高中英語北師大版Unit12Cultureshock 綜合過關(guān)檢測一

綜合過關(guān)檢測一(時(shí)間:90分鐘滿分:120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共12小題;每小題分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2023福建畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)Wanttohelpfightglobalwarming?Takeoffyourtie,saystheItalianhealthministry.Ithasurgedemployerstolettheirstaffdresscasuallyatworkinthesummersothattheairconditioningcanbeturneddown.“Takingyourtieoffimmediatelylowersthebodytemperatureby2or3degreescentigrade,”theministrysaidinastatement.“Allowingamoresensibleuseofairconditioningbringsaboutelectricitysavingsandprotectstheenvironment.”ItcalledonallpublicandprivateofficestoletemployeeswearnotieduringheatwavesliketheonethathasbroughtAfrica-liketemperaturestomanypartsofItalythisweek.Themoveechoes(回應(yīng))asimilaractionfromItaly’sbiggestoilgroup,ENI,whichtolditsstaffearlierthismonththeyneednotwearatieatwork.Thetiemakers,however,werelefthotunderthecollar.

“Italyconfirmsthatitisastrangecountry,”FlavioCimasaidangrilyinalettertofinancialdailyIlSole24OREundertheheadline:“I,tiemaker,amresponsibleforglobalwarming.”“Wecannowhappilycontinuewithourlifestyle,usingcars,consumingfuel,heatingandcoolingourhomesatonecondition:weshouldnotwearatiewhilewedoso,”hewrote.“Ishouldhavelistenedtomyfriendsandbecomeanoilproducerinstead.”ItalyisoneoftheEuropeanUnion’sworstperformersonthepollutionfrontandisamongtheEUcountriesexpectedtoexceed(超出)theirgreenhousegasemission(排放)targets.’sthepurposeofthemoveoftakingoffties?dresscasually.fightglobalwarming.keepthebodytemperature.improveworkingconditions.提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Wanttohelpfightglobalwarming?Takeoffyourtie”可知,解掉領(lǐng)帶是為了抵制全球變暖,故B項(xiàng)正確。答案:Bfirstencouragedemployeestotakeoffties?.Cima.financialdaily. Italianhealthministry.提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“ENI,whichtolditsstaffearlierthismonththeyneednotwearatieatwork”可知,ENI公司最早鼓勵員工上班時(shí)不戴領(lǐng)帶,故A項(xiàng)正確。答案:Adoestheunderlinedpart“hotunderthecollar”inParagraph6probablymean?. .. .提示:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段和第五段可知,包括ENI在內(nèi)的許多公司,都鼓勵員工不戴領(lǐng)帶上班;根據(jù)常識可以判斷,此舉勢必造成領(lǐng)帶制造商的商品滯銷;結(jié)合第七段的“FlavioCimasaidangrilyinaletter”可以判斷,畫線部分意為“憤怒的”,故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“(因憤怒等)說不出話的”,C項(xiàng)意為“高興的”,D項(xiàng)意為“困惑的”,都與語境不符。答案:AofthefollowingisTRUEaboutFlavioCima?standsbytheoilgroup.agreeswiththeministry.admitshisresponsibility.arguesagainsttakingoffties.提示:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Thetiemakers,however,werelefthotunderthecollar.”以及第七段中的“‘Italyconfirmsthatitisastrangecountry,’FlavioCimasaidangrilyinaletter”可知,對于鼓勵員工不戴領(lǐng)帶上班一事,作為領(lǐng)帶制造商的FlavioCima非常生氣;據(jù)此可以判斷,他對不戴領(lǐng)帶工作的觀點(diǎn)有異議,故D項(xiàng)正確。答案:DB(2023湖北武漢武昌調(diào)研)Ourplanetishometoaboutsevenbillionthe1990s,populationexpertshavepredictedthenumberwouldgrowtoninebillionbeforeitbeginstoslowdownandpossiblydecrease.Butanewreportpredictstheworld’spopulationislikelytoincreasetoalmost11billionbyonthemostmodernstatisticaltools,thenewreportmakesuseofgovernmentrecordsandconsidersexpertpredictions,includingdeathrates,birthratesandinternationalmigration,orpeoplemovingacrossreportsaysduringtherestofthiscentury,Africa’spopulationwillgrowfromaboutbilliontobillionoverthenext85years.JohnisdirectoroftheUnitedNationsPopulationsaysthatinthepast,researchersthoughtpopulationgrowthinAfricawouldbesimilartothatofotherexpectedslowergrowthratesasbirthcontrolusebecamemorehesaysthoseideaswerewrong.“Thelevelofcontraceptionusehascontinuedtoincreasebutslowly—moreslowlythanexpected,andbirthratethereforehasbeenfallinglessrapidlythanexpected,andthepopulationthereforecontinuestogrowsomewhatmorerapidlythanweexpected.”ThenewfindingsarebasedonajointresearchprojectoftheUnitedNationsandtheUniversityofWashington.

