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,thatasadboystandsbetweenhisangryparents.關(guān)系代詞as代替逗號(hào)后面的整個(gè)主句,因此主句是不需要連接詞的。所以應(yīng)去掉that。(2)Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,amanwhoistalkinghappily.as代替逗號(hào)后面的整個(gè)主句,主句中的who是多余的。(3)Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,andsomeofwhicharemyfavorite.如果要滿足定語(yǔ)從句的話,顯然并列連詞and是多余的?!痢獭?Therewasatime1.______IwastiredoflearningEnglishanddislikedtospeakEnglish.Andthiswasthereason2._____myfatherforcedmetojoinina30-daytraininginanEnglishclubbeforeIwenttoseniorhighschool.WhenIfirstcametotheclub,3._______Imetmanystrangers,Imissedmyparentsverymuch.SoIpackedupmythingsandwantedtogohome.Fortunately,myguide,4._______teacherwasProfessorWong,communicatedwithmefacetoface,from5._______I
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