2024-2025學(xué)年外研社版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（一）

第1頁（共1頁）2024-2025學(xué)年外研社版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（一）一．選擇題（共5小題）1．Pleasegetsomeone______thewashingmachine.Iwanttogetit______assoonaspossible.（）A．torepair；toberepaired B．repair；repaired C．torepair；repairing D．torepair；repaired2．Classicliteratureandartsarenotonlywhatusedtobepopularbutwhatlastandthroughmanygenerations．（）A．struggle B．fade C．survive D．repeat3．Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman___________anelectricfanintheofficeroomtomorrow.（）A．install B．toinstall C．tobeinstalled D．installed4．（2015?和平區(qū)二模）﹣﹣﹣DoyouthinkIshouldjointhesinginggroup，Mary？﹣﹣﹣______IfIwereinyourshoes，Icertainlywould．（）A．Noneofyourbusiness B．Itdepends． C．Whynot？ D．Idon'tthinkso．5．IwilldoingwhatisrightandIwillnotchangemymind!（）A．stickto B．insiston C．holdon D．puton二．完形填空（共1小題）6．（2023秋?龍華區(qū)校級(jí)期中）Polturanstraighttohisstudytable.There，inanemptybottle，wasthetreasure，acolourfulbutterfly，oncekeepingflyingawayfromhis（1）.Butnowitwasgoingtobepartofhisbiologyprojectinschool.Poltulovedthedifferent（2）onthewings.Hehadmadeafewholesonthecapofthebottletoletairpass（3）.Hedressedhurriedly，（4）schooland（5）thebottleonthewindowsill.Thatday'sbiologyclasswasthemostinteresting!Poltu'steacherwashappywithhis（6）andaskedeveryonetothankhim.Onthewaybackhome，thebutterflystillfluttereditswings（7）.WhateversmallcreaturePoltucameacross，hefeltlikeputtingintothebottle.Buthe（8）himselfashewantedtogivebreathingspacetohisbutterfly.Wakinguparoundmidnightsuddenly，helightly（9）thebottle.Thebutterflydidnotmove.Heshookthebottlesomemore，butstillno（10）.Hepouredalittlewater.Thewaterseemedtohelpasthebutterfly（11）alittle.Poltuheavedasighof（12）.AfterawhilePoltuquicklyopenedthebottleandgaveita（13）shake.ToPoltu，thetinynoiseoftheflutteringwingswas（14）.Hesatstaringattheemptybottle，buthewashappythathehadsentthebutterflybacktowhereit（15）﹣nature.（1）A．senseB．a(chǎn)bilityC．graspD．view（2）A．coloursB．spotsC．shapesD．lines（3）A．pastB．a(chǎn)crossC．overD．through（4）A．calledonB．leftoffC．leftforD．droppedin（5）A．a(chǎn)bandonedB．placedC．threwD．pulled（6）A．creationB．conditionC．intentionD．expectation（7）A．changeablyB．reasonablyC．weaklyD．energetically（8）A．controlledB．seizedC．managedD．hid（9）A．kickedB．embracedC．pattedD．beat（10）A．responseB．a(chǎn)ppearanceC．symptomD．signal（11）A．climbedB．jumpedC．turnedD．trembled（12）A．regretB．shockC．reliefD．depression（13）A．violentB．gentleC．suddenD．natural（14）A．terribleB．unbelievableC．confusingD．musical（15）A．disappearedB．belongedC．survivedD．died三．閱讀理解（共2小題）7．RachelCarson，awell﹣knownnatureauthorinAmerica，washappiestwritingaboutthestrengthandstabilityofnaturalsystems.Herbooksmainlydescribedtheinterconnectednessofnatureandalllivingthings.CompletingSilentSpringtookCarsonfouryears.FirstpublishedinTheNewYorkerinJune1962，thebookalarmedreadersacrossAmerica.ItdescribedhowDDTenteredthefoodchainandaccumulated（堆積）inthefattytissuesofanimals，includinghumanbeings，andcausedcancerandgeneticdamage.Carsonbeginsbydescribingexactlytheseeffectsinthefirstchapter，creatingstrongimagesanddrawingthereadersin.Asthebookcontinues，shegivesvariousexamplesofhowinsecticides（殺蟲劑）arenotonlyunsuccessful，butactuallyverycostlyanddamaging.Shealsoexplainsaboutthebiologicalcontrolswhicharelessexpensiveandmuchmoreefficient.Asingleapplicationonacrop，shewrote，killedinsectsforweeksandmonths，andnotonlythetargetedinsectsbutcountlessmore，andremainedpoisonousintheenvironmentevenafteritwaswashedoutbyrainwater.CarsonconcludedthatDDTandotherpesticideshaddefinitelyharmedbirdsandanimalsandhaddestroyedtheentireworld'sfoodsupply.Thebook'smostfamouschapter，AFableforTomorrow，describedanamelessAmericantownwherealllife﹣fromfishtobirdstoappleblossomstohumanchildren﹣hadbeen"silenced"bytheharmfuleffectsofDDT.ThemostimportanteffectofSilentSpring，though，wasanewpublicawarenessthatnaturewassoeasilydestroyedbyhumanintervention（干預(yù)）.RachelCarsonhadmadeabraveproposal：that，attimes，technologicalprogressissobasicallyatoddswith（與…不一致）naturalprocessesthatitmustbeprevented.（1）WhatareRachelCarson'sbooksmainlyconcernedabout？A．Therelationshipbetweenmanandnature.B．Thebalanceofnaturalsystems.C．Theinterconnectionofnatureandlivingthings.D．Thepollutionoftheenvironment.（2）Accordingtothetext，SilentSpring.A．didn'tdrawthereaders'attentionwhenfirstpublishedB．mainlydescribespeople'squietlivesinanAmericantownC．effectivelytellspeoplehowtokeepthebalanceofnatureD．showedtheharmfuleffectsofDDTonnature（3）RachelCarsonthinksthatthemoreefficientwaytokillinsectsistouse.A．DDTB．humancontrolsC．biologicalcontrolsD．technicalprogress（4）ThepublicationofSilentSpringmakespeople.A．understandtheauthor'soutstandingwritingtalentB．realizetheimportanceoftechnicalprogressC．a(chǎn)wareofthenecessityofenvironmentalprotectionD．rethinktheharmfuleffectsofdevelopingindustry8．●CliffsofMoher，IrelandStretchingforfivemilesalongIreland'swesterncoast，theCliffsofMoherareasightmorethan300millionyearsinthemaking.Attheirhighest，thecliffssoaranimpressive702feetabovetheAtlanticOcean，offeringmillionsofvisitorswhovisiteachyearunbelievableviewssuretoleaveheartsracingbothfromthebeautyandtheheight.●WhiteCliffsofDover，theUKThesefamouscliffsalongEngland'ssoutheasterncoastareasrichinhistoryastheyareinbeauty.TheystandtallalongtheStraitofDover，separatingEnglandfromFranceandcontinentalEurope.DuringWorldWarⅠ，thefirstbombtohittheUKfellinDover，anditservedasanessentiallocationduringWWⅡaswell.Andnowadays，thecityisbestknownforthebeautyofitswhitecliffs.●MountThor，CanadaThenameMountThormayinspirefearorrespect﹣﹣aswellitshould，consideringthisisthesteepest，tallestcliffintheworld.MountThorreachesanastonishing4，101feetabovesealevel，andtheuttergreatnessofitsverticalinclinekeepsitfrombeingsuccessfullyclimbedupuntil1965.Today，itremainsachallengingandpopularplaceforrockclimbers.●CliffsofEtretat，F(xiàn)ranceLocatedalongFrance'sAlabasterCoast，thesecliffsoffermorethanjuststeepwalls.Climbtothetopandyou'llhaveviewsofarchedrockformations，aswellasthescenerythatinspiredthefamouspainterClaudeMonet.Atvariouspointsalongthecliffs'80﹣milestretch，youcanspotnaturalsculpturesthataresaidtoresemble（像）anelephantamongotherthings.（1）Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor？A．Tointroducesomeoftheworld'smostamazingcliffviews.B．Toadvisepeopletoclimbcliffsintheirsparetime.C．Toaskpeopletoexplorewhythecliffsaresosteep.D．Tocallonpeopletoprotectourenvironment.（2）Ifyouwanttochallengeyourselfasarockclimber，what'sthebestchoice？A．CliffsofEtretat.B．WhiteCliffsofDover.C．CliffsofMoher.D．MountThor.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A．