專業(yè)英語四級模擬試卷296(題后含答案及解析)

專業(yè)英語四級模擬試卷296(題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.DICTATION2.LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION3.CLOZE4.GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY5.READINGCOMPREHENSION6.WRITINGPARTIDICTATION(15MIN)Directions:Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbereadatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbereadatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven2minute1．正確答案：TheJobofaJournalistJournalistsworkinmanyareasoflife,findingandpresentinginformation./Theypresentthatinformation/asnewstotheaudiencesofnewspapers,magazines,televisionstationsortheInternet./Withinthesedifferentmedia,therearespecialisttasksforjournalists./Inlargeorganizations,thejournalistsmayspecializeinonlyonetask./Insmallorganizations,theymayhavetodomanydifferenttasks,/Herearesomeofthejobsjournalistsdo./Reportersgatherinformationandpresentitinnewsstories,featurearticlesordocumentaries./Photojournalistsusephotographstotellthenews./Theeditorisusuallythepersonwhomakesthefinaldecisionaboutwhatisincludedinthenewspaper,magazineornewsbulletins./Featurewriterswritelongerstorieswhichusuallygivebackgroundtothenews./Specialistwritersproducepersonalcommentarycolumns/orreviewsofthingssuchasbooks,films,artorperformances./Therearemanyotherjobswhichcanbedonebyjournalists./Itisacareerwithmanyopportunities.PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(20MIN)Directions:InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyouranswersheet.SECTIONACONVERSATIONSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.聽力原文：M:Hi,Emily,howwasyourvacation?W:Itwasenjoyable.ButIamstilllookingforwardtothebeginningofthenewsemesterand1misstheclubactivities.M:Oh,really?Tellmewhatkindofclubsyouliketodothisyear.W:(1)Well,I’vealwayslovedsinging,butIcouldn’tgetintothesingingclubslastyear.M:(1)Iknow,theycanbeprettycompetitive.Butiftheydon’tacceptyou,youshouldstartanacappellagroup!W:Acappellagroup?Whatisanacappellagroup?M:Oh,theword“acappella”meanssingingwithoutanyinstruments.I’msurelotsofpeoplewouldwanttojoin.W:Doyouthinkit’shardtostartaclub?M:Idon’tthinkit’sveryhard.Youshouldtalktothestudentlifeofficials.(2)Ithinkyoujusthavetofindaprofessortosponsoryou.W:That’sall?That’sreallyeasy.IthinkI’lldothat.Whataboutyou,Eric?Whatkindofclubsandactivitiesdoyoudooutsideofclass?M:Personally,Idon’thavetimeforclubs.W:Whynot?DoyouhavetostudyveryhardforthethreeEnglishclassesyoutake?M:(3)Actually,I’mbusybecauseIhaveapart-timejob.Iworkatarestaurantbartendingandservingfood.W:Isee.Hopethemoneyisgood.M:ThetipsaregreatandImeetalotoffunpeople.Ihopeyoucanstartyourownclub.W:SodoI.Wishmegoodluck.2．Whydidn’tthewomanjoinasingingclublastyear?A．Becauseshewastoobusystudying.B．Becauseshejoinedotherclubs.C．Becauseitwastoocompetitive.D．Becauseshestartedaclubofherown.正確答案：C3．Whatisnecessarytostartaclub?A．Findingalotofpeopletojointheclub.B．Gettingthepermissionfromthestudentlifeoffice.C．Havingaprofessortobethesponsor.D．Proofofnotbeingabletojoinotherclubs.