八年級(jí)英語Water課件3

Chapter1WaterReadingstreamVocabularyThecloudsarefloatinginthesky.Waterfreezesat0degreescentigrade.tapsinkdrainpipessewagesewageplantwatertreatmentworksVocabulary1drain:apipeortubetoletwastewaterflowaway2faint:thatyoucannothear/see/smellclearly3freeze:becomeiceofsolid;stopmovingsuddenly4impatient:angryathavingtowait5nod:moveyourheadupanddowntoshowagreement6plant:buildingwithmachinesinin7precious:veryvaluable8pump:pushbymachine9relax:restfromworkVocabulary10sewage:dirtywaterandwastematter11sink:afixedbasinforwashinghandsandface12speed:movequickly13thorough:complete14treatment:somethingdonetochangeathing/person15vanish:disappear16view:whatyoucanseefromaplaceoraposition17weird:strange

Fillintheblankswithproperwords.Healwaysthinksdifferentlyfromothers,somanyneighboursthinkheisa_______man.Iboughtasetofpostcardswithdifferent_________ofLondon.Thedoctorgavehima___________examinationbeforetellinghimtheproblem.Afteradayofhardwork,Ineedtostayathomeand________myself.He________toshowthatheagreedwithme.wierdviewsthoroughrelaxnodded

Fillintheblankswithproperwords.6Wehadtocallaplumbertofixtheblocked__________.7Hewassoweakthathecouldonlyspeakina__________voice.8Thetrainwasanhourlateandthepassagersbecame____________.9Nothingismore__________thanfrendshipandlove.10Canyouhelpmeto_______thewaterformthewell?drainfaintimpatientpreciouspump

Fillintheblankswithproperwords.11Thelanditself_________(up)insuchlowtemperatures.12Youmustputonyourcoat!It’s_________outside!Watergoestoawater___________plantbeforeitcomestoourhome.Heis__________dangerouslyinhiscar.Whenthe________closeddown,manyfactoryworkerslosttheirjobs.freezesfreezingtreatmentspeedingplantcFindthemeaningsA1faint2nodded3treatment4sewage5plant6pump7weirdBasomethingdonetochangeapersonorthingbpush(bymachine)cdifficulttoheardverystrangeemovedherheadupanddownfbuidlingcontainingmachinesgwastematteranddirtywaterEReadandthinkPeteristalkingtoJudyaboutthestory.Hewantstofindoutthereasonsforsomethings.ReadwhatPetersaysandcompleteJudysreasons.Putonewordineachblank.EReadandthink1Whywasthevoiceimpatient?

BecauseDaisywaswastingwater.2WhydidDaisynodherhead?

Becausesheknewwherethe

DongjiangRiverwas.3Whydidthewatergotoatreatmentworks?

Becauseitwasdirtyafteritsjourney.EReadandthink4Whydidthewatersay,“Iwillbebackintheseaagain’?Becauseitcamefromtheseainthefirstplace.5Whydidthewatersayitwaslikeliquidgold?

Becauseitbelievedthatitwasprecious.6WhydidDaisy’sbrotherthinkshewasweird?Becauseshesaid,‘Iwastalkingtothewater.’DFindthefactsThemapontherightshowsthewater’sjourney.Readthearticleandmarkthenamesofthedifferentplacesonthemap.cloudstreamTheDongjiangRiverreservoirwatertreamentworkssewageplanttheseaReadfordetailsHowmanyplacesdidthedropofwatertravel?Whatdiditdoorwhatwasdonetoitthere?Readthetextcarefullyandfinishthechartaboutthewater’sjourney.Water'sjourneyWhere?Whatwasdonethere?1InYunan2mountain-DongjiangRiver3reservoir4watertreatmentworks125underthestreet6bathroom7asewageplant128theseawillrisefromtheseatotheskyfloatedcomfortablyinaclouddroppedintoastreamandspeddownrelaxedforafewdaysgivenathoroughcleaningafewchemicalswereaddedtraveledinthepipescameoutofthetapcleaneduppumpedintotheriverWaterwaspouringintothesinkandvanishingdownthedrain.Lookatthepicturesandfindasentencefromthetext:IwasfloatingcomfortablyinacloudinYunnan.Iwasdroppedintoasteambythecloud.Iwascarriedtoareservoir.Irelaxedthereforafewdays.Iwasgivenathoroughcleaning.Findthephrases:

