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第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)秘密★啟用前【考試時(shí)間:3月29日15:00—16:40】昆明市2024屆“三診一模”高三復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上,并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及科目,在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?;卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALightingisakeydesignfeatureinyourhomeanddeservesconsideration,whetherit’stobrightenupadullcorneroryou’replanningafullrenovation(翻新).Here,weputthespotlightonfourkeylightingdesignlayersandhowyoucanusethemtocaptureeveryroomofyourhomeinitsbestlight.GenerallightingThinkofgenerallightingasthebackgroundlayerthatcastsanevenillumination(照明)throughoutaroom,mostcommonlyfromyourceilinglights.Astheseareoftenthemainsourceoflightforaroom,it’swisetohaveflexibleoptionsdependingonthetimeofday,ordesiredbrightnesstosuitthemoodandtheroom’spurposeatthetime.Ambient(氛圍的)lightingAmbientlightingisthelayerthataddswarmthandsoftnesstoyourspace.Thinklampbeltunderthekitchenbench,orfloorlampsinthecorner.Useambientlightingwhereyouwanttoencouragerestandcomfort,suchaslivingspacesandbedrooms.TasklightingThenextlayertoconsideristasklightingformorepracticaluses.Thesearebrighterandaredesignedtoilluminateworkplaces,andarealsousedforstudyareas,homeoffices,bedsidetablesandreadingcorners.AccentlightingAccentlightingisplacedtocreateaspecificlighteffect,suchasdownlightsorspotlightstohighlightartwork,andwashlightsagainstwalls.Thelayeringofaccentlightingcanbeusedtohighlightarchitecturaldetailsandisanartfulwaytocreatefocusandplaywithlightinyourspace.1.Whatisthemajorfunctionofgenerallighting?A.Brighteningadarkcorner. B.Refreshingthesurroundings.CLightinguptheentireroom. D.Addingwarmthandsoftness.2.Whereistasklightingusuallyplaced?A.Besidethestudytable. B.Underthekitchenbench.C.Inthemiddleoftheceiling. D.Onthewallofthehallway.3.Whichlightingcanhighlightafocusartfully?A.Generallighting B.Ambientlighting.C.Tasklighting D.Accentlighting.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了家居照明的四個(gè)關(guān)鍵設(shè)計(jì)層次:一般照明、氛圍照明、任務(wù)照明和強(qiáng)調(diào)照明。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Generallighting部分中“Thinkofgenerallightingasthebackgroundlayerthatcastsanevenillumination(照明)throughoutaroom,mostcommonlyfromyourceilinglights.(把普通照明想象成背景層,在整個(gè)房間里投射均勻的照明,最常見(jiàn)的是你的天花板燈)”可知,一般照明的主要作用是照亮了整個(gè)房間。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tasklighting部分中“Thenextlayertoconsideristasklightingformorepracticaluses.Thesearebrighterandaredesignedtoilluminateworkplaces,andarealsousedforstudyareas,homeoffices,bedsidetablesandreadingcorners.(下一層要考慮的是用于更實(shí)際用途的任務(wù)照明。這些燈更亮,設(shè)計(jì)用于照亮工作場(chǎng)所,也用于學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)、家庭辦公室、床頭柜和閱讀角)”可知,任務(wù)照明用于照亮工作場(chǎng)所,也用于學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)、家庭辦公室、床頭柜和閱讀角,所以通常會(huì)放在書桌旁。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Accentlighting部分中“Accentlightingisplacedtocreateaspecificlighteffect,suchasdownlightsorspotlightstohighlightartwork,andwashlightsagainstwalls.Thelayeringofaccentlightingcanbeusedtohighlightarchitecturaldetailsandisanartfulwaytocreatefocusandplaywithlightinyourspace.(重點(diǎn)照明的放置是為了創(chuàng)造特定的光效果,比如筒燈或射燈來(lái)突出藝術(shù)品,以及墻壁上的洗燈。強(qiáng)調(diào)照明的分層可以用來(lái)突出建筑細(xì)節(jié),是一種巧妙的方式來(lái)創(chuàng)造焦點(diǎn),并在你的空間里玩光)”可知,強(qiáng)調(diào)照明可以巧妙地突出焦點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。