廣東省深圳市福田區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

廣東省深圳市福田區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五總分評(píng)分一、第二部分，閱讀，第一節(jié)，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀理解Leather-makinginFlorencedatesbackhundredsofyearstothe13thcentury.AlookatleathercraftsmeninFlorencewillhelpyouknowmoreaboutItalianleather.Theleatherfactory－PIEROTUCCIJoinafreetourofthefactoryandyou'llgetadeepdiveintotheprocessofmakingahandbag.Afterseeingwhatittakestomakeabagbyhand,you'llnolongerwonderwhyPIEROTUCCIpricescomewithtwozerosattheend.Andyou'llknowthatifyoudospendthemoney,thebagwilllastforeverTheleathershoestore—STEFANOBEMERSTEFANOBEMERwasfamousforitshand-tailoredshoes.Theelegantstorethatsellsshoesthatcosthundreds，andinsomecasesthousands，ofdollarsisalsowhereapprentices(學(xué)徒)learntheirskills:visibleinthefrontsectionofthestore.Theleatherschool—ScuoladelCuoioWalkingintothecourtyardoftheScuoladelCuoiofeelsalittlelikewalkingontoaminicollegecampus.Youleavethebusystreetasyouenterthehistoricbuilding.Theschoolspecializesinmakingone-of-a-kindbagsandinteachingpayingstudentsthesecretsofhigh-qualityleatherworking.Thebookbinding(書籍裝訂)store——IlTorchioIlTorchioisabeautifulbookbindingstorerunbyErinCiulla.IfyouaskCiulla,shemighttakeyoutoseethe"guillotine",whichisactuallyaverylarge,antique-lookingmachinethat'susedtocutlargeamountsofpaper.Beyondbindingwithleathercovers,Ciullaalsocoversbooks,journals,andphotoalbumsinhand-madepapers.1．WhatisthemainreasonforPierotucci'shighprice?A．Thespecialmaterial.B．Thehandmadeprocess.C．Thehighcostofthevisit.D．Thelonghistoryofthefactory.2．Whichplacesprovidetheopportunitytolearnleather-making?A．PierotucciandIlTorchio.B．SeuoladelCuoioandIlTorchio.C．PierotucciandStefanoBemer.D．StefanoBemerandScuoladelCuoio.3．Whatcanyoudointhebookbindingstore?A．Buyahigh-qualityleatherbag.B．Buyanantique-lookingmachine.C．Haveaphotoalbumcoveredwithleather.D．Havetheleathercoverscutbytheguillotine.閱讀理解Duringthepandemic,Tokyo'slivelyMejjiUniversitycampusstoodstill.Mystudentswererestrictedtotheirhomes,appearingonlyassmallfiguresonmyscreenduringZoomlecturesonhuman-computerinteraction.Ispentthedaysinmylab,lookingforwaystopassthetime.Onaparticularlyblanddayin2020,Iwasrecallingabouthow,beforethepandemic,Tokyousedtobepackedwithpeoplewhohadflownacrosstheworldtoenjoytheexcitingfoodscene.Butnowrestaurantswereemptyandpeoplelongedforfoodstheyoncerelished.Imisseddrinkingwineinabar,watchingothersenjoyingtheirevenings.IwonderedhowIcouldcontributeduringthesetryingtimes.That'swhenanideastruck:whynotcreateadevicetobringtheflavoroftheworldintopeople'shomes?InJapan,companiesusetastesensorstomonitorthequalityofproducts.Thesedevicesmeasurethestrengthofthefivebasictastes—salty,sweet,sour,bitter,umami—andassigneachavalue.Itdawnedonmethatiftastecouldbequantified,perhapsitcouldalsoberecreated.Idissolvedfoodssuchaspizzaandfries,measuredhowtheyrated,thenmade10liquidsamplesthateachrepresentedataste.Whencopyingthetasteoffood,it'slikefollowingarecipe;Icombinedthe10liquidsamplestoreflectthetastesensor'smeasurementsofthedissolveddish.TastetheTV(TTTV),releasedin2021,lookslikeatelevisionscreen—butyoucanlickit.Oncetheviewerselectsadishfromthescreenmenu,animageofthefoodwillappear,andabovethescreenadevicecontainingmyliquidflavorsampleswillsprayinacombinationthatcreatesthetasteofthechosenfood.Thespraythenrollsfilmsoverthescreen,andtheycanenjoythetasteofpizzawithoutevenbitingintoaslice.Myinventionwasreceivedprettywellworldwide.MystudentsandIwouldbeinterestedinfindinghowelsetochallengetraditionalwaysofenjoyingmedia,andweknewwewantedtoexpandonTTTV.4．