【全程復(fù)習(xí)方略】2021高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)分類題庫(kù)：考點(diǎn)5-特殊題型

溫馨提示：此題庫(kù)為Word版，請(qǐng)按住Ctrl，滑動(dòng)鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)整合適的觀看比例，關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。一、短文改錯(cuò) -1-\l"_Toc361340758"二、信息匹配\七選五\六選五 -4-三、閱讀表達(dá) -4-\l"_Toc361340760"四、情景對(duì)話 -4-五、任務(wù)型閱讀 -4-\l"_Toc361340762"六、語(yǔ)音學(xué)問(wèn) -4-七、\l"_Toc361340764"其他 -4-考點(diǎn)5特殊題型一、短文改錯(cuò)(2021·大綱版全國(guó)卷)此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出推斷;如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤,在該行右邊橫線上畫(huà)一個(gè)勾(√);如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤),則按下列狀況改正:此行多一個(gè)詞:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉,在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該詞,并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個(gè)詞:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該加的詞。此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出改正后的詞。留意:原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不要改。Inmyfamily,therearethreepeople.Myfatherishardworkingbutgoestoworkinthefieldeveryday.76.

Heisn’tgoodattalkbuthegetsonwellwithother 77.

people.Mymotherisverymuchkindandis 78.

friendlytoeverybody.SowhenIhavetheproblem 79.

Iwillturntoherforhelp.MyfriendssayIamclever. 80.

Whentheteacherasksusverydifficultyquestions, 81.

I’llthinkquicklyandstandtoanswer.Athomemy 82.

fatheroftenthinksI’msilly.HesaidifIdecide 83.

todosomething,ittakeshimmuchtimestostopme. 84.

ThisishowIneedtoimproveinthefuture. 85.