正確答案：C4．WhatisEricbusydoingoutsidehisclass?A．StudyinghardtopassEnglishexams.B．Workingpart-timeatarestaurant.C．Providingusefultipsforhisclub.D．Havingfunatdifferentparties.正確答案：B聽力原文：M:HiJessica.Howareyoufeelingtoday?W:Abitbetter.M:That’sgoodtohear.Areyoustillfeelingnauseous?W:No,Ihaven’tfeltsicktomystomachsinceyouswitchedmymedication.M:Great.(4)Say,yourtestresultscameinthismorning.W:It’sabouttime.Isitgoodnewsorbad?M:Iguessit’sabitofboth.Whichdoyouwantfirst?W:Let’sgetthebadnewsoverwith.M:Okay.Itlookslikeyou’regoingtoneedsurgerytoremovethetumorfromyourleg.(5)Aftertheoperationyou’regoingtohavetostayoffyourfeetforatleastthreeweeks.Thatmeansnosoccer.W:Iwasafraidyouweregoingtosaythat.M:Nowforthegoodnews.Itshowsthatthetumorisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanywayjusttobeonthesafeside.W:(6)Wow,that’saloadoffmymind.Thanks,doctor.M:Don’tgettooexcited.Westillneedtogettothebottomofallofthisweightloss.W:I’veprobablyjustbeensoworriedaboutthisstupidlump.M:Thesethingsareoftenstressrelated,butwe’restillgoingtodoafewbloodtestsjusttoruleafewthingsout.W:Oh,Isee.ButtheresultisalreadybetterthanIexpected.Thankyouforgivingmethegoodnews.M:You’rewelcome.5．WhatdoesthedoctorgiveJessicaonthedayoftheirmeeting?A．Somemedicineforherstomach.B．Treatmentofherleg.C．Consultationofhernausea.D．Testresultsofhertumor.正確答案：D6．What’sthebadnewsmentionedintheconversation?A．Jessica’sleghastoberemovedsoon.B．Jessicahastogothroughanoperation.C．Jessica’stumorisfoundtobecancerous.D．Jessicahastobeinhospitalfor3weeks.正確答案：B7．Attheendofthemeeting,JessicamayfeelA．relieved.B．thrilled.C．joyful.D．sorrowful.正確答案：A聽力原文：M:Hey,Susan,thisisTom.Howarethingsattheoffice?W:Oh,hi,boss.Thingsarefine.But...aren’tyousupposedtobeonaplanerightnow?(4)Ibookedyoua9:30flightoutofHungKong.M:Um...yeah.Ishouldbewatchingthein-flightmovienow,butallflightsaregrounded.W:Grounded?Oh...isitduetothathurricane?M:Well,(4)inAsiatheycallthemtyphoons,andthat’sthereason.Thistyphoonhasshutdownairtrafficacrosstheregion.W:Wow...thatsoundslikeanastystorm.Isithowlingoutsiderightnow?M:It’sactuallynottoobad...thereissomerainandwind,butwemightbeintheeyeofthestormrightnow.W:Sowhat’stheplan?Whencanyougetaflightout?M:(4)Theairlinesaystheyarecautiouslyoptimisticthatwewillbeabletotakeoffinacouplemorehours.Fornowthey’reaskingeveryonejusttowaitfortheweathertolift.W:Thatsoundsfrustrating.M:Yeah,itis.(5)I’vebeenhereforfourhoursandIamgettingabitexhausted.W:IsthereanythingIcandoforyoufromhere?M:Actually,(6)(7)canyoucallMr.TanginSingaporeandtellhimImightnotmakeittotheconferenceinBerlintomorrow?W:Sure.Iwillcallhimatonce.M:Thanks.8．Thefollowingdetailsaretrueabouttheman’sflightEXCEPTA．it’ssupposedtotakeoffat9:30.B．itwillflyagaininanhour.C．it’sgroundedbecauseofthetyphoon.D．itwillflyoutofAsia.正確答案：B9．Howlonghasthemanstayedthereaccordingtotheconversation?A．3hours.B．4hours.C．5hours.D．6hours.正確答案：B10．Whereistomorrow’sconferencetobeheldaccordingtotheconversation?A．HongKong.B．Singapore.C．Berlin.D．NewYork.正確答案：C11．Whatwillthewomandoaftertheconversation?A．