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hefocusedonhislectures.B．Hewasboredofhiscurrentjob.C．Hecherishedthememoryofthepast.D．Hedislikedthequietnessofthecampus.5．WhydidtheauthormentionthepracticesofJapanesecompanies?A．Totesthisidea. B．Tostresshiseffort.C．Toinformhisprocess. D．Tointroducehisinspiration.6．Whatdoesparagraph4sayaboutTTTV?A．Thepracticaluses. B．Thedesigningplan.C．Theworkingprinciple. D．Theunderlyinglogic.7．Whatwillthetexttalkaboutnext?A．Thepopularityofourproduct.B．Theupgradereleaseofourcreation.C．Thedifficultyofournewinvention.D．Thecommonfeedbackofourinnovation.閱讀理解Whatarepillowsreallystuffedwith?Notphysically,butsymbolically?Thequestionoccurredtomewiththephotosinthenewsandsocialmediafromthe50citiesaroundtheworldthatstagedpubliccelebrationsforInternationalPillowFightDay.Armedwithnothingmorethanbring-our-ownsacrificialcushions,strangersstruckheavilyeachotherinplayfulfeatherfromAmsterdamtoAtlanta,WarsawtoWashingtonDC.Butwhy?Isthereanythingmoretothisdelightfulcelebration?Asaculturalsign,thepillowisdeceptivelysoft.Sinceatleastthe16thCentury,thehumblepillowhasbeengivenunexpectedmeanings.TheChineseplaywrightTangXianzutellsafamousstoryaboutawisemanwhomeetsadepressedyoungscholarataninnandoffershimamagicpillowfilledwiththemostvividdreamsofaseeminglymorefulfillinglife.Whentheyoungmanawakenstodiscoverthathishappy50-yeardreamhasinfactcomeandgoneintheshortspaceofanafternoon'snap,ourimpressionofthepillow'spowershiftsfromwondertoterror.Subsequentwritershavelikewiseseizeduponthepillow.Whenthe19th-CenturyEnglishnovelistCharlotteBrontepoeticallyobserved"aruffled(不平的)mindmakesarestlesspillow",shedidn'tjustchangetheexpectedorderoftheadjectivesandnouns,butinsteadshemadeuncleartheboundariesbetweenmindandmatter—thethingrestingandthethingrestedupon.It'satrickperhapsBrontelearnedfromtheRenaissancephilosopherMontaigne,whoonceinsistedthat"ignoranceisthesoftestpillowonwhichamancanresthishead".OnMontaigne'sthinking,intelligenceandhappinessconfronteachotherforeverinapillowfightthatonlyonecanwin.WiththewordsofTang.Bronte,andMontaigne,wecanperhapsmoreeasilymeasuretheattractionoftheglobalpillowfight.Likearitualofrelease,theannualinternationalpillowfightamountstoakindofcleansing,abrushingoffofdailyworries:anemptyingoftheworld'scollectivemind.Ratherthanalaunch-padforweightlessrest,thepillowisasymbolofheavythought:ananchorthatdragstheworld'ssouldown—onethatmustbelightened.8．TheexampleofTangXianzuisusedtoillustratethat____.A．pillowsgivepeoplesatisfactorydreamsB．dreamsarealwayswonderfulwhiletherealworldiscruelC．people'simpressionofpillowschangesfromwondertoterrorD．pillowssymbolicallyconveythemeaningincontrasttotheirsoftappearance9．