76.【解析】but→and。此處前后之間是并列關(guān)系。77.【解析】talk→talking。begoodatdoingsth.擅長(zhǎng)做某事。78.【解析】去掉much。verykind表示“很和善”,此時(shí)very后面不需要加much。79.【解析】the→a。此處泛指問(wèn)題,所以在其前面加a。80.√81.【解析】difficulty→difficult。此處需要形容詞修飾后面的名詞questions。82.【解析】stand后面加up。此處表示站起來(lái)回答。stand表示“站”;standup表示“站起來(lái)”。83.【解析】said→says。本文用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)描述了家人的狀況,此處指父親現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常說(shuō),所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),依據(jù)主謂全都原則,應(yīng)用says。84.【解析】times→time。此處指阻擋我需要他一些時(shí)間。time表示時(shí)間時(shí),是不行數(shù)名詞,沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。85.【解析】how→what/where。句意:這是將來(lái)我需要提高的(地方)。improve若用作及物動(dòng)詞,后面缺少賓語(yǔ),依據(jù)句意可知,把how改為what。improve若用作不及物動(dòng)詞,依據(jù)句意可知,后面缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以把how改為where。(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處,每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。ThebookI’mreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.Itissaidtohavestartedintheearly1800’s.Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.Thiscustomsoonbecomesanothermealofday.Interesting,ithadaconnectionbytheBritishporcelain(瓷器)industry.TeainChinawastraditionallydrankfromcupswithouthandles.WhenteagotpopularinBritain,【答案】1.【解析】第一句中“I’mreading”作定語(yǔ)修飾Thebook,read為及物動(dòng)詞,所以去掉介詞of。2.【解析】第三句中Have改為Hvides前為主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。3.【解析】第三句中that改為which。逗號(hào)后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。4.【解析】第四句中becomes改為became。依據(jù)下文可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。5.【解析】第四句中day前加定冠詞the。6.【解析】第五句中Interesting改為Interestingly。位于句子開(kāi)頭,修飾整個(gè)句子,應(yīng)用副詞。7.【解析】第五句中by改為with/to。haveaconnectionwith/to表示“與……有聯(lián)系”。8.【解析】第六句drank改為drunk。應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),drink的過(guò)去分詞形式為drunk。9.【解析】第七句cup改為cups。依據(jù)文章可知cup應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.【解析】第八句grow改為growth。定冠詞the后應(yīng)加名詞形式,grow為動(dòng)詞,其名詞形式為growth。(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)短文改錯(cuò)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處,每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Ihardlyremembermygrandmother.Sheusedtoholdingmeonherkneesandsingoldsongs.Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.Sheisjustadistantmemoryformenow.Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.Hewastall,withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown,hewasstrongandpowerful.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.However,hewasthegentlestmanIhaveneverknown.【答案】1.【解析】其次句的holding→hold。此處是usedto表示“過(guò)去經(jīng)?！?后面接動(dòng)詞原形。2.【解析】第三句的passes→passed。依據(jù)句中的Iwasonlyfour可知,此處講的是過(guò)去的事情,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。3.【解析】第五句的much→well/clearly。依據(jù)下文的描述可知,作者對(duì)自己的祖父記憶猶新。所以把much改為well/clearly。4.【解析】第六句的shoulder→shoulders。shoulder是可數(shù)名詞,人有雙肩,所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。5.【解析】第六句的toward→to/into。turnfromAto/intoB表示“由一種狀況轉(zhuǎn)為另一種狀況”。6.【解析】第七句的himself→him。此處指膚淺的聲音使他和其他人不同。7.【解析】第七句的其次個(gè)he前面加and。hewasstrongandpowerful和Hehadadeepvoice是并列關(guān)系。8.【解析】去掉第八句的a。Infact是固定短語(yǔ),表示“事實(shí)上”。9.【解析】第八句的during→when。during是介詞,不能引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,when是連詞,可以引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,從句中的動(dòng)詞既可是短暫性動(dòng)詞也可是連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。此處需要表示時(shí)間的連詞,所以用when。10.【解析】第九句的never→ever。此處表示他是我生疏的最溫存的人。由此可知用ever。(2021·浙江卷)第一節(jié):短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)下面短文中有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。請(qǐng)?jiān)谟绣e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)上該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)上修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。DearDiary,HereIaminthemiddleofacity,350milesfarawayfromourfarmhouse.Doyouwanttoknowwhywemovelastweek?Dadlosthisjob,andasMomexplained,“Hewasluckytofindotherone.”HisnewjobmeantIhadtosaygoodbyetomyclassmate,myschoolorjusteverythingelseIloveintheworld.Tomakemattersbad,nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister,Maggie.Tomorrowisfirstdayofschool.Iamawfullytiring,butIknowI’llneverfallsleep.Goodnightandremember,you,deardiary,ismyonlysouvenirfrommypastlifeandmyonlyfriend.Yours,Rosemary【答案】1.【解析】第一句中去掉far距我們農(nóng)舍350英里外,前面有具體的數(shù)字,不用far。2.【解析】其次句中move→moved由lastweek判定此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。