BInTakomaPark,Maryland,insuburbanWashington,people,adultsorstudents,linedupatapayphoneoutsidearestaurantseveraltimesaweek.“OnceIputthephoneoutthere,itjusttookoff,”saidDavidSchulman,aTakomaParkviolinistwhocreatedtheBirdCallsPhone.Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron(夜鷺),7tohearapileated(紅冠)woodpecker’scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.Instructionsabouthowtousethephoneareinthreelanguages:English,SpanishandAmharic—areflectionofTakomaPark’sEthiopiancommunity.Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.Inadditiontobeingfun,listeningtoBirdsongscanreducestressandanxiety,studiesshow.Evenhearingrecordingsofbirdscanrelievenegativeemotions.Afternoticinganabandonednonworkingpayphoneintown,Schulmanwonderedifhecouldturnitintosomethingappealing.Hesaid,“Ireallyliketheoldtechnologyofjustpickingupareceiver,pressingonebuttonandhavingsomethinghappen.”Schulmanthoughtbringingbirdssoundstotheabandonedphonewasawaytoaddabitofnaturetotheneighborhood.TakomaParkcityofficialsagreed,andtheybudgeted$5,000tocompletetheproject.SchulmanreachedouttoTheMcCaulayLibraryinIthaca,NewYork,whichagreedtosendhimafewdozenrecordingsofnativebirds.HethenmanagedtogainthehelpofsoftwareengineerandartistBrandenHalltorewirethephonetoplaydifferentbirdcalls.Schulmansaidhepersuadedseveralofhisfriendstorecordshortdescriptionsofeachbirdtogowiththecalls.“OnethingIlikeabouttheBirdCallsPhoneisthatit’stheoppositeofaloudbroadcast,”Schulmansaid.“Onlyonepersoncanlistenatatime,andeachpersonwilltakeawaytheirownuniqueexperience.”4.Whatwilllistenersheariftheypressbuttonsonthepayphone?A.Thecallsofnativebirds. B.Songsindifferentlanguages.C.Descriptionsoflocalcreatures. D.Instructionsonreducingstress.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDavidSchulman?A.Observantandnature-loving. B.Diligentandeasy-going.C.Seriousandpublic-spirited. D.Ambitiousandkind-hearted.6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheproject?A.Itencouragesartappreciation. B.Itpresentstheharmonyamongbirds.C.Itturnsloudbroadcastsintoprivatephones. D.Itreceivesbroadsupportfromthecommunity.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AViolinistSpecializesinEcology B.PickupthePhone,HearBirdsongsC.ClosetoNature,FarFromDepression D.TurnTrashintoTreasureinWashington【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。在馬里蘭州的塔科馬帕克市,人們每周幾次會(huì)在一家餐廳外的付費(fèi)電話前排隊(duì)。音樂(lè)家DavidSchulman創(chuàng)作了“鳥鳴電話”,讓人們可以通過(guò)電話聽(tīng)到夜鷺、紅冠啄木鳥和紅尾鷹等10種當(dāng)?shù)伉B類的叫聲?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron(夜鷺),7tohearapileated(紅冠)woodpecker’scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.(聽(tīng)眾按1鍵聽(tīng)黃冠夜鷺的叫聲,按7鍵聽(tīng)紅冠啄木鳥的叫聲,按9鍵聽(tīng)紅尾鷹的獨(dú)特叫聲)”和“Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.(總共有10種生活在塔科馬帕克地區(qū)的鳥類)”可知,如果聽(tīng)眾按下公用電話的按鈕,他們會(huì)聽(tīng)到本地鳥類的叫聲。故選A項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Afternoticinganabandoned,nonworkingpayphoneintown,Schulmanwonderedifhecouldturnitintosomethingappealing.(在注意到鎮(zhèn)上一個(gè)廢棄的、不能使用的付費(fèi)電話后,舒爾曼想知道他是否可以把它變成一個(gè)吸引人的東西)”和“Schulmanthoughtbringingbirdssoundstotheabandonedphonewasawaytoaddabitofnaturetotheneighborhood.(舒爾曼認(rèn)為,把鳥的聲音帶到廢棄的電話里是一種為社區(qū)增添自然氣息的方式)”可知,DavidSchulman注意到廢棄的公用電話,并把它變成“鳥鳴電話”,讓人們可以聽(tīng)到當(dāng)?shù)伉B類的叫聲,為社區(qū)增添了自然氣息。這表明他是一個(gè)善于觀察,關(guān)心自然的人。故選A項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“TakomaParkcityofficialsagreed,andtheybudgeted$5,000tocompletetheproject.SchulmanreachedouttoTheMcCaulayLibraryinIthaca,NewYork,whichagreedtosendhimafewdozenrecordingsofnativebirds.HethenmanagedtogainthehelpofsoftwareengineerandartistBrandenHalltorewirethephonetoplaydifferentbirdcalls.Schulmansaidhepersuadedseveralofhisfriendstorecordshortdescriptionsofeachbirdtogowiththecalls.