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatCharlotteBronte____.A．wrotepoemsaboutpillowsB．regardedpillowsasreflectionsofourmindsC．sharedthesameviewpointasTangXianzuonpillowsD．waslikelytohavebeeninfluencedbythethoughtsoftheRenaissance10．TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4"ignoranceisthesoftestpillowonwhichamancanresthishead"mostprobablymeans____.A．pillowsgiveuscomfortB．pillowsmakepeoplemoreintelligentC．peoplewithtoomanythoughtshavelessinnerpeaceD．peoplecaneasilyfallasleepwhentheyknownothing11．Accordingtotheauthor,whyisPillowFightDaysopopulararoundtheworld?A．Becauseitisaritualrelease.B．Becauseitmakeslifedelightful.C．Becauseitcomfortsrestlessminds.D．Becauseitcontainsaprofoundmeaningoflife.閱讀理解Weoftenthinkaboutrelationshipsonascalefrompositivetonegative.Wearedrawntolovingfamilymembers,caringclassmatesandsupportivementors.Wedoourbesttoavoidthecrueluncle,theplaygroundbullyandthejerkboss.Butthemosttoxicrelationshipsaren'tthepurelynegativeones.They'retheonesthatareamixofpositiveandnegative.Weoftencallthemfrenemies,supposedfriendswhosometimeshelpyouandsometimeshurtyou.Butifsnotjustfriends.It'sthein-lawswhovolunteertowatchyourkidsbutbelittleyourparenting.Themanagerwhopraisesyourworkbutdeniesyouapromotion.Everyoneknowshowrelationshipslikethatcantieyourstomachintoaknot.ButgroundbreakingresearchledbythepsychologistsBertUchinoandJulianneHolt-Lunstadshowsthatambivalent(矛盾情緒的)relationshipscanbedamagingtoyourhealth—evenmorethanpurelynegativerelationships.Ihadassumedthatwithaneighbororacolleague,havingsomepositiveinteractionswasbetterthanallnegativeinteractions.Butbeingcheeredonbythesamepersonwhocutsyoudowndoesn'treducethebadfeelings;itincreasesthem.Andit'snotjustinyourhead:Itleavesatraceinyourheartandyourblood.Evenasingleambivalentinteractioncancauseharm.Inoneexperiment,peoplegaveimpromptuspeechesoncontroversialtopicsinfrontofafriendwhoofferedfeedback.Theresearchershadrandomlyassignedthefriendtogiveambivalentornegativecomments.Receivingmixedfeedbackcausedhigherbloodpressurethanpurecriticism."Iwouldhavegoneaboutthetopicdifferently,butyou'redoingfine"provedtobemoredistressingthan"Itotallydisagreewitheverythingyou'vesaid."Theevidencethatambivalentrelationshipscanbebadforusisstrong,butthereasonscanbehardertoread—justliketherelationshipsthemselves.Themostintuitivereasonisthatambivalentrelationshipsareunpredictable.Withaclearenemy,youputupashieldwhenyoucrosspaths.Withafrenemy,youneverknowwhetherDr.JekyllorMr.Hydeisgoingtoshowup.Feelingunsurecandisruptthebody'scalmingsystemandactivateafight-or-flightresponse.It'sunsettlingtohopeforahugwhilealsopreparingforalikelyquarrel.Anotherfactoristhatunpleasantinteractionsaremorepainfulinanambivalentrelationship.It'smoreupsettingtobeletdownbypeopleyoulikesometimesthanbypeopleyoudislikeallthetime.Whensomeonestabsyouintheback,itstingsmoreifhe'sbeenfriendlytoyourface.12．Whichofthefollowingcanbecountedasafrenemy?A．Yourneighbour'skidwhoadvisesyoutostudyhardbutidlesawayhisowntime.B．Yourclassmatewhoadmiresyourdiligenceatfirst,butdoubtsyourintelligencelater.C．Yourmother'sfriendwhoencouragesyoutospendmoretimeonhomeworkbutlessonsmartphones.D．