2020-2021學(xué)年云南省麗江市高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）+聽(tīng)力

2020-2021學(xué)年云南省麗江市高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（滿(mǎn)分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1．本卷為試題卷?？忌仨氃诖痤}卡上解題作答。答案應(yīng)書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。2．考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaflowershop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Anicecream.B.Awatermelon.C.Somepeaches.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Friends.4.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Calm.B.Excited.C.Unhappy.5.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Hisneighborneedshelp.B.Hehasahearingproblem.C.Histelephoneisbroken.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatwillthemando?A.Openthewindow.B.Tidythethingsup.C.Mopthefloor.7.Howwillthewomandealwiththeoldthings?A.Bydonatingthem.B.Byputtingtheminthecabinet.C.Bygettingridofthem.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemansayaboutnewspapers?A.They'reoutoffashion.B.Almostnoonereadsthemnow.C.They'reuseful.9.Howoftendoesthemanbuymagazines?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceaquarter.10.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A.Readingbooksinthesunnyafternoon.B.Readingmagazinesinacafe.C.Readingbooksaboutfashion.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.12.Whowillthemanprobablytravelwith?A.Thewoman.B.Thewoman'ssister.C.Thespeakers'friend.13.Whereisthewoman'ssisternow?A.Inthehospital.B.Atthewoman'shome.C.Inherownworkplace.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Howdidthewomanknowabouttheapartment?A.Fromanadvertisement.B.Fromtheformerrenter.C.Fromafriend.15.Whenwilltheapartmentbecleaned?A.Bytomorrowafternoon.B.Infivedays.C.Intendays.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?A.Itisn'tfurnished.B.It'sinneedofrepair.C.It'squiteconvenient.17.Whatmayannoythewoman?A.Walkingalongwaytobuythings.B.Somethingoftengoeswrong.C.Movinghouse.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howmanyparcelsareexpectedtobedeliveredthisyear?A.30.8billion.B.83billion.C.95.5billion.19.Whatwillbedonetoencouragegreenerpackaging?A.2,000boxesrecyclestationswillbebuilt.B.Allpackageswillbewrappedonlyonce.C.Newenergyvehicleswillbeusedtodeliverpackages.20.Whatisonthelist?A.Thelocationsofrecyclestations.B.Thewrappingproducts.C.Thetypesofnewenergyvehicles.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATopMusicFestivalsin20CoachellaSellingoutfasteveryyear,theIndiodesertbecomesafashionableplacewherethecoolestbandsarewatchedbytrendypeopleandcelebrities.Nearthetopofeveryone'sbucketlistoffestivals,Coachellaisaconstantsourceofannualexpectationandahotbedformusicaldiscussion.When&.where:April9-11&.16-18,20;IndioUltraMusicFestivalSeenastheultimategatheringforelectronicmusicfansacrossthenationandglobe,thestreetsofMiamiturnintoaboldandbumpingpartywithpopularDJsplayingwhatwillbethesoundsofsummer.When&where:March26-28,20;MiamiSouthBySouthWestRegardedastheultimatetrend-setterandlauncherofcareers,SXSWisanannualshowcaseofmusic,filmsandinteractivehighlightsenjoyedthroughperformances,showcases,talks,screeningsandmore.VirtuallytakingoverthecityofAustin,everyoneintheworldofmusicfromfanstomediaflockheretodiscoverthenextbigthing.When&,where:March16-20,20;AustinTheGovernorsBallMusicFestivalAnothereventwhichprovesthemusiclovingpotentialofRandall'sIslandParkisGovernorsBall,anexcitingandinfectiousmixofrock,hip-hop,electronic,popandfolk.Providingavarietyofmusicandfoodtastes,whetheryoulooktokickbackandrelaxordancetothebeats,GovernorsBallhaswhatyouwant.When&where:June11-14,20;NewYork1.Whichmusicfestivallaststhemostdays?A.Coachella