蘭州市2022高考英語閱讀理解和短文改錯自練(4)及答案

【由內(nèi)蒙古包頭市201模擬改編】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A,B,C和D)中，選出最佳選項。Hello.I’mJanfromMrs.Lake’sclass.Myclasswantstoworktogethertohelpthepublic.Wethinkwehavefoundagreatwaytodothis.Lastmonthwedidaclassprojectonthehighwaysnearourtown.WelearnedabouttheAdopt-a-HighwayProgram.Thisprogrambringspeopletogethertopickuplitteralongtheroads.Wethinkitwouldbeagreatideaforallstudentsinourschooltojointheprogramandadoptahighway.Adoptingahighwayisnotlikeadoptingapet.Whenahighwayisadopted，onlypartofthehighwayiscaredforbyagroupofpeople.Thegroupagreestoworkeveryweektokeepitspartofthehighwayclean.Eachgroupgetsitsownsignthathasthenameofthegroupprintedonit.Thesignisputupatthesideoftheroad.Thissignletsdriversknowwhoiskeepingthatareaoftheroadclean.TheAdopt-a-HighwayProgramisagreatwayforpeopletohelptheirenvironmentlooknicer.Also,thegovernwentdoesnothavetosendoutasmanyroadworkers.Thissavesmoney.Finally,peoplemaytryhardertokeeproadscleaniftheyseepeople，especiallyteenagerslikeus，cleaningthemup.Wewillneedhelperstocareforouradoptedhighway.Ifyouwanttofeelgreatandkeepourroadsclean，pleasecomewithyourparentstothemeetingnextweek.WewillmeetinMrs.Lake’roomonWednesdayat6:00P.M.Atthemeeting,wewilltalkaboutwhichroadsarethedirtiestasaresultofpeople'sunkindacts.Thenwe'Iltrytopickanareatoadoptandcleanap.Ilookforwardtoseeingyouatthemeeting.Remembertokeepourroadsclean!1.WhatistheAdopt-a-HighwayProgramabout?A.Givingnamestothehighways.B.Drawingpicturesofhighways.C.Pickinguplitteralongtheroads.D.Puttingupsignsneartheroads.2.Whatshouldthestudentsdofirstiftheywanttojointheprogram?A.Pickaspottocarefor.B.CallMrs.Lakenextweek.C.Writealettertotheirparents.D.GotoameetingonWednesday.3.Whatisthepurposeofthisspeech?A.Toencouragestudentstojointheprogram.B.Tointroducethetrafficsystem.C.Toshowdrivershowtodrivesafely.D.Totellastoryaboutadoptingapet.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Adopt–a-PetB.Adopt-a-HighwayC.WaystoProtecttheEnvironmentD.VolunteersonRoads【參考答案】1—4、CDAB閱讀理解。DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.“Ihavetwokidsincollege,andIwanttosay‘comehome,’butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJacobs.TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution:Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidformtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(貸款)program.Theywilleachgraduatewith$20,000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.Atthesametime,tuition（學(xué)費(fèi)）continuestorise.AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439%from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust14“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation,”saysPatrickM.Callan,presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.”Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem.Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whydidtheplanofJacobsfamilyfail?A.Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney.B.Thefatherwasoutofwork.C.Theirsavingranout.D.Thefamilyfellapart.2.HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome.B.Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschool.C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment.3.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_______.A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB.thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC.collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD.America’sunemploymentwillfall4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext?A.Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease.B.Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.D.Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thegovernmentwill.A.providemoststudentswillscholarshipsB.dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC.stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD.goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents【文章大意】這是一篇關(guān)于學(xué)費(fèi)貸款的文章?！