TocallMr.Tangnottoattendtomorrow’sconference.B．ToinformMr.Tangshewon’tattendtomorrow’sconference.C．ToinformMr.Tangthemanwon’tattendtomorrow’sconference.D．TocallMr.Tangtocanceltomorrow’sconference.正確答案：CSECTIONBPASSAGESDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.聽力原文：(11)Lightningbugsareonespecialspeciesinnature,theyhaveownfeatureintheabdomenoftheirbodies,inwhichthereisachemicalsubstance.Andtheycanlightthemupandcontrolwhentheyblinkandhowlongtheyblink.(12)Butwhylightningbugslightup?Thefollowingreasonsmayaccountforthis.Theyarebasicallytofindamate.It’sawaythatlightningbugscommunicatewitheachother.Theyusetheirblinkingsignalstoattracteachother.(13)Thefemalelightningbugshavebrighterandstrongerlight,becausetheyaretheoneswhoaretryingtoattractmalestothem.(12)Anddifferentspeciesoflightningbugshavedifferentpatternsofflashinglighttoattracttheirownspecies.Forexample,iftherearefivedifferentspeciesoflightningbugsallinthesamefield,theycantellwhoistheirsamespeciesandwhoisnot.(12)Onothercondition,lightningbugslightupwhentheyseetheirenemies.Theyaimtofrightenandwarntheenemiesbydoingthis.Someresearchersoncemadeexperimentsonmicein1997;theyconfirmthatlightgivenoffbylightningbugsplaysawarningroleonmice.Thisresultofresearchisbeyondpeople’sexpectation.12．LightningbugscanblinkthemselvesbecauseofachemicalsubstanceA．inthehead.B．inthetail.C．intheabdomen.D．inthewing.正確答案：C13．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutlightningbugsisINCORRECT?A．Theyuseblinkingsignalstocommunicate.B．Theyuseblinkingsignalstoseekforfood.C．Theyuseblinkingsignalstoattracttheirownspecies.D．Theyuseblinkingsignalstofrightenandwarnenemies.正確答案：B14．Whydofemalelightningbugshavebrighterandstrongerlightthanmalelightningbugs?A．Becausetheyhavedifferentphysicalconstruction.B．Becausetheyaremoreoffensivethanmalelightningbugs.C．Becausetheywanttofrightentheirenemies.D．Becausetheytrytoattractmalestothem.正確答案：D聽力原文：(18)Apollof2,000customersfindsthataround70,217.28dollarsoveranlifetimeofatypicaladultwillbewastedpurelytosatisfytheoverwhelmingurgetoshop.(19)Food,beerandDVDsarethemostcommonattractionformaleswhileclothes,magazinesandwinetopinthelistforfemalesalongwithbooks,shoesandmakeup.Thestudyfindthattriggerssuchasreceivingbirthdaymoney,comingintoanunexpectedacquisitionsuchascashfromtheprofitofacompanyorasmallwinonthelotteryoftenresultinspuroftheimpulsivepurchase.Moreoverresearchhasrevealedthatmodernmenspendmoremoneyonimpulsivebuythanwomendo.(20)Menregularlyshelloutanaverageof25dollarsonitemswhichtheybuybyimpulsivestimulationperweek,whilewomenspendcloseto19dollarsonimpulsiveitemsperweek.(18)OneofresearchersEmilyStagsaysthat:“twentypoundsaweekmightnotseemalot,butitcanadduptoahugeamountoveralifetime”.Althoughgeneralagreementsuggeststhatconsumersshouldtrytosaveeverydollarourresearchshowsthatwestillliketotreatourselvesorourlovedones.15．WecanlearnfromtheresultofthepollthatcustomersspendA．lessmoneyonluxurythannecessity.B．a(chǎn)littlemoneyonimpulsiveshopping.C．excessivemoneytosatisfyimpulsiveshopping.D．