B.UltraMusicFestival.C.SouthBySouthWest D.TheGovernorsBallMusicFestival.2.WhatisspecialaboutUltraMusicFestival?A.It'sheldinapark.B.ItfeatureselectronicmusicC.It'sagatheringofpopularDJs.D.It'sthemostpopularinthecountry.3.Whichcitycouldyougoifyoulovebothmusicandmovies?A.Indio. B.Miami. C.Austin D.NewYork.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了20年四個(gè)著名的音樂(lè)節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。對(duì)照每一節(jié)中“When&.where”部分，根據(jù)Coachella下列“When&.where:April9-11&.16-18,20;Indio(何時(shí)&.何地：4月9-11日&.20年6月16日至18日；Indio)”可知，Coachella持續(xù)六天，是四個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)里面持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二節(jié)UltraMusicFestival下列段落中“Seenastheultimategatheringforelectronicmusicfansacrossthenationandglobe…(被視為全國(guó)乃至全球電子音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者的終極聚會(huì)……)”可知，UltraMusicFestival是一個(gè)以電子樂(lè)為主的音樂(lè)節(jié)。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三節(jié)SouthBySouthWest下列段落中“Regardedastheultimatetrend-setterandlauncherofcareers,SXSWisanannualshowcaseofmusic,filmsandinteractivehighlightsenjoyedthroughperformances,showcases,talks,screeningsandmore.VirtuallytakingoverthecityofAustin,everyoneintheworldofmusicfromfanstomediaflockheretodiscoverthenextbigthing.(作為終極潮流的引領(lǐng)者和職業(yè)生涯的啟動(dòng)者，SXSW是一個(gè)通過(guò)表演、展示、演講、放映等方式享受音樂(lè)、電影和互動(dòng)亮點(diǎn)的年度展示。幾乎占領(lǐng)了整個(gè)Austin市，音樂(lè)界的每個(gè)人，從歌迷到媒體，都聚集在這里來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)下一個(gè)大事件。)”可知，如果你既喜歡音樂(lè)又喜歡電影，你應(yīng)該去Austin市。故選C項(xiàng)。BAnearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters.Itmaycausegreatdamage.Soitiswisetolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.Fragileitemslikethosemadeofglassareeasilybrokenandshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface,nearthegroundinsteadofplacingtheminthecupboardshigherup.Neverplacethemnearyourbed,sofasandotherfurniturewhereyouwouldbesittingorlyingdown.Whenthereisastrongmovement,thesepieceswillfallonthefloordirectlyandnotonyou.Thereisastrongchanceofshortcircuits(短路)andfireduringanearthquake.Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.Duringanearthquake,liebeneathanobjectthatisnoteasilydamaged.Donotgonearobjectsthatcoulddirectlyfallonyou.Neverusetheelevatortogodown.Stayinsideuntiltheshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Researchhasshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout.Usethestaircasesatalltimes.Ifyouareoutdoors,donottakeshelterunderatree,streetlights,electricpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopyourcarandstayinasafeplace.Donotparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.Iftrappedindebris(瓦礫堆),coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.Taponapipeorthewallsothatrescuerscanfindyou.Useawhistle(哨子)ifoneisabletoget.Nevershoutforhelp.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindangerousamountsofdust.Donotlightamatch(火柴)becauseyoumayburnyourself.Donotmoveaboutorkickupdust.4.Thepurposeofthepassageistotellreaders__________.A.thedamagecausedbyearthquakes B.therescueworkafterearthquakesC.howtopreventearthquakes D.whattodoaboutearthquakes5.Theunderlinedword“Fragile”inParagraph2probablymeans“__________”．