壓軸題07 名詞和代詞（原卷版）-2023年中考英語(yǔ)壓軸題專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（江蘇專用）

壓軸題07名詞和代詞考向一：名詞的數(shù)、名詞的格及名詞詞義辨析考向二：反身代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞名詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化a)一般情況下詞尾直接加-s，比如book-books,apple-applesb)以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的名詞，通常詞尾加-es，比如：bus-buses,boxesc)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y改為i再加-es，比如：city-citiesd)以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些詞尾加-es，有些加-s。中學(xué)階段所學(xué)的結(jié)尾加-es的主要有以下幾個(gè)：tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes,hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes.e)以f或者fe結(jié)尾的名詞，有些在詞尾加-s，有些將f/fe改為v后再加-es。我們所見(jiàn)到的改f/fe為v加-es的主要有以下單詞：wife(wives),life(lives),knife(knives),half(halves),self(selves),shelf(shelves),wolf(wolves)妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)嚇得著了慌，躲進(jìn)架子(shelf)保己(self)命(life),半(half)片樹(shù)葉((leaf)遮目光f)某些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)是一樣的，這類名詞不多，主要有：sheep,fish,deer,Chinese,Japanese,people常見(jiàn)國(guó)家人的復(fù)數(shù)形式:國(guó)家人單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)中國(guó)人aChineseChinese日本人aJapaneseJapanese英國(guó)人anEnglishmanEnglishmen美國(guó)人anAmericanAmericans加拿大人aCanadianCanadians法國(guó)人aFrenchmanFrenchmen澳大利亞人anAustralianAustralians俄國(guó)人aRussianRussians印度人anIndianIndians德國(guó)人aGermanGermans意大利人anItalianItaliansg)有些名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，沒(méi)有一定的規(guī)則的，需要特別記憶：man-menwoman-womenchild-childrentooth-teethfoot-feetmouse-miceh)man,woman作定語(yǔ)修飾別的名詞時(shí)，要把man,woman和其他部分都變成復(fù)數(shù)。如:mendoctors,womenteachersi)ch讀/k/時(shí)，其復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)加s如:stomachs(胃，腹部)j)既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞，但意義不同:room（空間）—rooms（房間）work（工作）—works（著作）glass（玻璃）—glasses（眼鏡）time（時(shí)間）—-times（倍數(shù)，次數(shù)，時(shí)代）paper（紙）—papers（試卷，證件，報(bào)紙）fruit（水果）—fruits(各種水果)drink（飲料）—drinks（各種飲料）名詞的雙重所有格：of+名詞所有格如：afriendofmine我的一個(gè)朋友代詞(1)表示不同范圍含義范圍都都不任何一個(gè)每一兩者bothneitherEithereach三者以上allNoneanyEvery(2)表示肯定或否定表肯定both,all,each,every,alittle,afew表否定neither,none,any,onone,little,few常考的幾組易錯(cuò)不定代詞辨析（1）both,either與neither相同點(diǎn)均用于兩個(gè)人或物不同點(diǎn)both指“兩者都”，常與and連用。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)either指“兩者中任意一個(gè)”，常與or連用。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)neither指“兩者中沒(méi)有一個(gè)（全否定）”，通常與nor連用，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)（2）all,any與none相同點(diǎn)均用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物不同點(diǎn)all指“三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物的全部”。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，其反義詞為noneany指“三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物中的任意一個(gè)”只能作定語(yǔ)。none指“三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物中沒(méi)有一個(gè)（全否定）”，相當(dāng)于notany(3)each與every代詞EachEvery不同點(diǎn)作形容詞或代詞，可單獨(dú)使用僅用作定語(yǔ)，不可單獨(dú)使用強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體強(qiáng)調(diào)整體指兩者或兩者以上的人或事物中的“每一個(gè)”指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一個(gè)”后可加of短語(yǔ)后不可加of短語(yǔ)相同點(diǎn)“each/every+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式（4）some與any相同點(diǎn)均可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，表示“一些”，即不確定的數(shù)量不同點(diǎn)some一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表示建議或請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人希望得到對(duì)方的肯定的回答。any多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句或條件句中，用于肯定句時(shí)表示“任何一個(gè)/一些”(5)afew,few,alittle與little肯定含義否定含義所修飾的名詞afew一些，幾個(gè)few幾乎沒(méi)有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)alittle一點(diǎn)little幾乎沒(méi)有不可數(shù)名詞（6）other,theother,others,theothers與another不定代詞意義用法other另外的+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞，作定語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有范圍限制常與many,any,some等詞連用修飾名詞theother兩者中的另一個(gè)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，常與one連用，構(gòu)成one…,theother…others另一些人/物=other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞（沒(méi)范圍限制）。不修飾名詞。