2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit5Adelicateworld教學(xué)知識細(xì)解碼教師用書外研版選擇性必修第二冊

PAGEUnit5Adelicateworld1．draman．戲劇，戲劇藝術(shù)→dramaticadj.巨大的；引人注目的；給人印象深刻的→dramaticallyadv.顯著地；戲劇性地2．subsequentadj.隨后的；后來的→subsequencen．隨后發(fā)生的事，后果→subsequentlyadv.后來，隨后3．multiplyv．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增→multiplicationn．乘；增加4．explodev．突然增加；爆炸；突然發(fā)生→explosionn．爆炸；猛增5．ecologyn．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)→ecologicaladj.生態(tài)的；生態(tài)學(xué)的6．comparev．比較；對比；比作→comparisonn．比較7．a(chǎn)pparentadj.自不待言的；明白的；清晰的→apparentlyadv.據(jù)說；看來，好像8．varyv．(形態(tài)等)不同；變更→variousadj.各種各樣的→varietyn．多樣性；多變性→variationn．差異；變更9．secureadj.穩(wěn)固的，牢靠的→securityn．平安10．greetv．打招呼→greetingn．問候，招呼1．trapn．(捕獲動物的)陷阱，羅網(wǎng)，夾子；圈套；陰謀v．使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入逆境①Shehadsetatrapforhimandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.圈套②Theyweretrappedintheburningbuilding. 使陷入逆境③Iwonderedifitwasananimalcaughtinatrap. 陷阱2．explodev．爆炸；爆破；爆裂；勃然(大怒)；大發(fā)(雷霆)；突然發(fā)生(危急)；突然爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)(感情)；突然增加①Therewasahugebangasifsomeonehadexplodedarocketoutside. 爆炸②SuddenlyCharlesexplodedwithrage. 大發(fā)雷霆③Thepopulationexplodesto40，000duringthetouristseason.突然增加WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)1)multiplyv．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增；乘；(使)繁殖(教材P50)Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultipliedrapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.在島上逍遙自由，它(兔子)們盡其所能——快速繁殖，起先吃當(dāng)?shù)氐闹脖徊⑼诙?，造成水土流失。[例1]Thechildrenarealreadylearningtomultiplyanddivide.孩子們已經(jīng)起先學(xué)習(xí)乘法和除法了。[例2]Theirproblemshavemultipliedsincelastyear.自去年以來，他們的問題倍增。[造句]在試驗(yàn)室里繁殖這些細(xì)菌是可能的。Itispossibletomultiplythesebacteriainthelaboratory.[學(xué)問拓展]multipleadj. 多種多樣的multiplechoice 多項(xiàng)選擇multiplicityn. 多種多樣[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Thedriverofthecrashedcarreceivedmultiple(multiply)injuries.②Weareallamazedatthemultiplicity(multiply)ofthenature.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)2)inturn輪番，依次；反過來(教材P50)Thisinturnledtomorecatshuntingthebirds.這反過來又導(dǎo)致更多的貓捕鳥。[例1]Thegirlstookitinturntowipedownthetablesaftermeals.女孩子們飯后輪番擦桌子。[例2]Thestudentsweresummonedinturntobeinterviewed.學(xué)生依次被召入進(jìn)行面試。[造句]反過來，這些也會影響你的工作效率。Thisinturnwillalsohaveanegativeimpactonyourproductivity.[學(xué)問拓展]taketurnstodosth./in(doing)sth. 輪番做某事It'sone'sturntodosth. 輪到某人做某事takeone'sturn 依次，輪到某人byturns 輪番，依次[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①It'syourturntorecite(recite)thepassage.②Wetaketurnstomake/inmakingdinner.＝Wemakedinnerbyturns(turn)．[名師點(diǎn)津](1)inturn表示“輪番；反過來”，而inreturn(for)則表示“作為(對……)的回報(bào)”。(2)byturns和taketurns中的turn用復(fù)數(shù)形式。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)3)decreasev．(使)削減；(使)變小n．削減；降低(教材P51)Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreasefrom130，000toaround10，000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.盡管病毒導(dǎo)致兔子數(shù)量從13萬只削減到1萬只左右，但也意味著貓的食物削減了。[例1]Thisspeciesofbirdsisdecreasinginnumberseveryyear.這種鳥的數(shù)量在逐年削減。[例2]Therehasbeensomedecreaseinmilitaryspendingthisyear.今年的軍費(fèi)開支有所削減。[造句]人們應(yīng)削減脂肪的攝入量。Peopleshoulddecreasetheamountoffattheyeat.[學(xué)問拓展](1)decreaseinsth. (在某方面)降低，削減decreaseto 削減到decreaseby 削減了(2)onthedecrease 在削減(3)increasev．&n. 增加，提高[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Alocalnewspaperremarksthatcrimeisonthedecrease.②Thetrafficaccidentsinthecitydecreasedby30%lastyear.③ThepopulationofChinahasincreasedtoabout1.4billion.