TheresearchersbelievethepopulationofAsiawillreachfivebillionbyisupfromthecurrentthenitbeginstoresearchersalsobelievethatNorthAmerica,Europe,LatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanareawillhaveatotalpopulationofbelowonebillion.Johnsaysthepressureoffeedingtherisingpopulationislikelytobelessthanthatmightbeexpected.“Therelativelygoodnewsisthattheworldhasbeenwinningtheracebetweenpopulationgrowthandfoodyoulookbackhistoricallyoverthelast50years,certainlyfortheworldasawholeandformanymostindividualcountriesandregions,theincreaseinfoodproductionhasoutpacedtheincreaseofpopulation.”areawillexperiencethelargestincreaseinpopulationattheendofthecentury?. .. America.提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句可知,非洲人口會增長billion;根據(jù)第五段的第一、二句可知,亞洲人口到2050年會增長billion,接著會下降;根據(jù)第五段的最后一句可知,歐洲、北美、拉丁美洲和加勒比海地區(qū)總?cè)丝诓坏?billion。故選B項(xiàng)。答案:B6.“Contraceptionuse”inthefourthparagraphrefersto.

methodofexpertpredictionswayofavoidinggrowthinpopulationjointresearchintotherisingpopulationpotentialtechnologyforfoodproduction提示:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的第三句可知,他們預(yù)計(jì)避孕措施的普及會使人口出生率的速度減慢,故下文畫線短語的意思是“避免人口增長的方法”,故選B項(xiàng)。答案:BisthepressureoffeedingtherisingpopulationlessthanexpectedaccordingtoJohn?predictionsarenotexactlylikewhatthefactshappen.havealwaysbeenfallinglessrapidlythanweexpected.populationgrowslessrapidlythanpopulationexpertsexpected.increaseinfoodproductionhasoutpacedtheincreaseofpopulation.提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段的“theincreaseinfoodproductionhasoutpacedtheincreaseofpopulation”可知,食物產(chǎn)量的增長超過了人口的增長,故選D項(xiàng)。答案:Dcanbeinferredfromthepassage?world’spopulationwillincreaseconstantly.populationofAsiawillriseby5billionby2050.isoptimisticaboutfeedingtherisingpopulation.growthinAfricawasmuchslowerthanexpected.提示:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段的內(nèi)容可知,John認(rèn)為好消息是在人口增長與食物產(chǎn)量增長這場比賽中,世界一直在取得勝利,并且食物產(chǎn)量的增長超過了人口的增長,故可推知選C項(xiàng)。答案:CC(2023安徽合肥第一次質(zhì)檢)WhenslaveswerefirstbroughtoverfromWestAfricatothesouthernpartsofAmerica,theybroughtalongwiththemaspectsoftheirownculture—religion,dance,language,music,andmixofthetwocultureseventuallyreligiousdanceoftheringshoutturnedintomoderndancesliketheCharleston,andtribalchantsslowlytransformedintosorrowfulhymns(圣歌)sungbyslavesthatdescribedtheirhardships.Thesesoulfulaccountsbyslavesofthesevereclimateandconditionsbegantobecalled“theblues”,whichcontinuedinpopularityamongAfricanAmericansaftertheCivilmusicincreasedinpopularityintotheearly1900swhenmanyblackmusiciansbecameanimportantpartofthemusicindustry.TheslavesthathadbeenbroughtoverwerefromalldifferentregionsofWestAfrica,buttheyworkedtogetheruntiltheygraduallyformedacommonstrengthenedtheidentityoftheirmusicthat,inthe1950s,eventuallyledtothebeginningofrockandBeatles,themostinfluentialbandofthe1960s,areoftendeterminedastheacceleratorthatresultedintheideology(意識形態(tài))surroundingmusicthatisstillaroundfreedomandindividualityassociatedwiththattimeperiodbroughtforthawholeculturesurroundingwasnotjustmusicanymore,butalifestyle.Overthedecades,musichasdevelopedintosuchavitalpartofsocietyandpopareglorified,withtonsofadoringandscreamingmoderntechnologyofpresentdayhasallowedforagreatergapbetweenthecreatorofthemusicandthefans,aswellasthewidespreadcommercializationof,criticismsofmodernpopmusicoftenariseduetoitsmassproduction,andnowthereislackofthesamesoulandqualityofnaturalnessandsimplicityinmusicthatwasrisingintheearly20thcentury.contributedtothebirthoftheCharleston?Africanreligions.’sloveoftribaldances.mixoftwodifferentcultures.popularityofsorrowfulhymns.提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“AmixofthetwocultureseventuallyreligiousdanceoftheringshoutturnedintomoderndancesliketheCharleston”可知,兩種文化的混合促進(jìn)了Charleston的出現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。答案:Ctothepassage,whatcanwelearnabouttheblues?becamepopularinthelate20thcentury.mayincludethedescriptionofslaves’sadlives.mainlytoldthestoriesoftheAmericanCivilWar.reflectedthehardlivesofmanyblackmusicians.提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesesoulfulaccountsbyslavesofthesevereclimateandconditionsbegantobecalled‘theblues’”可知,對在苛刻的氣候和環(huán)境下工作的奴隸的那些深情凄婉的描述被稱作“theblues”。故選B項(xiàng)。答案:Bdoestheunderlinedword“This”inthethirdparagraphreferto?’collectivework.regionofWestAfrica.newcommonculture.musicbytheBeatles.提示:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“theyworkedtogetheruntiltheygraduallyformedacommonstrengthened”可知,他們一起工作直到他們逐漸形成一種共同的文化。故選C項(xiàng)。答案:Ccanbelearnedthatthemusicintheearly20thcentury.

soulandsinceritymorecommercializedblamedforitsmassproductionthegapbetweenmusiciansandfans提示:推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“andnowthereislackofthesamesoulandqualityofnaturalnessandsimplicityinmusicthatwasrisingintheearly20thcentury”可知,20世紀(jì)早期的音樂擁有靈魂而且純粹真誠,故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)導(dǎo)學(xué)號53100018根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容,從對話后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2023廣東廣州模擬)Sincethedayofitsbirth,theUnitedNationshasbeenthesubjectofmuchdebate.13OthersthinkthatitistoocanbetterunderstandthisdebateifwelearnmoreabouttheUNanditshistory.

TheUNwasstartedfortwo,whentheideawasborn,peopleallovertheworldweretiredoffeltthattheremustbepeacefulanswerstotheworld’sproblems.14

Thesecondreasonwasthatmodernsciencehaddevelopednewbombsandairplanes.15Nationalborderswerebeginningtolosetheirwoulddevelopevenmoredangerousweaponsintheaninternationalorganizationwouldbeabletocontrolmodernscience.