moderatemoneyonimpulsiveshopping.正確答案：C16．WhichofthefollowinggoodsisNOTthemostcommonattractionforfemales?A．Wine.B．Clothes.C．Books.D．Food.正確答案：D17．Howmuchmoneydowomenandmenrespectivelyspendonimpulsiveitemsperweek?A．25dollars;19dollars.B．20dollars;19dollars.C．19dollars;25dollars.D．19dollars;20dollars.正確答案：C聽力原文：TodaywewilltalkaboutJamesBrown,themusiciancalled“TheGodfatherofSoul.“(14)JamesBrownwasbornin1933inaone-roomhousenearBarnwell,SouthCarolina.Hisfather,JoeBrown,hadajobremovingfluidsfrompinetreesinthesurroundingwoods.Theboy’smotherleftthefamilywhenhewassevenyearsold.JamesandhisfathermovedtoAugusta,Georgia.Then,youngJamesbegantoshowhismusicaltalentsandhelearnedtoplaytheguitar,pianoanddrums.Hedidthesewhilepickingcropsinthefieldsandshiningpeople’sshoestoearnmoneytosurvive.(15)Bythetimehewasthirteen,JamesBrownhadformedhisownmusicgroup.HelaterjoinedagroupcalledtheFlames.Thebandplayedatdrinkingplaces,restaurants,collegesandotherplacesintheSouth.Theseyoungperformerscopiedthesoundsofsuccessfulrhythmandbluesgroups.(16)JamesBrownalsobecameknownas“thehardestworkingmaninshowbusiness”.Duringthe1960s,heperformedhisexcitingshowalmostnon-stopincityaftercityintheUnitedStatesandinothercountries.(17)Atthesametime,BrownworkedforcivilrightsforAfrican-Americans.In1986,JamesBrownwasoneofthefirstperformersinvitedintotheRockandRollHallofFame.Hebecameoneofthemostsuccessfulrecordingartistsinhistory.18．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJamesBrown’schildhood?A．HewasborninapoorfamilyintheUnitedStates.B．Hehelpedhisfathertoworkwhenhewas7.C．Hehadamotherwholovedhimverymuch.D．Hemovedfromplacetoplacetolearnmusic.正確答案：A19．JamesBrownhadformedhisownmusicgroupinA．1940.B．1946.C．1950D．1952正確答案：B20．Besideshismusicaltalent,his______alsohelpedtomakeJamesBrownsuccessful.A．familybackgroundB．religiousbeliefC．diligenceD．choiceofperformingplaces正確答案：C21．JamesBrownisamusicianwhotrieshardtoA．makerhythmandbluesbetterknowntotheworld.B．preservethefamousRockandRollHallofFame.C．helptheblackpeopleintheUnitedStates.D．makeasmanyrecordsaspossible.正確答案：C聽力原文：(21)ArecentterroroperationinvolvingparcelbombsonUPSandFedExflightscostjust$4,200,accordingtoareportinamagazinethatanalystssayispublishedbyalQaeda’sbranchinYemen.ThearticlereportsalQaedaintheArabianPeninsula’sclaimofresponsibilityfortheOctoberplottoshipbombsdisguisedasprintercomponentsoncargoplanes.(22)ThemagazinealsoreportsacontroversialclaimofresponsibilityfortheSeptember3crashofaUPSflightinDubai,UnitedArabEmirates,whichkilledthetwocrewmembers.NoevidencehassurfacedofanexplosionaboardtheUPScargoplanethatcrashedinSeptember,officialsintheUnitedArabEmirateshavesaid.ButauthoritiestherehavealsosaidtheyareseriouslylookingintoAQAP’sclaim.22．Accordingtothemagazinereport,thereare______onboardthecargoplanes.A．disguisedbombsB．damagedprintersC．a(chǎn)rmedterroristsD．costlyparcels正確答案：A23．TheSeptember3crashofaUPSflightinDubaiA．costjust$4,200.B．killedtwocrewmembers.C．wascausedbyanexplosion.D．ledtotheOctoberplot.