習(xí)慣搭配some…others…theothers其余的人/物=theother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，不修飾名詞。表示“其余的全部”有范圍限制another再一的，另一的+單數(shù)名詞，表示“再一，另一個(gè)（三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)）”再，又（多）1．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Frommy________onthetopoftheTVtower,Icanhaveaperfectviewofourcity.A．tradition B．condition C．position D．situation2．（2021·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The________Lianyungang-XuzhouHigh-speedRailwaywasopentothepublicthisyear.A．180kilometerlong B．180kilometerslong C．180-kilometer-long D．180-kilometers-long3．（2022·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Coffeeormilk,Jeff?—________isOK.Icarelittleaboutit.A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither4．（2022·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Learningisalife-longjourney,foritbringsus________neweveryday.A．everything B．nothing C．a(chǎn)nything D．something5．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）________isourdutytomakeourcountrybetterandstronger.A．It B．This C．That D．One6．（2022·江蘇無(wú)錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Coffeeortea,Frank?—Coffee,please.Togetrelaxed,________isbetterthanacupofcoffee.A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．something D．everything7．（2022·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thereisn’t________intheclassroom.AllthestudentsarehavingaPElessonintheplayground.A．somebody B．a(chǎn)nybody C．nobody D．everybody8．（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考一模）—Daniel,wouldyouliketogotothelibrarybybikeoronfootthisSunday?—isOK.It’suptoyou.A．All B．Neither C．Both D．Either9．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考一模）—Thecouplelookedquitecalm.—Thatistosay,thenewsdidnotsurprise________ofthem.A．either B．neither C．each D．a(chǎn)ll10．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考一模）—Mum,Icanseeoneofmyshoes,butwhereis________shoe?—Underthebed!A．theother B．a(chǎn)nother C．other D．others11．（2023·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考一模）Manyyoungpeopleoftenfind________necessarytocommunicate,butdon’tknowwhototalkto.A．that B．it C．them D．this12．（2023·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考一模）—Haveyousentyourgrandparentsane-mailtotellthemyou’vepassedtheexam?—No.Icalledtheminstead.________ofthemcanuseacomputer.A．None B．Both C．Neither D．All13．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考一模）—Teaorcoffee,Sandy?—________,thankyou.Ihavenotimetostay.A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．None14．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考一模）TherearemainlysixkindsofteainChinaand________ofthemhastheirspecialtastes.A．a(chǎn)ll B．both C．each D．every15．（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考一模）Thetiedoesn’tmatchmyshirtwell.Wouldyoupleaseshowme________one?A．other B．other’s C．others D．a(chǎn)nother16．（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·統(tǒng)考一模）—Whydidyoubuyasecond-handcar?—Icouldn’taffordanewone,butevenanoldoneisbetterthan________.A．a(chǎn)ll B．none C．both D．neither17．（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·統(tǒng)考一模）—Ms.Walker,thankyouformakingmefeellikeIam________.—I’mgladyoubecomeconfidentnow.A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．a(chǎn)nybody18．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·校聯(lián)考一模）—Mum,whatpresentdoyouwantforyourbirthday?—Idon’tcare.________,whateveryoumakebyyourself.A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing19．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考一模）—Helenseemstobeinabettershape.—That’strue.Sheistryingtoeatahealthierdiet,with________meatandsugar.A．few B．fewer C．little D．less20．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·校聯(lián)考一模）________ofthemknowsaboutthisnewstudent,soIhavetoaskforafourthpersonforhelp.A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither21．（2023·江蘇連云港·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）NotonlymyfatherbutalsoI________crazyaboutthefootballmatch,so________ofuswantstomissthematchtonight.A．a(chǎn)m;both B．is;either C．a(chǎn)m;neither D．is;both22．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考一模）—Whoseshirtisthis?IsitTom’s?