Franklin,.Presidentatthetime,believedthattheAllies(同盟國)shouldplanforpeacebeforethewarDecember1,1943,Roosevelt,Britain’sWinstonChurchillandJosephStalinagreedtostartanorganizationforworldpeace.16

Duringthenextyearandahalf,theideaofsuchanorganizationwasdebatedaroundthecamethebigApril11,1945,thefirstinternationalmeetingoftheUnitedNationstookplaceinSangoalofthemeetingwastowritetheUNCharter(憲章).Allofthefifty-onenationsatthemeetinghadtheirownideastoofferforthecharter.17Everynationpresentvotedfortheonevotedagainstit.

alongdebate,afinalcharterwasagreedupon.UNCharterisabeautifulpieceofwriting.askedallcountries,largeandsmall,tojointheorganization.thesmallestcountryonearthcanhaveitsvoiceheard.alsofeltthatonlyaninternationalorganizationcouldkeepworldpeace.weaponsmadeitalmostimpossibleforacountrytodefenditself.peopleattacktheorganizationbecausetheythinkitistoopowerful.答案:13~17GEFCAⅡ.英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2023安徽合肥第一次質(zhì)檢)Aftersteppingoutoftheinternationalplane,Irealizedmy10-hoursleepyvoyagefinallycametoanonthebus,Iwaswaitinganxiouslyforittostart.Awoman,sittingnexttome,andherdaughterbothseemed18.Shetoldmethatherdaughterhadanupsetstomachandwouldthrowupcontinuously;19,themotherhadlosther20.Apartfromasignificantamountofmoney,thepursealsohadherphoneandaphonenumberofanimportant21,apersonshewastravelling90kilometerstomeetfordiscussinga22matterwhichhadtobe23bytomorrowmorning.

Ihandedhermycellphonewithout24andtoldherthatshecouldmakeanycallshealso25abottleofwaterIhadinmybagtorelieveherdaughterofher26.Aftermakingseveralcalls,theyfinally27totheofficial!Theyturnedtolookatme28andthankedmemanywomantriedtopayformy29,butIjumpedtodoitbeforeher30Iknewshehadlosthermoney.

Nextmorning,Ireceivedacallfromthemother,sayingthattheycouldn’ttellhowmuchmy31acttouchedwereso32thattheyhadtakendownmynumbertothankwas33tobethankedinthisneverthoughtmysimpleoffer34somuchinherIthoughtofhowmanyopportunitiesfor35wehadlostbypluggingintocellphonesandbeingdisconnected36therealityaroundus—somethingwitheasyaccessmaymakeabig37toothers.

提示:根據(jù)下文的“Shetoldmethatherdaughterhadanupsetstomachandwouldthrowupcontinuously”和“themotherhadlosther20”可知,這對母女看起來都很焦慮(uncomfortable),故選D項(xiàng)。

答案:D 提示:根據(jù)上下文語境可知,此處表示除此之外,這位母親還丟了錢包,故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A 提示:參見上題解析。下文的“thepursealsohadherphone”是提示。答案:C 提示:根據(jù)第27空后面的“theofficial”可知,此處指錢包里有一位重要的官員的電話,故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D 提示:根據(jù)空后的“whichhadtobe23bytomorrowmorning”可知,這件事必須在明天上午之前解決,由此可知,這是一件緊急的事情。pressing“緊迫的,迫切的”,故選B項(xiàng)。