(塔科馬帕克的官員同意了,他們預(yù)算了5000美元來(lái)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。舒爾曼聯(lián)系了紐約伊薩卡的麥考利圖書館,后者同意給他寄來(lái)幾十份本地鳥類的錄音。然后,他設(shè)法獲得了軟件工程師兼藝術(shù)家布蘭登·霍爾的幫助,重新連接了電話,以播放不同的鳥叫聲。舒爾曼說(shuō),他說(shuō)服他的幾個(gè)朋友記錄下每只鳥的簡(jiǎn)短描述,以配合叫聲)”可知,DavidSchulman的項(xiàng)目得到當(dāng)?shù)卣?、紐約圖書館和朋友的支持,說(shuō)明該項(xiàng)目得到社會(huì)各界的廣泛支持。故選D項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文,結(jié)合第二段中“Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron(夜鷺),7tohearapileated(紅冠)woodpecker’scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.Instructionsabouthowtousethephoneareinthreelanguages:English,SpanishandAmharic—areflectionofTakomaPark’sEthiopiancommunity.Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.(聽(tīng)眾按1來(lái)聽(tīng)黃冠夜鷺,按7來(lái)聽(tīng)紅冠啄木鳥的叫聲,按9來(lái)聽(tīng)紅尾鷹的獨(dú)特叫聲。手機(jī)的使用說(shuō)明有三種語(yǔ)言:英語(yǔ)、西班牙語(yǔ)和阿姆哈拉語(yǔ)——反映了塔科馬帕克的埃塞俄比亞社區(qū)。總共有10種生活在塔科馬帕克地區(qū)的鳥類)”可知,文章報(bào)道了音樂(lè)家DavidSchulman創(chuàng)作了“鳥鳴電話”,讓人們可以通過(guò)電話聽(tīng)到夜鷺、紅冠啄木鳥和紅尾鷹等10種當(dāng)?shù)伉B類的叫聲,,為社區(qū)增添了自然氣息。由此推知,“PickupthePhone,HearBirdsongs(拿起電話,聽(tīng)鳥兒的歌聲)”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。CRushingdownthepath,thetraceur(跑酷者)isonthelookoutforhisnextobstaclessuchasfireescapes,walls,orfences.Assoonasherealizesamassivebrickwallstandsbetweenhimandwherehewantstobe,heunintentionallygrabsonthewallwithhishandsandliftshimselftostandontopofit.Hisnextmoveisajumpthatlandshimbackonsolidground;however,noticingthatheisunstable,herollstoavoidinjury.Traceursareathleteswhoperformremarkablegymnasticsactionsinurbanenvironments.SerioustraceursarefascinatednotjustbythephysicalchallengesofParkour,butbyitsphilosophy.ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.Becauseofthesephilosophicalfoundations,Parkourisoftendescribedbytraceursasmoreofalifestyleoranartformthanasport.PassionatetraceursaredeterminedtokeepParkourfrombecomingacompetitiveattempt.Competition,theyargue,devaluesthephilosophicaltheorybehindParkour.PeoplewhopracticeParkourshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeirrelationshiptotheenvironmentthanwithatickingclock,ascore,oracheeringcrowd.Furthermore,traceursshouldworkwitheachothertoimproveconfidence,awareness,andunity.Competition,theyargue,onlybringsaboutfeelingsofconflictanddisharmony.WhileParkourpuristssuggestthatthephilosophybehindParkourhelpstolimitinjuries,theymustrememberthatnoteveryonewhotriestoleapoveramailboxisanexperiencedtraceurtryingtogetintouchwithhisorherenvironment.Adolescentsattemptingtocarryouttheseacrobatic(雜技的)skillscouldseverelyinjurethemselves.SowhilenewcomerstoParkourmightbeeagertoinvestigatethisartofmovement,itwouldbewiseforthemtorememberthephysicalitybehindthephilosophy.Afterall,philosophyisnotmuchgoodtoabrokenleg.8.Whydoestheauthordescribeatraceuratthebeginning?A.ToillustratewhatParkourislike. B.Toteachwaysofavoidinginjuries.C.ToexplaindifferentParkourmoves. D.Tohighlightthepopularityofsports.9.HowcanParkourenhanceatraceur’sself-confidence?A.Bystrengtheningphysicalfitness. B.BywinningParkourcompetitions.C.Bybuildingfaithinconqueringbarriers. D.Bygraspingsomephilosophicaltheories.10.Whatdoweknowaboutseriousandpuretraceurs?A.Theyareawareofhowtotreatinjuries.B.Theysuggestindividualeffortsinthesport.C.Theystresstherelationshiptotheenvironment.D.Theyaremoreconcernedwithremarkableactions.11.Whatdoestheauthoradvisenewcomerstodo?A.Facephysicalchallengesboldly. B.Learnfromexperiencedtraceurs.C.Startfromleapingoveramailbox. D.Considertheriskofsevereharm.