2011走向高考-賈鳳山-高中總復(fù)習(xí)-英語(yǔ)-必修3-1

必修三Ⅰ.詞匯1．________n.象征；符號(hào)________adj.象征的________v.象征2．________n.建筑師________n.建筑學(xué)________adj.建筑學(xué)的3．______n.文明________v.使文明________adj.有教養(yǎng)的4．________n.協(xié)議，契約________v.同意，一致________v.(反義詞)5．________n.代表________v.代表________n.代表6．________n.地區(qū)，區(qū)域________adj.地區(qū)的，區(qū)域的7．________n.產(chǎn)品，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品________n．(工業(yè))產(chǎn)品________n.產(chǎn)量8．________vt.面向；面對(duì)________adj.面部的9．________vt.簽署，簽名________n.簽名10．______vt.統(tǒng)治，治理________n.州長(zhǎng)，統(tǒng)治者_(dá)_______n.政府11．________adj.大陸的，大洲的________n.大陸，大洲12．________adj.坐落(某處)/位于(某處)的________v.坐落/位于________n.狀況，位置13．________adj.位于的________v.位于________n.位置14．________adj.地理的________n.地理15．________prep.在……對(duì)面________n.反對(duì)，敵對(duì)，相反答案：1.symbol,symbolic,symbolize

2.architect,architecture,architectural

3.civilisation,civilise/ze,civilised/zed

4.agreement,agreedisagree

5.representative,represent,representation

6.region,regional

7.produce,product

production

8.face,facial

9.sign,signature

10.govern,governor,government

11.continental,continent

12.situated,situate,situation

13.located,locate,location

14.geographical,geography

15.opposite,oppositionⅡ.短語(yǔ)1．look________看起來(lái)像2．work________從事，致力于，進(jìn)行3．refer________參考，查閱，指4．compare...________與……比較5．havecontrol________對(duì)……加以控制6．belong________屬于7．________thecoastof離海岸不遠(yuǎn)8．________termsof談到，從……方面9．________theotherhand另一方面10．little________little逐漸地答案：1.like

2.on

3.to

4.with

5.over

6.to

7.off

8.in

9.on

10.byⅢ.句型1．ParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,________________theRiverSeine.巴黎是法國(guó)的首都，也是法國(guó)最大的城市，坐落在塞納河畔。2．________________________sizeandpopulation,howbigistheEuropeanUnion________________China?在面積和人口上，歐盟和中國(guó)相比哪個(gè)更大？3．The______EuropeanUnion________________________________morethanhalfabillionpeople,________________________________thepopulationoftheUSA.擴(kuò)大了的歐盟人口超過(guò)5億，相當(dāng)于美國(guó)人口的兩倍。4．In2004,theEuropeanUnion________________25members.在2004年，歐盟增加到25個(gè)成員國(guó)。答案：1.situatedon

2.Intermsof;comparedwith

3.expanded;hasapopulationof;twiceasbigas

4.increasedtoⅠ.重點(diǎn)詞匯1．situatedadj.坐落于(某處的)；位于(某處)的，后面接表示位置的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)知識(shí)拓展situatev.使……坐落或建于某處；使處于；使位于situationn.形勢(shì)，情形；位置besituatedon/in/at位于/坐落在……的；處于……地位(境遇、狀態(tài))的belocatedon/in/at位于……的；處于……位置bein/outofasituation有/失去職業(yè)bebadly/wellsituated境況困難/良好①Thecompanywantstosituateitsheadquartersinthesouth.那個(gè)公司想把總部設(shè)在南方。②Microsoft

is_well_situated_toexploitthisnewmarket.微軟具備良好的條件開(kāi)拓這個(gè)新市場(chǎng)。③Theeconomic

situation

isnowdifferent.現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)不同了。④Heisinadifficultsituation.他處境困難。即學(xué)即用①Havingsixchildrenandnoincome,thewidowwasbadly________.A．situating

B．situatedC．locating D．located答案：B②Sheisinapoor________ofhealth,whichworriesherparentsalot.A．position

