福建?。ㄐ赂呖糏卷）備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語(yǔ)考場(chǎng)仿真模擬（解析版）

精品試卷·第2頁(yè)（共2頁(yè)）備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語(yǔ)模擬卷05（新高考I卷）（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanthinkofputtingthefoldingtabletogether?A．Interesting. B．Hard. C．Easy.【答案】B【原文】M:Theinstructionsheresaythatyouneedtoputthefoldingtabletogetheryourself.I’vespentallafternoontryingtodoit,butitwasimpossible.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.ThelasttimeItriedtoputtogetheratoytrainformyson,Ialmostgaveup.2．Whichmoviedoesthemanprefer?A．LostintheStars. B．NeverSayNever. C．Chang’an.【答案】C【原文】M:Let’senjoyamovietonight!W:Okay.Whichonedoyouwanttosee,LostintheStars,NeverSayNeverorChang’an?M:Chang’an.It’sgoodforourkidstolearnmoreaboutLiBai.3．Whereisthewomannow?A．Athome. B．Atschool. C．Inapark.【答案】B【原文】W：Tom,afterIfinishmyworkhereatschool,I'mgoingtothepark.M：OK,butI'mjustgoingtostayathome.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Newchallenges. B．Stampcollecting. C．Theirhobbies.【答案】C【原文】W:Howbeautifulthestampsare!Howlongdidittakeyoutocollectthem?M:Morethanthreeyears.W:Idon’thavethepatience.Iprefersomethingchallenging,soIchoosetoplaychess.5．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Toputoffanappointment. B．Tomakeanapology. C．Tocancelaflight.【答案】A【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Smith.I’mafraidDr.Brownwon’tbeabletoseeyoutoday.He’sstillwaitingforaflightoutofNewYork.Hesaidhewouldmeetyoutomorrowafternoon.IsitOK?M:Soundsgood.Thanksforcalling.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6．Whydoesthewomancometoseetheman?A．Tomakeuponeclass.B．Toaskabouthertermpaper.C．Totalkaboutcomputertechnology.7．What’sthedatetoday?A．November7th. B．November13th. C．November28th.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Kendall,whydidn’tyoucometomyclassyesterday?W:I’msorry,ProfessorJames.ImissedyourclassyesterdaybecauseIhadabadheadache.Couldyoutellmeyourrequirementsformytermpaper,please?M:Sure.ThethemeofthepapershouldbeaboutthedevelopmentofcomputertechnologyinAmerica.W:OK.Howlongshoulditbe?M:Nolessthanl5pages.It’sdueonNovember28th,threeweeksfromnow,soyoushouldhaveenoughtimetofinishit.W:Thanks.Iwon’tletyoudown.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Schoolmates. B．Brotherandsister. C．Teacherandstudent.9．WhatjusthappenedtoCharlie’sshirt?A．Hegotateastainonit.B．Hegotbluepaintonit.C．Helostitonthegrass.10．WhatwillCharlietoafterschool?A．Buyanewshirt.B．Washhisshirthimself.C．Tellhismotherwhathappened.【答案】8．A9．B10．A【原文】W:Don’tsitthere.Oh,Charlie!M:Ouch!Isthischairmadeofpaper,Betty?W:Yes.Itriedtowarnyou.That’spartofoursetforourschoolplay.Didyouhurtyourself?M:No,butlookatmyshirt.W:Oh,no.Itlookslikeyougotpaintonit.Well,atleastit’stheprettyshadeofblue.M:Mymomwillkillme.Shejustwashedthegrassstainoutofitlastnight.Shetoldmetobemorecarefultoday.Ican’twearthishone.W:Don’tworry.She’llunderstandifyoutellherwhathappened.M:Noway.Ineedtobuyanewone.Youhavetogowithmeafterschool.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11．