3.【解析】第三句中other→another此處句意為“他幸運(yùn)地又找到了一份工作”,故用another。4.【解析】第四句中classmate→classmates同班同學(xué)是可數(shù)名詞,所以用復(fù)數(shù)。5.【解析】第四句中or→and此處不是選擇關(guān)系而是并列關(guān)系,所以用and。6.【解析】第五句中bad→worse固定搭配,意思是“更糟的是……”。7.【解析】第六句中is后加the/my此處firstday前缺乏限定詞。8.【解析】第七句中tiring→tired我感到疲乏極了,不是令人疲乏的。9.【解析】第七句中sleep→asleep固定短語(yǔ),此處用形容詞asleep。10.【解析】第八句中is→are此處主語(yǔ)是you,故用are。（2021·四川卷）其次節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)下面短文中有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。請(qǐng)?jiān)谟绣e(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)單詞。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。留意:1.每句不超過(guò)兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤;2.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;3.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Todaywehadachemistrytest.Ifoundthetestdifficulty,butItriedhardlytodoit.SuddenlyMary,mybestfriend,askingmetolethertocopymyanswers.Afterthinkforsometime,Ilethercopymyanswers.Butafterthetest,allofuswerecalledtotheteacher’soffice.Theteacherwasangrybecausewehadsameanswersinthetests.Wewerewarnednottocheatagainsoshewouldneedtoseeourparents.Iwasveryupset.Ididn’tcheat.Iwasjusthelpingafriend.Whydoesshepunishme?【答案】1.【解析】其次句中的difficulty→difficult“find+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中用形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。2.【解析】其次句中的hardly→hardhard副詞,意為“努力地”,而hardly也是副詞,意為“幾乎不”。3.【解析】第三句中的asking→asked分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知本句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,結(jié)合上文的時(shí)態(tài),故該為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。4.【解析】去掉第三句中her后的tolet使役動(dòng)詞后接不帶to的不定式。5.【解析】第四句中的think→thinking介詞after之后的動(dòng)詞要改成動(dòng)名詞的形式。6.【解析】第五句中的all→both依據(jù)上下文來(lái)看指的是我和我的伴侶兩個(gè)人,故該為both。7.【解析】第六句中same前加thesame前必需有定冠詞the。8.【解析】第六句中的tests→test在第一句話中就提到了是一次化學(xué)測(cè)試,故該為單數(shù)形式。9.【解析】第七句中的so→or依據(jù)句意“我們被警告不能再作弊,否則的話她就會(huì)見(jiàn)我們的家長(zhǎng)。”可知前后兩個(gè)分句之間的語(yǔ)意關(guān)系為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故該為or。10.【解析】第十句中的does→did結(jié)合整篇短文的時(shí)態(tài)可知要改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(2021·遼寧卷)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。1.【解析】其次句中with→onspend...onsth.為固定搭配。2.【解析】第三句中去掉so這是一個(gè)句子,不需要連詞。3.【解析】第四句中have→hashardwork作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。4.【解析】第五句中healthy→health此處要用名詞。5.【解析】第七句中which→what此處需要what引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,且what作say的賓語(yǔ)。6.【解析】第八句中paid后加apayavisitto是固定搭配。7.【解析】第九句中her→his上文是him,此處要與上文全都。8.【解析】第十一句中step→stepped全文用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。9.【解析】第十二句中picture→pictures此處依據(jù)句意要用復(fù)數(shù)。10.【解析】第十三句中many→much此處用much表示程度。(2021·陜西卷)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線(),并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。MygrandfatherandIenjoyfishing.OneSundaymorningwegofishingatalake.Wetookoursfishingpolesandheadedforthelake.Assoonaswearrived,sowedroppedthelinesintothewater.Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.Iwantedtogiveup,andmygrandfathertoldmetowaitalittlelonger.Finally,therewereasuddenpullatthepoleandfishwascaught.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.Felthungry,webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.Itwasdelicious.【答案】1.【解析】其次句中g(shù)o→went。依據(jù)前面的時(shí)間判定用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.【解析】第三句中ours→our。充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)修飾名詞必需用形容詞性物主代詞。3.【解析】第四句中去掉so。前面是從句,此處是主句,不用連詞。4.【解析】第五句中Before→After。依據(jù)上下文推斷,應(yīng)是等了大約半小時(shí)后。5.【解析】第五句中impatiently→impatient。此處get是系動(dòng)詞,后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。6.【解析】第六句中and→but。依據(jù)上下文推斷,此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是轉(zhuǎn)折。7.【解析】第七句中were→was。therebe句型的主語(yǔ)是asuddenpull,故用單數(shù)形式。8.【解析】第七句中fish前加a。此處指一條魚(yú),表泛指,故用a。9.【解析】第八句中minute→minutes。在接下來(lái)的幾分鐘里,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.【解析】第九句中Felt→Feeling?，F(xiàn)在分詞用作緣由狀語(yǔ)。二、信息匹配\七選五\六選五（2021·北京卷）UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.71Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(鄉(xiāng)村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatBritainwasonlythebeginning.72Theprocessofurbanization—themigration(遷徙)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1900,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.73

Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.74Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.75Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.【文章大意】文章主要敘述了都市化進(jìn)展。71.【解析】選E。前面講了5500年前的狀況,再進(jìn)展應(yīng)當(dāng)是200年前,整句講第一個(gè)城市在5500年前就毀滅了,但直到200年前城市照舊只有少數(shù)人居住,故選E。72.【解析】選D。英國(guó)只是開(kāi)頭,很快,很多其他工業(yè)國(guó)家也變成了都市社會(huì),故選D。73.【解析】選B。當(dāng)今有超過(guò)82%的美國(guó)人住在城市,只有2%的住在農(nóng)場(chǎng),接下來(lái)自然是講其余的人住在哪里,故選B。74.【解析】選A。前面講即使在發(fā)達(dá)的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)也需要95個(gè)農(nóng)夫養(yǎng)活5個(gè)城市人,選項(xiàng)A正好是這一事實(shí)對(duì)城市進(jìn)展造成的結(jié)果。75.【解析】選F。在過(guò)去兩百年中,工業(yè)革命打破了城市與鄉(xiāng)村的平衡,后面敘述工業(yè)革命帶來(lái)的現(xiàn)代化對(duì)人口分布及農(nóng)業(yè)的影響,故選F。(2021·廣東卷)其次節(jié)信息匹配(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息,并依據(jù)要求匹配信息。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上將對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)的相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)字母涂黑。首先請(qǐng)閱讀下列雜志上的廣告內(nèi)容:A.B.C.D.E.F.以下是讀者為了獵取相關(guān)廣告具體信息的電子郵件,請(qǐng)匹配廣告內(nèi)容與郵件。答案：46~50.BECFD(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PublicSpeakingTraining·Getacoach51,sogethelp.Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses,herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthat’srightforyou.·FocusonpositivesAnytrainingyoudotobecomemoreeffectiveatpublicspeakingshouldalwaysfocusonthepositiveaspectsofwhatyoualreadydowell.Nothingcanhurtconfidencemorethanbeingtoldthatyouaren’tdoingwell.52,sogoodpublicspeakingtrainingshoulddevelopthoseinsteadoftellingyouwhatyoushouldn’tdo.·53