A.Easilyfound B.EasilybrokenC.Expensive D.Heavy6.Duringtheearthquake,peopleareadvisedto__________.A.gooutofthebuildingatonce B.drivetoasafeplacequicklyC.takeshelterunderatree D.turnoffelectricityandgasimmediately7.Whentrappedindebris,you’dbetternot___________.A.shoutforhelpaloud.B.coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.C.taponapipeorthewallhardsothatrescuerscanfindyou.D.useawhistleifpossible.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一些應(yīng)對(duì)地震的安全技巧。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Anearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters.Itmaycausegreatdamage.Soitiswisetolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.”可知，地震是最常見(jiàn)的自然災(zāi)害之一，可能會(huì)造成很大的損害，因此，學(xué)習(xí)一些簡(jiǎn)單的安全技巧來(lái)保護(hù)你自己或你的家人是明智的，由此可知，這篇文章主要是告訴讀者如何應(yīng)對(duì)地震，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的“itemslikethosemadeofglassareeasilybroken”可知，玻璃制品屬于易碎物品，很容易破碎，由此可知畫(huà)線詞詞義為“易碎的、易壞的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.”可知，當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)，請(qǐng)立即關(guān)閉電源和煤氣，由此可知，當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)，人們應(yīng)該立即關(guān)閉電源和煤氣，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Iftrappedindebris(瓦礫堆),coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.Taponapipeorthewallsothatrescuerscanfindyou.Useawhistle(哨子)ifoneisabletoget.Nevershoutforhelp.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindangerousamountsofdust.”可知，如果被困在廢墟中，用手帕或衣服捂住嘴；輕敲管道或墻壁，以便救援人員能找到你；如果可以的話，用口哨；不要大聲呼救，大喊會(huì)使你吸入大量危險(xiǎn)的灰塵，由此可知，當(dāng)被困在廢墟中時(shí)，你最好不要大聲呼救，故A項(xiàng)正確。CIwasunbelievablyproudofmynine–year–olddaughter,Emily.Determinedtobuyamountainbike,she’dbeensavingherpocketmoneyalltheyear,aswellasdoingsmalljobstoearnextramoney.ByThanksgivingDay,shehadcollectedonly＄49.Isaid,“Youcanhaveyourpickfrommybicyclecollection.”“Thanks,Daddy.Butyourbikesaresoold.”Shewasright.Allmygirls’bikeswere1980smodels,notthekindkidstodaywouldlikelychoose.AsChristmasdrewnear,EmilyandIwentbikeshopping.Asweleftonestore,shenoticedaSalvation(救助)Armyvolunteerstandingnexttoabigpot.“Canwegivesomething,Daddy?”sheasked.“Sorry,Emily.I’moutofchange.”ThroughoutDecember,Emilycontinuedtoworkhard.Thenoneday,shemadeasurprisingdecision.“YouknowallthemoneyI’vebeensaving?”shesaidhesitantly.“I’mgoingtogiveittothepoorpeople.”SoonecoldmorningbeforeChristmas,Emilygavehertotalsavingsof＄58toavolunteerwhowasreallyverythankful.AffectedbyEmily’sdeed,Idecidedtocontributeoneofmyoldbicyclestoacardealerwhowascollectingusedbikesforpoorchildren.AsIselectedashinymodelfrommycollection,however,itseemedasifasecondbiketookonaglow（發(fā)光).ShouldIcontributetwo?No,onewouldbeenough.ButIcouldn’tshakethefeelingthatIshouldgiveasecondbike.WhenIlaterdeliveredthebikes,thecardealersaid,“You’remakingtwokidsveryhappy,sir.Hereareyourtickets.Foreachbicyclecontributed,we’regivingawayonechancetowinagirls’mountainbike.”Whywasn’tIsurprisedwhenthatsecondticketturnedouttobethewinner?IliketothinkitwasGod’swayofrewardingalittlegirlforasacrifice（犧牲）beyondherage—whilegivingherdadalessonintheprocess.8.ThefathertookprideinhisdaughterprobablyNOTbecause_____.A.she’dbeensavingherpocketmoneyalltheyearB.she’dbeendoingsmalljobstoearnextramoneyC.shemadeuphermindtobuyamountainbikeD.shepresentedhertotalsavingsof＄58toavolunteer9.