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹跑酷不僅鍛煉身體,還培養(yǎng)自信和批判性思維。文章強(qiáng)調(diào),跑酷是一種生活方式和藝術(shù)形式,而非競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)。跑酷者主張,關(guān)注環(huán)境關(guān)系勝過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。然而,新手在嘗試跑酷時(shí)應(yīng)注意鍛煉身體,避免受傷。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。在第一段“Rushingdownthepath,thetraceur(跑酷者)isonthelookoutforhisnextobstaclessuchasfireescapes,walls,orfences.Assoonasherealizesamassivebrickwallstandsbetweenhimandwherehewantstobe,heunintentionallygrabsonthewallwithhishandsandliftshimselftostandontopofit.Hisnextmoveisajumpthatlandshimbackonsolidground;however,noticingthatheisunstable,herollstoavoidinjury.(跑在小路上時(shí),跑酷者要注意下一個(gè)障礙物,如防火梯、墻壁或柵欄。當(dāng)他意識(shí)到一堵巨大的磚墻擋在他和他想去的地方之間時(shí),他無(wú)意中用手抓住墻,把自己抬起來(lái)站在上面。他的下一個(gè)動(dòng)作是跳躍,使他回到堅(jiān)實(shí)的地面上;然而,他注意到自己身體不穩(wěn)定,為了避免受傷,他打了個(gè)滾)”中,作者詳細(xì)描述了一個(gè)跑酷者的跑酷過(guò)程,是為了說(shuō)明了跑酷是什么樣子的。故選A項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.(那些學(xué)習(xí)跑酷的人聲稱,他們不僅鍛煉了身體健康,還增強(qiáng)了自信和批判性思維能力,因?yàn)樗麄冇?xùn)練自己找到克服道路上每一個(gè)障礙的方法)”可知,在跑酷過(guò)程中不斷克服障礙幫助跑酷者建立了自信。故選C項(xiàng)?!?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SerioustraceursarefascinatednotjustbythephysicalchallengesofParkour,butbyitsphilosophy.ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.(嚴(yán)肅的跑酷愛(ài)好者不僅對(duì)跑酷的體能挑戰(zhàn)著迷,而且對(duì)其理念著迷。那些學(xué)習(xí)跑酷的人聲稱,他們不僅鍛煉了身體健康,還增強(qiáng)了自信和批判性思維能力,因?yàn)樗麄冇?xùn)練自己找到克服道路上每一個(gè)障礙的方法)”和第三段中“Becauseofthesephilosophicalfoundations,Parkourisoftendescribedbytraceursasmoreofalifestyleoranartformthanasport.PassionatetraceursaredeterminedtokeepParkourfrombecomingacompetitiveattempt.Competition,theyargue,devaluesthephilosophicaltheorybehindParkour.PeoplewhopracticeParkourshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeirrelationshiptotheenvironmentthanwithatickingclock,ascore,oracheeringcrowd.(由于這些哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ),跑酷經(jīng)常被跑酷者描述為一種生活方式或一種藝術(shù)形式,而不是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。充滿激情的跑酷愛(ài)好者決心不讓跑酷成為一種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的嘗試。他們認(rèn)為,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)貶低了跑酷背后的哲學(xué)理論。練習(xí)跑酷的人應(yīng)該更關(guān)注他們與環(huán)境的關(guān)系,而不是滴答作響的時(shí)鐘、分?jǐn)?shù)或歡呼的人群)”可知,嚴(yán)肅的跑酷愛(ài)好者和純粹的跑酷愛(ài)好者認(rèn)為跑酷是一種生活方式或一種藝術(shù)形式,而不是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。他們更關(guān)注自己與環(huán)境的關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)?!?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Adolescentsattemptingtocarryouttheseacrobatic(雜技的)skillscouldseverelyinjurethemselves.SowhilenewcomerstoParkourmightbeeagertoinvestigatethisartofmovement,itwouldbewiseforthemtorememberthephysicalitybehindthephilosophy.Afterall,philosophyisnotmuchgoodtoabrokenleg.(青少年在練習(xí)這些雜技技巧時(shí)可能會(huì)嚴(yán)重傷害自己。因此,雖然跑酷新手可能渴望研究這種運(yùn)動(dòng)藝術(shù),但他們最好記住這種哲學(xué)背后的物理原理。