Whatpartoftheman’sbodyishurting?A．Thetopofhishead.B．Therightsideofhisface.C．Theleftsideofhismouth.12．Wheredoesthemandecidetogo?A．Toahospital.B．Toadentist’soffice.C．Tohisregulardoctor’soffice.13．Howwillthespeakersgothere?A．Bybus. B．Bybike. C．Bycar.【答案】11．C12．A13．C【原文】M:Idon’tknowhowmuchlongerIcanstandthispain.Thedentistdoesn’tknowwhat’swrong.Myregulardoctordoesn’tknowwhat’swrong.WherecanIgotofindouthowtofixmyproblem?W:Isityourmouthagain?M:Yeah,theleftsideofmymouth.Ithurtslikecrazy!Icanhardlysleepatnight.W:Iguessyoushouldgotoanexpert,then.Can’tyourdoctorordentisttellyouwheretogo?M:Theyhaven’tbeentoohelpful.MaybeIshouldgostraighttotheemergencyroomatthehospital.W:Thatmightbeagoodidea.It’sSaturday,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutgoingtowork.Wantmetodriveyouthere?M:Yeah,IguessIshoulddoitnow.I’llgetready.I’mnotlookingforwardtothis.Iwonderwhatthey’llfind.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14．Whatdayisittoday?A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Saturday.15．Whatkindofpartywillthegirlattend?A．Abirthdayparty. B．Awelcomeparty. C．Agoodbyeparty.16．Whydoesthemanrefusethegirltodrivehiscar?A．Shecantakethesubway.B．Shedoesn’thavealicense.C．Sheisnotskilledenoughtodrive.17．WhatgiftwillthegirlbringforJenny?A．Thewoodenboat. B．Chocolate. C．Someflowers.【答案】14．A15．C16．C17．A【原文】W:Dad,don’twaitformefordinnertomorrow.I’llgotoattendaparty.M:Issomeonehavingherbirthday?W:No,JennyisthrowingapartyatherhouseinHillPeakthisFriday.YouknowsheismovingtoNewYorknextweek.M:Isee.Theclosingtimeofthesubwayinthatareaisprettyearly.Doyouneedmetopickyouupwhenthepartyisdone.W:Ormaybeyoucanletmedriveyourcar?M:No,youjustgotyourlicense.It’snotsafe.W:Oh,comeon.Fine,I’llletyouknowwhenit’sover.Bytheway,whatgiftshouldIbringforJenny?M:I’mnotsure.Someflowers?Orsomechocolate,maybe?W:Well,I’mthinkingsomethingthatwilllast,somethingspecial.M:Howaboutthewoodenboatyoumadeformonths?IrememberJennylikeditverymuchlasttimeshesawit.W:You’reagenius,Daddy!Thankyou.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18．Whoarethelisteners?A．Parents. B．Students. C．Teachers.19．Howcanthelistenersgettheinformationabouttheprocedures?A．Fromabrochure. B．Fromadoctor. C．Fromthespeaker.20．Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdointheend?A．Gotothehealthcentersoon.B．Offertheirmedicalhistorytothedoctor.C．Makeanearlyappointmentwiththehealthcenter.【答案】18．B19．A20．C【原文】Goodafternoon!Thankyouforcomingtotheinternationalstudentoffice’sfirstmeetingforstudentsgoingabroadtoSouthAmerica,nextautumn.Ifyouhaven’tyetsignedournamelist,besuretodoitonyourwayout.Thismeetingisamustforyou,soyouneedtomakesureweknowyou’rehere.Today,let’stalkabouthealthandthenecessaryprocedurestogetyourstudentvisa.Allofyoushouldgatherhealthinformation,suchasevidencefromyourdoctorsthatyoudon’thaveanyseriousdiseases.Alltheinformationabouttheprocedurescanbefoundinyourhostcountrybrochure.Youarealsorequiredtomeetwithadoctoratthestudenthealthcenter.Thehealthcentercangiveyouinformationaboutappointmenttimes,butpleasebookyourappointmentearly,becausetheexpertisonlyondutyatcertaintimes.Remember,youshouldhaveyourmeetingatleastfourtosixweeksbeforeyourtrip.第二部分

閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)

（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAnimalvolunteeringabroadistheperfectopportunityforanimalloverswhowanttodosomethinggoodwhiletraveling.Hereareseveralprograms.LeatherbackTurtleAmbassadorOurmainmissionistoprotectendangeredseaturtlessuchastheleatherbackseaturtleandthegreenseaturtle.Byworkingwithlocalsandenvironmentaleducationprograms,wewillbeabletoeducatepeopleontheimportanceofprotectingthevaluableseaecosystem.Location:Limon,CostaRicaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishFee:266€perweekWildlifeShelterCarerEveryyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.Location:NewSouthWales,AustraliaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:706€perweekThaiElephantSanctuaryOurprogramhelpsdomesticatedelephantsrescuedfromalifeofworkingonthestreetsorloggingandprovidescaretorescuedelephantpopulation.TheprogramhaswonnumerousawardsforitsethicalcontributiontotheassistanceofThaiElephants.Theteamhaverescueddozensofelephantsandgiventhemsheltersinbeautiful,openspaces.Location:Phetchaburiprovince,ThailandRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:647€perweekForce-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistantAreyoupassionateabouthorsesandeagertomakeapositiveimpactonhorsewelfare?JoinourincredibleForce-FreeHorseSanctuaryProgram,whereyou’llbecomepartofadevotedteamcaringforourbeautifulhorses.Throughpositivereinforcementandforce-freehorsemanshipskills,you’llhelpimprovethelivesofthesemagnificentanimals.Location:Atajate,SpainRequirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanishFee:392€perweek21．Whichprogramcostsleastperweek?A．LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador. B．WildlifeShelterCarer.C．ThaiElephantSanctuary. D．Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant.22．WhatcanyoudointheprogramofWildlifeShelterCarer?A．Advocateprotectingseaanimals.B．Attendtoanimalsinpoorcondition.C．Adoptendangeredanimalsasyourpets.D．Acquirecomplicatedhorsemanshipskills.23．Wherecanyouvolunteerifyouarea15-year-oldEnglishspeaker?A．Limon,CostaRica. B．NewSouthWales,Australia.C．Phetchaburiprovince,Thailand. D．Atajate,Spain.【答案】21．A22．B23．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹四個(gè)不同的動(dòng)物保護(hù)志愿者項(xiàng)目，每個(gè)項(xiàng)目都提供了詳細(xì)的描述，包括項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)、地點(diǎn)、要求和費(fèi)用。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador下的“Fee:266€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周266歐元)”，WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Fee:706€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周706歐元)”，ThaiElephantSanctuary下的“Fee:647€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周647歐元)”以及Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Fee:392€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周392歐元)”可知，LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador是花費(fèi)最少的。