B．situationC．state

D．condition答案：C2．comparevt.比較，對(duì)照；喻為，比擬①Compareyouranswerswiththoseatthebackofthebooktoseeiftheyareright.把你的答案同書(shū)后面的答案對(duì)照一下，看看是否正確。②Ifyoucomparethetwobooks,youwillseethatthisoneisbetter.如果你比較一下這兩本書(shū)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這一本好一些。③Man'slifeisoftencompared_toacandle.人生常被比為蠟燭。知識(shí)拓展comparisonn.比較；對(duì)照without(＝beyond)comparison無(wú)與倫比in/bycomparisonwith與……比較compare...with...表示“把……與……相比(同類(lèi)相比)”compare...to...表示“把……比作……(異類(lèi)相比，比喻)”①Acritical

comparison

ofCarlyleandEmerson.就卡萊爾與愛(ài)默生(兩人的信條或文學(xué)風(fēng)格)而進(jìn)行的比較與研究。②Helooksolder

by_comparison.比較起來(lái)，他顯得老些。③Itisbeyond_(＝out_of)_all_comparison.這是無(wú)可比擬的。注意：在表示“把……與……相比”時(shí)，compared...with與compared...to...皆可用，尤其是用在過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的句子中。①Shakespearecomparedtheworld

to

astage.莎士比亞把人世比作舞臺(tái)。②Compared_to/withherbook,mybookismuchmoreinteresting.與她的書(shū)相比，我的書(shū)要有趣得多。即學(xué)即用When________differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A．compared B．beingcomparedC．comparing D．havingcompared答案：C3．facev.面對(duì)，面向，面臨(困難)等n.臉，面容，表情；(物體)的表面，正面知識(shí)拓展facedanger/difficulties面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)/困難befacedwith面臨，面對(duì)lose/saveone'sface失去/挽回面子makeaface/facesat向……扮鬼臉facetoface面對(duì)面in(the)faceof面對(duì)，在……面前tosb.'sface當(dāng)著某人的面經(jīng)典在線(xiàn)①I(mǎi)toldhimto_his_facejustwhatIthought.我當(dāng)面把我的想法告訴了他。(朗文P670)②Hehadtofacetheawfultruththatshenolongerlovedhim.他不得不正視她不再愛(ài)他這一可怕的事實(shí)。(朗文P670)即學(xué)即用InNewZealand,peopleliveinthehouseswiththeirdoors________north.A．faced

B．faceC．facing

D．facingto答案：C4．rangev.排列，使……排隊(duì)；分布；(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化，變動(dòng)n.排；連續(xù)；山脈；(變化等的)幅度；(知識(shí)等的)范圍；區(qū)域；射程知識(shí)拓展rangefrom...to...在……和……之間變化range...inrows把……排成列in/withinrange(ofsth.)在射程以?xún)?nèi)；在……范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrange(ofsth.)在射程以外，在……范圍外awiderangeofinterests興趣廣泛經(jīng)典在線(xiàn)①Therewere120studentswhoseagesranged_from10to18.有120名學(xué)生，年齡在10至18歲之間。(朗文P1623)②Cupsandplateswereneatly

rangedonhershelves.杯子和盤(pán)子整齊地排列在她的架子上。(朗文P1623)③Bynowtheship

was_within_range_ofenemyradar.該船現(xiàn)已進(jìn)入敵人雷達(dá)的范圍。(朗文P1623)即學(xué)即用Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,________cheftoswimminginstructor.A．ranging B．rangingfromC．changing D．changingfrom答案：B5．oppositeadj.對(duì)面的；相對(duì)的；相反的

prep.在……的對(duì)面

n.對(duì)立面，對(duì)立場(chǎng)知識(shí)拓展beoppositeto在……對(duì)面；與……相反justtheopposite恰恰相反theoppositedirection相反的方向經(jīng)典在線(xiàn)①Thepeoplesittingopposite

uslookedveryfamiliar.坐在我們對(duì)面的人看上去很面熟。(朗文P1376)②Thegrocerystorewasontheoppositesideofthestreet.雜貨店在街對(duì)面。(朗文P1376)③Martha'snotshyatall—justthe