Yourfather'scolleaguewhoproposesyoutodoamoderateamountofhomeworkwhileensuringadequatesleep.13．Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Ambivalentrelationshipshaveapermanenteffectonyourwell-being.B．Thecommoncauseforhighbloodpressureisambivalentrelationship.C．Ambivalentinteractionswillbemorepainfulifitisdoneconsciously.D．Thenegativeimpactofambivalentinteractionsisdirectandstrong.14．Theunderlinedword"belittle"inparagraph2probablymeans____.A．devalue B．a(chǎn)ppreciate C．respect D．a(chǎn)buse15．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SomeNegativeRelationshipsAreBadforYourHealthB．YourMostAmbivalentRelationshipsAretheMostToxicC．TheReasonsforAmbivalentRelationshipsAreUnpredictableD．SomePositiveRelationshipsAreBetterthanAllNegativeOnes二、第二部分，閱讀，第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouthoughtthatyourchild'sacademicperformanceisbasedsolelyonthenumberofhoursspentstudying,you'resorelywrong.16．Andoneofthemajor,mostlyignored,influencingcontributorsisphysicalhealth.Physicalactivityandhealthcanactuallyboostaperson'sabilitytolearn.Accordingtoastudy,exercisecanimproveachild'scognitiveabilities,health,andacademicperformancesignificantly.Regularaerobicexerciseenhancesthefunctioningofthehippocampus,theareaofthebraininvolvedinlearningandverbalmemory.17．Eventheprefrontalcortexandmedialtemporalcortex—partsofthebrainthatcontrolthinkingandmemory—arefoundtobeinbetterhealthinthosewhoexerciseregularlythaninthebrainsofthosewhodon'texercise.Theeffectofexerciseonmemoryandthinkingisbothdirectandindirect.Directly,regularexercisegivestheabilitytostimulatethereleaseofgrowthfactors,chemicalsinthebrainthataffectthehealthofbraincells,aswellasthesurvivalofnewbraincells.18．Itwillalsoreducestressandanxiety.19．Studiesshowthattheaddedstudylengthdoesn'tbringabouttheexpectedlearningeffects.Furthermore,thegreatestcognitivebenefitsfromphysicaleducationhavebeenseentocomeaboutwhenphysicaleducationisgiveneitherinthefirsthalfofthedayormiddayratherthanattheendoftheday.Thebenefitsofexerciseintermsofacademicperformancealsoapplytocollegestudents.AccordingtoarecentstudyintheNorthCarolinaState,justanhourofexerciseeveryweekcanbringaboutgreatchanges.20．A.Thereareloadsofbenefitsofphysicalexercise.B.Infact,goodgradesarearesultofmultiplefactors.C.Asaconsequence,itcanboostourbehaviourandthinkingability.D.Additionally,gettingenoughexercisewillimprovesleepqualityandmood.E.Otherformsofexerciselikebalanceexercisesdoboostthecognitiveperformanceofthebrain.F.Thebenefitsofexerciseduringtheschooldayexceedthosecomingfromincreasingclasstime.G.Thus,physicalactivityshouldbeseenasmoreacoreeducationalconcernthananinsignificantoption.三、第三部分，語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用，第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inourdiscussionwithpeopleonhoweducationcanhelpthemsucceedinlife,awomanrememberedthefirstmeetingofanintroductorysciencecourseabout20yearsago.Theprofessor21．thelecturehall,placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwithdriedbeans(豆),andinvitedthestudentsto22．howmanybeansthejarcontained.After23．shoutsofwildlywrongguesses,theprofessorsmiledathin,drysmile,announcedthe24．