畢竟,哲學(xué)對(duì)斷了腿的人沒(méi)什么好處)”可知,作者建議跑酷新手要考慮嚴(yán)重傷害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhydoweuniversallyappreciatecartoons?Becausetheyarevisual—thehumorunfoldsrightbeforeoureyes.Aswriters,wehaveauniquechallengetocraftworlds,includinghumorousones,usingonlywords.Atfirstglance,writersandcartoonistshavevastlydifferenttoolboxesandskillsets.Butifyoulookclosely,youwillnoticesimilardevices,suchassimplification,exaggeration(夸張),andcontrast.Inmanyliteraryforms,decorationenrichesapiece.That’snottrueforhumorwriting—humorcangetlostwithtoomanydetails.Addingabitofshadingwillgivedepthtoanillustration,yetthere’susuallynoneedtodetaileveryfeature.There’sathinlinebetweenplainandfunny,andthedifferenceoftenliesinwhetherawriteradherestotheuniversalcomedicprinciple,“l(fā)essisfunnier.”Bysimplifyingcomplexsituations,characters,plots,andreactions,yourworkbecomesmoredigestibleandhumorous.Exaggerationisoneofthemoststraightforwardandeffectivecomedictools.Asahumorwriter,don’tshyawayfromeverychancetostretchthetruth,whetherbyunderstatementoroverstatement.However,effectivehumoristruthbased.Therelationshipbetweenexaggerationandrealisminhumorislikestretchingarubberband(橡皮筋).Alittlestretching,evenrepeatedstretching,isnoproblem.However,overstretchingthebandwillcauseittobreak,aswellasthehumorandthereader’strust.Contrastingisthejuxtaposition(并列)ofelementsnotusuallycoupled,atechniquethatcartoonistsusetocreatehumorousmismatchesbyplacingsignificantlydifferentelementssidebyside.Aswriters,wecanusejuxtapositiontobrainstormnewhumoranglesandcreatefunnymismatches.Humorisatitsfunniestwhenit’svisual,andwriterscancraftmorehumorousmaterialbyemployingthesametechniquesusedbycartoonists.Bythinkingandwritingvisually,youcanshowthefunnytoreaders.12.Whatdowritersandcartoonistshaveincommoninexpressinghumor?A.Theycraftworldsliterally. B.Theyfocuscloselyondetails.C.Theyemploytechniquesalike. D.Theygetthroughtoreaderseasily.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“adheresto”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Break. B.Follow C.Revise. D.Challenge.14.Whatisawaytoachievehumouraccordingtotheauthor?A.Overstatingsimplesituations. B.Shyingawayfromthetruth.C.Reducingthenumberofcharacters. D.Combininguncoupledelements.15.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Areviewofmoderncartoons. B.Anessayontheartofwriting.C.Anintroductiontopaintingskills. D.Aguidebookforpassionatereaders.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了寫作中運(yùn)用卡通創(chuàng)作相似技巧制造幽默的效果。指出簡(jiǎn)化、夸張和對(duì)比是關(guān)鍵。通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜情節(jié),以少許細(xì)節(jié)展現(xiàn)幽默;適度夸張,但要基于真實(shí);利用對(duì)比創(chuàng)造滑稽錯(cuò)位。寫作時(shí)需運(yùn)用視覺(jué)思維,展現(xiàn)幽默特質(zhì)?!?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Atfirstglance,writersandcartoonistshavevastlydifferenttoolboxesandskillsets.Butifyoulookclosely,youwillnoticesimilardevices,suchassimplification,exaggeration(夸張),andcontrast.(乍一看,作家和漫畫家擁有截然不同的工具箱和技能。但如果你仔細(xì)觀察,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)類似的手法,比如簡(jiǎn)化、夸張和對(duì)比)”可知,作家和漫畫家在表達(dá)幽默方面的共同之處在于他們使用簡(jiǎn)化、夸張和對(duì)比等相似的技巧。故選C項(xiàng)?!?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“Bysimplifyingcomplexsituations,characters,plots,andreactions,yourworkbecomesmoredigestibleandhumorous.(通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的情況、人物、情節(jié)和反應(yīng),你的作品變得更容易理解和幽默)”可知,簡(jiǎn)化可以創(chuàng)造幽默。所以“There’sathinlinebetweenplainandfunny,andthedifferenceoftenliesinwhetherawriter
adheresto
