2021青島市高考英語閱讀理解自練及答案2

閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。體裁：記敘文話題：人生百態(tài)時(shí)間：7分鐘TheOlympicmedalceremonieshavealreadybegun.Butsomeathleteshardlydisguisetheirdisappointmentwhensilverandnotgoldishungaroundtheirnecks.TheBritishjudosilvermedallistNeilAdamscallshistwofromthe1980s“l(fā)oser'smedals”．Untilfouryearsago，theywereinaboxatthebackofacupboard.Hiswifethenhadthemframedforhis50thbirthdayandtheyarenowuponthewall.Adamsfeelsproudwhenhelooksatthem，buthisthoughtsquicklyturnto“whatifs”．“Iwouldn'tchangemuch”，headds.Andhewouldn'tneedto.Goldwaswithinhisgrasptwice，butslippedawaybyanarrowmarginonthejudomat.“ThelossesattheOlympicGameswerethemostdifficultthingformetoaccept，”hesaid.“Ididn'twinthesilvermedal.Ilostthegold.Inmymindtheywerelosses.Ithastakenmorethan30yearstogetoverit.”MarkCavendish，JessicaEnnisandMoFarahhaveneverwonOlympicgold，buttheycameintoLondon2022asthreeofTeamGB'sbiggestmedalhopes.Unfortunately，Cavendishhasalreadysuffereddisappointmentinthecyclingroadrace.NeilAdamswasinthatsamepositioninboththe1980and1984games.However，inacareerinwhichhecollectedeveryotherjudoaccolade，thingssimplywentwrongattheOlympics.InMoscow1980，Adamswasjust21yearsoldandfoundthemediafocusandpressureofexpectationtoomuch.Askedaboutbeingafavourite，Adamssaid：“Itishell，andabouthowyoucopewithitinthemind.Itcanmakeyouafraidtowinorloseandthereisadifference.Iwasafraidtolose.Sometimesyoufreeze.Sometimesittakesyouover.”Adamssaysthathewasverycautiousandthatwhensomethingwastacticalandtechnicalheapproachedittootactically.Perhapsit'sbettertogoinwitha‘nothingtolose’attitude.ThatmightbethereasonwhytheOlympicGameshaveoftencreatedsurpriseresults.Sometimesit'stheoneswhokeeptheircoolandworkthehardestwhogettheresults.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】參與奧運(yùn)會(huì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員都期望獲得金牌，而那些與金牌失之交臂獲得銀牌的運(yùn)動(dòng)員的心里是什么味道兒呢？1．WhereareNeilAdams'silvermedalsnow?A．Aroundhisneck. B．Atthebackofacupboard.C．Inabox. D．Onthewall.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知，現(xiàn)在這兩枚銀牌被他的妻子裱框后掛在了墻上。答案D2．HowlongdidAdamskeepthemedalsinthebox?A．Morethan30years. B．Morethan40years.C．Morethan20years. D．Nomorethan20years.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，他分別于1980年和1984年參與奧運(yùn)會(huì)，并分別奪得了一枚銀牌，但他的兩枚銀牌是在四年前才從盒子里拿出來的，也就是2008年，那么第一枚銀牌在盒子里放了28年，其次枚銀牌放了24年。因此答案應(yīng)為20多年。答案C3．Adamsalwaysfeltitapitytowinsilvermedalsbecause________.A．hewasnarrowlybeatenbythechampionB．hedidn'ttryhisbestC．helackedtechniquesD．hewastoogreedy解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段最終一句可知，他原來是能夠獲勝的，但最終都是對(duì)手牽強(qiáng)獲得冠軍，這讓他覺得很惋惜。答案A4．Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetootherathletes?A．Trytobecomethemediafocus.B．Keeptheircoolandworkhard.C．Trytodobetternexttime.D．Useasmanytechniquesaspossible.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一句可知，作者建議其他運(yùn)動(dòng)員要保持冷靜并努力熬煉，因此選擇B。答案B?！緩V東省2022屆高三考前沖刺卷(四)】CMarieCuriewasaPolishphysicistandchemistwholivedbetween1867—1934.Togetherwithherhusband，Pierre，shediscoveredtwonewelements(radiumandpolonium，tworadioactiveelementsthattheyextractedchemicallyfrompitch-blendedore)andstudiedthex-raystheyemitted.Shefoundthattheharmfulpropertiesofx-rayswereabletokilltumors.BytheendofWorldWarⅠ，MarieCuriewasprobablythemostfamouswomanintheworld.Shehadmadeaconsciousdecision，however，nottopatentmethodsofprocessingradiumoritsmedicalapplications.MarieCuriewasbornonNovember7,1867inPolandanddiedonJuly4,1934.Herco-discoverywithherhusbandPierreCurieoftheradioactiveelementsradiumandpoloniumrepresentsoneofthebest-knownstoriesinmodernscienceforwhichtheywererecognizedin1901withtheNobelPrizeinPhysics.In1911，MarieCuriewashonoredwithasecondNobelPrize，thistimeinChemistry，tohonorherforsuccessfullyisolatingpureradiumanddeterminingradium’satomicweight.Asachild，MarieCurieamazedpeoplewithhergreatmemory.Shelearnedtoreadwhenshewasonlyfouryearsold.HerfatherwasaprofessorofscienceandtheinstrumentsthathekeptinaglasscasefascinatedMarie.Shedreamedofbecomingascientist，butthatwouldnotbeeasy.Herfamilybecameverypoor，andattheageof18，Mariebecameagoverness.ShehelpedpayforhersistertostudyinParis.Later，hersisterhelpedMariewithhereducation.In1891，MarieattendedtheSorbonneUniversityinPariswhereshemetandmarriedPierreCurie，awell-knownphysicist.MarieCuriecontributedgreatlytoourunderstandingofradioactivityandtheeffectsofx-rays.ShereceivedtwoNobelPrizesforherbrilliantwork，butdiedofleukaemia，causedbyherrepeatedexposuretoradioactivematerials.36．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．TogiveusageneralintroductiontoMadameCurie.B．ToshowushowMadameCuriediscoveredradium.C．TotellushowMadameCuriedevelopedasascientist.D．TotellushowMadameCuriereceivedtwoNobelPrizes.37．MadameCuriewasgiventheNobelPrizeinChemistrybecause________.A．shediscoveredradiumB．sheseparatedpureradiumandcalculateditsatomicweightC．