緟⒖即鸢浮?---5、BDACD閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。體裁：談?wù)撐脑掝}：歐美風(fēng)情時間：6分鐘Theycanbedampandcold.Butwithagrowingnumberofmenseeingtheshedasahomefromhome，researchclaimsthesolitude(獨(dú)處)itprovidesatthebottomofthegardencouldactuallybegoodfortheirhealth.AstudypublishedintheBritishMedicalJournalsuggeststhatthepeacefulretreat(退隱)mayhelplowerbloodpressure.Itsauthor，ProfessorAlanWhiteofLeedsMetropolitanUniversity，claimsthehoursspentpottering(閑逛)aboutinshedsdoingoddjobsalsohaveapositiveeffectonmen'sself-esteem.“Menfinddoingthingsrelaxingandthatinitselfisgoodfortheirhealth，”hesaid.“There'sasenseofachievementthatmengetfromstartingatasktoseeingitcompleted.Menknowwhatashedmeansandtheyfeelcomfortable.”Suchhasbeenthegrowthinitspopularitythatcommunal(共享的)shedsarebeingsetuptoenablementosharetheirloveofpotteringandDIY.The“Men'sSheds”initiativehasitsrootsinAustralia.But20communalshedshavealreadysprungupintheUKfromtheLakeDistricttoGreenwich.PeterBaker，chiefexecutiveoftheMen'sHealthForum，acharityinvolvedinthescheme，said,“They'vecaughtmen'simagination.Menliketopotter.”Thereareapproximately11.5milliondomesticshedsinBritain—ahigherconcentrationthananywhereelseintheworld—and1.5millionaresoldeveryyear.Furthermore，Britonsspendmorethan60millionhoursaweekinthem.OriginatingfromtheAnglo-Saxonword“scead”，meaningshade，thepeacefulretreatremainsaplaceforthelawnmowerandpottingbenchbuthasalsobeentransformedintoagamesroomandevenaminipub.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】庭院貯存室在英國很受男性的歡迎，由于它們不僅對男性的身體健康有好處，而且還可以提升他們的自尊。1．Communalshedsarepopularbecause______.A．mencansharetheirloveofpotteringandDIYthereB．mencankeepawayfromotherfamilymembersthereC．mencanstaythereforthegoodoftheirhealthD．mencancompleteanimportanttaskthere解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段第一句可知，男人在庭院貯存室可以共享他們對閑逛的愛好以及自己動手做事情的樂趣。答案A2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutgardensheds?A．Menwillfeelrelaxedinthem.B．Menwillfeellonelystayinginthem.C．Theyonlybenefitmenphysically.D．Theycanhelpraisemen'sconfidence.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。綜合文章其次段所給的信息，庭院貯存室不僅對男性身體有好處，而且能夠提高他們的自尊，它們對男性的影響是樂觀的，而B項說明的是本文并未提及的庭院貯存室的負(fù)面作用，因此不對。答案B3．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Gardenshedsarejustaplaceformentowork.B．Gardenshedsarenotusedbymenonly.C．Gardenshedsaremainlyusedasastoreroom.D．Gardenshedsserveseveralpurposesformen.解析推理推斷題。文章最終一段說明，庭院貯存室不僅是存放割草機(jī)和盆栽長櫈的地方，而且還可作為玩耍室和迷你pub，由此推斷D項正確。答案D4．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ThepopularityofgardenshedsB．ThenewuseofgardenshedsC．HowtobuildgardenshedsD．Gardenshedsimprovemen'shealth解析主旨大意題。綜合全文，特殊是文章第一段可知，文章主要說明庭院貯存室對男性健康的好處。答案D【長難句解讀】原文Suchhasbeenthegrowthinitspopularitythatcommunal(共享的)shedsarebeingsetuptoenablementosharetheirloveofpotteringandDIY.譯文庭院貯存室如此受歡迎，以至于人們搭建起公用的貯存室，讓男人在里面共享他們對閑逛的愛好和自己動手的樂趣。分析本句是一個復(fù)合句，接受了倒裝形式。such...that...句式，假如把such置于句首，就要用倒裝語序。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。體裁：記敘文話題：公共服務(wù)時間：7分鐘Theworldoftaxidriversisdominatedbymen.ButthereisonesmalltaxicompanyinDelhi，whereallthedriversandpassengersarefemale.Women'ssafetyisahottopicinIndiaatthemoment，soit'sprovingaverypopularservice.“WhenI'montheroaddrivingourtaxiIfeelveryproud，becausethisisthefirsttaxiserviceonlyforwomen，”says31-year-oldShantiSharma，whoisoneofeightfemaledriverswithataxiservicecalledCabsforWomenbyWomen.Thelastcoupleofmonths，sincetherapeandmurderinthecityofacollegestudenttravellingonabus，havebeenparticularlybusyforherandhercolleagues.“Afterthiscase，ourworkloadhasincreasedsomuch，”saysSharma.“Womenwhousedothercabservicesarealsoturningtousnow.”MostwomeninDelhisaytheyroutinelyfaceharassment(騷擾)，andworse，especiallyonpublictransport.Sharma，asingleparentwiththreedaughters，hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011，whentheservicewasfirstsetup，andithaschangedherlife.Thisisthefirsttimethatshehasearnedenough—about250amonth—tosupportherfamily.Ofcourse，sheandtheotherfemaletaxidriversarecompletelyoutnumberedbymalecabbies.