theuniversalcomedicprinciple,“l(fā)essisfunnier.”(平淡和有趣之間只有一線之隔,而區(qū)別往往在于作家是否adheresto喜劇的普遍原則:“越少越有趣”)”中講的是,作家要讓作品有趣,就需要遵循“越少越有趣”的普遍原則,劃線短語(yǔ)adheresto與follow同義,意為“遵守;按照”。故選B項(xiàng)?!?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Contrastingisthejuxtaposition(并列)ofelementsnotusuallycoupled,atechniquethatcartoonistsusetocreatehumorousmismatchesbyplacingsignificantlydifferentelementssidebyside.(對(duì)比是將通常不相結(jié)合的元素并置,漫畫家通過(guò)將顯著不同的元素并排放置來(lái)創(chuàng)造幽默的不匹配)”可知,組合不相結(jié)合的元素可以創(chuàng)造出幽默。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Aswriters,wehaveauniquechallengetocraftworlds,includinghumorousones,usingonlywords.(作為作家,我們有一個(gè)獨(dú)特的挑戰(zhàn)來(lái)創(chuàng)造世界,包括幽默的世界,只用文字)”、最后一段“Humorisatitsfunniestwhenit’svisual,andwriterscancraftmorehumorousmaterialbyemployingthesametechniquesusedbycartoonists.Bythinkingandwritingvisually,youcanshowthefunnytoreaders.(幽默在視覺(jué)上是最有趣的,作家可以通過(guò)使用漫畫家使用的相同技巧來(lái)創(chuàng)作更幽默的材料。通過(guò)視覺(jué)化的思考和寫作,你可以向讀者展示有趣的東西)”和文中對(duì)三種幽默創(chuàng)作方法的介紹可知,文章探討了寫作中運(yùn)用卡通創(chuàng)作相似技巧制造幽默的效果。由此推知,本文很可能出自關(guān)于寫作藝術(shù)的文章。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It'scommontocommunicatebywayoftext,andthatworkswellforeverythingfromsettingplanswithafriendtoaskingyoutopickupagroceryitem.___16___.Fightingovertext,cancauseproblemsandcanevenbreakupfriendshipsorpartnerships.Ahead,we'llexaminewhy.●There'snovocaltoneinvolvedWhenwespeak,thepersonwe'retalkingtocantellhowseriousorlightwearebyourtone.___17___.Everythingisflatinwriting,sowithoutvocaltonetoclarify,it'seasytoassumetheworstinsomeoneandtheirintentions.●___18___Wealsocommunicateinpersonthroughnonverbalways.Howweactphysicallyletsothersknowhowwefeel.Andwithoutthatintext,anargumentcanbeworsenedtoaterriblepointwithoutonepersonevenbecomingawareofhowupsettheotheris.●Differentcommunicationpacesaffectalot___19___.Andwhenarguing,itcangetevenfaster.Ithappensnottoreadallofaperson'sreplybeforeyourespondagain,andthemoreupsetyouget,theharderitmaybetoexpressyourselfclearlyortounderstandthepersonyou'refightingwith.●EmojisandgifscanbehurtfulInthesamewaythatvisualcommunicationtoolslikeemojisandgifscanaddfuntoconversations,theycanalsomakethingsmuchworseinatextdisagreement.Itcanbechallengingtoknowwhenyou'vetakenemojisorgifstoahurtfulplace,especiallyiftheotherpersonholdsinthatinformationanddoesn'ttellyouatthemoment.___20___.A.BodylanguageisabsentB.Text,ontheotherhand,hasnotoneC.Long-termhealthyrelationshipscollapseD.Textingisgenerallyaquickback-and-forthexchangeE.ThishappensifheisfeelingunsafeinthediscussionF.However,wemayhavetakencommunicationbytexttoofarG.Ourtonetellsusaconversationisheadinginthewrongdirection【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。人們使用文本信息作為交流方式,可能會(huì)引發(fā)問(wèn)題,甚至?xí)茐挠颜x或伙伴關(guān)系。短文分析了其中的原因?!?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It'scommontocommunicatebywayoftext,andthatworkswellforeverythingfromsettingplanswithafriendtoaskingyoutopickupagroceryitem.”(通過(guò)短信交流是很常見(jiàn)的,這對(duì)任何事情都很有效,從和朋友制定計(jì)劃到讓你去買東西)根據(jù)下文“Fightingovertext,cancauseproblemsandcanevenbreakupfriendshipsorpartnerships.”(因短信內(nèi)容而爭(zhēng)吵,可能會(huì)造成問(wèn)題,甚至可能破壞友誼或伙伴關(guān)系)可知,選項(xiàng)與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,且引起下文,說(shuō)明人們過(guò)于注重短信交流。故F選項(xiàng)“然而,我們可能過(guò)于重視通過(guò)短信進(jìn)行溝通”切題。故選F項(xiàng)?!?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Everythingisflatinwriting,sowithoutvocaltonetoclarify,it'seasytoassumetheworstinsomeoneandtheirintentions.”(所有文字都是平淡無(wú)奇的,所以如果沒(méi)有明確的語(yǔ)氣,很容易就會(huì)把別人和他們的意圖往最壞的方面想)可知,短信表達(dá)不出語(yǔ)氣。故B選項(xiàng)“另一方面,文本信息表達(dá)不出語(yǔ)氣”切題。故選B項(xiàng)?!?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Wealsocommunicateinpersonthroughnonverbalways.Howweactphysicallyletsothersknowhowwefeel.Andwithoutthatintext,anargumentcanbeworsenedtoaterriblepointwithoutonepersonevenbecomingawareofhowupsettheotheris.”