故選A項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Everyyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.(每年，成千上萬(wàn)的本土動(dòng)物受傷或生病，通常是因?yàn)榕c人或?qū)櫸锏幕?dòng)。我們的野生動(dòng)物收容所拯救了生病、受傷的本地野生動(dòng)物，并愛護(hù)它們，使它們恢復(fù)健康，回歸自然環(huán)境。由于我們沒有得到政府的資助，這些庇護(hù)所依靠志愿者和公眾的捐款)”可知，在WildlifeShelterCarer可以照料狀況不佳的動(dòng)物。故選B項(xiàng)。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Requirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanish(要求：年齡14-50歲;語(yǔ)言能力:基本英語(yǔ)或基本西班牙語(yǔ))”可知，如果你是一個(gè)15歲的英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)者，你可以在Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant中作志愿者，地點(diǎn)在“Location:Atajate,Spain”。故選D項(xiàng)。BIwastrainedasagymnastinHunan,China,inthe1970s.Thegovernmentwantedtotransfermetoaschoolforathleteswhilemyparentswantedmetobecomeanengineer,becausetheyfirmlybelievedtherewasonlyonesurewaytohappiness:asafeandwell-paidjob.ButmydreamwastobecomeaChineseoperasinger.AlthoughItriedeverythingIcouldtogotooperaschool,IknewIwastoooldtobetrainedandmydreamwouldnevercometrue.Butthat’ssounfair.SoIwasdeterminedtofindanothercalling—books.IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLei’sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.IcametotheU.S.in1995whereIstartedcomparativereading.Comparingandcontrastinggivescholarsamorecompleteunderstandingofatopic.SoIthought,well,ifcomparativereadingworksforresearch,whynotdoitindailylifetoo?SoIstartedreadingbooksinpairs.Theycanbeaboutpeoplewhoareinvolvedinthesameevent—BenjaminFranklinbyWalterIsaacsonandJohnAdamsbyDavidMcCullough,forexample,orfriendswithsharedexperiences.Ialsocomparethesamestoriesindifferentgenresorsimilarstoriesfromdifferentcultures,asJosephCampbelldidinhiswonderfulbookThePowerofMyth.Bookshavegivenmeamagicportal(入口)toconnectwithpeopleofthepastandthepresent.Ihavecometobelievethatcomingtrueisnottheonlypurposeofadream.Itsmostimportantpurposeistogetusintouchwithwheredreamscomefrom,wherepassioncomesfromandwherehappinesscomesfrom.Evenashattered(遭受極大打擊的)dreamcandothatforyou.Somaybooksbealwayswithyou.24．What’sthepurposeofparagraph1?A．Toprovidebackgroundinformation. B．Tolistsomeexamples.C．Tomakeacomparison. D．Tosummarizetheparagraphsbelow.25．Fromwhichbookdidtheauthorgetthemotivationtostudyabroad?A．FuLei’sFamilyLetters. B．JaneEyre.C．CheaperbytheDozen. D．CompleteWorksofSanmao.26．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thefutureofcomparativereading.B．Theconceptofcomparativereading.C．Thewriter’sexperiencesofcomparativereading.D．Thewriter’sachievementsofcomparativereading.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowIChaseMyDreams B．HowBooksOpenMyMindC．WhyIAmKeenonComparativeReading D．WhyaShatteredDreamChangesMyLife【答案】24．A25．D26．C27．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章介紹了作者熱愛閱讀，他在出國(guó)后進(jìn)行對(duì)比閱讀研究并將其運(yùn)用到生活之中，作者希望書籍可以伴隨人們終身。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“IwastrainedasagymnastinHunan,China,inthe1970s.Thegovernmentwantedtotransfer(轉(zhuǎn)學(xué))metoaschoolforathleteswhilemyparentswantedmetobecomeanengineer,becausetheyfirmlybelievedtherewasonlyonesurewaytohappiness:asafeandwell-paidjob.ButmydreamwastobecomeaChineseoperasinger.AlthoughItriedeverythingIcouldtogotooperaschool,IknewIwastoooldtobetrainedandmydreamwouldnevercometrue.”