2025屆高考英語推斷題破題三步法 （講義）

一，高考英語推斷題破題三步法第一步:結合題干定位原文關鍵句、關鍵詞（尤其關注實詞、數(shù)字、年份、人名等重要信息詞），圈劃留下做題痕跡注意同義替換，進行信息融合概括提煉（比如說：IMF國際金融機構這一類的詞）（或者注意題干關鍵細節(jié)替換—aboy替換成ahandsomeboy）第二步:仔細梳理信息，關鍵點進行合理推斷（尤其關注序數(shù)詞分條列點表達觀點結構或者總分結構）第三步:利用“題干+原文+選項”三對照，核實后確認最佳答案高考英語推斷題正確選項特征1.同義替換（對原文句子的關鍵詞進行替換，成為正確選項；比如說handsome-beautiful）2.正話反說（把原文中的意思反過來表達成為正確選項;比如說agoodgirlwillbenotwelcome;insteadabadgirlwillbeawelcomeone替換為好心沒好報）3.語言簡化（把原文中復雜的語言現(xiàn)象簡化，設置為答案比如說agood-tastefood=adeliciousandyummycake）4.語態(tài)變化（改變原文重點詞性或語態(tài)，給考生制造某些障礙;比如說主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)）三、模擬演練Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelsoverunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair,thecleanlinessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekendsSecond,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis-politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg-thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority-someonewhoactuallyknowssomething-andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they'llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.1.Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparent-teenwartoaborderconflict?A.Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.B.Bothcancontinueforgenerations.C.Neitherhasanyclearwinner.D.Neithercanbeputtoanend2.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?A,Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.B.Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.C.Theteenscausetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.D.Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.3.ParentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywanttoA.giveorderstotheotherB.knowmorethantheotherC.gainrespectfromtheotherD.gettheothertobehaveproperly4.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Solutionsfortheparent-teenproblems.B.Examplesoftheparent-teenwar.C.Causesfortheparent-teenconflicts.D.Futureoftheparent-teenrelationship.【文章解析】Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.對許多父母來說，撫養(yǎng)一個十幾歲的孩子就像打一場持久戰(zhàn)，但年復一年沒有明顯的贏家。Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?就像鄰國之間的邊界沖突一樣，親子之戰(zhàn)也是關于邊界的：我的控制和你的行為之間的界限在哪里？Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.雙方都希望和平，但都覺得自己無力阻止沖突。Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.在某種程度上，這是因為雙方都不愿意承認對啟動危機負有任何責任。Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.從父母的角度來看，他們吵架的唯一原因是他們的孩子完全不講道理。Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.當然，青少年的看法完全相同，只是相反。Bothfeeltrapped.兩人都覺得被困住了。Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.在這篇文章中，我將描述三種通常出現(xiàn)在青少年和父母之間的不贏的情況，然后提出一些擺脫陷阱的方法。Thefirst,no-winsituationisquarrelsoverunimportantthings.第一,沒有勝算的情況是為不重要的事情爭吵。Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair,thecleanlinessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.例子包括青少年頭發(fā)的顏色，臥室的清潔度，喜歡的服裝風格，孩子上學前沒有吃好早餐，或者他周末傾向于睡到中午。Second,blaming.第二,指責。Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.責備之戰(zhàn)的目的是讓對方承認，他的壞態(tài)度是導致一切問題的原因。Third,needingtoberight.第三，必須正確。Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis-politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg-thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority-someonewhoactuallyknowssomething-andthereforetocommandrespect.不管話題是什么——政治、物理定律，還是打破雞蛋的正確方法——這些爭論的重點是證明你是對的，另一個人是錯的，因為雙方都希望被認為是權威——一個真正知道一些事情的人——從而贏得尊重。Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they'llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.不幸的是，只要父母和青少年繼續(xù)認為他們知道的比對方多，他們就會永遠打這些仗，永遠不會取得任何真正的進步?！就评砼袛囝}】1.Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparent-teenwartoaborderconflict?為什么作者把父母與青少年之間的戰(zhàn)爭比作邊境沖突A.Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.