ClaudeMonetgothisinspirationpartlyfromWhiteCliffsofDover.B．MountThorsoarsamazing702feetabovesealevel.C．VisitorstoWhiteCliffsofDoverareimpressedbytheirhistory.D．Naturalsculpturesarecommonlyseenalongmostcliffs.四．其他閱讀題型（共1小題）9．（2022春?太原期中）Havingworkedinanaturereservefor30years，HouTiguohasdevelopedaspecialability—hecantellwhatkindofbirdsarearoundsimplybytheirsinging."Icanalsotellwhethertheyarehappyorunhappy，"headdedwithabigsmile.The52﹣year﹣old'shome，Baihualing，avillageinYunnanprovince，iswell﹣knownforthediversityofbirds.Herecalled，"Inthe1970s，peopleweresopoor.Birdswereoftentargetedasfood，soalmostallthechildrenincludingmeinthevillageweregoodatusingslingshots（彈弓）."Hislifechangedin1989，whenacouplehikingthroughthemountainsvisitedBaihualing.Theyaskedhimtobetheirguideandleadthemtogoodbird﹣watchingspots.Hesaid，"ThatwasthefirsttimeIhadmademoneyfrombirdswithoutkillingthem."Inspiredbythat，thevillagersbuiltareservetofeedbirdsandprotectthehabitat（棲息地）ofbirds.Inthedecadesthatfollowed，morebird﹣watchersvisitedthevillage.Thevillagebecameapopulardestinationforbirdlovers，andmostvillagershaveturnedintobirdprotectorsandengagedinservingbird﹣lovingtourists.Inthevillage，therearemorethan60"birdguides"likeHou.Morethan20guesthouseswhichhavehostedvisitorsfrommorethan100countriesbringinatotalincomeof15millionyuaneveryyear."Duringthepeakseason，Iservenearly100touristsaday.Thankstothebirds，ourlifeisnotwhatitusedtobeanymore."Housaid，addingthathetakeshis3﹣year﹣oldgrandsonwithhimeverydaytofeedbirdsandteacheshimtoloveandrespectthem.（1）WhatwasthelifeinBaihualinlikeinthe1970s？（2）WhendidHoubegintochangehislife？（3）Whatisthejobformostvillagersnow？（4）WhydoesHoutakehis3﹣year﹣oldgrandsonwithhimeveryday？五．書面表達(dá)（共1小題）10．（2023春?東昌府區(qū)校級(jí)月考）將下列句子連成一篇80詞左右英語的短文。（1）暑假即將來臨，我打算去云南旅游，香格里拉（Shangri﹣la）是我的第一個(gè)旅游目的地；（2）一想到云南美麗的風(fēng)景，我都有些迫不及待地想要立即出發(fā)；（3）香格里拉被稱為"人間天堂（HeavenonEarth）"。綠色的草原上點(diǎn)綴著成群的牛羊和馬兒，周邊的森林則是鳥類和動(dòng)物的家園。白雪皚皚的山頂構(gòu)成了一幅美麗的圖畫，美的讓你無法用語言形容；（4）在這個(gè)天堂一樣的世界里，人們和大自然和諧相處，使得他們完全忘卻了外面的世界；（5）我多么盼望能盡快看到這些美麗的風(fēng)景啊!_______________

2024-2025學(xué)年外研社版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（一）參考答案與試題解析題號(hào)12345答案DCACB一．選擇題（共5小題）1．Pleasegetsomeone______thewashingmachine.Iwanttogetit______assoonaspossible.（）A．torepair；toberepaired B．repair；repaired C．torepair；repairing D．torepair；repaired【答案】D【分析】請(qǐng)讓人修理洗衣機(jī)。我想要讓它盡快被修好?！窘獯稹烤渥涌疾閯?dòng)詞短語getsb.todosth.讓某人干某事；getsth.done使某事被做；第一空由someone可知使用不定式torepair；第二空repair與賓語it構(gòu)成被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，因此使用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式。故選：D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查不定式的用法，注意分析句子的成分，還應(yīng)注意固定搭配。2．Classicliteratureandartsarenotonlywhatusedtobepopularbutwhatlastandthroughmanygenerations．（）A．struggle B．fade C．survive D．repeat【答案】C【分析】經(jīng)典文學(xué)和藝術(shù)不僅是在過去流行而且會(huì)在經(jīng)歷很多代之后仍然能夠存留下來．【解答】解析：A：掙扎；奮斗；B：消退；退去；C：生存；幸存；D：重復(fù)．根據(jù)句意"經(jīng)典文學(xué)和藝術(shù)不僅是在過去流行而且會(huì)在經(jīng)歷很多代之后仍然能夠存留下來．"及所給選項(xiàng)分析可知，本題答案為C選項(xiàng)；其余選項(xiàng)均不符合題意．故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查動(dòng)詞的辨析，做此類題目時(shí)一定要先弄清楚各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義及用法；再結(jié)合句意及其它要求確定最終答案．3．Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman___________anelectricfanintheofficeroomtomorrow.（）A．install B．toinstall C．tobeinstalled D．installed【答案】A【分析】他們打算讓維修人員明天在辦公室里裝一臺(tái)電風(fēng)扇?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)句意及分析句子可知，該句使用了固定搭配"havesbdosth"意思是"讓/請(qǐng)某人做某事"，dosth是省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，作賓語補(bǔ)足語。install與邏輯主語theserviceman是主謂關(guān)系，所以要用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)態(tài)。故選：A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】熟練掌握動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。4．（2015?和平區(qū)二模）﹣﹣﹣DoyouthinkIshouldjointhesinginggroup，Mary？﹣﹣﹣______IfIwereinyourshoes，Icertainlywould．（）A．Noneofyourbusiness B．Itdepends． C．Whynot？ D．Idon'tthinkso．【答案】C【分析】句意：﹣﹣﹣你認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該參加合唱隊(duì)嗎，瑪麗？﹣﹣﹣為什么不呢？我要是處在你的位置，我就會(huì)參加．【解答】答案C．A項(xiàng)"不關(guān)你的事"；B項(xiàng)"視情況而定"；D項(xiàng)"我認(rèn)為不是這樣"；C項(xiàng)"為什么不呢？"表示同意或贊同；根據(jù)句中"IfIwereinyourshoes，Icertainlywould"可知，說話者贊同對(duì)方參加合唱隊(duì)，為什么不參加（合唱隊(duì)）呢？因此C項(xiàng)符合語境．故選：C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查情景交際．解答此類題目首先應(yīng)該讀懂句意，分析上下文語境和邏輯關(guān)系．其次對(duì)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的交際用語的適用情況要掌握，根據(jù)語境鎖定正確答案．關(guān)鍵平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中要對(duì)交際用語多積累多總結(jié)反復(fù)記憶．5．IwilldoingwhatisrightandIwillnotchangemymind!（）A．stickto B．insiston C．holdon D．puton【答案】B【分析】我將堅(jiān)持做正確的事，我不會(huì)改變我的想法?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)句意"我將堅(jiān)持做正確的事，我不會(huì)改變我的想法。"可知，該空處表達(dá)的意思是"堅(jiān)持"。stickto"堅(jiān)持"insiston"堅(jiān)持"；holdon"等一等"；puton"穿上"。要注意stickto與insiston的區(qū)別：stickto后接名詞，表示始終如一堅(jiān)持某人的觀點(diǎn)、決定、目的、計(jì)劃等，含有不灰心、不半途而廢之意。insiston指堅(jiān)持自己的意見和想法，含有反對(duì)不同意見，堅(jiān)持做某事的意思。該空表示"堅(jiān)持做某事"，所以選B。故選：B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】學(xué)生平時(shí)要多記憶詞匯及短語，明確用法，區(qū)別不同的意思，才能夠準(zhǔn)確作答。二．完形填空（共1小題）6．（2023秋?龍華區(qū)校級(jí)期中）Polturanstraighttohisstudytable.There，inanemptybottle，wasthetreasure，acolourfulbutterfly，oncekeepingflyingawayfromhis（1）C.Butnowitwasgoingtobepartofhisbiologyprojectinschool.Poltulovedthedifferent（2）Aonthewings.Hehadmadeafewholesonthecapofthebottletoletairpass（3）D.Hedressedhurriedly，（4）Cschooland（5）Bthebottleonthewindowsill.Thatday'sbiologyclasswasthemostinteresting!Poltu'steacherwashappywithhis（6）Aandaskedeveryonetothankhim.Onthewaybackhome，thebutterflystillfluttereditswings（7）D.WhateversmallcreaturePoltucameacross，hefeltlikeputtingintothebottle.Buthe（8）Ahimselfashewantedtogivebreathingspacetohisbutterfly.Wakinguparoundmidnightsuddenly，helightly（9）Cthebottle.Thebutterflydidnotmove.Heshookthebottlesomemore，butstillno（10）A.Hepouredalittlewater.Thewaterseemedtohelpasthebutterfly（11）Dalittle.Poltuheavedasighof（12）C.AfterawhilePoltuquicklyopenedthebottleandgaveita（13）Bshake.ToPoltu，thetinynoiseoftheflutteringwingswas（14）D.Hesatstaringattheemptybottle，buthewashappythathehadsentthebutterflybacktowhereit（15）B﹣nature.（1）A．senseB．a(chǎn)bilityC．graspD．view（2）A．coloursB．spotsC．shapesD．lines（3）A．pastB．a(chǎn)crossC．overD．through（4）A．calledonB．leftoffC．leftforD．droppedin（5）A．a(chǎn)bandonedB．placedC．threwD．pulled（6）A．creationB．conditionC．intentionD．expectation（7）A．changeablyB．reasonablyC．weaklyD．energetically（8）A．