a(chǎn)nswer,andwentonsaying,"Youhavejustlearnedanimportantlessonaboutscience.Thatis:Never25．yourownsenses."Twentyyearslater,thewomancouldguesswhattheprofessorhadinmind.He26．himself,perhaps,asinvitinghisstudentstostartanexciting27．intoallunknownworldinvisible(無(wú)形的)totheeye,whichcanbediscoveredonlythroughscientific28．.Buttheseventeen-year-oldgirlcouldnotacceptoreven29．theinvitation.Shewasjust30．tounderstandtheworld.Andshebelievedthatherfirsthandexperiencecouldbethe31．.Theprofessor,howeversaidthatitwas32．.Hewastakingawayheronly33．forknowingandwasprovidingherwithnosubstitute(替代)."Irememberfeelingsmalland34．,"thewomansays,"andIdidtheonlythingIcoulddo.I35．thecoursethatafternoon,andIhaven'tgonenearsciencesince."21．A．searchedfor B．lookedatC．gotthrough D．marchedinto22．A．count B．guess C．report D．watch23．A．warning B．givingC．turningaway D．listeningto24．A．ready B．possible C．correct D．difficult25．A．lose B．trust C．sharpen D．show26．A．described B．respected C．saw D．served27．A．voyage B．movement C．change D．rush28．A．model B．senses C．spirit D．methods29．A．hear B．make C．present D．refuse30．A．suggesting B．beginning C．pretending D．waiting31．A．growth B．strength C．faith D．truth32．A．firm B．interesting C．wrong D．a(chǎn)cceptable33．A．task B．tool C．success D．connection34．A．cruel B．proud C．frightened D．brave35．A．dropped B．started C．passed D．missed四、第三部分，英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用，第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Gettingangrycouldhelpyouachieveyourgoals,anewresearchsuggests.Often36．(perceive)asanegativeemotion,angercanactuallybepowerful37．(motivate)forpeopletomeetchallengingtargetsintheirlives.Itisusefulinachievingmorechallenginggoals,38．doesnotappeartobelinkedtoeasiertasks.Thefindingalsosuggestsemotionsthatareoftenconsiderednegative,suchasanger,boredom,orsadness,canbeuseful.LeadauthorHeatherLench,aprofessoratTexasAandMUniversity,USA,statedthatpeopleoftenbelievedastateofhappinesswas39．ideal,andthemajorityofpeopleregardedthepursuitofhappinessasamajorlifegoal."Theviewthatpositiveemotionsareperfectformentalhealthandwellbeing40．(be)noticeableinpsychologicalaccountsofemotion,butmanyresearchessuggestamixofemotions,includingnegativeemotionslikeanger,resultin41．(good)outcomes."Sheaddedthatthefunctionalisttheoryofemotionsuggeststhatallemotions,goodorbad,arereactions42．eventswithinaperson'senvironmentandservethepurposeofalertingthatpersontoimportantsituationsthatrequireactions.Inthestudyresearchersconductedexperiments43．(involve)morethan1,000people,andanalyzedsurveydatafrommorethan1,400respondents.Theresearchersfoundthatangerincreasedefforttowardsattainingadesiredgoal,44．(frequent)leadingtogreatersuccessandtheeffectsofangerinencouragingpeopletoreachforandachievetheirgoalswerespecifictosituations45．thegoalsweremoredifficulttorealize.五、第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)46．假設(shè)你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，下周是你校的體育周。請(qǐng)你給交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件，介紹體育周的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容，并邀請(qǐng)他參加其中一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：1．