2022高考英語唐山市路南區(qū)閱讀短文復(fù)習(xí)單詞暑假練習(xí)(3)及答案

閱讀理解。Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers’desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.Twothirdsofcustomerssaythatenvironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothesamedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshouldstillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitisimportanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthattheyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany’senvironmentalreputationwasnotgoodenough.HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive（主管）oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes：“Iunderstandthissituationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockisticking—wedon’thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand.”Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnewrulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions（排放）.Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumersarenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodworkcompaniesaredoing.“Whencompaniesaregranted（授予）thestandard,theycanusealogo（標(biāo)識）inalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions,”Mr.Morrisonsaid.()1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsathome.D.Firmsareurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers’environmentalawareness.()2.Theunderlinedword“inform”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject()3.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses.A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissionsB.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppersC.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissionsD.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere()4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecostsB.usethesamelogointheirmarketingC.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyactionD.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods【語篇解讀】本篇文章為說明文?，F(xiàn)在顧客購物已經(jīng)開頭考慮環(huán)保的問題。面臨顧客環(huán)保的心理需求，企業(yè)只有主動(dòng)實(shí)行措施，削減排放，才會(huì)更好地贏得顧客的信任，進(jìn)而獲得更好的收益1、答案D。【解析】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns”及最終一段第一句可知，企業(yè)因購買者的環(huán)保意識而去減排。故選D項(xiàng)。2、答案A?！窘馕觥吭~義猜想題。由本段中“whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy”可知，現(xiàn)在三分之二的顧客在購物時(shí)對環(huán)境的考慮比一年前程度加深了。因此A項(xiàng)符合句子意思3、答案A。解析】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand”可以推斷出：商業(yè)會(huì)受益于減排。因此A項(xiàng)符合文章。4、答案C?！窘馕觥客评硗茢囝}。依據(jù)第五段最終一句“Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers”可知，早實(shí)行行動(dòng)減排的企業(yè)可以更好地吸引顧客。因此可以推斷出C項(xiàng)。完型填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從以下題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。[夾敘夾議型完形填空]IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream，whichmeantajob，amortgage(按揭)，creditcards,andsuccess.Iwanteditandworkedtowardsitlikeeveryoneelse,allofus__1__chasingthesamething.Oneyear,throughaseriesofunhappyevents,itallfell__2__．