【名師一號(hào)】2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)人教版必修3-雙基限時(shí)練10

雙基限時(shí)練(十)Unit4PartⅠⅠ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1.Hewasinterestedina________andalwaysstayedupatnighttowatchthestars.答案astronomy2.OnMay12,2008,anv________earthquakestruckWenchuanCounty,答案violent3.Computerhackershavebrokendownsecuritys________，raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofinformation.答案system4.Themixtureofgasesthatsurroundtheearthiscalleda________.答案atmosphere5.Formingagoodhabitofstudyingis________(基礎(chǔ))toone'sachievementsintheyearstocome.答案fundamental6.Hestucktohis________(理論)anditprovedtobecorrectatlast.答案theory7.Thisproduces________(連串)ofreactions.答案chain8.Smokingish________toyourhealth.答案harmful9.Ifyoum________4by5,theansweris20.答案multiply10.Nowwestilldon'tknowwhetherlifee________onMars.答案existsⅡ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(不多于3個(gè)單詞)1．Iadviseyoutogiveupsmoking,forsmokingis________(harm)tohealth.答案與解析harmful句意：我建議你戒煙，由于抽煙有害健康。此處應(yīng)填其形容詞形式。2．Weusuallytaketurns________(do)cleaning,andtodayitismyturn________(do)it.答案與解析todo;todo考查搭配taketurnstodosth.“輪番干某事”及Itisone'sturntodosth.“輪到某人干某事”。3．Thereisa________(puzzle)lookonherface.Actually,shefelt________(puzzle)aboutallofthis.答案與解析puzzled;puzzledpuzzled“感到困惑的”，puzzling“令人困惑的”。4．Thenovelwrittenbytheauthorsellsbest,butfiveyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedhowgreatarolehewas________(play)intheliteraryworld.答案與解析toplaywastoplay表示后來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情。5．________Alicewillbeabletogethelpfortherescueisnotcertainyet.答案與解析Whetherwhether(是否)在句中引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。if作“是否”解，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句不能位于句首。6．AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade________herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople'saffairsinthattown.答案與解析itit在句中作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。7．Cindydidn'tleavetheofficelastnight________shefinishedherjob.答案與解析until句意：辛迪昨晚直到完成了工作才離開(kāi)辦公室。not...until“直到……才”，until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用短暫性動(dòng)詞。8．Althoughthetrafficwasheavy,Imanagedtobe________timefortheimportantlecture.答案與解析in句意：盡管遇到了交通堵塞，我還是設(shè)法準(zhǔn)時(shí)地參與了那個(gè)重要的講座。intime“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”，符合句意。9．Beforeshegoestoclass,sheusuallychainsherbike________atree.答案與解析tochain...to...“用鏈子把……拴在……上”。10．Itis________(unlike)thathewillcometohelpsoonbecausehehasjustgoneout.答案與解析unlikely此句考查句型Itislikely/unlikelythat...依據(jù)語(yǔ)意，應(yīng)為“不行能”之意。11．Theykeptthedoorofthehouse________(lock),sonobodycouldgetinthroughit.答案與解析locked此處考查“keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。lock與door為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。12．Thedirection________whichthepresidentwouldgowaskeptsecret________safetyconcern.答案與解析in;for句意：為了平安起見(jiàn)，總統(tǒng)的去向保密。第一空用in,in...direction表示“向某個(gè)方向”。其次空用for,for...concern表示“出于……的考慮”。Ⅲ.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.HecametoBeijingforthefirsttime.→Itisthefirsttimethathe________been________Beijing.答案has;in2.MyclassmatesaswellasIwenttotheparkyesterday.→Myclassmateswenttotheparkyesterday.Iwent________________.答案aswell3.Youwillregretsoonerorlater.→Youwillregret________________.答案intime4.Mylittlesonfilledthetankwithwater.→Thetankwas________________water.答案fullof5.Thereisadifferencebetweenthisbookandthatone.→Thisbook________________________thatone.答案isdifferentfromⅣ.依據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，完成語(yǔ)法填空According__1__awidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.Forseveralbillionyearsafterthe“BigBang”，theearthwasstilljustacloudofdust,__2__settledintoasolidglobe.Theearthbecamevery__3__(violence),andlateritproducedmanygases,whichwere__4__(make)theearth'satmosphere.Waterhadalsoappearedontheearth,whichallowedtheearthtodissolve__5__(harm)gases__6__acidsintotheoceansandseas.Thenlifebegantodevelop.