shediscoveredpoloniumD．shedidn’tpatentmethodsofprocessingradium38．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMadameCurieisNOTtrue?A．MadameCuriemadegreatcontributionstomedicalscience.B．MadameCuriewasverysmartandambitiouswhenshewasachild.C．MadameCuriereceivedtwoNobelPrizesinPhysics.D．MadameCurie’shusbandhelpedheralotinherresearch.39．Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthat______.①M(fèi)adameCuriegotmarriedwhenshewasatcollege.②MadameCuriehadagreatambitionwhenshewasyoung.③MadameCurielovedteachingmorethananythingelse.④MadameCuriemusthavemetalotofdifficultiestogethigheducation.⑤HerfatherhadagreatinfluenceonMadameCurie’sfuturecareer.⑥MadameCuriewasverysmartwhenshewasachild.A．①②④⑤⑥B．②④⑤⑥C．②③④⑤⑥D(zhuǎn)．①②③④⑤40．WhichistherightorderaboutMadameCurieaccordingtothepassage?a．marriedPierreb．a(chǎn)ttendeduniversityc．discoveredradiumd．determinedradium’satomicweighte．wontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsA．b，c，a，d，eB．b，a，c，d，eC．b，a，c，e，dD．b，c，a，e，d36．A[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知。]37．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中其次段最終一句話可知答案。]38．C[依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知居里夫人兩次獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，其次次是諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。]39．B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一、二句話可知居里夫人格外聰慧；第三句可知居里夫人的父親對(duì)她有很大影響；第四句可知她有很大的抱負(fù)；依據(jù)第五句話可知她所遇到的困難。她當(dāng)家庭老師只是由于家庭貧困；依據(jù)最終一句話可知她在上高校期間遇到了其丈夫，但結(jié)婚不愿定是在求學(xué)期間。]40．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)全文可知答案為C項(xiàng)。]【廣東省2022屆高三考前沖刺卷(四)】DLivinginthewildcanbehard.Findingfoodandstayingsafearen’teasy.Eachday，animalsstruggletosurviveintheirhabitats.Notallanimalsgetbyontheirown.Someanimalsformaclosepartnershipwithotherkindsofanimals.Thesepairingsarecalledsymbiotic(共生的)relationships.Inasymbioticrelationship，theanimalsdependoneachother.Oneanimalhelpstheothermeetitsneeds.Soundsgood，right?Notalways.Someanimalsarenotverykindtotheirpartners.Insomecases，oneanimalmeetsitsneedsbuthurtsitspartner.Taketicks，forexample.Theseinsectssuckbloodtolive.Togetblood，theyattachthemselvestootherkindsofanimals.Tickscanpassgermsthatcausediseaseinsteadofhelpingtheirhosts.Inotherrelationships，animalsdon’ttreattheirpartnerssopoorly.Bothanimalsbenefitfromlivingwiththeotheranimals.Smallanimalscalledcleanershrimpshavefoundawayofhelpingfishatcoralreefs.Astheirnamesuggests，theshrimpscleanthefish.Theyhangoutatwhatscientistscallacleaningstation.Afishstopsby.Thenashrimpclimbsontothefishandevenstepsintothefish’smouth.Theshrimpusesitstinyclawstopickstuffoffthefish’sbody.Thatcanincludedeadskin，tinypiecesoffood，andweecreaturesthatcanhurtthefish.Thefishgetsanicecleaning.Theshrimpenjoysatastymealoffishtrash.Smallbirdscalledploversarealsointhecleaningbusiness.Theyhavebigcustomers—crocodiles.Crocshavelongsnouts(鼻子)filledwithsharpteeth.Cleaningthemistricky.Whenacrocopensitsmouth，theploverhopsrightin.Thecrocdoesnotsnapitssnoutshut.Instead，itletstheplovereatsmall，harmfulanimalsattachedtothecrocodile’steeth.Theplovergetsaneasymealwhilethecrocgetscleanteeth.41．Thetextismainlyabout________.A．thehardlifeinthewildB．somedangerousanimalsC．a(chǎn)nimalslivingtogetherD．a(chǎn)nimalsinasymbioticrelationship42．Accordingtothetext，inasymbioticrelationship，______.A．a(chǎn)nimalsdependoneachotherB．birdsdependonanimalsforfoodC．bothsidescangethelpD．notallanimalstreattheirpartnerswell43．Whydothecleanershrimpscleanthefish?A．Togetfishtrashforfood.B．Toeatweecreatures.C．Tohelpfishgooutofcoralreefs.D．Togetfoodforfish.44．Whenplovershopintocrocodiles’mouths，they________.A．a(chǎn)rereallytocleancrocodiles’teethB．a(chǎn)retomakecrocodileshappyC．a(chǎn)ren’tafraidofbeingeatenD．a(chǎn)ren’thappytocleanthecrocodiles’teeth45．Accordingtothetext，itcanbeinferredthat______.A．livinginthewildcanbehardB．differentanimalshavedifferentlivingwaysC．crocodilesmainlyliveonplovers[來源:/]D．ticksareusefultosomeanimals41．D[主旨大意題。本文主要是介紹了生物界的一種共生現(xiàn)象，也就是說生物之間相互依存，相互掛念。故答案選D項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)C表達(dá)語意不精確，表達(dá)范圍太廣。]42．D[深層理解題。由文章其次、三、四段可知，有共生現(xiàn)象的動(dòng)物中，有的是相互得到掛念，而有的是單方面的。故答案為D項(xiàng)。]43．A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段可知，cleanershrimps之所以要掛念魚清理垃圾，主要是由于想得到它們想吃的食物——fishtrash。故答案為A項(xiàng)。]44．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最終一段可知，plovers是不擔(dān)憂被鱷魚咬傷的，由于鱷魚是期望plovers這樣做的，而對(duì)于plovers而言，其真正的目的是為了得到自己的食物。故答案為C項(xiàng)。]45．B[推理推斷題。文章第一段就提到有些動(dòng)物是靠自己去捕獲食物，而文章又舉例講了一些動(dòng)物是靠共生來獵取食物的，也就是說不同的動(dòng)物有不同的方式來生存，所以答案為B項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)A是文章直接敘述的；選項(xiàng)C表達(dá)與原文不全都；選項(xiàng)D是無法推斷出的。]閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ifyouwerewalkingaroundasupermarketandsawawomanwithashavedhead,aringthroughhernose,atattoo（紋身）designonherarmandshehasasmallchildinhershopping