（20世紀(jì)70年代，我在中國(guó)湖南接受體操訓(xùn)練。政府想把我調(diào)到一所運(yùn)動(dòng)員學(xué)校，而我的父母則希望我成為一名工程師，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)信只有一條通往幸福的可靠途徑：一份安全且高薪的工作。但我的夢(mèng)想是成為一名中國(guó)戲曲歌手。盡管我想盡一切辦法去上歌劇院，但我知道我太老了，無(wú)法接受訓(xùn)練，我的夢(mèng)想永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。）可知，這一段的目的是介紹了故事發(fā)生的背景信息。故選A項(xiàng)。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLei’sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.”（我從傅雷和朱梅馥的《傅雷家書》中滿足了對(duì)父母建議的渴望，從《簡(jiǎn)·愛》中找到了獨(dú)立女性的榜樣，從《兒女一籮筐》中學(xué)會(huì)了高效，讀了《三毛全集》和《歷史教訓(xùn)》后，我萌生了出國(guó)留學(xué)的念頭。）可知，作者在閱讀《三毛全集》后得到了出國(guó)的動(dòng)力。故選D項(xiàng)。26．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“IcametotheU.S.in1995whereIstartedcomparativereading.Comparingandcontrastinggivescholarsamorecompleteunderstandingofatopic.SoIthought,well,ifcomparativereadingworksforresearch,whynotdoitindailylifetoo?SoIstartedreadingbooksinpairs.”（我1995年來(lái)到美國(guó)，在那里我開始了比較閱讀。比較和對(duì)比使學(xué)者們對(duì)一個(gè)主題有了更全面的了解。所以我想，如果比較閱讀是為了研究，為什么不在日常生活中也這樣做呢？所以我開始兩人一組看書。）可知，第三段主要介紹了關(guān)于作者對(duì)比閱讀的經(jīng)歷。故選C項(xiàng)。27．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLei’sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.”（我從傅雷和朱梅芙的《傅雷家書》中滿足了對(duì)父母建議的渴望，從《簡(jiǎn)·愛》中找到了獨(dú)立女性的榜樣，從《兒女一籮筐》中學(xué)會(huì)了高效，讀了《三毛全集》和《歷史教訓(xùn)》后，我萌生了出國(guó)留學(xué)的念頭。）及第三段“IcametotheU.S.in1995whereIstartedcomparativereading.”（我1995年來(lái)到美國(guó)，在那里我開始了比較閱讀。）及最后一段“Bookshavegivenmeamagicportal(入口)toconnectwithpeopleofthepastandthepresent.”（書籍給了我一個(gè)與過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的人們聯(lián)系的神奇入口。）可知，本文講述的是書籍使我出國(guó)從事研究并讓我有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)，說(shuō)明本文主要介紹的是書籍如何開闊我的頭腦。故選B項(xiàng)。CAcidrainisveryharmfultotheenvironmentbecauseitmakeslivingthingsdie.Acidrainaffectslifeinthewateraswellaslifeontheland.Itisevenworseinthewaterbecausethefishneedthewatertobreathe.Whenthewatergetspolluted,thefishgetsickandendupdying.Allrainwatercontainssomelevelacidity.AcidityismeasuredbyPH,whichstandsforpotentialofhydrogen(氫).ThePHscalemeasurestheamountofacidinasubstance.PHismeasuredonascalefrom0to14,with7beingneutral(中性的).ThelowerthenumberisonthePHscale,themoreacidicthatsubstanceis.NormalrainwaterhasaPHof5.6.WhenthePHlevelofrainwatergoesbelow5.6,itisconsideredacidrain.Allofthesealifewilldiewhenthewaterbecomestooacidic.Forexample,allfishwilldiewhenthewatergoesbelowaPHof4.5.MostofthefrogsandinsectsthatlivearoundthewaterwillalsodiewhenthewaterreachesaPHof4.5.WhenthewaterhasaPHof5.5,allofthebottom-dwellingbacterialdecomposers(分解體),animalsthateattheremainsofthefoodthatotheranimalsdon’twant,willbegintodie.Whenthesedecomposersdie,theywillleavetheunder-composedfoodonthebottom.Thiswillmakethewaterdirtyandpolluted.Allfreshwatershrimps(蝦)willdiewhenthewaterhasaPHof6.0.AquaticplantswillgrowthebestwhenthewaterhasaPHbetween7.0and9.2.Iftheacidrainproblemgetsworse.allofthesealifewilleventuallybegone.28．