(我們也通過(guò)非語(yǔ)言的方式進(jìn)行面對(duì)面的交流。我們的身體行為讓別人知道我們的感受。如果文本交流里沒(méi)有肢體語(yǔ)言,一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)吵可能會(huì)惡化到一個(gè)可怕的地步,而一方甚至都沒(méi)有意識(shí)到另一方有多生氣)可知,本段咋說(shuō)文本交流缺乏肢體語(yǔ)言。故A選項(xiàng)“文本交流缺乏肢體語(yǔ)言”切題,為本段的小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Andwhenarguing,itcangetevenfaster.”(爭(zhēng)吵的時(shí)候,甚至?xí)兊酶欤┛芍?,文本交流時(shí)一種快速的互動(dòng)交流。故D選項(xiàng)“文本交流時(shí)一種快速的互動(dòng)交流”切題。Quick呼應(yīng)faster故選D項(xiàng)?!?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itcanbechallengingtoknowwhenyou'vetakenemojisorgifstoahurtfulplace,especiallyiftheotherpersonholdsinthatinformationanddoesn'ttellyouatthemoment.”(知道你什么時(shí)候因?yàn)閑mojisorgifs而傷人可能很有挑戰(zhàn)性,尤其是如果對(duì)方掌握了這些信息,而現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有告訴你。)可知,選項(xiàng)承接上文說(shuō)明這種情況發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。故E選項(xiàng)“如果他在討論中感到不安全,就會(huì)發(fā)生這種情況”切題。故選E項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。“Who'sthat,Grandma?”Four-year-oldTaylorpointedtoadelicategoldphotoframeIhadplacedonmydesk.“That'sgreat-grandmaGladys,”Ireplied.I____21____thepicture,myfingerscarefullytracingtheoutlineofthefamiliarfacereturningmygaze(凝視):herclearblueeyes,thewrinklelinesthat____22____herforeheadandthetendersmilethatalwayscomfortedme.Mymindwasfilledwithremembrancesofmymother.Alwaysthe____23____,itseemedshenevermadeanyoneangry.Eventhoughshewas____24____ablephysically,shebaby-satmyyoungdaughtersoIcouldwork.Shealwaysmade____25____forhergrandchildren.Evenwhenshewasn'twiththem,shewasmakingsomethingforthemwithherhands.Thenherillness____26____.Thedoctorwantedtoexperimentwitha(an)____27____thatmightgiveheranotheryearoflife.Sheagreedsoshecouldbearoundto____28____herlong-awaitedfirstgreat-grandchild.Thesurgery____29____.Severalweekslater,Mompassedaway,exactlyamonthbeforeTaylor'sbirth.Stillingreat____30____,Itraveledfivehundredmilestobewithmyfamilyandwelcomemynewgrandson.Afewdayslater,asI____31____Taylorgentlytohelphimsleep,suddenlyIunderstoodwhyshewasso____32____takingcareofforourfamily.Herloveforuswassodeepandso____33____—aloveIwasonlybeginningtolearntogive.“Shelookslikeyou,Grandma!”Taylor'svoicebroughtmebacktothe____34____.Hetouchedthegold-framedphototenderly.Myeyesturnedtohis,anda____35____smilecametomylipsandheart,forthenIknewmymother'sloveandpeace.It'salegacy(遺產(chǎn))oflove.21.A.reachedfor B.askedfor C.threwaway D.putaway22.A.toughened B.smoothed C.crossed D.shaded23.A.peacemaker B.daydreamer C.fortuneteller D.goalkeeper24.A.slightly B.merely C.thoroughly D.barely25.A.money B.time C.trouble D.room26.A.remained B.disappeared C.relieved D.worsened27.A.examination B.regulation C.operation D.reflection28.A.investigate B.greet C.search D.recognize29.A.paused B.continued C.failed D.worked30.A.sorrow B.danger C.thrill D.debt31.A.grabbed B.rocked C.fixed D.teased32.A.astonishedat B.worriedabout C.impressedwith D.committedto33.A.unreal B.unbearable C.unreasonable D.unconditional34.A.story B.present C.memory D.destination35.A.soft B.proud C.bitter D.tight【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.B26.D27.C28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。短文中作者回憶了母親的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴,她對(duì)子女以及孫輩的愛(ài)是偉大,這種偉大的愛(ài)將在作者身上得到延續(xù)。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我伸手去拿那張照片,我的手指小心地勾勒出那張熟悉的臉的輪廓,她清澈的藍(lán)眼睛,她額頭上的皺紋,還有那總是讓我感到安慰的溫柔微笑。A.reachedfor夠向;B.askedfor請(qǐng)求,要求;C.threwaway扔掉;D.putaway收起。