trolley,whatwouldyouropinionbe?Doyouthinkthiskindofbodydecorationisattractiveorugly?Differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.Thefollowingaresomeexamplesofbodydecorationfromaroundtheworld.Inmanypartsof

Africa,itisthoughtthatanattractivegirlshouldhavereallyshinnyskin.OnBali,alittleislandin

Indonesia,theybelievethatabeautifulwomanorhandsomemanmusthaveperfectlystraight,flatteeth.TheBalinesebelievethatteethwithpointededgesmakeyoulooklikeanuglywildanimal.Sowhenagirlorboybecomesateenager,heorsheistakentoaspecialpersonintheirvillagewhowillfileoffteethpointstomakethemsmoothandflat.Thereisnoanesthetic（麻藥）andthistoothfilingisreallypainful.Itisakindoftest.Ifyoucanstanditwithoutscreamingorcryingtoomuch,thenyouarethoughtreadytobecomeanadult.In

Myanmar,thereisasmallgroupofpeoplewhoarecalledthe“Papaung”.Theybelievethatawomancanonlybereallybeautifulifshehasalongneck.ImeanaVERYlongneck.Nowyoumightthinkthatyouareeitherbornwithalongorshortneckandthatthere’snothingwhateveryoucandoaboutit.Butyouwouldbewrong!Ataroundtheageof5,aPapaunggirlhasheavymetalringsfittedaroundherneck,tightlybetweenthechinandshoulders.Eachyearmoreringsareaddedandvery,veryslowlytheirweightpushestheshouldersdown,inthiswaymakingthenecklooklonger.APapaungwomanwillwearherneckringsallherlife,neveroncetakingthemoff.SonowI’msureyouwillallagreethatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatisbeautiful.26.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraphone?A.Women’sdesign.

B.Beautifulbodydecoration.C.Bodydecoration. D.Attractivedecoration.

【答案】C【解析】大意歸納題。第一段講的是假如你在超市里見到一個(gè)剃光頭，穿鼻環(huán)，胳膊上有紋身并且在購物車?yán)锿浦粋€(gè)小孩的女人，