兩者都是關于界限在哪里的問題。B.Bothcancontinueforgenerations.兩者都可以代代相傳C.Neitherhasanyclearwinner.兩者都沒有明確的贏家。D.Neithercanbeputtoanend兩者都不會停止Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?對許多父母來說，撫養(yǎng)一個十幾歲的孩子就像打一場持久戰(zhàn)，但年復一年沒有明顯的贏家。就像鄰國之間的邊界沖突一樣，父母與孩子之間的戰(zhàn)爭是關于邊界的：我所控制的和你所做的之間的界限在哪里？【真題還原-2023年新高考一卷】26．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?作者提到福州的目的是什么A．ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.看看約翰的研究計劃。B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.展示約翰想法的應用。C．TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.比較約翰不同的工作。D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.消除對約翰發(fā)明的懷疑。Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.這些年來，約翰承擔了許多重大工作。他開發(fā)了一個類似溫室的設施，可以處理來自南伯靈頓1600戶家庭的污水。他還設計了一種生態(tài)機器來清潔中國東南部城市福州的運河水?！揪淞x猜測題】WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?第二段劃線部分是什么意思A,Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.青少年往往對父母有充分的了解。B.Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.青少年同意父母對沖突原因的看法。C.Theteenscausetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.青少年使他們的父母誤導他們。D.Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.青少年們責怪他們的父母挑起了這場沖突。Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.雙方都希望和平，但都覺得自己無力阻止沖突。在某種程度上，這是因為雙方都不愿意承認對啟動危機負有任何責任。從父母的角度來看，他們吵架的唯一原因是他們的孩子完全不講道理。當然，青少年的看法完全相同，只是相反。兩人都覺得被困住了?！菊骖}還原-2024年天津卷】Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“squandering”inParagraph3?哪個詞的意思最接近第三段中劃線的單詞“揮霍”？Conserving.節(jié)省；保護，保藏；將……制成蜜餞B.Mixing.(使）混合；（不同物質）能相混合；C.Misusing.濫用，誤用：使用不當D.Sharing.樂于分享的；慷慨的，無私的Anotherissueisthatthehumanbrainishighlysensitivetowastedeffort.Studieshaveshownthatitcalculatestheeffortrequiredforactionsandtendstostopusfromsquanderingvitalresourcesonfruitlessefforts,likewalkingover30kmforahandfulofberries.另一個問題是，人類的大腦對浪費精力非常敏感。研究表明，它會計算出行動所需的努力，并往往會阻止我們在徒勞的努力上浪費重要資源，比如為了一把漿果走30多公里路。【細節(jié)理解題-直接信息題】3.Parentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywantto父母和青少年希望自己是對的，因為他們想這么做A.giveorderstotheother給對方下命令B.knowmorethantheother知道的比別人多C.gainrespectfromtheother獲得對方的尊重D.gettheothertobehaveproperly讓對方規(guī)矩點Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis-politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg-thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority-someonewhoactuallyknowssomething-andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they'llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.不管話題是什么——政治、物理定律，還是打破雞蛋的正確方法——這些爭論的重點是證明你是對的，另一個人是錯的，因為雙方都希望被認為是權威——一個真正知道一些事情的人——從而贏得尊重。不幸的是，只要父母和青少年繼續(xù)認為他們知道的比對方多，他們就會永遠打這些仗，永遠不會取得任何真正的進步?！菊骖}還原-2024年江蘇一?！?.Whatdidtheauthornoticewhentheschoolwasover?放學后作者注意到了什么Itwashardtofindaparkingspace.很難找到一個停車位。B.Childrenwerepickedupingroups.孩子們被分成幾組接走。C.Herdaughterwasabsentfromclass.她女兒沒來上課。D.Shearrivedmuchearlierthanothers.她比別人到得早得多。IwassurprisedtofindthecongestionoutsideLayla’sprimaryschoolwasunusuallyabsent—I’ddrivenrightintoaparkingspace,andIwasontime,foronce.Theschoolbellrang,andinamomentastreamofchildrenmadetheirwaythroughthegate.Butsomethingwasdifferent—thekidswerepilingintovehiclesinthreesandfours.我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，蕾拉小學外面的交通并不擁堵——我正好把車開進了一個停車位，這一次我準時到了。學校的鈴響了，不一會兒，一群孩子從大門進來了。但有些不同——孩子們三三兩兩地擠進了車里?！就茢囝}】4.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?在接下來的段落中，作者最有可能討論什么？A.Solutionsfortheparent-teenproblems.解決父母與青少年之間的問題。B.Examplesoftheparent-teenwar.親子戰(zhàn)爭的例子。C.Causesfortheparent-teenconflicts.父母與青少年沖突的原因。D.Futureoftheparent-teenrelationship.親子關系的未來①Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner............②Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict......第一或者第二段提出這個現(xiàn)象③Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonl