2022四川達(dá)州市高考英語閱讀理解和完形填空一輪自練(3)及答案

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項?！?022·山東省濟(jì)南市高考模擬】TowinanOscarisanachievementatanyage.Todosoat22，likeJenniferLawrence，isjustamazing.Recently，theAmericanstarwonBestActressatthisyear’sAcademyAwardsforherroleinthefilmSilverLiningsPlaybook.AccordingtoTimemagazine’sRichardCorliss，Lawrenceisarareyoungactresswholendsmatureintelligencetoanyrole.ThoughLawrencehasfoundgreatsuccessthroughherbigscreenwork，shewasn’tsurewhatshereallylikeddoingbeforetheageof14.Shethoughtshe’dgotocollegeandmaybefindacareerasadoctororatravelagent.Lawrence’stwobrotherswerestarathletesandoneofthemwasastraight-Astudent.Unlikethem，shesufferedthroughschool，neverfindingwhereshebelonged.However，duringatriptoNewYork，Lawrencesuddenlyrealizedthatshewantedtobeanactress.Whenshewasenjoyingthebeautifulcity，amodelseekeraskedifhecouldtakeherpicture，andthenextdayhecalledherinforanaudition(試鏡)．“IreadthescriptanditwasthefirsttimeIhadthatfeelinglikeIunderstandthis，”Lawrencesaid.“Within20minutesinthecabridefromthehotel，IdecidedIdidn’twanttobeamodel.Infact，Iwantedtobeanactress.”Havingappreciatedthisyounglady’sperformance，theagencywassoimpresedwithherreadingthattheysignedheronthespot.Butsheinsistedonfinishinghighschoolsoshecouldpayherfullattentiontoheractingcareer.LawrenceburstontotheHollywoodscenelastyearwithTheHungerGames，whichestablishedherasthehighest-grossing(票房最高的)femaleactionheroofalltime.RollingStonecalledher“themosttalentedyoungactressinAmerica”．1．WhichofthefollowingistrueofJenniferLawrence?A．Sheachievedherdreambychance.B．Sheusedtobeawell-knownmodel.C．ShewasawardedbytheAcademyAwards.D．Shewantedtobeanactressatanearlyage.2．WhatcanweknowaboutJenniferLawrencefromParagraph3?A．Herparentswerereallystrictwithher.B．Sheseemednottofitinwithherschoollifewell.C．Herschoolperformancemadehertoday’sfame.D．Hertwobrothersweredoingwellinallschoolsubjects.3．Lawrencemadeuphermindtobeanactressbecauseof________.A．a(chǎn)modelinterviewB．herbrothers’examplesC．thetaxiridetoherhotelD．thebeautifulsceneryofNewYork4．FromthetextwecanknowthatLawrenceisanactressofgreat________.A．confidence B．a(chǎn)mbitionC．independence D．talent5．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．ChoosingRight B．ActingWiselyC．WinningYoung D．FollowingDreams語篇解讀本文主要敘述了好萊塢明星詹妮弗·勞倫斯憑借自己的才能和努力飛向幻想的殿堂的故事。1．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的第三句“Recently，theAmericanstarwonBestActressatthisyear’sAcademyAwardsforherroleinthefilmSilverLiningsPlaybook.”可知應(yīng)選C。答案：C2．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的其次句“Unlikethem，shesufferedthroughschool，neverfindingwhereshebelonged.”可知她不是很適應(yīng)學(xué)校生活，所以選B。答案：B3．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，勞倫斯想成為一名演員的想法來源于一次模特面試，所以選A。答案：A4．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句中的“arareyoungactresswholendsmatureintelligencetoanyrole”和最終一段的其次句“RollingStonecalledher‘themosttalentedyoungactressinAmerica’”．可知應(yīng)選D。答案：D5．解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，JenniferLawrence年輕時憑借自己的才能和努力取得了成功。故最佳標(biāo)題為WinningYoung。答案：C。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項?！?021·濰坊5月模擬】“Oh，youmusthavebeenaspoiled(寵壞的)kid.Youmustbereallybossy.Iwonderwhatyou’regoingtobeliketodealwith？”That’softentheresponseAngelaHultgetswhenpeoplefindoutshe’sanonlychild，shetoldABCNews.Despitesuchnegative(消極的)remarks，Hulthasdecidedtohaveonlyonechildherself.Andshe’snotalone.AccordingtotheUS’OfficeforNationalStatistics，womenapproachingtheendoftheirchildbearingyearshadanaverageof1.9childrenin2004，comparedwith3.1fortheircounterpartsin1976.Thepercentageofone-childfamiliesinBritainhadrisenfrom18percentin1972to26percentin2007.Buteventhoughonlychildrenarebecomingincreasinglycommon，thetraditionalviewthatthey’reselfish，spoiledandlacksocialskillsholdsstrong.Evenparentsofonlychildren，likeHult，aremadetofeelguiltyabouthavingonlyonechild.Worriedthatthey’rebeingselfishandendangeringtheirchild’sfuture，theyflocktoonlinediscussionforumsseekingadvice.Soon，however，theyaskthemselves：isthissocialprejudicereallyreasonable?“Therehavebeenhundredsandhundredsofresearchstudiesthatshowthatonlychildrenarenodifferentfromtheirpeers(同齡人)，”SusanNewman，asocialpsychologistatRutgersUniversityintheUS，toldABCNews.Thisraisesanotherquestion：whyareonlychildrenstillviewedwithsuchsuspicion?“Thereisabeliefthat’sbeenaroundprobablysincehumansfirstexistedthattohavejustonechildissomehowdangerous，bothforyouandforthecontinuationofyourrace，”ToniFalbo，aprofessorofeducationalpsychology，toldtheGuardian.“Inthepastalotofchildrendied.You’dhavehadtobecrazytoonlyhaveone.”Times，ofcourse，havechangedandinfantmortality(嬰兒死亡率)haslargelyreduced.Sowhatdoonlychildrenthemselvessay?KayleyKravitz，abloggerforTheHuffingtonPost，grewupasanonlychildandhighlyrecommendstheexperience.“Beinganonlychildtaughtmethemostvaluableskillofall：theabilitytobealone，”shesaid.1．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Areonlychildrenlonely?B．Areonlychildrencommon?C．Areonlychildrendangerous?D．Areonlychildrendifferent?2．WhatdoesSusanNewmanmean?A．Onlychildrenareasgoodastheirpeers.B．Onlychildrenaremoreselfishandspoiled.C．Parentsfeelguiltyabouthavingonlyonechild.D．Parentswillendangertheironlychild’sfuture.3．Whatisthecommonbeliefsincehumanexisted?A．Theinfantdeathratealwaysstayshigh.B．Peoplearecrazytohaveonlyonechild.C．It’seasyforonlychildrentoearntheirliving.D．It’shardtocontinuethefamilylinewithonlyonechild.4．AnonlychildlikeKayley________.A．mustbedifficulttopersuadeB．canpossiblylearntobealoneC．shouldvaluespecialskillsD．needignorebadexperience5．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardshavingonlyonechild?A．Neutral. B．Negative.C．Positive. D．Doubtful.語篇解讀本文是一篇談?wù)撐?。盡管在英國越來越多的孩子都是獨生子女，但很多人對獨生子女的看法卻照舊如故，認(rèn)為他們自私、嬌氣、缺少社交技能。對此，獨生子女們有他們的看法。1．解析：標(biāo)題概括題。本文主要爭辯了獨生子女是否就是英國傳統(tǒng)觀念中的自私、嬌氣，缺少社交技能的人，所以D項最適合做文章的標(biāo)題，故選D。答案：D2．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段SusanNewman所說的話可知，成百上千的爭辯表明獨生子女和別的孩子沒有什么區(qū)分，故選A。答案：A3．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第六段中的“Thereisabeliefthat’sbeenaroundprobably...bothforyouandforthecontinuationofyourrace”可知，自從人類存在以來，人們就認(rèn)為只生一個孩子不論對你自己還是對種族的連續(xù)來說都是很危急的，故選D。答案：D4．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中“Beinganonlychild...theabilitytobealone”可知，選B。答案：B5．解析：觀點態(tài)度題。文中提到不同人對于獨生子女的不同觀點，但并沒有直接提到作者自己的看法，由此可知，應(yīng)選A，中立的。答案：A。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。Ifyouwerewalkingaroundasupermarketandsawawomanwithashavedhead,aringthroughhernose,atattoo（紋身）designonherarmandshehasasmallchildinhershopping

trolley,whatwouldyouropinionbe?Doyouthinkthiskindofbodydecorationisattractiveorugly?Differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.Thefollowingaresomeexamplesofbodydecorationfromaroundtheworld.Inmanypartsof

Africa,itisthoughtthatanattractivegirlshouldhavereallyshinnyskin.OnBali,alittleislandin

Indonesia,theybelievethatabeautifulwomanorhandsomemanmusthaveperfectlystraight,flatteeth.TheBalinesebelievethatteethwithpointededgesmakeyoulooklikeanuglywildanimal.Sowhenagirlorboybecomesateenager,heorsheistakentoaspecialpersonintheirvillagewhowillfileoffteethpointstomakethemsmoothandflat.Thereisnoanesthetic（麻藥）andthistoothfilingisreallypainful.Itisakindoftest.Ifyoucanstanditwithoutscreamingorcryingtoomuch,thenyouarethoughtreadytobecomeanadult.In

Myanmar,thereisasmallgroupofpeoplewhoarecalledthe“Papaung”.Theybelievethatawomancanonlybereallybeautifulifshehasalongneck.ImeanaVERYlongneck.Nowyoumightthinkthatyouareeitherbornwithalongorshortneckandthatthere’snothingwhateveryoucandoaboutit.Butyouwouldbewrong!Ataroundtheageof5,aPapaunggirlhasheavymetalringsfittedaroundherneck,tightlybetweenthechinandshoulders.Eachyearmoreringsareaddedandvery,veryslowlytheirweightpushestheshouldersdown,inthiswaymakingthenecklooklonger.APapaungwomanwillwearherneckringsallherlife,neveroncetakingthemoff.SonowI’msureyouwillallagreethatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisbeautiful.26.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraphone?A.Women’sdesign.

B.Beautifulbodydecoration.C.Bodydecoration. D.Attractivedecoration.

【答案】C【解析】大意歸納題。第一段講的是假如你在超市里見到一個剃光頭，穿鼻環(huán)，胳膊上有紋身并且在購物車?yán)锿浦粋€小孩的女人，你會有什么看法。你認(rèn)為這樣的裝飾是有魅力的還是丑陋的。由此可見答案選C。27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trolley”mean?A.schoolbag

B.luggage

C.basket D.shoppingcart

【答案】D【解析】詞義猜想題。由在超市里和“shehasasmallchild”可以推斷出，孩子是在購物車?yán)铩?8.On

Bali,itisbelievedthat_________.A.apersonwithstraight,flatteethlooksuglyB.apersonwithsharpteethlooksuglyC.ateenager’steethpointsmustbefiledoffwithanestheticD.noonewillscreamorcrywhenhavinghisteethpointsfiledoff【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“TheBalinesebelievethatteethwithpointededgesmakeyoulooklikeanuglywildanimal.”可知在巴厘島牙齒尖的人被認(rèn)為是丑陋的。29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Manypeoplethinkthatawomanwitharingthroughnoseisneitherattractivenorugly.B.MostAfricanpeoplethinkthatagirlwithshinnyskinisbeautiful.C.Itisthoughtthatabeautifulwomanshouldhavestraight,flatteethon

Bali.D.Somepeoplethinkitbeautifulthatawomanhasalongneckin

Myanmar.【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本文并沒有講到人們對于穿鼻環(huán)的女人有什么看法，只是舉這個例子來說不同的人有不同的觀點。所以A得說法不正確。30.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Differentideasaboutbeautiful.B.BodyDecoration.C.Whoisabeautifulwoman?D.Whatisbeautiful?【答案】D【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。通過本文介紹巴厘島和緬甸人對于秀麗的不用看法以及最終的“differentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisbeautiful.”可以總結(jié)出文章的標(biāo)題是“什么是秀麗？”完形填空閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從21-40各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。Itwastheoldlady’sbirthday.Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhenhecamedownthestreet，andalittleboy，Johnnie，__1__herlettersfromthegroundfloorontherare__2__whenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myra__3__forgethermother’sbirthday，evenifshe__4__wroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy，but？__5__，Enid，thedaughtertheoldladylovedmost，diedtwoyearsago.SincethenMyrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes，butherhusband，Harold，never.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestdress.Perhaps-perhapsMyramightcome.Afterall，eightywasa__6__birthday，anotherdecadelinedortoleratedjustasyouchosetolookatit.__7__Myradidnotcome，shewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywas__8__ofthat.Twospotsofcolour__9__hercheeks.Shewas__10__likeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday!Now，shestoodbythewindow，__11__.Thepostmanturnedroundthecorneronhisbicycle.Herheartbeat__12__.Johnniehadseenhimtooandrantothegate.Thenclatter(咔嗒聲)，clatterupthestairs.Johnnieknockedatherdoor.Hehadgotherpost-fourenvelopes.Threewereunclosedcardsfromoldfriends.Thefourthwasclosed，inMyra’swriting.Theoldladyfeltasharppainof__13__.Therewasnoparcelforher！Maybetheparcelwastoolargetocomebyletterpost.Thatwasit.Itwouldcomelaterbyparcelpost.Shesaidtoherself.Shemustbe__14__.Almost__15__shetoretheenvelopeopen.__16__inthecardwasapieceofpaper.WrittenonthecardwasamessageundertheprintedHappyBirthday-Buyyourselfsomethingnicewiththe__17__，MyraandHarold.Thechequemovedquicklytoandforintheairtothefloorlikeabirdwithabrokenwing.Slowlytheoldlady__18__topickitup.Herpresent！Her__19__present！With__20__fingersshetoreitintolittlebits.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了一個80歲老人在生日來臨之際對自己唯一的親人的殷殷期盼，但她最終盼來的確是一種無言的傷痛和無望。1.A.tookaway B．broughtupC．movedoff D．setdown解析依據(jù)語境可知，此句是說老人把信件從“thegroundfloor”拿到“thesecondfloor”。bringup意為“拿上來”，符合語境；takeaway意為“拿走，帶走”，moveoff“意為“離開，動身”，setdown意為“登記，放下”，均不符合語境。答案B2．A.occasion B．opportunityC．ceremony D．a(chǎn)nniversary解析依據(jù)語境可知，此處是指在特殊的“場合”，與下文的othertimes作對比。occasion意為“場合”，符合語境；opportunity意為“機(jī)會”，ceremony意為“典禮，儀式”，anniversary意為“周年紀(jì)念日”，均不符合語境。答案A3．A.mustn’t B．mightn’tC．wouldn’t D．needn’t解析依據(jù)語境可知，此處是指老人堅信女兒確定不會遺忘自己的生日。表示“確定不會”時，應(yīng)用wouldn’t。答案C4．A.occasionally B．a(chǎn)lwaysC．a(chǎn)lmost D．seldom解析依據(jù)下文可知，Myra由于工作繁忙，平常很少給媽媽寫信。seldom意為“很少，不常”，符合語境；occasionally意為“間或，間或”，always意為“總是，始終”，almost意為“差不多，幾乎”，均不符合語境。答案D5．A.Unhappily B．UnfortunatelyC．Unforgettably D．Unkindly解析依據(jù)常識可知，最愛的女兒Enid的離去自然是一件“不幸”的事情。unfortunately意為“不幸地”，符合語境；unhappily意為“不快樂地”，unforgettably意為“令人難忘地”，unkindly意為“薄情地，不客氣地”，均不符合語境。答案B6．A.casual B．remoteC．special D．conventional解析依據(jù)常識可知，“人生70古來稀”，80歲生日自然尤為“特殊”。special意為“特殊的”，符合語境；casual意為“任憑的，臨時的”，remote意為“遙遠(yuǎn)的，疏遠(yuǎn)的”，conventional意為“傳統(tǒng)的，常見的”，均不符合語境。答案C7．A.Evenif B．SothatC．Incase D．Nowthat解析句意為：即使Myra不來，她也會送一份禮物。由句意可知，前后分句之間為一種讓步關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用表示讓步關(guān)系的連詞evenif，意為“即使”。答案A8．A.proud B．capableC．sure D．a(chǎn)fraid解析依據(jù)下文的描述可知，老人堅信她的女兒即便不來也會送她禮物。besureof為固定短語，意為“堅信，確信”，符合語境。答案C9．A.sharpened B．weakenedC．widened D．brightened解析依據(jù)下文中的“Shewouldenjoyherday！”可知，此處應(yīng)指老人紅光滿面，面露喜色。brighten意為“使閃亮，使歡快，使露喜色”，符合語境。答案D1