controlledB．seizedC．managedD．hid（9）A．kickedB．embracedC．pattedD．beat（10）A．responseB．a(chǎn)ppearanceC．symptomD．signal（11）A．climbedB．jumpedC．turnedD．trembled（12）A．regretB．shockC．reliefD．depression（13）A．violentB．gentleC．suddenD．natural（14）A．terribleB．unbelievableC．confusingD．musical（15）A．disappearedB．belongedC．survivedD．died【答案】（1）﹣（5）CADCB（6）﹣（10）ADACA（11）﹣（15）DCBDB【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。短文主要寫了Poltu捕捉了一只漂亮的彩蝶，把它放在瓶子里作為生物學(xué)課程的一部分。他在瓶蓋上做了幾個(gè)小孔，讓空氣通過。在學(xué)校的生物課上，老師對(duì)他的表現(xiàn)很滿意?；丶业穆飞?，他一直小心翼翼地保護(hù)著蝴蝶。半夜醒來后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)蝴蝶沒有動(dòng)靜，經(jīng)過一番努力后，他成功地將蝴蝶釋放到大自然中?！窘獯稹浚?）考查名詞及語境理解。A.sense感覺；B.ability能力；C.grasp緊握；D.view觀點(diǎn)。句意：在那里，在一個(gè)空瓶子里，是寶藏，一個(gè)彩色的蝴蝶，一度從他緊握的手中飛走了。根據(jù)上文"oncekeepingflyingawayfrom"可知，蝴蝶在一度從Poltu緊握的手中飛走。故選C。（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.colours顏色；B.spots地點(diǎn)；C.shapes形狀；D.lines線。句意：Poltu喜歡翅膀上不同的顏色。根據(jù)上文"acolourfulbutterfly，"可知，這是一只彩色的蝴蝶，所以Poltu喜歡蝴蝶翅膀上不同的顏色。故選A。（3）考查介詞及語境理解。A.past經(jīng)過；B.across穿過；C.over遍及；D.through通過。passthrough穿過，透過。句意：他在瓶蓋上鑿了幾個(gè)洞，好讓空氣通過。根據(jù)上文"Hehadmadeafewholesonthecapofthebottle"可知，Poltu在瓶蓋上鑿洞是為了讓瓶子透氣。故選D。（4）考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.calledon號(hào)召；B.leftoff中斷；C.leftfor出發(fā)去；D.droppedin順便走訪。句意：他匆忙穿好衣服，去學(xué)校，把瓶子放在窗臺(tái)上。根據(jù)上文"Hedressedhurriedly，"可知，Poltu匆忙穿好衣服，出發(fā)去學(xué)校。故選C。（5）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.abandoned拋棄；B.placed放置；C.threw扔；D.pulled拉。句意：他匆忙穿好衣服，去學(xué)校，把瓶子放在窗臺(tái)上。根據(jù)下文"thebottleonthewindowsill."可知，Poltu把裝有蝴蝶的瓶子放在教室的窗臺(tái)上。故選B。（6）考查名詞及語境理解。A.creation創(chuàng)作；B.condition狀況；C.intention打算；D.expectation期望。句意：Poltu的老師對(duì)他的創(chuàng)作很滿意，并請(qǐng)大家感謝他。根據(jù)上文"Butnowitwasgoingtobepartofhisbiologyprojectinschool."和下文"andaskedeveryonetothankhim."可知，老師對(duì)Poltu的創(chuàng)作很滿意。故選A。（7）考查副詞及語境理解。A.changeably易變地；B.reasonably合理地；C.weakly虛弱地；D.energetically精力充沛地。句意：在回家的路上，蝴蝶仍然精力充沛地拍打著翅膀。根據(jù)上文"thebutterflystillfluttereditswings"可知，蝴蝶精力充沛地拍打著翅膀。故選D。（8）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.controlled控制；B.seized抓取；C.managed管理；D.hid隱藏。句意：但他控制住了自己，因?yàn)樗虢o他的蝴蝶喘息的空間。根據(jù)下文"ashewantedtogivebreathingspacetohisbutterfly."可知，Poltu學(xué)會(huì)了自我控制。故選A。（9）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.kicked踢；B.embraced擁抱；C.patted輕怕；D.beat打。句意：半夜左右，他突然醒來，輕輕地拍了拍瓶子。根據(jù)下文"Heshookthebottlesomemore，butstillno（10）."可知，Poltu輕輕地拍了拍瓶子，看蝴蝶是否在動(dòng)。故選C。（10）考查名詞及語境理解。A.response反應(yīng)；B.appearance外表；C.symptom癥狀；D.signal信號(hào)。句意：他又搖了搖瓶子，但還是沒有反應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文"Heshookthebottlesomemore，"可知，瓶子中的沒有反應(yīng)。故選A。（11）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.climbed爬；B.jumped跳；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)身；D.trembled顫抖。句意：當(dāng)蝴蝶微微顫抖時(shí)，水似乎幫了大忙。根據(jù)上文"Thewaterseemedtohelp"可知，Poltu倒入一點(diǎn)水，蝴蝶開始微微顫抖。故選D。（12）考查名詞及語境理解。A.regret遺憾；B.shock震驚；C.relief欣慰；D.depression沮喪。heaveasighofrelief松一口氣。句意：Poltu松了一口氣。根據(jù)上文"Thewaterseemedtohelpasthebutterfly（11）alittle."可知，Poltu看到蝴蝶動(dòng)了，松了一口氣。故選C。（13）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.violent猛烈的；B.gentle輕輕的；C.sudden突然的；D.natural自然的。句意：過了一會(huì)兒，Poltu迅速打開瓶子，輕輕地?fù)u了搖。根據(jù)上文"AfterawhilePoltuquicklyopenedthebottle"可知，Poltu輕輕地?fù)u了搖瓶子。