黃金卷04-備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語模擬卷(廣東、山東卷)(原卷版)

【贏在高考·黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語模擬卷（山東、廣東卷）黃金卷04（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AAspecialplacetostaycanmakeaholiday—butalsobreakthebank.WehavepickednewaffordableplacesacrossEuropefor€150aroomanightorless.ScourieHotelDoublesfrom€129OpenedOctober2015Thishotelhasbeenadoredbyfishingfansforgenerations.WhentheCampbellfamilyboughtitsixyearsago,theyupdateditwithgentle,stylishfurnishings.There’sastringofspectacularbeachestodiscover,includingtheScourieBaywithgoldensand.Ho36HotelDoublesfrom€109OpenedDecember2017Thishotelofferstherarestofthings—skiaccommodationthatisbothaffordableandstylish.Guestscanskiorsnowboardfromthefrontdoor.TherearetwolivelybarswithlivemusicandregularDJnights,arestaurantservingheartyAlpinemealsandfilmnights.ConsciousHotelDoublesfrom€120OpenedApril2016ThisfourthhotelbyDutchsustainablebrandConsciousisthefirstpoweredentirelybywind.Therestaurantisfullyorganicandthebedroomssimplewithcontemporaryelements.ThehoteloverlookstheWesterpark,oneofAmsterdam’sbiggestgreenspaces.DockHotelDoublesfrom€150OpenedMay2014ThislargehotelontheBalticcoastismadefromshippingcontainers.Theindustrialthemecontinuesinside,withconcretewalls,exposedpipes,andmorecontainers.Thehotelis12minutes’walkfromthebeach.1.Whichhotelbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoyanactivesociallife?A.ScourieHotel.B.Ho36Hotel.C.ConsciousHotel.D.DockHotel.2.WhatisspecialaboutConsciousHotel?A.Itisold-fashioned.B.Ithasthelongesthistory.C.Itisenvironment-friendly.D.Itoffersthebiggestgreenspace.3.WhatcantheguestsofScourieHotelandDockHoteldo?A.Updatethefurniture.B.Walkonthebeach.C.Appreciatearchitecture.D.Visitindustrialfairs.BIcan'tstopthinkingaboutthevideoofa10-ycar-oldgirlfacingherfearsatthetopofaskijump.Herfear,hercourage,herjoy,herpride-thewholethinghasreallystruckachord(觸動心弦)inme.Ofcourse,thevideomakesmereflectonthetimeswhenIexperiencedthesimilarfeelings.Irememberhowinthosemomentseverycellinmybodyvibrated(顫動)withlife.ButitalsoremindedmeofthetimesIdidn'tchoosethemoreriskyoptions.I'vealwaysbeenalittlebitofachickenwhenitcomestomyphysicalsafetybutIdefinitelypushedmyselfmorewhenIwasyounger.NowthatI'mamom,IfeellikeIhavetostaysafe.Iworryaboutwhatmykidswoulddowithoutmeandthatleadsmetomakesafechoices.ButasIwatchthisfourthgraderovercomeherfears,Ithinkabouthowmuchthisexperiencewillmeantoherinthefuture;she'llalwayshavethisasareferencepointwhenshecomesupagainstsomethingscaryordifficult.She'llbeabletolookbackonthisandsay,“Well,Ididthatandtheworstpartwasthebadfeelingatthebeginning.”IknowIwantthatviewformy8-year-olddaughterand5-year-oldson.IknowIwantthemtotakerisks.Maybenoteveryday,maybenotski-jumping,definitelynotextremesports,butIdeeplyhopethattheywillpushthemselvestotheirlimits,facingdownfearwithwhatevertoolstheycanuseandenjoyingthegreatrushthatcomesfromattemptingscarythingsandgettingtotheothersideofthem.SoifIwantthatformykids,Ihavetohonestlylookatmyownrelationshipwithriskandsaythatyes...Iplayitsafe.AndIhavetoaskmyselfanotherquestion:AmIdoingenough?OrdoIneedtomakesomechangesin-mylifesothatmydaughterandsoncanbeinspiredtomaketheirownbravedecisions?4.Howdidtheauthorreactwhenwatchingthatvideo?A.Shefeltashamedofherself. B.Sherealizedthatsportwasdangerous.C.Shethoughtofherownpastexperiences. D.Sheregrettedtakingpartinsomeriskyactivities.5.