__7__understoodplantswerethestartofchanges.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseas.Smalllandanimalsappearedandproducedyounggenerallyby__8__(lay)eggs.Afterthat,somehugeanimalsexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.Mammalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast;theygavebirth__9__theyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescaping__10__theearthintospace.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________答案1.to2.which3.violent4.tomake5.harmful6．a(chǎn)nd7.Nobody8.laying9.to10.fromⅤ.閱讀理解AEdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblem.However,HalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(橢圓形)．NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(計(jì)算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearanceshadbeen75to76yearsapart.ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcomets,aspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainenoughtomakeaprediction(預(yù)言)ofwhatwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit,forhehaddiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethadbeencalledHalley'scomet，inhishonour.1．EdmundHalleyfiguredouttheorbitof________.A.somedifferentcometsappearingseveraltimesB.thesamecometappearingatdifferenttimesC.threedifferentcometsappearingthreetimesD.severalcometsappearingatthesametime答案與解析B依據(jù)第四段和最終一段可得出答案。2．Halleymadehisdiscovery________.A.bydoingexperimentsB.bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC.byusingtheworkofotherscientistsD.bychance答案與解析C依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，哈雷是在計(jì)算其他科學(xué)家的數(shù)據(jù)。3．Halleymadeasurprising,butcorrectpredictionintheyear________.A.1704B.1705C.1706D.1707答案與解析B依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段，1758－53＝1705。4．Thispassageingeneralisabout________.A.HalleyandotherscientistsB.theorbitofacometC.NewtonandHalleyD.Halleyandhisdiscovery答案與解析D全篇在敘述哈雷和哈雷彗星。5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.EdmundHalleywasanAmericanscientist.B.Halleymadehisdiscoverybydoingexperiments.C.IsaacNewtonwasafamousmathematician.D.Theorbitofacomethadtheshapeofatriangle.答案與解析CIsaacNewton(牛頓)是一個(gè)有名的數(shù)學(xué)家和物理學(xué)家。其余三項(xiàng)均可在文中找到排解依據(jù)。Halley是英國(guó)人，從第一段第一句可知；Halley靠計(jì)算和預(yù)言不是靠做試驗(yàn)；彗星的軌道是橢圓形，不是三角形，從其次段可以找到。BWelcometotheAstronomy(天文學(xué))ClubofAkron(ACA)webpage.ThepurposeoftheACAistofurtheraninterestinandtopromotethestudyofthesubjectofastronomythroughtheuseoflectures,discussiongroups,publications，programsandotheractivities.TheACAwilleducatethegeneralpublicthroughmonthlyprograms.Theseprograms,lecturesandeventscovertheplanets,solar/lunarobserving,comets(彗星)showers，deepskyobjectsandsoon.TheACAactivitiesprovideopportunitiesforitsgeneralclubmemberstogettogetherandtakepartinavarietyofgeneralastronomyrelatedmatters.Membershipisopentoanyonewithaninterestinastronomy.Noequipmentisnecessaryandnoknowledgeisneeded.Thereisnoagelimit.Clubmembersmeetonthe4thFridayofeverymonthat8a.m.attheKiwanisHallinPortageLakes.Duringthemeeting,aone-hourtalkwillbeonastronomy,spaceexplorationorweather.Thedateofthemeetingwillchangeifthe4thFridayispartofaholidayweekend.Checkthecalendar,viewthemostrecentnewsletter(簡(jiǎn)報(bào)),sende-mailsorcallthenumberlistedonourhomepageifindoubt.TheACApublishesamonthlynewsletter,TheNightClubduesare$30ayearforadults(18andover),$15forjuniors(12to17).Thefamilyonlyneeds$40ayear.Welcometoourclubandyoucancall1-866-339-9783tofindmoreinformationaboutus.6．TheACAisreallya(n)________.A.webpage B.clubC.office D.magazine答案與解析B依據(jù)文章第一段的第一句“WelcometotheAstronomyClubofAkron(ACA)webpage”可知，theACA是一個(gè)俱樂(lè)部。故該題的正確答案為B項(xiàng)。7．Fromthepassage,wecanknowtheACAwantsto________.A.makemuchmoneyB.getmorepeopleinterestedinastronomyC.sellequipmentD.holdmoremeetings答案與解析B依據(jù)文章第一段的其次句“...furtheraninterestinandtopromotethestudyoft