故選B。（14）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.terrible可怕的；B.unbelievable難以置信的；C.confusing使人困惑的；D.musical音樂的，悅耳的。句意：對(duì)Poltu來說，扇動(dòng)翅膀發(fā)出的微小聲音是悅耳的。根據(jù)上文"Poltuheavedasighof（12）."可知，Poltu知道蝴蝶還活著，所以蝴蝶扇動(dòng)翅膀發(fā)出的微小聲音是悅耳的。故選D。（15）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.disappeared消失；B.belonged屬于；C.survived幸存；D.died死。句意：他坐在那里盯著空瓶子，但他很高興他把蝴蝶送回了屬于它的地方——大自然。根據(jù)下文"nature"可知，Poltu把蝴蝶送回了屬于它的大自然。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】完形填空考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。做題時(shí)，要先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，仔細(xì)閱讀文章，選擇最適合語境的詞，注意上下文的呼應(yīng)和語境。三．閱讀理解（共2小題）7．RachelCarson，awell﹣knownnatureauthorinAmerica，washappiestwritingaboutthestrengthandstabilityofnaturalsystems.Herbooksmainlydescribedtheinterconnectednessofnatureandalllivingthings.CompletingSilentSpringtookCarsonfouryears.FirstpublishedinTheNewYorkerinJune1962，thebookalarmedreadersacrossAmerica.ItdescribedhowDDTenteredthefoodchainandaccumulated（堆積）inthefattytissuesofanimals，includinghumanbeings，andcausedcancerandgeneticdamage.Carsonbeginsbydescribingexactlytheseeffectsinthefirstchapter，creatingstrongimagesanddrawingthereadersin.Asthebookcontinues，shegivesvariousexamplesofhowinsecticides（殺蟲劑）arenotonlyunsuccessful，butactuallyverycostlyanddamaging.Shealsoexplainsaboutthebiologicalcontrolswhicharelessexpensiveandmuchmoreefficient.Asingleapplicationonacrop，shewrote，killedinsectsforweeksandmonths，andnotonlythetargetedinsectsbutcountlessmore，andremainedpoisonousintheenvironmentevenafteritwaswashedoutbyrainwater.CarsonconcludedthatDDTandotherpesticideshaddefinitelyharmedbirdsandanimalsandhaddestroyedtheentireworld'sfoodsupply.Thebook'smostfamouschapter，AFableforTomorrow，describedanamelessAmericantownwherealllife﹣fromfishtobirdstoappleblossomstohumanchildren﹣hadbeen"silenced"bytheharmfuleffectsofDDT.ThemostimportanteffectofSilentSpring，though，wasanewpublicawarenessthatnaturewassoeasilydestroyedbyhumanintervention（干預(yù)）.RachelCarsonhadmadeabraveproposal：that，attimes，technologicalprogressissobasicallyatoddswith（與…不一致）naturalprocessesthatitmustbeprevented.（1）WhatareRachelCarson'sbooksmainlyconcernedabout？CA．Therelationshipbetweenmanandnature.B．Thebalanceofnaturalsystems.C．Theinterconnectionofnatureandlivingthings.D．Thepollutionoftheenvironment.（2）Accordingtothetext，SilentSpringD.A．didn'tdrawthereaders'attentionwhenfirstpublishedB．mainlydescribespeople'squietlivesinanAmericantownC．effectivelytellspeoplehowtokeepthebalanceofnatureD．showedtheharmfuleffectsofDDTonnature（3）RachelCarsonthinksthatthemoreefficientwaytokillinsectsistouseC.A．DDTB．humancontrolsC．biologicalcontrolsD．technicalprogress（4）ThepublicationofSilentSpringmakespeopleC.A．understandtheauthor'soutstandingwritingtalentB．realizetheimportanceoftechnicalprogressC．a(chǎn)wareofthenecessityofenvironmentalprotectionD．rethinktheharmfuleffectsofdevelopingindustry【答案】CDCC【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了《寂靜的春天》這本書的大體內(nèi)容，涉及有關(guān)人類和自然之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系?！窘獯稹浚?）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Herbooksmainlydescribedtheinterconnectednessofnatureandalllivingthings.（她的書主要描述了大自然與所有生物的相互聯(lián)系。）可知，RachelCarson的書主要關(guān)注自然與生物的相互聯(lián)系。