Ifoundmyselfhomelessandalone.Ihadmytruckand$56.I__3__thecountrysideforsomeplaceIcouldrentforthe__4__possibleamount.IcameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroadoverthePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.Itwas__5__，fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.Ifoundtheowner,rentedit，andclearedacornertocampin.Thelocalsknewnothingaboutme，butslowly,theystartedteachingmethe__6__ofbeinganeighbour.Theydroppedoffblankets，candles，andtools，andbegan__7__aroundtochat.Theystartedtoteachmeabeliefina__8__AmericanDream—nottheoneofindividualachievementbutofneighbourliness.WhatIhadbelievedin,allthosethingsIthoughtwere__9__foracivilizedlife,werenon-existentinthisplace.Uponthemountain,mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy__10__withmyneighbours.Fouryearslater,Imovedbackinto__11__．Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime,__12__theirjobsandhouses.Imanagedtorentabigenoughhouseto__13__ahandfulofpeople.Therearefourofusnowinthehouse，butovertimeI'vehadninepeoplecomeinandmoveontootherplaces.We'dallbein__14__ifwehadn'tbandedtogether.TheAmericanDreamIbelieveinnowisasharedone.It'snotsomuchaboutwhatIcangetformyself；it'sabout__15__wecanallgetbytogether.1．A.separatelyB．equallyC．violentlyD．naturally2．A.offB．a(chǎn)partC．overD．out3．A.crossedB．leftC．touredD．searched4．A.fullestB．largestC．fairestD．cheapest5．A.occupiedB．a(chǎn)bandonedC．emptiedD．robbed6．A.benefitB．lessonC．natureD．a(chǎn)rt7．A.stickingB．lookingC．swingingD．turning8．A.wildB．realC．differentD．remote9．A.uniqueB．expensiveC．rareD．necessary10．A.cooperationB．relationshipsC．satisfactionD．a(chǎn)ppointments11．A.realityB．societyC．townD．life12．A.creatingB．losingC．quittingD．offering13．A.putinB．turninC．takeinD．getin14．A.yardsB．sheltersC．campsD．cottages15．A.whenB．whatC．whetherD．howC【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。本文主題是關(guān)于美國夢的，敘述作者在患病一系列不幸后，在鄉(xiāng)村的經(jīng)受使其對美國夢有了深刻的生疏。1．A考查副詞辨析。依據(jù)本句中thesamething的提示可知，作者和其他人都在各自(separately)追趕同一個(gè)幻想。2．B考查副詞辨析。依據(jù)前半部分“經(jīng)受了不快活的大事”以及后面一句話“‘我’發(fā)覺自己無家可歸、獨(dú)身一人”可知，此處指作者的生活變得一團(tuán)糟。fallapart意為“裂開，土崩瓦解”。故選B項(xiàng)。3．D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。依據(jù)本句可知，作者在鄉(xiāng)下查找能租住的地方。search意為“查找”，符合語境。4．D考查形容詞最高級辨析。依據(jù)前一句“Ihadmytruckand$56.”以及后面一句中“Icameuponashabbyhouse…”可知，作者身上沒有多少錢，所以要租最廉價(jià)的房子。故選D項(xiàng)。5．B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。依據(jù)house的修飾詞shabby和fullofbrokenglassandrubbish可知，這幢房子沒人居住，是被遺棄的。故選B項(xiàng)。6．D考查名詞辨析。依據(jù)第三段最終一句可知，他們認(rèn)為鄰里間應(yīng)友好相處，由此說明他們教作者的是鄰里間相處的藝術(shù)(art)。7．A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。依據(jù)本句中chat可知，他們送來毛毯、蠟燭、工具之后連續(xù)留下來談天。stickaround意為“逗留，在原地”，符合語境。8．C考查形容詞辨析。依據(jù)第一段可知，作者理解的美國夢就是取得個(gè)人成就，而這里他們認(rèn)為的幻想是鄰里之間友好相處，因此是不同的。故選C項(xiàng)。9．D考查形容詞辨析。依據(jù)第一段可知，作者之前認(rèn)為的那些東西如工作、按揭、信貸、成功，是在文明生活中必需具備的，而在這個(gè)地方則完全不存在。與non-existent相對的是necessary。10．B考查名詞辨析。依據(jù)第三段最終一句中“…butofneighbourliness.”的提示可知，在這座山上，作者最有價(jià)值的財(cái)寶便是與鄰居間的關(guān)系。relationship關(guān)系。11．C考查名詞辨析。依據(jù)其次段可知，作者在鄉(xiāng)下居住；依據(jù)本句中的movedback可知，現(xiàn)在是回到城里。故選C項(xiàng)。12．B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。依據(jù)本句前半句的提示可知，很多人過著困難的生活，說明他們失去了工作和家園。故選B項(xiàng)。13．C考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。依據(jù)下文可知，作者租住的房子最初有4個(gè)人，后來又多達(dá)9個(gè)人，因此，作者租了一間足夠大的房子，是為了收留更多的人。takein意為“收留”，符合語境。14．B考查名詞辨析。假如不聯(lián)合起來，作者和其他人就都會(huì)在收容所中。shelter收容所，庇護(hù)所。15．D考查連接詞辨析?，F(xiàn)在作者所信仰的“美國夢”是同舟共濟(jì)，不是能為自己獲得什么，而是如何通過共同努力讓全部人都有收獲。此處表示方式，所以用how。