答案:B 提示:參見上題解析。settle“解決”。答案:A 提示:此處表示作者毫不猶豫地把手機(jī)遞給那位女士。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D 提示:根據(jù)語境可知,作者從包里拿出一瓶水。produce“拿出,出示”,故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A 提示:根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,作者拿出水是為了緩解那個(gè)女孩兒的惡心或嘔吐,故選C項(xiàng)。答案:Cover through up around提示:根據(jù)語境可知,打了幾個(gè)電話后,她們終于打通了那位官員的電話。getthrough表示“(用電話)聯(lián)系上”。故選B項(xiàng)。答案:B 提示:作者幫助了她們,她們感激地看著作者并且感謝作者很多次。故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D 提示:根據(jù)語境可知,為了感謝作者,那位女士想要為作者付車票錢,故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C 提示:根據(jù)空格前后的內(nèi)容,此處表示原因。故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A 提示:作者慷慨的行為讓她們非常感動,故選B項(xiàng)。答案:B 提示:那對母女考慮得很周到,記下了作者的電話號碼來感謝作者,故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C 提示:受到感謝后作者很吃驚,因?yàn)樽髡哒J(rèn)為那只是一種簡單的幫助,故選B項(xiàng)。答案:B 提示:作者從來沒想過自己簡單的幫助卻在她心中產(chǎn)生了如此大的影響,故選A項(xiàng)。weigh“有影響;有分量”。答案:A 提示:根據(jù)下文意思可知,此處表示我們曾經(jīng)失去過很多表達(dá)善意的機(jī)會,故選C項(xiàng)。答案:C 提示:根據(jù)上下文的意思可知,我們通常塞上耳機(jī),與我們周圍的現(xiàn)實(shí)相脫離,從而失去了對別人表達(dá)善意的機(jī)會,故選D項(xiàng)。答案:D 提示:此處表示一些很容易做到的事情卻對別人有很重要的意義。故選C項(xiàng)。makeadifference“有影響,有作用”。答案:C第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分,滿分15分)導(dǎo)學(xué)號53100019閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2023四川綿陽第二次診斷)Manyteachersbelievethathands-onexperienceisthe38.(good)waytogroupofstudentsintheUnitedStatesareputtingthatbelieftothe39.(success)designedandbuiltarobotfordiscoveringunexploredmines40.thebottomofthemadetherobot41.(answer)achallengefromtheofDefense.

Thestudentsrecentlytestedtheunderwatervehicle42.(call)PerseusⅡina95-meter-longtankofwaterattheStevensInstituteofTechnology.

Therobotcostsabout$15,000tostudentsuseavideogamecontroltodirect43.(it)movementsinthe’smore,devicesknownasJapters44.(able)therobottogoup,downandtowarditstargetinthecamerasontherobotsendimagesbacktoacomputerthrougha13-meter-longⅡalsohas45.setoflasers(激光),whichareusedtomeasurethesizeofanobject.

Therobotisthecreationoffiveundergraduateoversixmonths,theyworkedup46.20hoursaweektodesignandbuildPerseusⅡ.

DeLormesupervisedtheprojectfrom47.(begin)tosaysthespecializedrequirementsofrobotsweredemanding.

38.提示:考查形容詞最高級。此處表示“親身的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)是學(xué)習(xí)的最好方法”,故用最高級best。答案:best39.提示:考查副詞。副詞修飾動詞designed和built作狀語,故用successfully。答案:successfully40.提示:考查介詞。atthebottomof表示“在……的底部”,故用at。答案:at41.提示:考查動詞不定式。在這里toanswer是動詞不定式作目的狀語,表示“制造這個(gè)機(jī)器人是為了回應(yīng)美國國防部的一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)”。答案:toanswer42.提示:考查過去分詞。此處應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語,表示“被叫做”,故用called。答案:called43.提示:考查代詞。由后面的movements可知,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞作定語。指“機(jī)器人的”,用its。答案:its44.提示:考查動詞和時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主語是devices,謂語是設(shè)空處,故應(yīng)用動詞enable,表示“使能夠”。且此處是一般性的描述,故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案:enable45.提示:考查冠詞。asetof表示“一套”,故用a。答案:a46.提示:考查固定短語。upto表示“達(dá)到”,故用介詞to。答案:to47.提示:考查固定短語。frombeginningtoend表示“從頭到尾”。答案:beginningⅢ.寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)導(dǎo)學(xué)號53100020假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(2023遼寧沈陽第一次質(zhì)