故選C。（2）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的ItdescribedhowDDTenteredthefoodchainandaccumulated（堆積）inthefattytissuesofanimals，includinghumanbeings，andcausedcancerandgeneticdamage.（它描述了DDT是如何進(jìn)入食物鏈并在動(dòng)物（包括人類）的脂肪組織中積累的，并導(dǎo)致癌癥和基因損傷。）可知，SilentSpring顯示了DDT對(duì)自然的有害影響。故選D。（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Shealsoexplainsaboutthebiologicalcontrolswhicharelessexpensiveandmuchmoreefficient.（她還解釋了成本更低、效率更高的生物控制措施。）可知，RachelCarson認(rèn)為，殺死昆蟲更有效的方法是使用生物防治。故選C。（4）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段ThemostimportanteffectofSilentSpring，though，wasanewpublicawarenessthatnaturewassoeasilydestroyedbyhumanintervention（干預(yù)）.RachelCarsonhadmadeabraveproposal：that，attimes，technologicalprogressissobasicallyatoddswith（與…不一致）naturalprocessesthatitmustbeprevented.（然而，《寂靜的春天》最重要的影響是，公眾重新認(rèn)識(shí)到自然很容易被人類的干預(yù)所破壞。雷切爾?卡森（RachelCarson）提出了一個(gè)勇敢的建議：有時(shí)，技術(shù)進(jìn)步與自然過程根本不一致，必須加以阻止。）可知，《寂靜的春天》的出版讓人們意識(shí)到了環(huán)保的重要性。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。8．●CliffsofMoher，IrelandStretchingforfivemilesalongIreland'swesterncoast，theCliffsofMoherareasightmorethan300millionyearsinthemaking.Attheirhighest，thecliffssoaranimpressive702feetabovetheAtlanticOcean，offeringmillionsofvisitorswhovisiteachyearunbelievableviewssuretoleaveheartsracingbothfromthebeautyandtheheight.●WhiteCliffsofDover，theUKThesefamouscliffsalongEngland'ssoutheasterncoastareasrichinhistoryastheyareinbeauty.TheystandtallalongtheStraitofDover，separatingEnglandfromFranceandcontinentalEurope.DuringWorldWarⅠ，thefirstbombtohittheUKfellinDover，anditservedasanessentiallocationduringWWⅡaswell.Andnowadays，thecityisbestknownforthebeautyofitswhitecliffs.●MountThor，CanadaThenameMountThormayinspirefearorrespect﹣﹣aswellitshould，consideringthisisthesteepest，tallestcliffintheworld.MountThorreachesanastonishing4，101feetabovesealevel，andtheuttergreatnessofitsverticalinclinekeepsitfrombeingsuccessfullyclimbedupuntil1965.Today，itremainsachallengingandpopularplaceforrockclimbers.●CliffsofEtretat，F(xiàn)ranceLocatedalongFrance'sAlabasterCoast，thesecliffsoffermorethanjuststeepwalls.Climbtothetopandyou'llhaveviewsofarchedrockformations，aswellasthescenerythatinspiredthefamouspainterClaudeMonet.Atvariouspointsalongthecliffs'80﹣milestretch，youcanspotnaturalsculpturesthataresaidtoresemble（像）anelephantamongotherthings.（1）Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor？AA．Tointroducesomeoftheworld'smostamazingcliffviews.B．Toadvisepeopletoclimbcliffsintheirsparetime.C．Toaskpeopletoexplorewhythecliffsaresosteep.D．Tocallonpeopletoprotectourenvironment.（2）Ifyouwanttochallengeyourselfasarockclimber，what'sthebestchoice？DA．CliffsofEtretat.B．WhiteCliffsofDover.C．CliffsofMoher.D．MountThor.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？CA．ClaudeMonetgothisinspirationpartlyfromWhiteCliffsofDover.B．MountThorsoarsamazing702feetabovesealevel.C．VisitorstoWhiteCliffsofDoverareimpressedbytheirhistory.D．Naturalsculpturesarecommonlyseenalongmostcliffs.【答案】ADC【分析】本文主要講述各國(guó)那些令人驚嘆的懸崖峭壁?！窘獯稹浚?）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)四個(gè)標(biāo)題"●CliffsofMoher，Ireland●愛爾蘭莫爾懸崖"；"●WhiteCliffsofDover，theUK●英國(guó)多佛的白色懸崖"；"●MountThor，Canada●加拿大托爾山"；"●CliffsofEtretat，F(xiàn)rance●法國(guó)埃特萊特懸崖。"