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Emilywasangrywithherfatherashedidn’tgivehischange.B.Thevolunteerwasn’tmovedbyEmily’sdonationofhersavings.C.Thecardealerexchangedtwoticketsforthefather’stwobikes.D.Thefathermadehisfinaldecisionthatheshouldgiveonemorebike.10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thecardealercheatedpeopleoftheircontributions.B.Twogirlsreallyappreciatedreceivingdonatedbikes.CEmilygotamountainbikeforherkindnessfinally.D.Thefatherfeltregretfulforwinningagirl’smountainbike.11.Whatlessondoyouthinkthefatherlearned?A.Onegoodturndeservesanother. B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Doasyouwouldbedone. D.Greatmindsthinkalike.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作為一個(gè)父親，作者在女兒幫助他人的行為的影響下，也幫助他人。結(jié)果自己的善舉也得到了好的回報(bào)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Iwasunbelievablyproudofmynine–year–olddaughter,Emily.Determinedtobuyamountainbike,she’dbeensavingherpocketmoneyalltheyear,aswellasdoingsmalljobstoearnextramoney.”和第四段中“Emilygavehertotalsavingsof＄58toavolunteer...”可知，作者為自己九歲的女兒艾米麗感到自豪，不是因?yàn)樗胭I(mǎi)一輛自行車(chē)，而是因?yàn)樗徽甓荚跀€零花錢(qián)，還做些零工來(lái)賺外快，但是終于賺到了錢(qián)之后，她又將攢的錢(qián)給了一名志愿者。故選C。9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中“ButIcouldn’tshakethefeelingthatIshouldgiveasecondbike.WhenIlaterdeliveredthebikes,…”可知，父親最后決定再捐贈(zèng)一輛自行車(chē)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第五段中提到“Foreachbicyclecontributed,we’regivingawayonechancetowinagirls’mountainbike.”那位汽車(chē)經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商說(shuō)每捐獻(xiàn)一輛自行車(chē)，他們就有機(jī)會(huì)贏得一輛女式山地車(chē)；第六段中提到“Whywasn’tIsurprisedwhenthatsecondticketturnedouttobethewinner?IliketothinkitwasGod’swayofrewardingalittlegirlforasacrifice…（當(dāng)?shù)诙埰苯Y(jié)果中獎(jiǎng)的時(shí)候，我為什么一點(diǎn)都不驚訝呢?因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為這是上帝對(duì)一個(gè)小女孩作出的犧牲的獎(jiǎng)賞。）”由此可以推斷，Emily最終因?yàn)樗纳婆e而中獎(jiǎng)得到了一輛山地車(chē)。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。文章講述的是女兒Emily將自己打工掙的錢(qián)捐贈(zèng)給志愿者。作者受她的行為的影響，先決定將自己的一輛舊自行車(chē)捐給一個(gè)為貧窮的孩子收集二手自行車(chē)的汽車(chē)經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商，后來(lái)作者決定再捐贈(zèng)一輛。那位汽車(chē)經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商給了他兩張券，說(shuō)每捐獻(xiàn)一輛自行車(chē)，就有機(jī)會(huì)贏得一輛女孩山地車(chē)。結(jié)果第二張券就中獎(jiǎng)了，為Emily贏得了一輛山地車(chē)。第六段中提到“IliketothinkitwasGod’swayofrewardingalittlegirlforasacrifice…（我認(rèn)為這是上帝對(duì)一個(gè)小女孩作出的犧牲的獎(jiǎng)賞。）”作者的善舉得到了好的回報(bào)。因此作為一個(gè)父親，作者得到的啟示是“善有善報(bào)”。故選A。DBeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.Thosewhowillreceivethevaccinesincludenursinghomekitchenworkers,securityguardsandcleaners.BeijingDailyreportedonFriday.XingYinli,directorofJingkangyuan,anursinghomeinFengtaidistrictwithabout290elderlyresidents(居民），saidtheyhavereceivedthedocument(文件）recentlyandwillstrictlyfollowitsguidance.It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.,"Xingsaid,addingtheyhavebeenusingmethodssuchaskeepingdetailedrecordsofresidentcontactsoutsidethenursinghome,andencouragingonlinevisitsforfamilymembers..Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.InlateOctober,Shaoxing,ZhejiangprovincecarriedoutanemergencyCOVTD-19vaccineprogram,allowingthepublictoaskforinjections(注射）inadvance,withkeygroupsfirst.AsimilarprogramwasalsoorganizedinJiaxing,NingboandYiwuinZhejiang.Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID-19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials(臨床試驗(yàn)）.ThedocumentfromBeijingalsosaidnursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting(核酸檢測(cè)）everymonthamongkitchenworkersandresidentswholeavethenursinghomestoseeadoctor.Testswillcoverallpeopleinnursinghomesconsideredathighriskifnewinfectionsarereportedinthecity.Besides,routinedisinfections(消毒）shouldbestrengthenedinkitchens,storeroomsandrestrooms,itsaid.Thedocumentalsorecommendednoncontactvisitsfromfamilymembers.12.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inafashionmagazine.C.Inabookreview. D.Inatraveljournal.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphs4and5?A.Thenursinghomekeptdetailedrecordsofresidents,B.Allthememberswillmakepreparationsforinjections.C.Thenursinghometakespreventionandcontrolseriously.D.Jiaxingisthefirstcitytohavecarriedoutanemergencyprogram.14.Howcanweunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph7?A.Chinaisprovidingvaccinationsnationwide.B.Chinahasmadegreatprogressincoronavirusvaccines.C.Chainhastakentheleadincoronavirusvaccinesworldwide.D.Thefourcandidatevaccineshavefinishedclinicaltrails15.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Nursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting.B.Beijingnursinghomesaretobeprovidedvaccines.C.CertaingroupswillhavevaccinesfirstinlateJune.D.Routinedisinfectionsshouldbestrengthenedinkitchens.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章圍繞北京市政府將為養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中的老年人和護(hù)理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)再次爆發(fā)疫情而展開(kāi)報(bào)道。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.(北京市政府表示，將在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，為養(yǎng)老院里的老人和照顧者等特定人群提供新冠肺炎疫苗接種，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老院里的疫情再次爆發(fā)。)”可知首段是導(dǎo)語(yǔ)，接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容是圍繞其展開(kāi)，因此文章顯然是一篇新聞報(bào)道，故可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.(加強(qiáng)防控是我們的首要任務(wù)。)”和第五段“Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.(至于接種疫苗，她說(shuō)，他們?cè)诮臃N疫苗前將向居民、他們的家人和工作人員申請(qǐng)?jiān)S可。)”可知養(yǎng)老院很重視新冠病毒的防控和疫苗的接種。故選C?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第七段“Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID-19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials(臨床試驗(yàn)).(在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)，國(guó)產(chǎn)COVID-19疫苗的緊急使用已于6月獲得批準(zhǔn)，并于7月下旬啟動(dòng)。目前，中國(guó)有四種新型冠狀病毒候選疫苗正在進(jìn)行第三階段臨床試驗(yàn))”可知中國(guó)研制的新冠疫苗已獲得批準(zhǔn)并進(jìn)入臨床試驗(yàn)階段，由此可推知中國(guó)在新冠疫苗研制方面進(jìn)展很快。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.(北京市政府表示，將在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，為養(yǎng)老院里的老人和照顧者等特定人群提供新冠肺炎疫苗接種，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老院里的疫情再次爆發(fā)。)”和全文內(nèi)容來(lái)看，這篇文章主要圍繞北京市政府將為養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中的老年人和護(hù)理人員等特定人員接種新冠疫苗展開(kāi)報(bào)道，即北京養(yǎng)養(yǎng)老院將為特定人員提供疫苗。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmaythinkthatchoosingtoloseweightrequiresalotofeffortandpain.Thetruthis,youcanloseweight,feelhealthier,andlookamazing,allbydoingsmallthingseveryday.____16____Whenyou’rereadytoloseafewpounds,checkoutthesefivesmalleverydaythingsyoucando.___17___Believeitornot,thediameterofyourdinnerplatecanhaveadramaticimpactonhowmuchfoodyoueatatanytimeoftheday.Thebiggeryourplate,themoreyoucanfitonit,andthemoreyouputintoyourbody.UseaFoodDiaryorAppIt’ssoeasytositatyourdeskoronthecoucheatingupanentirebagofpotatochips,orafullpacketofcookies.