介紹體育周；2．發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJim,……Yourssincerely,LiHua47．閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Marcostaredattheblankcanvas(油畫布)spreadingoutbeforehim,itsstarkwhitenessalmostlaughingathissuddenlackofinspiration.Hewasinhisfinalyearofhighschool,andhisartportfolio(畫集)wasfastapproachingitsduedateinaweek.Thiscanvaswasmeanttobehismasterpiece,thecrownjewelofhiscollection,butallhisideasseemedtoescapethemomenthestoodbeforeit."What'swrongwithme?WhatshouldIdo?"Marcomurmuredtohimself.HavinggrownupinthebustlingcityofNewYork,Marcohadalwaysfoundbeautyinthechaos.Theharshnessofroaringcars,thecolorfulpaletteofstreetart,thesymphonyofdiversetonguesandtheoddbehaviorsofthepassengers-allservedasinspirationsforhisart.Yet,now,whenitmatteredmost,hefoundhimselflost.Upsetanddistressed,Macrowalkedout,longingtorunacrosssomethingunexpected.Unawareofthedurationofhiswanderingthroughthestreetsofthecity,Marcochanceduponasmall,hiddenparkhehadnevernoticedbefore.Itwasapocketofquietamidtheurbanuproar,whichattractedMarcoimmediately.Anoldmansatonabench,feedingpigeonsthatflockedaroundhiminadanceofflutteringwings.TheoldmannoticedMarco'sthoughtfulgazeandgesturedhimover.Theystruckupaconversationaimlesslyasiftheyhadbeenoldfriendsforalongtime.Intheirtalk,everythingwasfullofinterestfromlifetoart.AtlastMarcoconfided(傾訴)hisartisticblocktotheoldman.Theoldmanlistenedintentlybeforeofferingapieceofwisdom.Andthen,theoldmanstoodupslowlyandpattedMarco'sshouldersoftly."Sometimes,thebestinspirationcomesfromtheplacesweleastexpect.Lookbeyondwhatyousee."Thegentlemansaidinallearnestness.要求:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Thenextday,Marcoreturnedtohiscanvas.……Thetimepresentinghisportfoliocamesoon.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了佛羅倫薩的皮革制造商的歷史，包括PIEROTUCCI、STEFANOBEMER、ScuoladelCuoio和IlTorchio等四個(gè)皮革制造商各自的特色。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Theleatherfactory－PIEROTUCCI部分中的"Afterseeingwhatittakestomakeabagbyhand,you'llnolongerwonderwhyPIEROTUCCIpricescomewithtwozerosattheend.Andyou'llknowthatifyoudospendthemoney,thebagwilllastforever."在看到手工制作一個(gè)袋子需要什么之后，你不會(huì)再奇怪為什么PIEROTUCCI的價(jià)格在結(jié)尾處會(huì)有兩個(gè)零。你會(huì)知道，如果你真的花了錢，這個(gè)袋子將永遠(yuǎn)存在。可知，這個(gè)袋子貴的原因是，這是手工制作的。故選B。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Theleathershoestore—STEFANOBEMER部分中的"Theelegantstorethatsellsshoesthatcosthundreds，andinsomecasesthousands，ofdollarsisalsowhereapprenticeslearntheirskills:visibleinthefrontsectionofthestore."這家優(yōu)雅的商店出售的鞋子價(jià)格高達(dá)數(shù)百美元，有時(shí)甚至數(shù)千美元，也是學(xué)徒們學(xué)習(xí)技能的地方：可以在商店的前面看到；以及Theleatherschool—ScuoladelCuoio部分中的"Youleavethebusystreetasyouenterthehistoricbuilding.Theschoolspecializesinmakingone-of-a-kindbagsandinteachingpayingstudentsthesecretsofhigh-qualityleatherworking."當(dāng)你進(jìn)入歷史建筑時(shí)，你離開繁忙的街道。這所學(xué)校專門制作獨(dú)一無(wú)二的皮包，并教授付費(fèi)學(xué)生高質(zhì)量皮革加工的秘訣。可知，在STEFANOBEMER和ScuoladelCuoio可以有學(xué)習(xí)皮革制作的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根Thebookbinding(書籍裝訂)store——IlTorchio部分中的"Beyondbindingwithleathercovers,Ciullaalsocoversbooks,journals,andphotoalbumsinhand-madepapers."