可知是介紹各國(guó)令人吃驚的懸崖峭壁，故選A.（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountThor，Canada中提到Today，itremainsachallengingandpopularplaceforrockclimbers.今天這里對(duì)于攀巖的人來說仍然是最有挑戰(zhàn)性和最受歡迎的地方，可知如果你想挑戰(zhàn)自己作為一個(gè)攀巖者，最好的選擇是MountThor.故選D.（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)WhiteCliffsofDover，UK中提到ThesefamouscliffsalongEngland'ssouth﹣easterncoastareasrichinhistoryastheyareinbeauty英格蘭東南海岸的這些著名懸崖，歷史悠久，景色優(yōu)美?？芍@個(gè)地方有豐富的歷史和漂亮的懸崖，故給游客留下深刻印象，故選C.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。四．其他閱讀題型（共1小題）9．（2022春?太原期中）Havingworkedinanaturereservefor30years，HouTiguohasdevelopedaspecialability—hecantellwhatkindofbirdsarearoundsimplybytheirsinging."Icanalsotellwhethertheyarehappyorunhappy，"headdedwithabigsmile.The52﹣year﹣old'shome，Baihualing，avillageinYunnanprovince，iswell﹣knownforthediversityofbirds.Herecalled，"Inthe1970s，peopleweresopoor.Birdswereoftentargetedasfood，soalmostallthechildrenincludingmeinthevillageweregoodatusingslingshots（彈弓）."Hislifechangedin1989，whenacouplehikingthroughthemountainsvisitedBaihualing.Theyaskedhimtobetheirguideandleadthemtogoodbird﹣watchingspots.Hesaid，"ThatwasthefirsttimeIhadmademoneyfrombirdswithoutkillingthem."Inspiredbythat，thevillagersbuiltareservetofeedbirdsandprotectthehabitat（棲息地）ofbirds.Inthedecadesthatfollowed，morebird﹣watchersvisitedthevillage.Thevillagebecameapopulardestinationforbirdlovers，andmostvillagershaveturnedintobirdprotectorsandengagedinservingbird﹣lovingtourists.Inthevillage，therearemorethan60"birdguides"likeHou.Morethan20guesthouseswhichhavehostedvisitorsfrommorethan100countriesbringinatotalincomeof15millionyuaneveryyear."Duringthepeakseason，Iservenearly100touristsaday.Thankstothebirds，ourlifeisnotwhatitusedtobeanymore."Housaid，addingthathetakeshis3﹣year﹣oldgrandsonwithhimeverydaytofeedbirdsandteacheshimtoloveandrespectthem.（1）WhatwasthelifeinBaihualinlikeinthe1970s？Inthe1970s，peopleweresopoorandbirdswereoftentargetedasfood.（2）WhendidHoubegintochangehislife？In1989.（3）Whatisthejobformostvillagersnow？Birdprotectors.（4）WhydoesHoutakehis3﹣year﹣oldgrandsonwithhimeveryday？Houtakeshis3﹣year﹣oldgrandsonwithhimeverydaytofeedbirdsandteacheshimtoloveandrespectthem.【答案】（1）Inthe1970s，peopleweresopoorandbirdswereoftentargetedasfood.（2）In1989.（3）Birdprotectors.（4）Houtakeshis3﹣year﹣oldgrandsonwithhimeverydaytofeedbirdsandteacheshimtoloveandrespectthem.【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了候體國(guó)將百花嶺的人們從"打鳥人"變成"護(hù)鳥人"的故事?！窘獯稹浚?）Inthe1970s，peopleweresopoorandbirdswereoftentargetedasfood.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段Herecalled，"Inthe1970s，peopleweresopoor.Birdswereoftentargetedasfood，soalmostallthechildrenincludingmeinthevillageweregoodatusingslingshots（彈弓）."他回憶道："在20世紀(jì)70年代，人們非常貧窮。鳥類經(jīng)常成為食物的目標(biāo)，所以村里幾乎所有的孩子，包括我在內(nèi)，都擅長(zhǎng)使用彈弓。"可知，在20世紀(jì)70年代，百花嶺的人們很窮，并且鳥類經(jīng)常被當(dāng)作食物。故填I(lǐng)nthe1970s，peopleweresopoorandbirdswereoftentargetedasfood.（2）In1989.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段Hislifechangedin1989，whenacouplehikingthroughthemountainsvisitedBaihualing.1989年，一對(duì)夫婦徒步穿越群山來到百花嶺，他的生活發(fā)生了改變?？芍?，侯生活在1989年發(fā)生變化。故填I(lǐng)n1989.（3）Birdprotectors.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段Thevillagebecameapopulardest