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)4)trapvt.使困住；誘捕；誘騙；坑害n．圈套；陷阱；陰謀；夾子(教材P51)Inthe1980s,trapsanddogswereusedtocatchthecats.上世紀(jì)80年頭，人們用陷阱和狗來捕貓。[例1]Webecametrappedbytherisingfloodwater.我們被上漲的洪水困住了。[例2]Werealizedtoolatethatwewerecaughtlikeratsinatrap.等我們發(fā)覺自己已成甕中之鱉時已經(jīng)太晚了。[造句]我不愿讓他以為我是在給他設(shè)圈套。IwouldhatehimtothinkI'mtryingtotraphim.[學(xué)問拓展](1)be/gettrappedin 被困在……中trapo(doing)sth. 使某人陷入……的圈套；使上當(dāng)(2)fallintothetrapofdoingsth. 掉進(jìn)……的陷阱fall/walkintoatrap 掉進(jìn)陷阱(3)set/layatrapfor 為……設(shè)圈套[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theshopkeepertrappedmeintobuying(buy)theirpoorqualitymilk.②Don'tfallintothetrapofinvestingallyourmoneyinoneplace.③Theoldmanwastrappedintheburninghouseatthatmoment.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)5)(教材P51)Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus,andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.結(jié)果他們對病毒產(chǎn)生了免疫力，他們的數(shù)量再次激增。(1)turnout結(jié)果是；證明是[例1]Cosgrave'sforecastturnedouttobequitewrong.科斯格雷夫的預(yù)料最終證明是大錯特錯。[例2]Sometimesthingsdon'tturnoutthewaywethinkthey'regoingto.有時事情并不像我們認(rèn)為的那樣發(fā)展。[造句]結(jié)果發(fā)覺我相識那個中槍的人。ItturnedoutthatIknewthepersonwhogotshot.[學(xué)問拓展]turnup出現(xiàn)，到達(dá)；開大，提高，增加；找到，發(fā)覺turnoff扭轉(zhuǎn)(開關(guān)、水龍頭等)，關(guān)掉(煤氣、自來水等)turnon(扭轉(zhuǎn)開關(guān))打開(自來水)，開(煤氣、燈、電視等)turnin轉(zhuǎn)身進(jìn)入；交出turnto(向某人)求助；留意；翻到(……頁)turndown(扭轉(zhuǎn)形態(tài)等)調(diào)小(煤氣等)，關(guān)小，調(diào)小(收音機(jī)等的聲音)；拒絕turnover翻過來，翻轉(zhuǎn)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Thecarwasturnedoverandthedriverseriouslyinjured.②Becalmandsittightandeverythingwillturnoutwell.③Pleaseremembertoturnoffallthelightswhenyouleave.④Sheturneddowneveryofferofhelp.[小片段填空]Thepartywasalmostover,butJanestilldidn'tturnup．Tomwasverydisappointed.Hedidn'tknowwhyJanedidn'tturndownhisinvitationifshedidn'twanttocome.Heturnedoverthebottlesonthetables,andtherestguestsleftthehallinshock.Tomturnedoffallthelightsinthehall,turningthehallintoaworldofdarkness.Noonecouldimaginehowupsethewas!(2)explodev．爆炸，爆發(fā)；激增；勃然大怒[例1]Theywereclearingupwhenthesecondbombexploded.他們在清理時其次顆炸彈爆炸了。[例2]Doyoufearthatyou'llburstintotearsorexplodewithangerinfrontofher?你膽怯 在她面前突然大哭或勃然大怒嗎？[造句]旅游季節(jié)人數(shù)暴漲至4萬。Thepopulationexplodesto40，000duringthetouristseason.[學(xué)問拓展](1)explodewith 因(生氣)而發(fā)作explodeinto 爆發(fā)出……explodeintolaughter 哄堂大笑(2)explosionn. 爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增explosiveadj. 易爆炸的；爆炸性的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Areyouabouttoexplodewithexcitement?②Stresscanbuildupandexplodeintoproblems.③Highlyexplosive(explode)gasisnaturallyfoundincoalmines.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點(diǎn)6)owev．應(yīng)當(dāng)做；對……負(fù)有……的義務(wù)；欠(債)；感謝；歸功于(教材P51)...butwehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.……但我們?nèi)祟愑辛x務(wù)給這個島一個華蜜的結(jié)局。[例1]Thecountryowesbillionsofdollarstoforeigncreditors.這個國家欠外國債權(quán)人數(shù)十億美元。[例2]TheplayowesmuchtoFrenchtragedy.這部戲頗受法國悲劇的影響。[造句]他對我太好了，我恒久也還不清這份人情。HewassogoodtomethatIcanneverrepaythedebtIowehim.[學(xué)問拓展]owesb.sth. 欠某人某物owe...to... 把……歸功于……owingto 由于[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Owing(owe)totherain,theycouldnotcome.②Heoweshisgoodhealthtohisregularlife.③Ioweanapologytohim.＝Iowehimanapology.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)nor倒裝句(教材P50)Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他們也會去想象島上的棲息動物，包括皇家企鵝、王企鵝和象海豹，是如何與自然棲息地和諧共存數(shù)千年的。句式分析：本句是一個部分倒裝句，nor置于句首，句子用部分倒裝，因此would提前，表示“……也不”。