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4mostprobablyreferto?A.Makingsafechoicesisimportant. B.Takingariskisn'tasscaryasitseems.C.Takingariskcanmakeyoufeelbad. D.Overcomingfearsrequiresalongtime.6.Theauthormostprobablythinksthatsheshould___________.A.letherkidsplaywiththegirlinthevideo.B.certainlyallowherkidstotryski-jumping.C.usesometoolstopracticeherkids'courage.D.participateinmoreriskyactivitiestosetanexample.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Pushingourselvestoourlimits B.Payingattentiontokids'activitiesC.Learningakindofriskyactivity D.EncouragingkidstochoosewhattheylikeCIt’speakcoldandfluseason,whichmeanstakingalotofpreventativemeasures.Frequenthand-washingisamust.Asisavoidingco-workersorfriendswhoaresick.Butwehumansarenottheonlyanimalsthatchangebehaviortokeepdiseasesatbay.Sodoants.“Sotherearetheforagersandthenurses—it’stwodifferentgroupsofwork,”saidNathaoftheUniversityofLausanne.Sheandhercolleaguesobservedantstoseetheirreactiontothepresenceofadisease.“Thenursesbeingmadeofyoungworkerstypically,stayinsidethenestandtakecareoftheeggs.Andtheforagersarealltheworkersspendingmostoftimeatoutsideofthenesttocollectfoodanddefendtheterritory.”Foragerantsareatgreaterriskofgettingexposedtodiseasesbecausetheyleavethesafetyofthenest.Sotheresearcherssprayedacommonvirusonasmallgroupofforagerantsandthenfollowedtheirmovementstoseethewayotherantsreacted.“Wemarkedallantsinthecolonywithindividuallabels,whichcarriesthesetwo-dimensionalbarcodemarkslikeQRcodewhichisautomaticallydetectedandrecordedusingatrackingsystem.”Aftertheinfection,thenurseandforagerantsstayedwithintheirworkingplacesandinteractedlessoutsideoftheirworkgroup.Theresearchersalsosawthatforagerantsspentmoretimeoutsideofthenest.“Theyincreasethatamountby15percent,sobyquitealonglargeamount.”Isolatingbehaviorstopsthespreadofthevirus.“Somethingthat’squiteinterestingintheseantsthat’sbeenshownbythestudyisthatintheirabilitytoavoidinfectingothermembersofthecommunity,antsmaybemoreadvancedthanweare,”Nathasaid.8.Howdidtheresearcherstracktheinfectedants?A.Theylabeledthemovementsofinfectedants.B.TheyusedtheQRcodestofollowtheants’movements.C.Theyhadsomenurseandforagerantsinfectedwiththevirus.D.Theyappliedatrackingtechnologytorecordtheants’movements.9.Howdidtheantsactafterbeinginfected?A.Foragerantsstayedinsidethenestmore.B.Infectedantstendedtostayawayfromhealthyants.C.Thenursesstayedinsidethenest,workingasusual.D.Foragerants,togetherwithcoworkers,stayedoutsidemore.10.What’sNatha’sattitudetowardants’behaviors?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Appreciative. D.Conservative.