Ifyoufindapublicspeakingcoursethatlooksasthoughit’sgoingtogiveyoulotsofdosanddon’ts,walkaway!Yourbrainissofullofwhatyou’regoingtobetalkingabout.54.Asfaraswe’reconcerned,therearebasicallynohardandfastrulesaboutpublicspeaking.Youraudiencecanbeyourfriends.·YouareaspecialpersonnotacloneMostimportantly,goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits.55.Yourtrainingcourseshouldhelpyoubringoutyourpersonality,nottrytoturnyouintosomeoneyou’renot.A.Youaren’tlikeanybodyelseB.YoualreadydolotsofthingswellC.TurnyourbackontoomanyrulesD.Checktherulesaboutdosanddon’tsE.Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistoughF.Theonethingyoudon’twantisforthemtofallasleepG.Sotryingtoforceawholesetofrulesintoitwilljustmakethingsworse【答案】:51~55.EBCGA51.【解析】選E。依據(jù)“sogethelp”可知E項(xiàng)中的“tough”符合語(yǔ)境。依據(jù)下句中的“...readytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses...”也可知開(kāi)頭說(shuō)的與publicspeaking有關(guān),故選E項(xiàng)。52.【解析】選B。依據(jù)本段第一句中“...focusonthepositiveaspectsofwhatyoualreadydowell.”可知演講內(nèi)容要集中在所做的成功的事情上,依據(jù)so可知此處與后句形成因果關(guān)系,所以B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。53.【解析】選C。依據(jù)本部分第一句中的“...giveyoulotsofdosanddon’ts,walkaway!”可知要對(duì)條條框框說(shuō)不,所以C項(xiàng)概括了這部分的主旨大意。54.【解析】選G。依據(jù)上句“Yourbrainissofullofwhatyou’regoingtobetalkingabout.”可知此空與前一句形成因果關(guān)系,腦子里裝滿了條條框框只會(huì)使?fàn)顩r變得更糟。G項(xiàng)符合上下文語(yǔ)境。55.【解析】選A。依據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“Youareaspecialpersonnotaclone”及本段第一句中的“treatyouasaspecialone”可知本部分講的是與眾不同,故答案為A項(xiàng)。(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)其次節(jié)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Businessistheorganizedapproachtoprovidingcustomerswiththegoodsandservicestheywant.Thewordbusinessalsoreferstoanorganizationthatprovidesthesegoodsandservices.Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit(利潤(rùn))—thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.71Commonlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.72

Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,direction,andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness.73Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.74Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.Directionisconcernedprimarilywithsupervision(監(jiān)管)andguidancebythemanagementinauthority.75