[例1]Shehasnoexperienceintyping,nordoestheskillinteresther.她沒有打字閱歷，那種技術(shù)也引不起她的愛好。[例2]Youcan'tcancelthecontract,norcananybodyelse.你不能撤約，任何人都不能。[造句]他沒再去過，也沒寫信致歉。Heneverwentagain,nordidhewritetoapologize.[學(xué)問拓展]so＋助動詞/連系動詞be/情態(tài)動詞＋主語：意為“……也一樣”，表示前面的狀況也適合另一個人或物，此時該句為倒裝句；so＋主語＋助動詞/連系動詞be/情態(tài)動詞：意為“……的確如此”，表示詞意前面的說法，此時該句不是倒裝句。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theyfinishedtheirhomework，sodidI.②IlikeEnglish.Sodoes(do)Jack.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)it強(qiáng)調(diào)句(教材P50)It'satragicstorythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedontheisland.這是一個凄慘的故事，始于1810年人類來到島上。句式分析：本句是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語atragicstory。[例1]ItwasinMaythatyoucanseethiskindofflower.你在五月可以看到這種花。[例2]Itissciencefictionthattheboylovestoread.這個男孩愛看的是科幻小說。[造句]引起觀眾們愛好的是這個年輕人怎樣學(xué)會了五種外語。Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguagesthatattractedtheaudience'sinterest.[學(xué)問拓展](1)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的陳述式為“Itis(was)＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that(who)...”。該結(jié)構(gòu)可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語等，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞。該句式中用that或who的區(qū)分是：當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的指人時，用that或who均可；當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的不是指人時，則只能用that(留意不用which)。(2)一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)就是將be提到句首，即運(yùn)用“Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who...”。特別疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)句型為“疑問詞(Who/What/When/Where/Why/How)＋is/wasitthat...”這樣的形式。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①ItwasIwho/thatsawTomintheparkthismorning.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)②Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisrightthatisofimportance.教材高考1.Thecatsinconsequenceturnedtheirattention—andtheirstomachs—backtothenativebirds,killingupto60，000eachyear.(2024·江蘇卷)Thisbeliefin“post-industrialsociety”hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造業(yè)),withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.2.Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus,andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen，growingthingscanreducestress，lowerbloodpressure，andputpeopleintoabettermood(心情).3.Inthe1980s,trapsanddogswereusedtocatchthecats.(2024·天津卷)Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.4.Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreasefrom130，000toaround10，000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreasedpollutioninthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlythatIbegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.2．Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.3．Ourproblemshavemultiplied(multiply)sincelastyear.4．Globalmeaslesdeathsdecreasedby78%duringthisperiod.5．Iwastrappedintotelling(tell)thepoliceallIknew.6．Sheoweshersuccesstohardwork.7．Thisinturnattractsmoreusersandadvertisers,andsoon.8．Asaconsequence,mostChristianhousesofworshipareunofficial.9．Butheturnedouttobeimmatureandirresponsible.10．Khartoumhasexplodedwithangerataccusationsofblasphemyinthepast.Ⅱ.短語填空turnout；inconsequence；inturn；comeupwith；outofcontrol1．Nobodythoughtthathehadturnedoutagreatinventor.2．Tukcameupwiththeideaforthestudywhileattendingalonglecture.3．Duringarguments,thatfeelingcangetoutofcontrol．4．Hisdeathwastotallyunexpectedand,inconsequence,noplanshadbeenmadeforhisreplacement.5．This,inturn,putsthemathigherrisko