除了用皮革封面裝訂外，Ciulla還用手工紙裝訂書籍、期刊和相冊(cè)。可知，可以獲得一本用皮革覆蓋的相冊(cè)。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．C5．D6．C7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了作者發(fā)明了一種名為TTTV的東西，人們可以通過(guò)TTTV品嘗到不同食物的味道，他們甚至不用咬一片披薩就能享受披薩的味道。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Onaparticularlyblanddayin2020,Iwasrecallingabouthow,beforethepandemic,Tokyousedtobepackedwithpeoplewhohadflownacrosstheworldtoenjoytheexcitingfoodscene.Butnowrestaurantswereemptyandpeoplelongedforfoodstheyoncerelished.Imisseddrinkingwineinabar,watchingothersenjoyingtheirevenings."在2020年一個(gè)特別平淡無(wú)奇的日子里，我回憶起在大流行之前，東京曾經(jīng)擠滿了從世界各地飛來(lái)享受令人興奮的美食的人們。但現(xiàn)在餐館里空無(wú)一人，人們渴望吃到他們?cè)?jīng)喜歡的食物。我懷念在酒吧里喝葡萄酒，看著別人享受夜晚?？芍?，作者珍惜對(duì)過(guò)去的回憶。故選C。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"InJapan,companiesusetastesensorstomonitorthequalityofproducts.Thesedevicesmeasurethestrengthofthefivebasictastes—salty,sweet,sour,bitter,umami—andassigneachavalue.Itdawnedonmethatiftastecouldbequantified,perhapsitcouldalsoberecreated."在日本，公司使用味道傳感器來(lái)監(jiān)控產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。這些設(shè)備測(cè)量五種基本味道的強(qiáng)度——咸、甜、酸、苦、鮮——并為每一種味道賦值。我突然意識(shí)到，如果味道可以被量化，也許它也可以被重新創(chuàng)造?？赏浦?，作者提到日本公司的做法是為了介紹他的靈感。故選D。6．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第四段"TastetheTV(TTTV),releasedin2021,lookslikeatelevisionscreen—butyoucanlickit.Oncetheviewerselectsadishfromthescreenmenu,animageofthefoodwillappear,andabovethescreenadevicecontainingmyliquidflavorsampleswillsprayinacombinationthatcreatesthetasteofthechosenfood.Thespraythenrollsfilmsoverthescreen,andtheycanenjoythetasteofpizzawithoutevenbitingintoaslice."2021年發(fā)布的TTTV看起來(lái)像電視屏幕，但你可以舔它。一旦觀眾從屏幕菜單中選擇了一道菜，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)食物的圖像，屏幕上方一個(gè)裝有我的液體風(fēng)味樣品的設(shè)備會(huì)噴射出所選食物的味道。然后，噴霧器會(huì)在屏幕上卷上薄膜，他們甚至不用咬一片披薩就能享受披薩的味道?？芍?，第四段介紹了TTTV的工作原理。故選C。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Myinventionwasreceivedprettywellworldwide.MystudentsandIwouldbeinterestedinfindinghowelsetochallengetraditionalwaysofenjoyingmedia,andweknewwewantedtoexpandonTTTV."我的發(fā)明在全世界都很受歡迎。我和我的學(xué)生們對(duì)尋找其他挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)媒體享受方式的方法很感興趣，我們知道我們想擴(kuò)展TTTV?？赏浦?，文章接下來(lái)要講創(chuàng)造的升級(jí)版本。故選B?！敬鸢浮?．D9．B10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了國(guó)際枕頭大戰(zhàn)的意義和它受歡迎的原因。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和詞義猜測(cè)兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文學(xué)類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段"Asaculturalsign,thepillowisdeceptivelysoft.Sinceatleastthe16thCentury,thehumblepillowhasbeengivenunexpectedmeanings.TheChineseplaywrightTangXianzutellsafamousstoryaboutawisemanwhomeetsadepressedyoungscholarataninnandoffershimamagicpillowfilledwiththemostvividdreamsofaseeminglymorefulfillinglife.Whentheyoungmanawakenstodiscoverthathishappy50-yeardreamhasinfactcomeandgoneintheshortspaceofanafternoon'snap,ourimpressionofthepillow'spowershiftsfromwondertoterror."作為一種文化標(biāo)志，枕頭看起來(lái)很柔軟。至少?gòu)?6世紀(jì)開始，不起眼的枕頭就被賦予了意想不到的意義。中國(guó)劇作家湯顯祖講了一個(gè)著名的故事：一位智者在客棧里遇到一位抑郁的年輕書生，并送給他一個(gè)神奇的枕頭，枕頭里裝滿了看似更加充實(shí)的生活的最生動(dòng)的夢(mèng)想。當(dāng)這個(gè)年輕人醒來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)他50年的幸福夢(mèng)想實(shí)際上在一個(gè)下午的小睡中來(lái)了又去時(shí)，我們對(duì)枕頭力量的印象從驚訝變成了恐懼?？芍?，以湯顯祖的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明，與柔軟的外觀形成鮮明對(duì)比的是，枕頭象征性地傳達(dá)了一種含義。故選D。9．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Whenthe19th-CenturyEnglishnovelistCharlotteBrontepoeticallyobserved‘a(chǎn)ruffled(不平的)mindmakesarestlesspillow',shedidn'tjustchangetheexpectedorderoftheadjectivesandnouns,butinsteadshemadeuncleartheboundariesbetweenmindandmatter—thethingrestingandthethingrestedupon."19世紀(jì)英國(guó)小說(shuō)家夏洛蒂·勃朗特富有詩(shī)意地觀察到‘不安的頭腦形成不安的枕頭'，她不僅改變了形容詞和名詞的預(yù)期順序，反而模糊了精神和物質(zhì)之間的界限——休息的東西和被休息的東西?？芍?，夏洛蒂·勃朗特把枕頭當(dāng)作我們思想的反映。故選B項(xiàng)10．考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的"ignoranceisthesoftestpillowonwhichamancanresthishead"無(wú)知是最柔軟的枕頭，一個(gè)人可以在上面休息，可知，劃線部分的含義指的是什么都不想的，無(wú)知的人很容易入睡。故選D。11．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Likearitualofrelease,theannualinternationalpillowfightamountstoakindofcleansing,abrushingoffofdailyworries:anemptyingoftheworld'scollectivemind."一年一度的國(guó)際枕頭大戰(zhàn)就像一種釋放的儀式，相當(dāng)于一種凈化，是對(duì)日常煩惱的撣除：是對(duì)世界集體思想的清空?？芍眍^大戰(zhàn)日在全世界都很受歡迎因?yàn)樗馨矒岵话驳男撵`。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．D14．A15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)最有害的人際關(guān)系不是純粹負(fù)面的關(guān)系，而是混合了正面和負(fù)面情緒的關(guān)系。這種關(guān)系被稱為"亦敵亦友"的關(guān)系，即有時(shí)幫助你，有時(shí)傷害你的關(guān)系。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"They'retheonesthatareamixofpositiveandnegative.Weoftencallthemfrenemies,supposedfriendswhosometimeshelpyouandsometimeshurtyou.Butifsnotjustfriends.It'sthein-lawswhovolunteertowatchyourkidsbutbelittleyourparenting.Themanagerwhopraisesyourworkbutdeniesyouapromotion."他們是一種混合了正面和負(fù)面情緒的關(guān)系。我們通常稱他們?yōu)?亦敵亦友"，即有時(shí)幫助你，有時(shí)傷害你的關(guān)系。但不僅僅是朋友。還有那些自愿幫你照顧孩子但卻輕視你育兒方法的姻親，還有那些贊美你的工作但卻不給你晉升機(jī)會(huì)的經(jīng)理。可知，"亦敵亦友"的人指的是有時(shí)候幫助你，有時(shí)候傷害你的關(guān)系。"你的同學(xué)，一開始?xì)J佩你的勤奮，但后來(lái)懷疑你的智力。"符合這一表述。故選B。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Butbeingcheeredonbythesamepersonwhocutsyoudowndoesn'treducethebadfeelings;itincreasesthem.Andit'snotjustinyourhead:Itleavesatraceinyourheartandyourblood."但是，被擊倒你的同一個(gè)人鼓舞并不能減少你的不良情緒；它增加了它們。它不僅存在于你的頭腦中，還會(huì)在你的心臟和血液中留下痕跡；以及第五段"Evenasingleambivalentinteractioncancauseharm.Inoneexperiment,peoplegaveimpromptuspeechesoncontroversialtopicsinfrontofafriendwhoofferedfeedback.Theresearchershadrandomlyassignedthefriendtogiveambivalentornegativecomments.Receivingmixedfeedbackcausedhigherbloodpressurethanpurecriticism.‘Iwouldhavegoneaboutthetopicdifferently,butyou'redoingfine'provedtobemoredistressingthan‘Itotallydisagreewitheverythingyou'vesaid'"(即使是一個(gè)矛盾的相互作用也會(huì)造成傷害。在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，人們?cè)谝晃慌笥衙媲熬陀袪?zhēng)議的話題即興演講，這位朋友提供反饋。研究人員隨機(jī)安排這位朋友給出矛盾或負(fù)面的評(píng)論。接受褒貶不一的反饋比接受純粹的批評(píng)更容易導(dǎo)致高血壓。比起"我完全不同意你所說(shuō)的一切"，"我本來(lái)可以換個(gè)方式來(lái)討論這個(gè)話題，但是你做得很好"被證明更令人沮喪?？赏茰y(cè)，矛盾相互作用的負(fù)面影響是直接的，強(qiáng)烈的。故選D。14．考