正確答案：B聽力原文：SouthernSudanvotedoverwhelminglyforindependence,electionofficialshaveconfirmed.(25)Theysaidnearly99%ofthevoterswereinfavorofdividingAfrica’sbiggestcountry.(26)Earlier,SudanesePresidentOmaral-Bashiragainsaidhewouldaccepttheoutcomeofthevote.Althoughthevotewaspeaceful,tensionremainshighinpartsoftheoil-richborderregion.Atleast50peoplewerekilledovertheweekendinfightingbetweensoldiersinsouthSudan’sUpperNilestate.24．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?A．Nearly99%ofSudanesewenttovote.B．Almost99%ofvotersvotedforindependence.C．About99%ofpeopleacceptedthepresident’sproposal.D．Around99%ofvotersarefromoil-richborderregion.正確答案：B25．SudanesePresidentOmaral-BashirA．iswillingtovotehimself.B．willacceptthedecisionofthepublic.C．isdoubtfulaboutapeacefulvote.D．hopesthevotecanbringpeace.正確答案：B聽力原文：(27)AfirehasbrokenoutinthefestivaldistrictoftheBraziliancityofRiodeJaneiro,destroyingmorethan8,000costumespreparedfortheevent.FourwarehousesweredamagedintheblazeatSambaCity,aswellasasambaschoolandfestivalmuseum.Onemanwasreportedinjuredinthefire,whichspreadquicklybecauseofthequantityofmaterialsthatareeasilysetonfire.(28)Accordingtoreports,someworkerswereinthewarehouseswhenthefirebrokeoutat7:00localtime,hutmostemployeeshadnotyetbegunwork.ThefiresentplumesofsmokeintotheskyaboveRiodeJaneiro.Some90%ofcostumesinthedamagedwarehouseshavebeendestroyed,accordingtotheOGlobonewspaper.Thecauseoftheblazeisnotknown.26．Whatseemstobethemostseriousconsequencecausedbythefire?A．Lossofmanycostumes.B．Frightenedchildren.C．Damagetohistoricalsubjects.D．Largevolumesofsmoke.正確答案：A27．ThefirebrokeoutatA．3a.m.localtime.B．7a.m.localtime.C．3p.m.localtime.D．7p.m.localtime.正確答案：B聽力原文：U.S.PresidentBarackObamaisonalong-awaitedvisittoIndonesia,whereheagreedtobuilda“comprehensivepartnership”withtheworld’smostpopulousMuslimmajoritynation.(29)AtajointnewsconferencewithPresidentSusiloBamhangYudhoyono,thetwoleadersannouncedanagreementtoboostcooperationintrade,education,cleanenergyandsecurity.Mr.ObamasaidtheUnitedStateswillstandwithIndonesiain“goodtimesandinhadtimes,”areferencetonaturaldisastersthathavekilledhundredsofpeopleinthecountryinrecentweeks.(30)Ongoingvolcaniceruptionson(Indonesia’smain)JavaislandmayforceMr.ObamatocutshorthisbriefstayinJakartabyseveralhours.28．U.S.PresidentandthePresidentofIndonesiaagreedtoA．cooperatemore.B．visiteachother.C．holdanewsconference.D．helpeachother.正確答案：A29．Mr.ObamamaycutshorthisvisitinJakartabecauseofA．religiousdemonstrations.B．killinginthecity.C．emergencyintheU.S.D．naturaldisasters.正確答案：DPARTIIICLOZE(15MIN)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.BilingualeducationiscontroversialintheUnitedStates.