Whatcanweknowaboutacidrain?A．Itdoesmoreharmtolifeinthewaterthanonland.B．Itwillkillthelivingthingsassoonasittouchesthem.C．Itisrainwaterwhichcontainsanyamountofacidity.D．Itisasubstancewhichhaspotentialofhydrogen.29．Whichofthefollowingcandiemosteasilyinacidicwater?A．Allfish. B．Frogsandinsects.C．Bacterialdecomposers. D．Freshwatershrimps.30．Accordingtothetext,weknowthat_______.A．ifthePHofrainwateris5.6,allofthesealifewillbegoneB．ifthePHofseawaterisbelow7.0,itisnotaproblemC．ifthePHofrainwaterisbelow5.6,itisdangerousD．ifthePHofseawaterisbelow4.5,someoftheseafishcan’tdie31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thedefinitionofacidrain. B．Howtomeasurerainwater’sPHlevel.C．Theeffectsthatacidrainhasonsealife. D．Howtoprotectsealifefromacidrain.【答案】28．A29．D30．C31．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述的是酸雨對(duì)海洋生物的影響。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Acidrainaffectslifeinthewateraswellaslifeontheland.Itisevenworseinthewaterbecausethefishneedthewatertobreathe.Whenthewatergetspolluted,thefishgetsickandendupdying.(酸雨不僅影響陸地上的生命，也影響水中的生命。在水里情況更糟，因?yàn)轸~需要水來(lái)呼吸。當(dāng)水被污染時(shí)，魚會(huì)生病并最終死亡。)”可知，酸雨它對(duì)水中生命的危害比陸地上更大。故選A。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“ThelowerthenumberisonthePHscale,themoreacidicthatsubstanceis.（PH值越低，表示該物質(zhì)的酸性越強(qiáng)。）”和最后一段的句子“Allofthesealifewilldiewhenthewaterbecomestooacidic.Forexample,allfishwilldiewhenthewatergoesbelowaPHof4.5.MostofthefrogsandinsectsthatlivearoundthewaterwillalsodiewhenthewaterreachesaPHof4.5.WhenthewaterhasaPHof5.5,allofthebottom-dwellingbacterialdecomposers(分解體),animalsthateattheremainsofthefoodthatotheranimalsdon’twant,willbegintodie.Whenthesedecomposersdie,theywillleavetheunder-composedfoodonthebottom.Thiswillmakethewaterdirtyandpolluted.Allfreshwatershrimps(蝦)willdiewhenthewaterhasaPHof6.0.(當(dāng)水變得太酸時(shí)，所有的海洋生物都會(huì)死亡。例如，當(dāng)水的PH值低于4.5時(shí)，所有的魚都會(huì)死亡。當(dāng)水的PH值達(dá)到4.5時(shí)，生活在水周圍的大多數(shù)青蛙和昆蟲也會(huì)死亡。當(dāng)水的PH值為5.5時(shí)，所有生活在海底的細(xì)菌分解者，也就是那些吃了其他動(dòng)物不想要的食物殘?jiān)膭?dòng)物，都會(huì)開始死亡。當(dāng)這些分解者死亡時(shí)，它們會(huì)把未分解的食物留在底部。這將使水變得骯臟和污染。當(dāng)水的PH值為6.0時(shí)，所有的淡水蝦都會(huì)死亡)”可知，淡水蝦的耐酸性是最弱的，所以，在酸性水中，最容易死亡的是淡水蝦。故選D。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“PHismeasuredonascalefrom0to14,with7beingneutral(中性的).ThelowerthenumberisonthePHscale,themoreacidicthatsubstanceis.NormalrainwaterhasaPHof5.6.WhenthePHlevelofrainwatergoesbelow5.6,itisconsideredacidrain.(PH值在0到14的范圍內(nèi)測(cè)量，其中7為中性。PH值越低，表示該物質(zhì)的酸性越強(qiáng)。正常雨水的PH值為5.6。當(dāng)雨水PH值低于5.6則被認(rèn)為是酸雨。)”可知，如果雨水的PH值低于5.6時(shí)雨水就被認(rèn)為是酸雨，此時(shí)就很危險(xiǎn)了。故選C。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Acidrainaffectslifeinthewateraswellaslifeontheland.Itisevenworseinthewaterbecausethefishneedthewatertobreathe.Whenthewatergetspolluted,thefishgetsickandendupdying.(酸雨不僅影響陸地上的生命，也影響水中的生命。在水里情況更糟，因?yàn)轸~需要水來(lái)呼吸。當(dāng)水被污染時(shí)，魚會(huì)生病并最終死亡。)”以及通讀全文可知，本文主要講述的是酸雨對(duì)海洋生物的影響。故選C。