A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwork.B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.【答案】:71~75.DCGEA(2021·陜西卷·E)其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從下框的A~F選項(xiàng)中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。A.Adultskeeppetswiththeirchildren.B.Pet-keepinghasaverylonghistory.C.Pet-keepingmaydoharmtoanimals.D.Peoplekeeppetsfortheiraestheticneed.E.Cagedpetsbecomeincreasinglypopular.F.Pet-keepingishelpfulforchildren’sgrowth.61.Pet-keepingisatime-honouredtradition.Oneofthereasonsforpeopletoraisedogsorcowswasusefulness.Whilepeopleinthepasthuntedanimalsandkeptthemintheirbackyards,thecivilisedmantodayislesscrueltowardsthemandislessexploitative(利用的).62.Wekeepanimalsaspetsbecausetheyareattractive.Weallhavetheurgetopossesssomethingthathasaesthetic(美學(xué)的)value,andthatiswhywetreasurepaintingsorfinefurniture.Keepingpetsisoneformofthisurge.ASiamesecatinthehousecanbeadecorativeobject.Petsareplayfulanimalsandtheyamuseus.Alittlerabbitamusesusbyitsplayfulandlivelyruns.63.Manyparentsfindithelpfultohavepetsinthehousefortheirchildren.Havingpetsisanexcellentwayofdevelopinginchildrentheloveofanimalsandresponsibility.Childrengettheopportunitytotakeonfullresponsibilityforanothercreature’slife.Itwillbeaneducationalexperienceforachildtowatchthenaturallifecycleofananimal.Therearepsychological(心理的)benefitsforchildren.Petsarewelcomefriendsforchildrenwhoarelonely.Petsareexcellentcompanions.Keepingpetsmeansgivingloveandbeingloved.Wefindcomfortingivingcareandreceivingcareinreturn.Wegetpleasurefromtheirappearanceandtheirbehaviour.64.Asmorepeoplemoveintoapartments,therearelimitationsonkeepingofanimalslikedogsandmonkeys.Therefore,cagedanimalshaveincreasedinpopularity.Birdsfallintothisgroup.Wekeepthemfortheirbeautifulsongsandfeathers.Fish-keepingisawidespreadhobbyandthekeepercanobservetheirbehaviourintheglasstankandstudyitsentirelifecycle.Thecatisafinehousepetanditfitsneatlyintohumanhabitation(居住地)withoutrequiringitsowncage.Theyarewonderfulhunters,ifthereareratsaround.65.Petssatisfyman’sdesiretocareforabitofnature.Thepetownerhastheresponsibilityforsupplyingthoseneedsthatnatureprovides.Petsareamusingandentertaining,butweareinawaydoinganimalsharmbymakingthemliveinahumanenvironment.Arewenotenslaving(奴役)them?61.【解析】選B。依據(jù)第一句話養(yǎng)寵物是一個(gè)有悠久歷史的傳統(tǒng),可推知答案。62.【解析】選D。本段主要講了養(yǎng)寵物的緣由是它們可愛(ài)、吸引人,故選D。63.【解析】選F。本段從多個(gè)方面敘述了養(yǎng)寵物對(duì)于孩子成長(zhǎng)的好處。64.【解析】選E。依據(jù)本段其次句可知,籠養(yǎng)寵物由于人們多居住公寓樓房而變得盛行。65.【解析】選C。本段主要論述了養(yǎng)寵物滿足了人的需求,可是卻損害了動(dòng)物本身。(2021·浙江卷)其次節(jié):下面文章中有5個(gè)段落需要添加首句(第61~65題)。請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出適合各段落的首句,并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。A.Timecanrunout.B.Tomorrowwon’tbebetter.C.Ideasneedtimetodevelop.D.Yourprofessorwillbeimpatient.E.Youblowoffyourchancesforhelp.F.You’reprobablyoverestimating(高估)thepain.NeverPutoffUntilTomorrowWhatYouCanDoTodayWanttoputoffstudyingforthephysicstest?Orwritingthatthirty-fiveresearchpaperonfutureusesofbiotechnology?Sureyoudo?Andwhowouldn’t?Butit’sstillasillyideatoputoffdoingsomethinguntilafuturetime.Here’swhy...61.Thetaskwillbestillthesame.Itwon’tbeanymorefunandyoustillwon’twanttodoit.Asthedeadlinegetscloserandcloser,thetaskseemstobecomelargerandlargerifyouhaven’tstartedthework.Andthestressincreases.Nownotonlydoyouhavetowritethatpaper,youhavetodoitundergreatpressure.62.Beforeyoustart,itseemsthatthetaskisunlikelytobeaccomplished.Butyouknowwhat?You’reprobablymiscalculating.Getstarted—maybeonasmallpiece—andyou’lldiscoverthatyouhavemoreresourcesandknowmoreaboutthesubjectthanyouthought.Result?Youwon’texperiencenearlyasmuchsufferingasyouexpectedto.Thingsareguaranteed—100percent—togetbetter.63.Ifyouleaveyourworkuntilthenightbeforeit’sdue,yougiveupthepossibilityofgettinginputfromyourprofessor.Professorsregularlygiveadvice—oratleastafewusefultips—duringofficehours.Unfortunately,though,theydon’tusuallyholdofficehoursatmidnight,soyou’llbeoutofluckwhenyoudiscoverthenightbeforethemidtermthatyouhavenoideahowtodothequestionthatwillcountfortwo-thirdsofyourgrade.64.Everwonderwhytheprofessorassignsthepapertwoweeksbeforeit’sdue?It’sbecauseheorsheexpectsyoutobethinkingabouttheissue,ordoingtheresearch,fortwoweeks.No,noteverywakingmoment,butatleastsomeofthetime.Afterall,theprofessorcouldjustaseasilyhavegiventheassignmentoneweekbeforeitwasdueifheorsheexpectedlessthinking.Mostcollegepapersrequireyoutohavesomekindofidea,thentospendsometimethinkingaboutit,revisingit,andpolishingit.Whenyouthrowtogetherapaperorareportatthelastminute,yourideasarehalf-baked.Andyourprofessorwillknowit.65.Ifyouputthingsofftillthelastminute,youmightfindthatyouhaven’tbudgetedenoughminutestofinishthenecessarytasks.It’stheeasiestthingintheworldtomiscalculatehowlongit’lltaketodoalltheworkespeciallywhennewissuesarise—likeillness,familyproblems,computerbreakdowns,troubleatwork,andalltheotherthings—asyou’rethinkingthroughyourpaperargumentorpreparingyourselfforthecomingtest.Ifyoukeepdelaying,youdon’tallowyourselftimeforthosevariouslifeeventsthathaveanadverse(不利的)effectonyourabilitytocompleteyourassignment.【答案】61~65.BFECA（2021·四川卷）其次節(jié)依據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,從對(duì)話后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)—James,canIhavesomeblacktea?—Sure.51