【C1】______,agrowingbodyofresearchshowsthat【C2】______speakingtwolanguagescomeswithcertaintypesofimprovedmental【C3】______.Beingabletousetwolanguagesandneverknowingwhichonetobeusedrightnowisgoodtothebrain.Theattentionalexecutivesystem,crucialforallhigherthought,seemstobe【C4】______.Executivefunctioningallowsustokeepagoalinmind,take【C5】______toachievethatgoal,andtoignoreotherinformationthatmight【C6】______usfromthatgoal.Thequestionis;Woulditbethecasethatbilinguals,bythe【C7】______needforcontrollingthetwolanguages,developamoreefficientexecutivefunctioningsystem?Theresultssuggestthatbilinguals【C8】______havethispositivecollateraleffect,whichisevenstrongerwhenitgoestokidsandolderpeople.Theseareages【C9】______executivefunctioningisworse.Bilingualsdobetteratteststhatrequiremultitasking,includingonesthat【C10】______drivingandtalkingonaphone.Andthelongerpeoplehavespokenmultiplelanguages,thegreaterthecognitive【C11】______.Thereareevenbenefitswhenlanguageswere【C12】______atlaterages.Certainly,bilingualismcomes-withsome【C13】______.Bilingualshavemore“tip-of-the-tongue”problems.Thereareacoupleofmillisecondsbeforetheycantarget.Bilingualchildren,also,have【C14】______asmallervocabularyineachoftheirlanguagesthanmonolingualchildren,【C15】______theyprobablyknowmorewordsaltogether.Still,allofthesefindingsare【C16】______abstract.Itisdifficulttotakelaboratoryfindingsshowingbetterexecutivefunctioninginbilingualsanddemonstratethatthey【C17】______intobetterperformanceintheworkplaceorsomeotherpractical【C18】______.Theonlyreal-worldapplicationpreliminarilydemonstratedmaybethatmultilingualismcan【C19】______healthbenefitstoAlzheimer’spatients.Bilingualsshow【C20】______ofthediseaseuptofouryearslaterthanmonolinguals.30．【C1】A．HereafterB．ThereforeC．HoweverD．Meanwhile正確答案：C解析：副詞辨析題。句意為：然而，越來越多的研究顯示經(jīng)常使用兩種語言會改善某些腦部功能。解答本題需分析空格前后兩句的邏輯關(guān)系。前句提出雙語教育在美國是有爭議的，而后句則提出了使用兩種語言的優(yōu)勢，可見前后兩句問是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選用however。hereafter“此后”、meanwhile“同時”、therefore“因此”均不合文意。31．【C2】A．deliberatelyB．skillfullyC．a(chǎn)ccuratelyD．regularly正確答案：D解析：副詞辨析題。句意同上。根據(jù)后一句話，此處提到的兩種語言的使用需要達到隨時切換的頻繁程度，而不是某種語言只是偶爾用到，因此空格處應使用表示頻度較密的副詞，故regularly“經(jīng)常地”為答案。其余各項均表示語言使用的熟練程度或水平，不符合上下文語境，排除。32．【C3】A．reactionB．conditionC．performanceD．structure正確答案：C解析：名詞辨析題。句意同上。根據(jù)第二段相關(guān)內(nèi)容，經(jīng)常使用雙語對人類所謂的“executivefunctioningsystem”有益，而該系統(tǒng)是負責讓人們對某個目標保持專注的。可見本空涉及大腦的執(zhí)行力，故performance為答案。雙語使用不會改變大腦的“結(jié)構(gòu)”，排除structure；根據(jù)后文，使用雙語并非對大腦的“反應”能力或“條件”有作用，故排除reaction和condition。33．【C4】A．a(chǎn)lteredB．enhancedC．reflectedD．depressed正確答案：B解析：動詞辨析題。句意為：對所有高級思維都十分關(guān)鍵的注意力執(zhí)行系統(tǒng)似乎得到了增強。由前文可知，雙語使用會改善一些大腦功能，因此應選擇與“改善”意義相近的enhanced“增強”。depressed“抑制”表示負面含義，排除；altered“改變”和reflected“反映；表現(xiàn)”也不能說明使用雙語的優(yōu)勢。34．【C5】A．courageB．a(chǎn)ctionsC．chancesD．a(chǎn)dvice正確答案：B解析：名詞辨析題。句意為：執(zhí)行功能系統(tǒng)幫助我們牢記目標，為實現(xiàn)該目標采取行動，并忽視那些可能會使我們偏離目標的其他信息。根據(jù)空格后的目的狀語toachievethatgoal，町推知要實現(xiàn)目標首先應采取行動，故選擇actions，與動詞take搭配，表示“采取行動”。35．【C6】A．distractB．separateC．guideD．deceive正確答案：A解析：動詞辨析題。句意同上。根據(jù)上下文語境，為保持頭腦對目標的專注力，必須摒除與目標無關(guān)的信息。再由后文的介詞from可知此處動詞的意思是“分散注意力”，故選擇distract。其他各項雖均可與介詞from搭配，但不能表達出注意力分散之意，故排除。36．【C7】A．urgentB．basicC．constantD．social正確答案：C解析：形容詞辨析題。句意為：問題是：雙語者是否會出于經(jīng)常控制兩種語言的需要而發(fā)展出一個更加高效的執(zhí)行功能系統(tǒng)?根據(jù)前面的相關(guān)信息，此處指雙語使用者，即需要經(jīng)常在兩種語言之間來回切換的人群，故選擇constant“經(jīng)常的”。排除urgent“緊急的”、basic“基本的”和social“社會的”。37．【C8】A．