___18___Ifyoukeepafooddiaryorappoutliningwhatyoueat,howmuchofit,andhowmanycaloriesithas,youmaybemoreinclinedtocontrolyourfoodintake.DrinkMoreWater___19___Yourbodyneedsmorewaterthanyou’reprobablygivingit,andyoumaybereadingthesignsallwrong.Keepawaterbottleonhand,drinkingwaterthroughouttheday.Bydoingso,youcancontrolyourappetitewhilealsomakingsureyourbodyisnotlackofwater.ExerciseMoreItseemslikeagiven–youexercise,youloseweight.However,it’snotonlythose10-milerunsthatmakeallthedifference.____20____Forinstance,parkfurtherawayatthegrocerystore,takethestepsinsteadoftheelevatorandjogonthespotduringTVadbreaksofyourfavoriteshow.A.UseSmallerDishesB.Controlyourfoodintake.C.Youhavetomakeplansforexercise.D.Alltoooften,wemistakethirstforhunger.E.Manysmallchangescanmakeasignificantdifference.F.Exercisedoesn’thavetobesomethingyouhavetothinkabouttodo,anditcanbefun.G.However,ifyouknewhowmanycalorieswereinthem,youmaydecidetochangeyourmind.【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了可以幫助你減肥的五件小事。【16題詳解】空前說(shuō)你可以通過(guò)每天做一些小事來(lái)減肥，感覺(jué)更健康，看起來(lái)更迷人，此處承接上文，講的是小事也能夠有大影響，故E項(xiàng)（許多微小的改變都會(huì)產(chǎn)生顯著的影響）符合語(yǔ)境?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，餐盤(pán)的直徑會(huì)對(duì)你吃多少食物產(chǎn)生巨大的影響，你的餐盤(pán)越大，裝的東西就越多，你吃的也就越多，因此本都主要講的是要用小一些的餐盤(pán)，故A項(xiàng)（用小一點(diǎn)的盤(pán)子）符合語(yǔ)境?！?8題詳解】空前說(shuō)坐在辦公桌前或沙發(fā)上吃一整袋薯片或一整包餅干是如此容易，下一段又說(shuō)如果你用食物日記或應(yīng)用程序記錄你吃了什么，吃了多少以及你吃的東西中含有多少卡路里，你可能更傾向于控制你的食物攝入量，因此此處講的內(nèi)容是關(guān)于一整袋薯片或一整包餅干中的卡路里含量的，故G項(xiàng)（然而，如果你知道其中含有多少卡路里，你可能會(huì)改變主意）符合語(yǔ)境。【19題詳解】空后說(shuō)你的身體需要的水可能比你喝的要多，你可能完全誤解了這些跡象，因此此處是說(shuō)口渴的時(shí)候我們會(huì)以為自己是餓了，故D項(xiàng)（我們常常把口渴誤認(rèn)為饑餓）符合語(yǔ)境。【20題詳解】空后說(shuō)例如，把車(chē)停在離雜貨店遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的地方，走臺(tái)階而不是坐電梯，在你最喜歡的電視廣告時(shí)段原地慢跑，這是對(duì)空處的舉例證明，證明鍛煉也可以是有趣的，故F項(xiàng)（鍛煉不一定是你迫不得已才去做的事情，它可以是有趣的）符合語(yǔ)境。【點(diǎn)睛】在七選五的解題過(guò)程中，對(duì)空處的起舉例說(shuō)明作用的句子往往是重要線索，這些句子通常是由forexample或forinstance引出的，例如本篇第5空，根據(jù)空后的“Forinstance,parkfurtherawayatthegrocerystore,takethestepsinsteadoftheelevatorandjogonthespotduringTVadbreaksofyourfavoriteshow.”可知，例如，把車(chē)停在離雜貨店遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的地方，走臺(tái)階而不是坐電梯，在你最喜歡的電視廣告時(shí)段原地慢跑，“Forinstance”表明這是對(duì)空處的舉例說(shuō)明，證明鍛煉也可以是有趣的，故F項(xiàng)（鍛煉不一定是你逼不得已才去做的事情，它可以是有趣的）符合語(yǔ)境。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Howdoyoukillyourtimeonyourwaytowork?Mostofusstareatourcellphones,and________tomakeeyecontactwithothers.Wejustread,____22____withothersonlineor____23____gamesonline.Ormaybewe're____24____thetimebetweenstopstodoourmakeup,catchuponemails,orreadafewchaptersofa____25____.However,DinaAlfasitakesavery____26____approach.Eachdayshehastotravelhourson____27____andtrainstogettoherengineeringjobatahospitalinIsrael.Ratherthanlookathercellphone____28____sheusesoneveryspecialwaytohaveconnectionwith____29____.Itisportraitsofthepeopleshe____30____onpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking.Thepaintingscatchthose____31____andpersonalmomentsofpeoplereadyingthemselvesforthedayahead.Somepeopleleantheirhead____32____thewindowandgotosleep,somestareintospaceandhaveadaydream,andothers____33____quietlytoreadtheirdocumentsorbooks.Each____34____catchesonetinymomentinpeople'slives,ripewithpotentialforyourimagination.Itis____35____forhertolookatsomeone'scommute(上下班)andmakeupanentirestoryabouttherestoftheirdailyexistence,fromthefathertravellingwithababy____36____thewomanwelcomingachange."Whatinspiresmeverymucharethelittle____37____thathappeneveryday,"Dina____38____MyModernMet."Myworkistotellstoriesthroughasingle____39____,anditprovesthatallyouneedisjusttolookaroundand____40____thosemagicmoments.".A.refuse