刷牙關(guān)水龍頭四周看欣賞風(fēng)景飛流下山水廠徹底清潔添加污水處理廠最初1brushone’steeth2turnthetapoff/turnoffthetap3lookround/lookaround4enjoytheview5speeddownthemountain6watertreatmentworks7athoroughcleaning8addtoasewageplantinthefirstplaceFindthephrases:11旅行的結(jié)束12液體金子13等一會(huì)14搖頭15一升液體16從．．出來17從下水道消失18是的時(shí)候了11theendofthejourney12liquidgold13waitaminute14shakeone’shead15alitreofliquid16comeoutof…17vanishdownthedrain18It’stimetodo…ListeningListentothecoin’sstory.Numberthepictures.12345678Tapescript1Hi!Iamaone-yuancoin!Iwasborninamint.Thatiswherenewmoneyismade.Iwaslovelyandshinythen.Iwaswithlotsofothercoins.2Theyputmeinabagandtookmetoabank.Isatinthatbagatthebankforafewdays.3Thenacashieratthebankgavemetoacustomer.Heneededsomebagsofcoinsforhisshop.Tapescript4Thatmanhadacakeshop.Hegavemetoawoman.Shewasbuyingsomecakes.Shegavehim50yuan.Iwqaspartofherchange.5Thatwomanputmeinherpurse.Butlater,shedroppedherpurseontheground,andIrolledaway.Shefoundherothermoney,butshedidnotfindme.Tapescript6Istayedontheroadforalongtime.Igotverydirty.Thenanoldmanfoundme.Hewasveryhappytoseeme!7Theoldmantookmetoafoodstall.Heboughtsomefoodandgavemetoyourmother.Shegavemetoyouaspocketmoney.8Thenyouwashedmetomakemecleanagain.IfeltsohappythatIdecidedtotellyoumystory!Language被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)概念理解

謂語動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)表示句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系。（1）當(dāng)句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，主、謂之間的關(guān)系稱為主動(dòng)語態(tài)；（2）當(dāng)句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，主、謂之間的關(guān)系稱為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：

HeteachesusEnglish.

（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）他教我們英語。

OurEnglishistaughtbyhim.

（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）我們的英語是由他教的。

HespeaksEnglish.

（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）他說英文。

Englishisspokeninmanycountriesallovertheworld.

（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）世界許多國(guó)家都講英語。

在被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中，謂語部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是be+過去分詞。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子有時(shí)態(tài)的變化，這個(gè)變化反映在be動(dòng)詞上。也就是說，把一個(gè)句子做成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子，只需要寫出be動(dòng)詞的所需時(shí)態(tài)，再加上所給動(dòng)詞的過去分詞就行了。當(dāng)然，這只是指謂語部分而言。我們知道，be動(dòng)詞作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的謂語動(dòng)詞有自己現(xiàn)在分詞（being）和過去分詞（been）。那么，下面我們來看看be在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的變化形式：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)否定式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)ItellIamtoldIamnottold一般過去時(shí)ItoldIwastoldIwasnottold一般將來時(shí)IwilltellIwillbetoldIwon’tbetold現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)I’mtellingIambeingtoldIamnotbeingtold現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)IhavetoldIhavebeentoldIhaven’tbeentold例如：

1.EnglishisspokeninNewZealand.2.Iwasn’tinvited,butI’vecomeanyway.3.Itisgoingtobemadebyhim.4.Hewillbetoldlateron.

5.Thebuildinghasbeenbuiltforthreeyears.6.Thedishescanbewashedinhalfanhour.7.Mycarisbeingrepaired.Englishisspokeninmanycountriesallovertheworld.（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）世界上許多國(guó)家都講英文。

SomeTVsetsforsaleinthedepartmentstorewerestolenlastnight.（一般過去時(shí)）那家商場(chǎng)用來出售的部分電視機(jī)昨晚被盜。

Hewon'tbeallowedtomarryLarrabyhisfather.（一般將來時(shí)）他父親不會(huì)讓他娶拉拉為妻的。

Theywouldbesenttothearmywhentheyfinishedthetraining.（過去將來時(shí)）他們結(jié)束訓(xùn)練時(shí)將被派往部隊(duì)。

Theprojectisbeingcarried

out.（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）這個(gè)計(jì)劃正在執(zhí)行中。

Thecasewasbeinginvestigatedthen.（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）那時(shí)這案子正在調(diào)查中。

Thisnovelhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.

（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。

Theysaidthatproductioncostshadbeenreduced.

（過去完成時(shí)）他們說生產(chǎn)成本已經(jīng)下降了。一般來說，在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪?，能用主?dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)候就盡量不去用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。只有在下列情況中我們才用被動(dòng)語態(tài)：(1)不清楚動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰,例如:

Thefrontwindowintheclassroomwasbrokenyesterday.

昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(2)說話人對(duì)賓語的興趣大于對(duì)主語的興趣（這時(shí)可用by引導(dǎo)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者），例如：

MyTVsetisbeingrepairedintheshop.