—No,itisn’t.________iswhite.A．My B．Hers C．His D．Your23．（2023·江蘇連云港·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）ComparedwithLinda’shouse,________isquiteoldbutcomfortable.A．my B．I C．mine D．myself24．（2023·江蘇連云港·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Ileft________pensathome.CanIborrow________?A．me;your B．my;your C．mine;yours D．my;yours25．（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·統(tǒng)考一模）—________ismorecomfortablethanstayingathomeinsuchbadweather.—You’retheboss.So,wouldyoucareforacupoftea?A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing26．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考一模）—Howmanyteacherswalktoschoolinyourschool?—________!Theydrivetoschool.A．Nobody B．None C．Somebody D．Anybody27．（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考一模）—Howfarisitfromyourschooltoyourhome?—Myschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.It’sonly________.A．8minutewalk B．8minuteswalkC．8minutes’walk D．8-minute’swalk28．（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—Whydoyouthinkspringisthemostbeautiful?—Ilovespringbecausewhenspringcomes,the______alloverthemountainsturngreen.A．leaf B．leafs C．leafes D．leaves29．（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·統(tǒng)考一模）Thecore（核心）ofyour________isthatyouandyourworkpartnerwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachotherinateam.A．friendship B．membership C．relationship D．leadership30．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考一模）Manypeoplethink________thewindyyard(有風(fēng)小院)intheTVplayMeetyourselfiswellworth________.A．whether;visiting B．that;avisit C．if;avisit D．that;tovisit31．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考一模）YanNingisanexcellentscientistwhowillreturntoChinainthenearfuture.Shewantstomakea________tohermotherland.A．celebration B．conversation C．contribution D．collection32．（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·無(wú)錫市天一實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校校考一模）LearningEnglishinaclassroomisimportant,whileusingEnglishinreal________willimproveyourEnglishskillsgreatly.A．positions B．situations C．events D．experiences33．（2022·江蘇·統(tǒng)考二模）—Whoisyourfavourite________intheseriesALifeLongJourney(人世間)?—ZhouBingkunis.A．director B．writer C．reader D．character34．（2022·江蘇揚(yáng)州·校考二模）—ThankstotheeffortsoftheworkersfromacrossChina,thelargestmakeshift(方艙)hospitalhasbeenin________inShanghaiforseveralweeks.—What________newsitis!Ibelievewewillwinthecampaign(戰(zhàn)役)againstCOVID-19soon.A．practice;anexciting B．use;exciting C．practice;exciting D．use;anexciting35．（2022·江蘇常州·校考一模）—Totellyouthetruth.Idon’twanttojoininthespeechcompetition.—Comeon.Youneedmorepracticetobuildupyour________.A．challenge B．confidence C．instruction D．personality36．（2022·江蘇常州·常州市清潭中學(xué)?？家荒＃㏕hefactorycannotcontinueitslevelof________becausethecostofthematerialhasrisenalot.A．instruction B．production C．contribution D．celebration37．（2022·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考一模）Thenumberofthewordsinyourarticleisn’timportant,butthe_________ofitmatters.A．a(chǎn)bility B．size C．quality D．energy38．（2022·江蘇鹽城·?？既＃猈hoistheboyoverthere?—Heisafriendof__________.Doyouwanttoknowhim?A．me B．mine C．I D．my39．（2022·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考一模）—Dad,whatistheloudspeakersaying?—Itistothe_________.TheflighttoBeijingischeckingticketsnow.A．customers B．tourists C．members D．passengers40．（2022·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考一模）Becauseofthehero’srushingoutofthebuildingonfirewithababy,allthepeopleare___________ofhim.Soheis___________ofus.A．thepride;proud B．proud;pride C．theproud;pride D．proud;thepride41．（2022·江蘇常州·校聯(lián)考一模）Nancy’s______mostsuccessfulmomentcamein______forties.A．/;her B．the;her C．the;hers D．/;hers42．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考一模）—Iheartherearethreeforeignstudentsinyourclass.—Yes.Oneisan________andtheothertwoare________.A．Australian,Germans B．Australians,GermenC．Australians,Germans D．Australian,Germen43．（2022·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考一模）—AsLaozi’sbooksays,athousand-milejourneybegins