B.attempt C.want D.plan22.A.agree B.share C.chat D.argue23.A.attack B.offer C.play D.afford24.A.cheating B.using C.applying D.contacting25.A.book B.photo C.crowd D.poster26.A.different B.same C.easy D.tough27.A.cars B.ships C.bikes D.buses28.A.inshort B.insilence C.asusual D.turnto29.A.friends B.teachers C.adults D.strangers30.A.reflects B.suffers C.meets D.employs31.A.quiet B.impossible C.noisy D.sharp32.A.after B.before C.along D.against33A.destroy B.fight C.sit D.prove34.A.picture B.factor C.data D.impression35.A.anxious B.wonderful C.actual D.gradual36.A.at B.to C.with D.in37.A.problems B.documents C.truths D.moments38.A.allowed B.arranged C.told D.disappeared39.A.choice B.portrait C.effort D.basis40.A.confuse B.improve C.explore D.find【答案】.A22.C23.C24.B25.A26.A27.D28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.C34.A35.B36.B37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述DinaAlfasi和其他人不同，她在上下班坐公共交通工具的路上，用畫(huà)乘客肖像畫(huà)來(lái)記錄所看到的人的一些小的瞬間，這讓她很快樂(lè)?！绢}詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們大多數(shù)人都盯著手機(jī)，拒絕和別人進(jìn)行眼神交流。A.refuse拒絕；B.attempt嘗試；C.want想要；D.plan計(jì)劃。根據(jù)前一句“Mostofusstareatourcellphones,”可知，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人盯著手機(jī)看，所以此處表示他們拒絕和別人進(jìn)行眼神交流。故選A。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們只是在網(wǎng)上看書(shū)、聊天或玩游戲。A.agree同意；B.share分享；C.chat聊天；D.argue爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)后文“…withothersonline”可知，此處指和別人在網(wǎng)上聊天。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.attack攻擊；B.offer提供；C.play玩耍；D.afford承擔(dān)得起。根據(jù)后文“gamesonline.”可知，此處指在網(wǎng)上玩游戲。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：或者，我們可能正在利用車(chē)站之間坐車(chē)的時(shí)間來(lái)化妝、回復(fù)電子郵件或閱讀一本書(shū)的幾章。A.cheating欺騙；B.using使用；C.applying申請(qǐng)，運(yùn)用；D.contacting聯(lián)系。根據(jù)后文“

thetimebetweenstops”可知，此處指利用坐車(chē)時(shí)間做其它事情。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.book書(shū)；B.photo照片；C.crowd人群；D.poster海報(bào)。由前文“readafewchaptersof

…”可知，此處指閱讀一本書(shū)的幾個(gè)章節(jié)。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。然而，DinaAlfasi采取了一種非常不同的方法。A.different不同的；B.same相同的；C.easy簡(jiǎn)單的；D.tough棘手的。根據(jù)前文描述人們坐車(chē)時(shí)做的事情和轉(zhuǎn)折副詞however可知，DinaAlfasi的方法與別人不一樣。故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天她都要在公交車(chē)和火車(chē)上行駛數(shù)小時(shí)才能到達(dá)以色列一家醫(yī)院的工程部工作。A.cars汽車(chē)；B.ships輪船；C.bikes自行車(chē)；D.buses公交車(chē)。根據(jù)后文“onpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking.

”可知，DinaAlfasi乘坐的是公共交通，所以此處指公交車(chē)。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：她不再沉默地看著手機(jī)，而是用一種非常特別的方式與陌生人建立聯(lián)系。A.inshort總之；B.insilence沉默地；C.asusual像往常一樣；D.turnto求助于。根據(jù)后文“sheusesoneveryspecialwaytohaveconnection

…”可知，DinaAlfasi并沒(méi)有默默地看手機(jī)，而是用特殊方式和別人交流。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.friends朋友；B.teachers老師；C.adults成年人；D.strangers陌生人。由前文描述可知，因?yàn)槌俗氖枪卉?chē)和火車(chē)，公共交通上都是陌生人，所以此處指用特殊方式和陌生人交流。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是她每天乘坐公共交通工具時(shí)遇到的人的肖像。A.reflects反映；B.suffers遭受；C.meets遇見(jiàn)；D.employs雇傭，使用。由空后“onpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking.