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2021·遼寧，A)Chinaisalandofbicycles.Atleastitwasbackin1992whenItraveledthecountry.Backtheneveryoneseemedtoberidingabicycle.Millionsofthem,allblack.Carswererare.YetsincemyarrivalinBeijinglastyear,I'vefoundtheoppositeistrue.Therearemillionsofcars.However,peoplestillusetheirbicyclestogetaround.Formany,it'stheeasiestandcheapestwaytotraveltoday.Bicyclesalsocomeindifferentcolors—silver,green,red,blue,yellow,whateveryouwant.It'sfunwatchingpeoplebiking.Theyrushquicklythroughcrossroads,moveskillfullythroughtraffic,andrideevenonsidewalks(人行道).Bicyclesallowpeoplethefreedomtomoveaboutthatcarsjustcan'tprovide.EagertobepartofthisaspectofChineseculture,Idecidedtobuyabicycle.Greatweatheraccompaniedmygreatbuy.Iimmediatelyjumpeduponmybicycleseatandstartedhome.Myfirstridehomewasorderly(守秩序的).Tobesafe,Istayedwitha“pack”ofbikerswhilecarsonthestreetscamerunningswiftlyoutofnowhereattimes.Ididn'twanttogethit.SoItooktheridecarefully.Crossingthestreetswasthebiggestproblem.ItwasalotlikecrossingamajorhighwaybackintheUnitedStates.Thestreetsherewerewide,socrossingtooktime,skillandalittlebitofluck.Ifinallymadeithome.Thefeelingonthebicyclewasamazing.Theairhittingmyfaceandgoingthroughmyhairwaswonderful.IwassittingontopoftheworldasIpassedbyplacesandpeople.Bikingmademefeelalive.文章大意：中國是個(gè)自行車大國，由于騎自行車便利省錢。作者為了體驗(yàn)中國文化的這一面，親自騎自行車，結(jié)果感覺格外好。1．Accordingtotheauthor,whyarebicyclesstillpopularinChinatoday?A．Becausetheyaretraditionalandsafe.B．Becausetheyareconvenientandinexpensive.C．Becausetheyarecolorfulandavailable.D．Becausetheyarefastandenvironmentfriendly.答案：B推理推斷題。從第一段中的Formany,it'stheeasiestandcheapestwaytotraveltoday.可知答案。2．Theauthordecidedtobuyabicyclebecauseheintended________.A．torideitforfunB．touseitfortransportC．toexperiencelocalcultureD．toimprovehisridingskills答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段的EagertobepartofChineseculture,Idecidedtobuyabicycle.可知答案。3．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisstreetcrossing?A．Itwasboring. B．Itwasdifficult.C．Itwaslively. D．Itwaswonderful.答案：B推理推斷題。從文章倒數(shù)其次段中的Crossingthestreetswasthebiggestproblem.可知答案。4．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sbikingexperience?A．Theauthorenjoyedshowingoffhisbikingskills.B．Theauthorwasannoyedbytheairwhileriding.C．Theauthorwaspraisedbytheotherbikers.D．Theauthortookgreatpleasureinbiking.答案：D推理推斷題。從文章的最終一段的IwassittingontopofworldasIpassedbyplacesandpeople.Bikingmademefeelalive.可知答案。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2021·遼寧，B)Goinggreenseemstobeafad(時(shí)尚)foralotofpeoplethesedays.Whetherthatisgoodorbad,wecan'treallysay,butforthetwoofus,goinggreenisnotafadbutalifestyle.OnApril22,2011,wedecidedtogogreeneverysingledayforanentireyear.Thismeantdoing365differentgreenthings,anditalsomeantchallengingourselvestogogreenbeyondtheeasythings.Ratherthanrecycleandreduceourenergy,wehadtothinkof365differentgreenthingstodoandthiswasnoeasytask.Withtheideaofgoinggreeneverysingledayforayear,OurGreenYearstarted.MywifeandIdecidedtoeducatepeopleabouthowtheycouldgogreenintheirlivesandhopedwecouldshowpeopleallthegreenthingsthatcouldbedonetohelptheenvironment.Wewantedtopushthemessagethateverylittlebithelps.OverthecourseofOurGreenYear,wecompletelychangedourlifestyles.Wenowshopatorganic(有機(jī)的)stores.Weconsumelessmeat,choosinggreenfood.Wehavegreatlyreducedourbuyingwedon'tneed.Wehavegivenawayhalfofwhatweownedthroughwebsites.Ourhomeiskeptcleanbyvinegarandlemonjuice,withnochemicalcleaners.Wemakeourownbutter,enjoyingthesmellofhomemadefreshbread.Inourhomeofficeanyonecaughtdoingsomethingungreenmightbepunished.OurmindshavebeenchangedbyOurGreenYear.Wearegratefulforthechancetohavebeenabletogogreenandeducateothers.Webelievethatwedohav