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howantskeepdiseasesatbayinthenest.B.Antschangemovementstofightagainstdiseases.C.Themeasuresalltheantstaketopreventdiseases.D.Similaritiesbetweenhumanandantsincontrollingdiseases.DUnlikehumanstudents,computersdon'tseemtogetboredorfrustratedwhenalessonistooeasyortoohard.Butjustlikehumans,theydobetterwhenalessonplanisjustrightfortheirlevelofskill.Comingupwiththerightcurriculumisn'teasy,though,socomputerscientistswonderedwhatiftheycouldmakemachinesdesigntheirown?That'swhatresearchershavedoneinseveralnewstudiestocreateartificialintelligence(AI)thatcanfigureouthowbesttoteachitself.Theworkcouldspeedlearninginself-drivingcarsandhouseholdrobots,anditmightevenhelphandlepreviouslyunsolvablemathproblems.Inoneofthenewexperiments,anAlprogramtriestoquicklyreachadestinationbynavigatinga2Dgrid(網格)populatedwithsolidblocks.The"agent"improvesitsabilitiesthroughaprocesscalledreinforcementlearning,akindoftrialanderror.Tohelpitnavigateincreasinglycomplexworlds,theresearchersconsideredtwowaysinwhichitcoulddrawthemaps.Onemethodrandomlydistributedblocks;withit,theAldidn'tlearnmuch.AnothermethodrememberedwhattheAIhadstruggledwithinthepast,andmaximizeddifficultyaccordingly.Butthatmadetheworldstoohardandsometimesevenimpossibletocomplete.Sothescientistscreatedasetting,usinganewapproachtheycalledPAIRED.First,theycoupledtheirAlwithanearlyidenticalone,whichtheycalledtheantagonist(敵手).Then,theyhadathirdAIdesigntheworldthatwaseasyfortheantagonist-buthardfortheoriginalprotagonist(主角).Thatkeptthetasksjustattheedgeoftheprotagonist'sabilitytosolve.Thedesignerusedaneuralnetworktolearnitstaskovermanytrials.Aftertraining,theprotagonistsolvedtheproblemsofferedtoitsuccessfully.ThePAIREDapproachisacleverwaytogetAltolearn,saysBartSelman,acomputerscientistatCornellUniversityandpresidentoftheAssociationfortheAdvancementofArtificialIntelligence.12.Whichofthefollowingisaproblemforcomputerscientists?A.Designingasuitablelessonplanforcomputers.B.Askinghumanstudentstobeactiveinalesson.C.Helpingstudentstoworkouttheirowecurriculum.D.Improvinghumanstudents'computerskillsquickly.13.Whatdidthetwowaysusedbytheresearchershaveincommon?A.TheywerepracticalfortheAlresearch. B.Theybothhadtheirownweakness.C.TheyweretoohardfortheAItoteachitself. D.TheybothmadetheAIstrugglewiththepast.14.WhatdoesBartSelmanthinkofthePAIREDapproach?A.Difficult B.Simple. C.Promising D.Useless15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheApplicationofArtificialIntelligence. B.TheImpactofArtificialIntelligence.C.ArtificialIntelligenceResearchesNavigationforSelf-driving. D.ArtificialIntelligenceDesignsLessonPlansforItself.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。"Don'ttakemanyEnglishcourses;theywon'thelpyougetadecentjob.""Signupformanagementclasses,soyou'llbereadytojointhefamilybusinesswhenyougraduate."Manyofushaveheardsuggestionsliketheseputforwardbyparentsorothersclosetous.____16____Theanswerisyes.Suchcommentsoftenseemquitereasonable.However,withregardtofindingacorrectpathofcareer,itrelatestodecisionsyoushouldmake.____17____Oneoftheworstreasonstofollowaparticularpathinlifeisthatotherpeoplewantyouto.Decisionsthataffectyourlifeshouldbeyourdecisions—decisionsyoumakeafteryou'veconsideredvariousalternativesandchosenthepaththatsuitsyoubest.____18____Forinstance,yourparentsdohavetheirownuniqueexperiencesthatmaymaketheiradvicehelpful,andhavingparticipatedinagreatdealofyourpersonalhistory,theymayhaveaclearviewofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.____19____Theymaystillseeyouasachild,inneedofcareandprotection.Ortheymayseeonlyyourstrengths.Or,insomeunfortunatecases,theymayfocusonlyonyourflawsandshortcomings.Forthewholelife,wearealwaysinthewanderingandhesitation.