”可知，此處指乘坐公共交通遇到的人。故選C。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些畫(huà)捕捉了人們準(zhǔn)備迎接未來(lái)一天的寧?kù)o和個(gè)人時(shí)刻。A.quiet安靜的；B.impossible不可能的；C.noisy吵鬧的；D.sharp鋒利的。根據(jù)后文“Somepeopleleantheirhead

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thewindowandgotosleep,somestareintospaceandhaveadaydream,…quietlytoreadtheirdocumentsorbooks.”可知，總之指人們乘車(chē)時(shí)的安靜時(shí)刻。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：有些人把頭靠在窗戶(hù)上睡覺(jué)，有些人盯著太空做白日夢(mèng)，還有一些人安靜地坐著讀他們的文件或書(shū)。A.after在……之后；B.before在……之前；C.along沿著；D.against靠著。根據(jù)后文“thewindow”可知，此處指有些人把頭靠在窗戶(hù)上睡覺(jué)，所以此處需用介詞against“靠著”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.destroy破壞；B.fight戰(zhàn)斗；C.sit坐；D.prove證明。由空后“quietlytoreadtheirdocumentsorbooks.

”可知，還有一些人安靜地坐著讀他們的文件或書(shū)。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每一張圖片都捕捉到了人們生活中的一個(gè)微小時(shí)刻，充滿(mǎn)了你想象的潛力。A.picture圖片，照片；B.factor因素；C.data數(shù)據(jù)；D.impression印象。根據(jù)前文“Itisportraitsofthepeople…”可知，因?yàn)镈inaAlfasi畫(huà)乘客的畫(huà)像，所以此處指圖片。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)，看看別人上下班，然后編造出一個(gè)關(guān)于他們?nèi)粘Ｉ钇溆嗖糠值耐暾适?，從帶著孩子旅行的父親到歡迎改變的女性，這是一件很棒的事情。A.anxious著急的；B.wonderful美好的；C.actual實(shí)際的；D.gradual逐漸的。根據(jù)后文描述的內(nèi)容可知，DinaAlfasi認(rèn)為自己通過(guò)作畫(huà)這一特殊方式和別人交流是很美好的。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.at在某地，后接小地點(diǎn)；B.to向；C.with和；D.in在……里面。由空前“fromthefathertravellingwithababy”可知，空處需用介詞to，from…to…從……到……，固定搭配。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“每天發(fā)生的那些小瞬間給了我很大的啟發(fā)，”Dina告訴MyModernMet。A.problems問(wèn)題；B.documents文件；C.truths事實(shí)；D.moments時(shí)刻。由前文“…catchesonetinymomentinpeople'slives”可知，此處指每天發(fā)生的小瞬間。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.allowed允許；B.arranged安排；C.told告訴；D.disappeared消失。根據(jù)空后“MyModernMet”可知，這應(yīng)該是采訪Dina的一個(gè)媒體，所以此處用動(dòng)詞told，表示Dina告訴這家媒體。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的工作是通過(guò)一幅肖像來(lái)講述故事，它證明了你所需要的只是環(huán)顧四周，尋找那些神奇的時(shí)刻。A.choice選擇；B.portrait肖像畫(huà)；C.effort努力；D.basis基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)前文“Itisportraitsofthepeople…”可知，此處指乘客的肖像畫(huà)。故選B。【40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.confuse使困惑；B.improve改善；C.explore探索；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ookaround”可知，此處表示環(huán)顧四周，尋找那些神奇的時(shí)刻。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whywastheoxchosentobeoneofthe12Chinesezodiacsigns(生肖)?Centuriesago,mostpeople____41____(earn)theirlivingbyfarming.Theoxwasusedtohelpplow,cultivateandcarryheavygoods.TheoxhaslonghadasignificantplaceinChineseculture.AncientChinesepoetsand____42____(writer)frequentlydescribedtheoxinliterature.IntheClassicofPoetry,the____43____(old)existingcollectionofChinesepoetry,theanimalwasmentionedin9outofthe305pieces.Theox____44____(consider)asymbolofdiligenceandearnestnessinChineseculture.Tothisday,thephrase"thespiritofox"stillrefers____45____conqueringanythingthatmaypresenti