根據(jù)下文“myfingerscarefullytracingtheoutlineofthefamiliarface”可知,作者伸手去夠照片。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我伸手去拿那張照片,我的手指小心地勾勒出那張熟悉的臉的輪廓,她清澈的藍(lán)眼睛,穿過(guò)她額頭上的皺紋,還有那總是讓我感到安慰的溫柔微笑。A.toughened使……堅(jiān)韌;使……頑固;B.smoothed撫平,弄平滑;C.crossed穿過(guò);D.shaded為……遮陽(yáng)(擋光)。根據(jù)上文“thewrinklelines”以及“herforehead”可知,皺紋穿過(guò)額頭。故選C項(xiàng)?!?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她總是和事佬,似乎從不惹任何人生氣。A.peacemaker和事佬;B.daydreamer空想家;C.fortuneteller占卜者;D.goalkeeper守門員。根據(jù)下文“shenevermadeanyoneangry”可知,她總是扮演和事佬。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管她的身體幾乎不能自理,但她照顧我年幼的女兒,好讓我去工作。A.slightly輕微地;B.merely僅僅;C.thoroughly全面地;D.barely勉強(qiáng)才能。根據(jù)“Eventhoughshewas___4___ablephysically”以及“shewasmakingsomethingforthemwithherhands”可知,她的身體勉強(qiáng)能自理。故選D項(xiàng)?!?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她總是抽出時(shí)間陪伴她的孫子孫女。A.money錢;B.time時(shí)間;C.trouble麻煩;D.room房間。根據(jù)上文“shebaby-satmyyoungdaughter”可知,她總是抽出時(shí)間陪伴她的孫子孫女。故選B項(xiàng)?!?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:后來(lái)她的病情惡化了。A.remained仍然;B.disappeared消失;C.relieved緩解;D.worsened惡化。根據(jù)下文“Thedoctorwantedtoexperimentwitha(an)___7___thatmightgiveheranotheryearoflife.”可知,她的病情惡化了。故選D項(xiàng)?!?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:醫(yī)生想試驗(yàn)一種可能使她多活一年的手術(shù)。A.examination考試;B.regulation規(guī)則;C.operation手術(shù);D.reflection反思。根據(jù)下文“ Thesurgery”可知,醫(yī)生想試驗(yàn)一種可能使她多活一年的手術(shù)。故選C項(xiàng)?!?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:她同意了,這樣她就可以在身邊迎接她期待已久的第一個(gè)曾孫。A.investigate調(diào)查;B.greet問(wèn)候;C.search搜查;D.recognize認(rèn)出。根據(jù)下文“herlong-awaitedfirstgreat-grandchild”可知,她同意手術(shù)是為了迎接她期待已久的第一個(gè)曾孫。故選B項(xiàng)?!?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:手術(shù)失敗了。A.paused暫停;B.continued繼續(xù);C.failed失?。籇.worked起效果。根據(jù)下文“Mompassedaway”可知,手術(shù)失敗了。故選C項(xiàng)?!?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:懷著極大的悲痛,我千里迢迢來(lái)到這里,與家人團(tuán)聚,歡迎我的新孫子。A.sorrow悲傷,悲痛;B.danger危險(xiǎn);C.thrill興奮;D.debt債務(wù)。母親去世了,作者自然是悲痛的。故選A項(xiàng)?!?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:幾天后,當(dāng)我輕輕地?fù)u著泰勒讓他入睡時(shí),我突然明白了為什么她如此致力于照顧我們的家庭。A.grabbed抓住;B.rocked輕輕搖晃;C.fixed修理,維修;D.teased取笑,嘲笑。根據(jù)下文“Taylorgentlytohelphimsleep”可知,輕輕地?fù)u著泰勒讓他入睡時(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)?!?2題詳解】考查形容詞介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:幾天后,當(dāng)我輕輕地?fù)u著泰勒讓他入睡時(shí),我突然明白了為什么她如此投入照顧我們的家庭。A.astonishedat對(duì)……驚訝;B.worriedabout擔(dān)憂;C.impressedwith對(duì)……印象深刻;D.committedto致力于,投入。根據(jù)上文“shebaby-satmyyoungdaughtersoIcouldwork”可知,作者突然明白了為什么她如此投入照顧她們的家庭。故選D項(xiàng)?!?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:她對(duì)我們的愛(ài)是那么深,那么無(wú)條件——而我才剛剛開始學(xué)會(huì)給予這種愛(ài)。A.unreal不真實(shí)的;B.unbearable不可忍受的;C.unreasonable不合理的;D.unconditional無(wú)條件的。根據(jù)上文“Herloveforuswassodeep”可知,母親的愛(ài)是無(wú)條件的。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:“她長(zhǎng)得像你,奶奶!”泰勒聲音把我?guī)Щ亓爽F(xiàn)實(shí)。A.story故事;B.present現(xiàn)在,目前;C.memory記憶;D.destination目的地。根據(jù)上文可知,作者在回憶過(guò)去,所以泰勒的聲音把作者帶回了現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)?!?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我的目光轉(zhuǎn)向他,一絲溫柔的微笑涌上我的嘴唇和心頭,因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)我明白了母親的愛(ài)與安寧。A.soft柔軟的;B.proud自豪的;C.bitter苦的;怨恨的;D.tight緊的。作者對(duì)于孫輩是愛(ài)的,所以一絲溫柔的微笑涌上作者的嘴唇和心頭。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Astuffedtoynamed“HappyLoong”fromGansuProvinci
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