willB．canC．mustD．may正確答案：D解析：情態(tài)動詞題。句意為：結(jié)果表明，雙語者中可能表現(xiàn)出這種積極的連帶效果，而這種效果在孩子和老人之中表現(xiàn)得尤為明顯。根據(jù)前一句使用的情態(tài)動詞would，特別是最后一段中指出，文中提到的發(fā)現(xiàn)都是抽象的(abstract)，并使用了情態(tài)動詞may表示所述并非十分肯定的事實，故此處也應使用表示“有此可能”的情態(tài)動詞，因此may為答案。其他各項均不符合上述分析，排除。38．【C9】A．whereB．whyC．thatD．which正確答案：A解析：定語從句題。句意為：這些是執(zhí)行功能比較薄弱的年齡。根據(jù)語法分析，此處需填入定語從句連接詞。由于從句主干完整，因此應使用連接副詞，可先排除that和which；本句并沒有涉及因果關(guān)系，故排除why；連接副詞where不僅僅表示地點，還可以表示某種條件或情境，符合此處語境。39．【C10】A．simulatedB．controlledC．pretendedD．performed正確答案：A解析：動詞辨析題。句意為：雙語者在多重任務測試中表現(xiàn)得更好，這些測試包括模擬邊打電話邊開車的情境。根據(jù)原文，這里所說的是一種測試，所以必然不是真的邊開車邊打電話，而是一種模擬測試，因此simulated為答案。controlled“受控”和performed“表演”不符合語境，排除；pretended“假裝”有一定干擾性，但該詞不適用于科學研究，排除。40．【C11】A．resultsB．effectsC．growthD．response正確答案：B解析：名詞辨析題。句意為：人們使用多語的時間越長，這種腦部的效果越顯著。根據(jù)第二段第三句中的“havethispositiveeffect”可知經(jīng)常使用兩種以上的語言對人類大腦的執(zhí)行功能具有有益的影響，因此effects符合此處語境。其他各項均不符合上下文信息，排除。41．【C12】A．takenoverB．takeninC．takenbackD．takenup正確答案：D解析：短語辨析題。句意為：即使這些語言是在稍大一些的年紀才開始使用的，仍然會有裨益。takeup意為“開始從事；占用”，只有takeup能與languages搭配，表示開始使用某種語言，故為答案。takeover“接管”；takein“接受”；takeback“收回”。42．【C13】A．outcomeB．mistakeC．costD．upset正確答案：C解析：名詞辨析題。句意為：當然，使用雙語要付出一些代價。本句為段落主旨句。后文提到雙語使用者會出現(xiàn)一問題，比如張口忘詞。前文都在介紹雙語使用的益處，這里提到了存在的問題，故本句表達的意思應是雙語使用也要付出一代價，才能起到承上啟下的作用，因此，選用cost。outcome“結(jié)果”為中性詞匯，不能表示負面含義，可先排除；mistake“錯誤”和upset“混亂”雖然表示負面意義，但不能起到承上啟下的作用，也不是本題答案。43．【C14】A．onoccasionB．onaverageC．onpurposeD．onprinciple正確答案：B解析：短語辨析題。句意為：雙語兒童在其使用的每種語言中詞匯量都比單語兒童詞匯量小，但他們的詞匯總量可能會更多一些。本文闡述的是科學研究與發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此要介紹一般狀況，而不是個例，故四個選項中只有B“平均”符合上下文語境和科學研究的陳述語氣。A“偶爾”、C“故意”和D“原則上”均不符合此處文意。44．【C15】A．a(chǎn)ndB．butC．soD．or正確答案：B解析：邏輯銜接題。句意同上。分析逗號前后哪個分句的關(guān)系：前一分句指出了雙語兒童與單語兒童相比的不足，而后一句則介紹他們相對的優(yōu)勢，可見兩句間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此用but符合文意。其他各項不符合此處的邏輯關(guān)系，排除。45．【C16】A．somewhatB．somewayC．somehowD．sometimes正確答案：A解析：副詞辨析題。句意為：誠然，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)都稍顯抽象。根據(jù)句首的still可知詞句為段落間轉(zhuǎn)折句。前文大致介紹了雙語使用者的優(yōu)勢和局限，本段對前文的發(fā)現(xiàn)進行總結(jié)?？崭裎挥谛稳菰~abstract之前，應說明其程度。在叫個選項中，somewhat表示“稍微，有點”，可作為程度副詞，且符合上下文語境，故為答案。sometimes“有時”表示時間，someway“以某種方法”和somehow“不明原因地；以某種方式”則表示方式，均可排除。46．【C17】A．convertB．developC．integrateD．translate正確答案：D解析：動詞辨析題。句意為：實驗室中顯示雙語使用者執(zhí)行功能更好的發(fā)現(xiàn)并不足以證實雙語使用者在工作之中或其他實際情景之中表現(xiàn)會更好。本句是討論實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)與現(xiàn)實應用之間的關(guān)系，盡管在實驗中雙語者表現(xiàn)更好，這種表現(xiàn)能否遷移至現(xiàn)實工作或生活中仍未可知。translateinto可以表示“把(思想、情感等)用另一種(尤指更具體的)形式表現(xiàn)出來”，符合上下文語義，故D為答案。develop“發(fā)展”和integrate“融合”顯然不符合語境，排除；convert“轉(zhuǎn)變”有一定干擾性，但該詞表示的是“改變事物的形式或用途”，并不符合原文，排除。47．【C18】A．purposeB．undertakingC．a(chǎn)pproachD．environment正確答案：D解析：名詞辨析題。句意同上。利用此處由or連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)進行分析，連詞or之前為intheworkplace，是一種條件和場景，因此本題所選擇的名詞應該表示“環(huán)境，情況”等含義，故選environment。purpose“目的”，undertaking“事業(yè)”和approach“方法”均不能與intheworkplace構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，因此均排除。48．【C19】A．promiseB．predictC．provideD．prove正確答案：C解析：動詞辨析題。