我的電視機(jī)正在這店里修。(3)出于修辭的原因，或是說為了更好地安排句子。幾種特殊的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(1)關(guān)于帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)

帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的固定句式為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞”。例如：Thedebtmustbepaidoffbeforenextmonth.那筆債務(wù)必須在下個(gè)月前付清。Oilcanbeturnedintoenergybyburningit.

油經(jīng)過燃燒可變?yōu)槟茉础?2)關(guān)于帶有兩個(gè)賓語的主動(dòng)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)態(tài)

我們先來看看“帶有兩個(gè)賓語的主動(dòng)態(tài)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)”，重點(diǎn)看謂語部分：

Shesentmeanovelonmybirthday.

主謂間接賓語直接賓語狀語

Iallowedhimanhourtofinishthework.

主謂間接賓語直接賓語狀語Shesentmeanovelonmybirthday.(主動(dòng))

Iwassentanovelonmybirthday.(被動(dòng))

Anovelwassenttomeonmybirthday.(被動(dòng))

Mybrotherboughtmeawatchyesterday.(主動(dòng))

Iwasboughtawatchyesterday.(被動(dòng))

Awatchwasboughtformebymybrotheryesterday.(被動(dòng))幾種特殊的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(3)關(guān)于帶有復(fù)合賓語的主動(dòng)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)態(tài)

如果將帶有復(fù)合賓語（既：賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語）的主動(dòng)態(tài)的句子變成被動(dòng)態(tài)的句子，我們只能選擇原來句子的賓語作被動(dòng)態(tài)句子的主語．例如：

Thestorymadeuslaugh.

Weweremadetolaughbythestory.

Theyaskedmetohelpthem.Iwasaskedtohelpthem.Wesawthemcomingover.

Theywereseencomingover.幾種特殊的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)鞏固練習(xí)()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.

A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound

()2English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken

()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.

A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung

()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade

()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveusedGroup1BDDDC鞏固練習(xí)Group2()1Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep

()2-I'dliketobuythatcoat.

-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold

()3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding

()4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft

()5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed

()6Hisnewbook___nextmonth.

A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublishedBCBBCAAlotofbooks______inEnglish.A.arewrittenB.arewritingC.havewrittenOurschoollibrary______in1990.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuiltC.built3.–Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?--Notyet.Therooms_______.A.arebeingpaintedB.arerepairedC.havebeenpainted4.English______almostinalltheschoolsinChina.A.taughtB.istaughtC.isteaching5.Thephotoofthenewhospitalinmyhometown_____lastsummer.A.tookB.istakenC.wastaken6.Thetreesintheforest_______.A.canbenotcutB.notcanbecutC.cannotbecut7.Middleschoolboys______nottosmoke.A.alwaysB.aretoldalwaysC.arealwaystoldABABCCC鞏固練習(xí)Group3

主動(dòng)語態(tài)改被動(dòng)語態(tài)的原則1.主動(dòng)句=主語

+及物動(dòng)詞

+賓語被動(dòng)句=主語

+be+p.p.+by

賓語e.g.HelovesherSheislovedbyhim.Marywrotetwoletters.TwoletterswerewrittenbyMary.

主動(dòng)語態(tài)改被動(dòng)語態(tài)步驟如下：（1）主動(dòng)句的賓語變成被動(dòng)句的主語。（如為代詞改為主格）（2）將主動(dòng)句的動(dòng)詞改為be+p.p

。被動(dòng)句的be動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)同于及物動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞的人稱、數(shù)同于被動(dòng)句的人稱、數(shù)。（3）主動(dòng)句的主語，置于by之后。（如為代詞改為賓格）

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句型：(1)肯定句

Theroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.(2)否定句

Theroomisnotcleanedbyuseveryday.(3)疑問句Istheroomcleanedeveryday?(4)特殊疑問句

Whatisthedressmadeof?III.幾種特殊類型的被動(dòng)句：“S+V.+O1+O2”的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：

Myhusbandgavemearing.Iwasgivenaringbymyhusband.Aringwasgiventomebymyhusband.2.含“感官或使役動(dòng)詞”的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+beseenheard+todofeltmade

Isawhimentertheroom.=Hewasseentoentertheroom.Imadehimgo.=Hewasmadetogo(byme).3.帶補(bǔ)足語句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：TheycallhimBob.=HeiscalledBob(byhim).4.不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞=及物動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：Marylaughedatme.=IwaslaughedatbyMary.Shetookcareofthechildren.=Thechildrenweretookcareofbyher.1.Peoplehaveputbackpartsofstatuestogether.Partsofstatueshavebeenputbacktogether.Practice:changethefollowingsentencesinpassivevoice.2.Peoplehavereplacedthemissingpieces.Themissingpieceshavebeenreplaced.3.Hehasinvitedthefamousscientisttogiveaspeech.