oppositeinfact.瑪莎一點(diǎn)都不靦腆，事實(shí)上正好相反。(朗文P1376)即學(xué)即用Thereisafinelittlecafe________thishouse.Crossthestreetandyou'llbethere.A．oppositefrom B．onthecontraryofC．oppositeto D．infrontof答案：C6．signv.簽名，簽署；做手勢(shì)，發(fā)信號(hào)n.記號(hào)，符號(hào)；標(biāo)識(shí)，標(biāo)志；手勢(shì)；跡象，征兆知識(shí)拓展signsb.todosth.打手勢(shì)讓某人做某事signin/out簽到/簽退trafficsigns交通標(biāo)志asignofrain下雨的預(yù)兆talkbysigns用手勢(shì)交談make/giveasignto對(duì)……做手勢(shì)putone'ssignatureon/tothecontract在合同上簽名經(jīng)典在線(xiàn)①Youforgotto

signthecheck.你忘了在支票上簽字。(朗文P1846)②Hewasdesperately

signing

tomenottomentionanythingaboutJack.他拼命地向我打手勢(shì)，叫我不要提起杰克的任何事。(P1847)③Thetestscandetectearlysigns

ofdisease.這些檢查可以發(fā)現(xiàn)疾病的早期征兆。(朗文P1846)④Forthefirsttimeshewasbeginningtoshowsigns

ofherage.她頭一次開(kāi)始顯露青春不再的痕跡。(朗文P1846)即學(xué)即用①M(fèi)anypeoplelikewhitecolorasitisa________ofpurity.A．symbol

B．signC．example

D．signal答案：B②Ifaninterviewistooeasy,it'sasure________thatyouhaven'tgotthejob.A．sign

B．symbolC．mark

D．indicate答案：AⅡ.難點(diǎn)突破1．workon從事，致力于，進(jìn)行I'mgoingtowork_on

myEnglishprojectandthenmeetmyfriends.我打算忙完這個(gè)英語(yǔ)計(jì)劃后去見(jiàn)朋友。辨析：1)workout的意思是“算出”、“解出”，等于gettheresultsof，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。2)workon的意思等于workat或do，意思是“忙于……”或“做……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。3)workas意思是“充當(dāng)……”。4)workfor意思是“為……而工作”，for表示目的。①Canyou

work_outhowmuchitwillcosttobuildthebridge?你能把建橋的費(fèi)用計(jì)算出來(lái)嗎？②Heisworking_on

anovelrecently.最近他正忙著寫(xiě)一本小說(shuō)。③Thesepeoplecanwork_asnurseswhennecessary.需要的時(shí)候，這些人可以充當(dāng)護(hù)士。④We're

working_forthelivesofourselvesandourfamilies.我們?yōu)樽约汉图彝サ纳疃ぷ鳌?/p>

即學(xué)即用Iwon'ttellthepersontheapproachtotheproblemuntilhe________onitformorethananhour.A．hasbeenworkingB．willhaveworkedC．willhavebeenworkingD．hadworked答案：A2．referto查閱，參考；談到，提到；涉及到，適用于①I(mǎi)fyouwanttoknowhistelephonenumber,youmay

refer_to

thetelephonedirectory.如果你想知道他的電話(huà)號(hào)碼，你可以查電話(huà)簿。②Theoldsoldier

referred_to

hisexperiencesduringtheLongMarch.老戰(zhàn)士談到了長(zhǎng)征時(shí)的一些經(jīng)歷。③Thesebooks

refer_to

Asianproblems.這些書(shū)涉及到亞洲問(wèn)題。

辨析：1)refer...to...把……提交給……，把……委托給……；使……向……請(qǐng)教，使……求助于……；把……歸功于……；認(rèn)為……起源于……2)referto...as...把……稱(chēng)作……①Tomisgoingtoreferthemattertothemeeting.湯姆打算把這件事交到會(huì)議上去處理。②Ireferred_her_toTomforfurtherinformation.我讓她到湯姆那兒去詢(xún)問(wèn)詳情。③Hereferred_his_success_tothegoodeducationhehadhad.他把他的成功歸功于他所受的良好教育。④Theinventionofthepapermakingis_referred_toChina.造紙術(shù)起源于中國(guó)。⑤Heis_referred_to_asalivingLeiFeng.他被稱(chēng)作是一個(gè)活雷鋒。即學(xué)即用Mostofusknowweshouldcutdownonfat,butknowingsuchthingsisn'tmuchhelpwhenit______shoppingandeating.A．refersto B．speaksofC．focuseson D．comesto答案：D3．intermsof按照(依據(jù)，用……詞句，用……來(lái)，通過(guò))①Heoftentalksabouthisgirlfriend