DEverwonderedwhyyourpartnerisupwiththelark(百靈鳥)whileyouarehappilysleepingtillnoon?ItcouldbethankstoNeanderthalgenes,accordingtoanewstudy.ScientistscomparingancientDNAwiththegeneticsofmodernhumansdiscovereda“strikingtrend”,saidJohnCapra,anepidemiologist(流行病學(xué)家)attheUniversityofCaliforniainSanFrancisco.TheresearchersfoundthattheNeanderthalgenesthatremainaffectthebodyclock—increasingtendencytobeamorningperson.Neanderthalslivedathigherlatitudes(緯度)thanourancestorswhomigratedfromAfrica—furtherawayfromtheequator,withthedayslongerinsummerandshorterinwinter.“Thegenethatmakespeopleearlyriserslikelyenablesmorerapidalignment(協(xié)調(diào)一致)ofthecircadianclock(生物鐘)withchangingseasonallightpatterns,”DrCaprasaid,“whenNeanderthalswereabletomakethemostofdaylighthourstohunt.”Scientistshavepreviouslyexploredhowthecircadianrhythmsofinsects,plants,andfishhavedevelopeddependingonlatitude.Butthathasn’tbeenwellstudiedinhumans.TheresearcherswantedtoseewhethertherewasageneticreasonfordifferencesincircadianrhythmsbetweenNeanderthalsandmodernpeople,andfound16variants(變異體)associatedwithgreater“morningness”.TheysuspectedthatasNeanderthalsandtheancestorsofmodernhumansmated,peopletodaycouldhavefollowedNeanderthal“circadianvariants”.Totestthis,scientistsanalysethegeneticsofseveralhundredthousandpeoplefromtheUKBiobankandfoundmanyofthevariantsthataffectsleeppreference.“Mostnoticeably,theyfoundthatthesevariantsincreasemorningness,”theresearcherssaid.Thisisconsistentwithwhathasbeenfoundinotheranimalsthathaveadaptedtolivingatahighlatitude,asNeanderthalsdid.32．Whydoestheauthormention“yourpartnerisupwiththelark”inparagraph1?A．Tointroducethefollowingcontext.B．Tocomparetwomorninglifestyles.C．Topraisethosewhogetupearly.D．ToexpressgratitudetoNeanderthals.33．WhatistherootforNeanderthals’morningnessaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Thecapabilityofhuntinganimals. B．ThegenesfromAfricanancestors.C．Theenvironmentathigherlatitudes. D．Thedaylighthoursaroundtheirhabitats.34．Whatcanbeinferredinparagraph4?A．Morningnessinhumanisunlikethatinplants.B．Insects’circadianrhythmsareimpactedbylatitude.C．Scientistshavepreviouslystudiedthegenesofanimals.D．ThegenesofNeanderthalsistheonlyreasonformorningness.35．Howdidresearchersprovetheirsuspection?A．Byanalyzingstatisticsofthesubjects.B．Byobservingpeople’ssleepinghabits.C．Byinterviewingparticipantsintheexperiment.D．Bycomparingsleeppreferenceamonghumanandanimals.【答案】32．A33．D34．B35．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，尼安德特人的基因影響著生物鐘的增加，使他們成為早起的人。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Everwonderedwhyyourpartnerisupwiththelark(百靈鳥)whileyouarehappilysleepingtillnoon?ItcouldbethankstoNeanderthalgenes,accordingtoanewstudy.(你有沒有想過(guò)，為什么你的伴侶起得很早，而你卻在快樂地睡到中午？根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，這可能要?dú)w功于尼安德特人的基因)”可知，while表示對(duì)比，后面說(shuō)到你睡到中午，你的伴侶不同，所以，作者提到“你的伴侶起得很早”是為了介紹下面的研究背景。故選A。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Neanderthalslivedathigherlatitudes(緯度)thanourancestorswhomigratedfromAfrica—furtherawayfromtheequator,withthedayslongerinsummerandshorterinwinter.‘Thegenethatmakespeopleearlyriserslikelyenablesmorerapidalignment(協(xié)調(diào)一致)ofthecircadianclock(生物鐘)withchangingseasonallightpatterns,’DrCaprasaid,‘whenNeanderthalswereabletomakethemostofdaylighthourstohunt.’(尼安德特人生活在比我們從非洲遷徙而來(lái)的祖先更高的緯度——遠(yuǎn)離赤道，夏季白晝更長(zhǎng)，冬季白晝更短?？ㄆ绽┦空f(shuō)：“使人們?cè)缙鸬幕蚩赡苁股镧娕c季節(jié)光照模式的變化更迅速地保持一致，因?yàn)槟岚驳绿厝四軌虺浞掷冒滋斓臅r(shí)間打獵?！?”可知，尼安德特人早起是為了充分利用白天的時(shí)間打獵。由此可知，尼安德特人早起的根源是他們棲息地周圍的白天時(shí)間。故選D。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Scientistshavepreviouslyexploredhowthecircadianrhythmsofinsects,plants,andfishhavedevelopeddependingonlatitude.(科學(xué)家們此前已經(jīng)探索了昆蟲、植物和魚類的晝夜節(jié)律是如何隨著緯度的變化而發(fā)展的)”可知，昆蟲的晝夜節(jié)律受到緯度的影響。故選B。35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Totestthis,scientistsanalysethegeneticsofseveralhundredthousandpeoplefromtheUKBiobankandfoundmanyofthevariantsthataffectsleeppreference.“Mostnoticeably,theyfoundthatthesevariantsincreasemorningness,”theresearcherssaid.Thisisconsistentwithwhathasbeenfoundinotheranimalsthathaveadaptedtolivingatahighlatitude,asNeanderthalsdid.(為了驗(yàn)證這一點(diǎn)，科學(xué)家們分析了英國(guó)生物銀行幾十萬(wàn)人的基因，發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多影響睡眠偏好的變異。研究人員說(shuō)：“最值得注意的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些變異增加了早起的習(xí)慣?！边@與其他適應(yīng)高緯度生活的動(dòng)物的發(fā)現(xiàn)是一致的，比如尼安德特人)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)分析受試者的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)證明他們的懷疑。故選A。第二節(jié)

（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou’vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageandintotheworld.36First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.37Then,maybeit’spostinganoticeonthebulletinboardofyourlocallibraryorbookstore.Ifyou’relookingto“getarangeofperspectives”fromyourclub,youmaywanttoconsiderlookingforadiverserangeofagesandgenders.Theycanbringtheirvariedworldviewstodiscussions.38Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?There’sthetypicalfriendsgatheringatsomeone’sapartmentandhavingcheeseandwineapproach.Butoftentimes,peoplewillbefrustratedbecausetheyjustturnintoasocialeventratherthanfocusingonthebook.Inordertomakesureyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,takethetimetodiscusswhatyouwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.Booksthatworkreallywellareonesthatallowyoutoreflectonself.Theyhavealotofentrypointsforpeoplesotheyprobablyhaveagoodsetting.Thepacingissolid.There’sgreatcharacterdevelopmentandthelanguagedoesn’tgetinthewayofthestory.39Beforeyourmeetings,listsomediscussionquestions.Remembertocomeupwithquestionsdependingonyourbook’sgenre:romance,mystery,thrillerandsoon.40Forexample,youmayaskwhichscenehasstuckwiththemthemostorwhetherthereareanystandoutsentences.A．Itisnecessarytosetsomegroupguidelines.B．Here’salookoffourofourfavoritesbelow.C．Tostart,reachouttoyourfriendswholovetoread.D．Therearealsogeneralquestionsyoucanstartoutwith.E．Youcannevergowrongwiththebestsellerlisttogettheballrolling.F．Choosesomethingwiththatcriteriaandyoucanpleaseallkindsofreaders.G．Ifyou’veeverhadtheu