“WhenIparksomewheretherearealwaysmenthereandinevitablyfiveorsixofthemgettogetherandhangout，”shesays.“I'musuallytheonlywomanintheparkinglot，soIjuststayinsidethecar.”It'snotmuchbetterwhensheisoutontheroad.Sharmasaysthemaledriversgiveherahardtime.“Assoonastheyseeawomanatthewheeltheystarthonking(按喇叭)fornoreason.They'lltrytoovertakeyou.I'malwaysworryingabouthowtoavoidgettinghitbysomeone.”ThecompanybehindCabsforWomenbyWomen，SakhaConsultingWings，hadanumberofgoalswhenitsetuptheservice.Itwantedtogivewomenfrompoorbackgroundsanopportunitytoearnmoney.Byputtingwomeninchargeoftechnologies，italsowantedtochangepeople'sattitudes，andopenupboundariesforwomen.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】德里一家出租車公司特地推出了女性司機(jī)只為女性乘客供應(yīng)服務(wù)的CabsforWomenbyWomen出租車業(yè)務(wù)。生意特別火爆。1．ThetaxiserviceCabsforWomenbyWomen______.A．isgreatlyneededatpresentinIndiaB．causesahotdebateinIndiaC．wassetupin2022D．isfreeofchargeforwomen解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第三句中的“it'sprovingaverypopularservice”可知，這項女性出租車服務(wù)在現(xiàn)在有很大需求量。答案A2．WhyarewomenwhousedothercabservicesturningtoCabsforWomenbyWomen?A．Becauseitischeap. B．Becauseitissafe.C．Becauseitisfamous. D．Becauseitisconvenient.解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三、四段內(nèi)容可推知，那些以前乘坐其他出租車的女性現(xiàn)在選擇CabsforWomenbyWomen，是由于這種由婦女駕駛的出租車能為女性乘客供應(yīng)平安保障。答案B3．WhatdoweknowaboutSharma?A．SheisthefirstfemaletaxidriverinDelhi.B．Shelivesinharmonywithherhusband.C．Shehasregrettedbecomingataxidriver.D．Shehasabettersalaryafterbecomingataxidriver.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段可知，從2011年Sharma成為出租車司機(jī)后，她才賺了足夠多的錢來養(yǎng)家糊口。答案D4．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．TheopportunitiesCabsforWomenbyWomenprovidesforwomen.B．ThemainpurposesofCabsforWomenbyWomen.C．People'sattitudestowardsCabsforWomenbyWomen.D．ThebackgroundinformationofCabsforWomenbyWomen.解析段落大意題。依據(jù)本段的主題句“ThecompanybehindCabsforWomenbyWomen，SakhaConsultingWings，hadanumberofgoalswhenitsetuptheservice.”可知，本段主要講開展CabsforWomenbyWomen出租車服務(wù)的目的。答案B【長難句解讀】原文Sharma，asingleparentwiththreedaughters，hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011，whentheservicewasfirstsetup，andithaschangedherlife.譯文Sharma是一個獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)三個女兒的單親母親，自從2011年首次開展這項服務(wù)以來，她始終是一名出租車司機(jī)。這轉(zhuǎn)變了她的生活。分析and前后為兩個并列分句。在第一個分句中，asingleparentwiththreedaughters是Sharma的同位語。when引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，修飾2011。短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞。2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。 Whenwehadourclass,ourpsychologyteacherwouldtakeanyliquidmedicinefromatinybottle.Thistouchedthewholeclasses.Wethoughtthatheshouldaskforleaveandstayedathomeforarest,sohecametoeachclassontime.Therefore,allofusstudiedpsychologyhardthanwedidanyothersubject.Intheendofthatterm,wetoldhimthathowmuchweappreciatedhim.Weweresoworryingaboutherhealththatweaskedhimwhatdiseasehegotandwhatmedicinehetook.Withsatisfiedsmile,hesaid,“I’mquiteallrightandit’sabottleoftea.【參考答案】4.Whenwehadourclass,ourpsychologyteacherwouldtakeanyliquidsomemedicinefromatinybottle.Thistouchedthewholeclasses.Wethoughtthatheclassshouldaskforaleaveandstayedathomeforarest,sohecametoeachclassonstaybuttime.Therefore,allofusstudiedpsychologyhardthanwedidanyothersubject.harderIntheendofthatterm,wetoldthathowmuchweappreciatedhim.WeweresoAtworryingaboutherhealththatweaskedhimwhatdiseasehegotandwhatworriedhismedicinehetook.With∧satisfiedsmile,hesaid,“I’mquiteallrightandit’saabottleoftea.”短文改錯（共10小題；滿分10分；改動第11處不計分）Inthepast,teachersalwayskeptontoexplainingthepointsinclass.Ourstudentsjustlistenedandtakenotes.Butnowweoftendiscussandtrytosolvetheproblemsraisingbytheteachersorourselves.Afterclass,weenjoydifferentkindofactivitiesinsteadofdoingendlessh