in_terms_oflove.他經(jīng)常用充滿(mǎn)愛(ài)意的語(yǔ)言談?wù)撍呐笥?。②Itwasabadyearforfilms,

in_terms_ofbothquantityandquality.今年的電影無(wú)論從數(shù)量上還是質(zhì)量上都說(shuō)不上好。知識(shí)拓展inthelong/shortterm就長(zhǎng)期/短期而言cometoterms＝maketerms達(dá)成協(xié)議，和好bringsb.toterms使某人接受條件beongood/badtermswithsb.與某人交情好/不好①Weare

on_good_terms_withourneighbors.我們與鄰居和睦相處。②In_the_long_term,_theplanispractical.從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這個(gè)計(jì)劃是可行的。即學(xué)即用________achievement,lastweek'sG20summitonthefinancialcrisismadeoutstandingachievements.A．Intermsof B．IncaseofC．Asaresultof D．Infaceof答案：A4．FranceisEurope's_third_largest_country

andfacestheUnitedKingdomacrosstheEnglishChannel.法國(guó)是歐洲第三大國(guó)，隔英吉利海峽和英國(guó)相望。TheYangtzeRiverisChina's_longest_and_the_world's_third_longestriver.＝TheYangtzeRiveristhe_longest_riverinChinaandthe_third_longestintheworld.長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的和世界第三長(zhǎng)的河流。知識(shí)拓展1)序數(shù)詞表示事物的順序，它一般跟定冠詞the一起出現(xiàn)在可數(shù)的單數(shù)名詞之前。2)序數(shù)詞前面可以加不定冠詞a/an，表示“再一個(gè)(次)”，“又一個(gè)(次)”的意思，相當(dāng)于another。3)序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞my、your、his、her等限定詞修飾限定時(shí)，其前用零冠詞。4)every＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞單數(shù)＝every＋基數(shù)詞＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)每隔everythreedays＝everythirdday每隔兩天(或每三天)①Canyoutry

a_thirdtime?你能試第三次嗎？(表明已試過(guò)兩次了)②Heisa_sixth

studenttospeak.他是第六個(gè)發(fā)言的學(xué)生。③It'smy_first_time

togohomebyplane.這是我第一次乘飛機(jī)回家。即學(xué)即用Hehaddecidedtogiveitup,buton________secondthoughtshedecidedtotry______sixthtimefortheposition.A．the;a

B．/;/

C．a(chǎn);a

D．/;a答案：D5．BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.法國(guó)和西班牙之間橫亙著另一條山脈——比利牛斯山。此句是倒裝句。表地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首，要用倒裝句式，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。①I(mǎi)n_front_ofthetowerflewsastream.塔的前面有一條小溪。②On_her_leftsatherhusband.她左邊坐著她丈夫。知識(shí)拓展全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。1)當(dāng)以there,here,out,in,up,down,away等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子，為了起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用，可構(gòu)成倒裝句，只把副詞放在句首，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)位置調(diào)換，不加助動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)必須是名詞。主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)序不變。這類(lèi)倒裝句式一般只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2)now,then,just,often表示時(shí)間的副詞放在句首，可構(gòu)成倒裝句，只把副詞放在句首，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)位置調(diào)換，不加助動(dòng)詞。3)表地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首，要用倒裝句式，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。這種倒裝句也是主謂直接調(diào)換位置，不加助動(dòng)詞did,does或do。4)there放在句首時(shí)，要用倒裝句式。在“there＋be”結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)不用be，而用表示類(lèi)似“存在”觀念的其他不及物動(dòng)詞。如：live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等。①I(mǎi)n_cameourteacher.老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。②Awayhewent.他走了。③Here_comesthebus.車(chē)來(lái)了。④Out_rushedtheboys.男孩們沖出去了。⑤There_liesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.房子前有一大片麥田。⑥Then_camethesecondstory.接著是第二個(gè)故事。⑦Fromtheholecame_a_smoke.一道煙從窟窿里冒出來(lái)。高考直擊(2009·福建)Foramomentnothinghappened.Then________allshoutingtogether.A．voiceshadcomeB．camevoicesC．voiceswouldcomeD．didvoicescome答案：B考查特殊句式。副詞then位于句首，且當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，句子用全部倒裝句，選B。即學(xué)即用①Underabigtree________，

halfasleep.A．didsatafatma