句意為：唯一在現(xiàn)實應用中初步得到證實的可能就是，多語使用對老年癡呆癥患者有益。此處文章是在討論雙語使用的現(xiàn)實益處，而不是討論其未來的可能，因此首先排除promise“承諾”和predict“預測”；這里是闡述實驗研究以外的現(xiàn)實情況，因此prove“證實”不合上下文語境，也應排除。provide“提供，帶來”符合原文語義，并可與介詞to搭配，故為答案。49．【C20】A．symptomsB．declineC．incidencesD．spread正確答案：A解析：名詞辨析題。句意為：雙語使用者最多可比單語使用者晚四年發(fā)病。承接上一句，本句繼續(xù)討論多語使用給老年癡呆癥患者帶來的益處。再根據(jù)后置定語ofthedisease，之前的動詞show，以及句中“晚四年”等信息，可知此處應選擇symptoms“癥狀”。decline“衰退”、incidences“發(fā)生率”、spread“傳播”均不合原文語境，故均可排除。PARTIVGRAMMAR&VOCABULARY(15MIN)Directions:Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.50．WhoisitthathasmadeMike______heisnow?A．whoB．howC．whatD．whom正確答案：C解析：賓語從句題。what引導賓語從句，表示“……的人”，相當于thepersonthat，故答案為C。51．Barely______attheairportwhenthepolicearrestedhim.A．didhearriveB．hadhearrivedC．hearrivedD．hehadarrived正確答案：B解析：固定結(jié)構(gòu)題。barely…when…為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“剛……就……”，barely表示否定意義，放在句首時，要用部分倒裝；并且在此考題中從句用過去時態(tài)，主句動作發(fā)生在從句之前，故用過去完成時態(tài)，答案為B。52．Thepresident’sresidenceisreportedinthenationalnewspaper______lastnight.A．beingbrokenintoB．tohavebeenbrokenintoC．havingbeenbrokenintoD．brokeinto正確答案：B解析：不定式用法題。此處考查不定式作主語補足語，用于對主語進行補充說明，故答案為B。53．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisaCOMMAND?A．Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.B．Keepoffthegrass.C．Don’tbenervous.D．Dogivemyregardstoyourparents.正確答案：B解析：句子功能題。Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet．意為“過馬路的時候要小心?！保硎揪?；Keepoffthegrass．意為“請勿踐踏草地?！保硎久?；Don’tbenervous．“不要緊張?！保硎緞裎?；Dogivemyregardstoyourparents．意為“一定代我向你父母問好?！?，表示問候、致意。故答案為B。54．______inthedark,hisheadbumpedagainstthewall.A．WhenhewaswalkingB．WhenwalkingC．WalkingD．Whilewalking正確答案：A解析：狀語從句題。各選項中的walk和主句主語hishead沒有任何邏輯關(guān)系，因此在此處不能使用walk的非謂語形式，也不能使用while+-ing形式作狀語，否則就形成了垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，此處只能使用when引導的狀語從句，答案為A。55．______,butIstilldon’tlikehim.A．CleverthoughheisB．CleverasheisC．CleverhemaybeD．Whetherheiscleverornot正確答案：C解析：狀語從句題。此句可能誤選A和B，但A和B作讓步狀語從句時，后面不接but，故選C。56．Jimcanbarelyboilanegg,______cookdinner.A．muchmoreB．muchlessC．stillmoreD．morethan正確答案：B解析：副詞用法題。muchmore和muchless這兩種表達法都有“更加”的意思。muchmore用于肯定句，表示程度加強；muchless引導的分句表示一種追加的否定，只能用于否定句中，表示程度減少。結(jié)合前半句語義，后半句是程度的減少，故選B。C和D均不符合句意，排除。57．Jane______myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.A．oughttohavereceivedB．hasreceivedC．couldn’thavereceivedD．hadn’treceived正確答案：C解析：情態(tài)動詞題。couldn’thave+過去分詞，表示對已發(fā)生情況的否定推測，意為“一定沒……”。結(jié)合后半句語義，可知Jane并沒有收到信，故C正確。58．Invain______togetthemachinesoldyesterday.A．hetriedB．hadhetriedC．hehadtriedD．didhetry正確答案：D解析：倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)題。invain意為“徒勞地；白費；無效”，表否定意義，放在句首要用部分倒裝，此處就是把助動詞提到主語前面，且時間副詞是yesterday，故用一般過去時，所以did提到he之前，后面跟動詞原形。故D為答案。59．Itisdesiredthathisorder______assoonaspossible.A．willbecarriedoutB．shouldbecarriedoutC．mustbecarriedoutD．wouldbecarriedout正確答案：B解析：虛擬語氣題。在Itisdesired／suggested／ordered／essential／necessary／important等詞后的從句中用“should+動詞原形”，故答案為B。60．Idon’tbelieveshewillgetaraiseinpay,______?A．doIB．willsheC．won’tsheD．doesn’tshe正確答案：B解析：