—Well,justalittle,please.—Twoteaspoons?—52Ihavegainedsomeweightthesedays.(Minuteslater.)—Howniceitis!—53

—Yes,please.Doyoumindmesmokinghere?—54Idon’twanttohavesecondhandsmoke.Wouldyoulikesomecookies,instead?Eatingmoreandsmokinglesswilldoyougood.—55

A.Ofcourse!B.Anysugar?C.Okay,thanks.D.Well,goahead.E.No,oneisenough.F.Howdoyouwantitmade?G.Wouldyoulikesomemore?51.【解析】選B。依據(jù)答語(yǔ)“要一點(diǎn)”可知要往紅茶里加?xùn)|西,故選B項(xiàng)。52.【解析】選E。依據(jù)問(wèn)句“兩勺?”和答語(yǔ)“我最近又胖了?！笨芍灰敲炊?故選E項(xiàng)。53.【解析】選G。依據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知問(wèn)話人問(wèn)的是一般疑問(wèn)句,故選G項(xiàng)“還要點(diǎn)嗎?”。54.【解析】選A。依據(jù)答語(yǔ)“Idon’twanttohavesecondhandsmoke”可知答話人是介意別人吸煙的,故選A項(xiàng)。55.【解析】選C。針對(duì)上文的建議“Eatingmoreandsmokinglesswilldoyougood.”,答話人一般會(huì)表示感謝,故選C項(xiàng)。(2021·遼寧卷·閱讀其次節(jié))ForgivenessToforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.71Trythefollowingsteps:Calmyourself.72Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don’twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.73Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender(冒犯者).Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.74Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.75Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.A.Whyshouldyouforgive?B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?C.Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle.E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F.Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.G.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.【文章大意】本文介紹了原諒他人的重要性以及如何學(xué)會(huì)原諒他人。71.【解析】選B。依據(jù)下文的Trythefollowingsteps可知下面要講的是如何學(xué)會(huì)原諒他人。72.【解析】選F。依據(jù)本段的標(biāo)題Calmyourself可知本段講的是把握怒火,不要生氣。73.【解析】選G。本段講的是不要等待別人的賠禮,與此相關(guān)的只有G。74.【解析】選D。依據(jù)下一句話可知,此處表示要站在別人的角度看問(wèn)題。75.【解析】選E。本段敘述的是要原諒自己,與此相關(guān)的是E。三、閱讀表達(dá)（2021·湖南卷）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.“Let’sTalk”:TheFreeAdviceProjectAfewweeksago,ItookawalkaroundWashingtonSquarePark.Imetalltheusualpeople:streetperformers,thePigeonGuy,agroupofguitaristssinginginharmony.Aweekortwolater,Isetupaninterviewwithherandwediscussedherprojectatlength.LisaPodell,32,startedtheFreeAdviceProjectthispastMay.Itbeganasanexperiment;shesatinWashingtonSquareParkforadaywithasignthatread“FreeAdvice”asasimplewaytoreachouttopeople.Podellwasastonishedatthestrongresponse.Podelladmitsthatshewasdoubtfulatfirst,butnowshedescribestheprojectasmutually(相互地)beneficial.Peoplelearnfromher—butshealsolearnsfromthem.Shesaysthatthemajorityofthosewhocometoheraredealingwithsomeprettyheavyissues,andtheyexpecthernotonlytolisten,butalsotoproviderealanswers.Havingworkedasafulltimeteacherandnowasanadolescentadvisor,Podellbelievesthattalkingthingsoutisimportantinthedecision-makingprocess.Sometimes,peoplewalkaroundallday,keepingtheirproblemsintheirownheadandthinkingabouttheminthesameway.Podellsimplytriestoprovidepeoplewithperspective.IaskedifthereisafutureplanfortheFreeAdviceProject.PodellsaidshewouldliketopromoteittoeachpublicspaceinNewYork,whichwouldbecarriedoutbyvariousvolunteersacrossthecity.Itwastrulyinspiringtomeetsomeonewithsuchabigheart,especiallyinNewYork—whereitissometimesveryhardtofindanybodytolisten.(303words)81.InwhatwaywasPodelldifferentfromotherpeopleinthepark?(Nomorethan6words) (2marks)82.WhatdopeopleinneedexpectPodelltodo?(Nomorethan10words)(3marks)83.AccordingtoPodell,whatshouldpeopledowhenmakingdecisions?(Nomorethan6words)(2marks)84.HowwouldPodellpromoteherprojectinNewYork?(Nomorethan15words)(3marks)81.【解析】Shewasgivingfreeadvice.依據(jù)第一段...awomandoingsomethingvastlydifferent—givingfreeadvice.一句可知她的不同之處在于她為別人供應(yīng)免費(fèi)的建議。82.【解析】Theyexpecthertolistenandproviderealanswers.依據(jù)第四段theyexpecthernotonlytolisten,butalsotoproviderealanswers可知人們不僅期望她的傾聽(tīng),也期望她給出真正的答案。83.【解析】Theyshouldtalkthingsout.第五段中...Podellbelievesthattalkingthingsoutisimportantinthedecision-makingprocess.告知我們Podell認(rèn)為做打算時(shí)人們應(yīng)當(dāng)把事情說(shuō)出來(lái)。84.【解析】Shewouldpromoteittoeachpublicspacewiththehelpofvolunteers.依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中...wouldbecarriedoutbyvariousvolunteersacrossthecity.可知Podell在紐約依靠志愿者來(lái)推動(dòng)她的項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)展。(2021·江西卷)第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)閱讀下面短文并回答問(wèn)題,然后將答案寫(xiě)到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上(請(qǐng)留意問(wèn)題后的詞數(shù)要求)。[1]Fishingisprobablytheworld’smostpopularsport.Peoplespendmanydollarseachyearonitemslikeboatsandfour-wheel-drivevehicles.Inaddition,theyspendmoneyonfishingequipment,bait,fuelandboatrepairs.Andyoucanseethatfishingcanbeanexpensivepastime.Fishingloversbelievethattheirhobbyisworthit.Otherssaythatfishingisspoilingtheenvironmentandthatitisacruelhobby.[2]Supportersoffishingsaythatitisanicehobby.Firstly,ofthemillionsofpeoplewhofishforfun,mostonlycatchenoughfishtofeedtheirfamilies.Theycatchfishthatarefoundinlargenumbers,sothereislittledangertothespecies(種類).[3]Secondly,recreationalfishermencontributetotheec