____20____Unlessyou'vealreadydeterminedtobetheirfaithfulaudience,youshouldn'tworrytoomuchaboutlettingotherscontrolyouractions.Ultimately,though,youcanassurethatyourownjudgmentswillleadyourway.A.Shouldwefollowthepaththattheychooseforus?B.Youaretheonewhomustlivewiththeirconsequences.C.Shouldsuggestionslikethesebetakenwithcaution?D.Aperson'sjourneythroughlifemightbeseenasaseriesofdecisions.E.Makingyourowndecisionsdoesnotmeanthatyoushouldignorethesuggestionsofothers.F.Peoplewillalwaysbegivingyouadviceonyourpath.G.Still,theirviewsarenotnecessarilyaccurate.第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1.分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。EversinceIwasaboy,I’vebeenapennypicker.Backthenapennywasstillworthapenny.Ifyou___21___tofindtwothenyoucouldbuyabigpieceofgum.Soeachpennybackthenwasalittle___22___.LaterIheardthesayingthatpenniesarealso___23___fromtheHeaventhatyouarewatchedoverfromabove.Itsaidthattheywerelittle___24___frompassedlovedonessetinour___25___toremindusoftheirlove.I___26___thoughtmuchaboutthisuntilthewinterofmy25thyear.ThatwastheyearwhenmyMom___27___.Afterwatchingherlastbreath,my___28___weighedonmelikeastone.HowI___29___forjustonemorehug,onemore“Iloveyou”frommyMom.WhenIstoppedata____30____stationtofillmycar’stank,Isawanewpennyonsomedirtysnow.Irememberedtheoldsaying.Ismiled,____31____,andpickeditup.____32____,Ifeltawaveofloveentermyheart.Sincethatday30yearsago,Ihavefoundatleastathousandpennies.Theycometomeeverywhereandatalltimes,liftingmyspiritsona____33____day.TheyalwaysremindmethatIam____34____.Youarelovedsoletthisloveliveinyou.Shareyourownloveaswell.Anddon’tforgetto____35____wheneveryoupickupapenny.21.A.managed B.meant C.failed D.declined22.A.pose B.treasure C.crime D.fashion23.A.barriers B.comforts C.antiques D.reminders24.A.devices B.tests C.tricks D.gifts25.A.career B.system C.path D.program26.A.never B.ever C.often D.even27.A.returned B.recovered C.retired D.died28.A.disappointment B.sadness C.budget D.poverty29.A.accounted B.answered C.allowed D.longed30.A.subway B.coach C.gas D.radio31.A.bentdown B.cleanedup C.gaveaway D.turnedin32.A.Hopefully B.Therefore C.Suddenly D.Moreover33.A.usual B.down C.sunny D.calm34.A.limited B.measured C.loved D.shaped35.A.smile B.photograph C.seek D.donate第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Chineseworkersoncedemonstratedtheirgreatefficiencyin2018.___36___(incredible),around1,500workersspentjustninehours___37___(complete)theconstructionofanewtrainstationinFujianProvince,southernChina.Seventrainsand23diggerswereused___38___(assist)themassiveproject.Avideo___39___(release)ontheInternetshowedhowtheconstructionworkersconnectedthreemajorrailroadswiththenewNanlongRailway.Theyalsosetupthetrafficsignalsand___40___seriesoftrafficmonitoringequipment.TheconstructiontookplaceattheNanlongRailwayStationinthecityofLongyan.ItbeganonJanuary19andfinished___41___theearlymorningofJanuary20.Theprojectwascompletedsoquicklybecausetheworkershadbeenarrangedintosevenunitstoundertakedifferent___42___(task)atthesametime.Measuring246kilometresin___43___(long),thenewNanlongRailwayisamaintransportlinkbetweensouth-eastChinaand___44___(center)China.Itsupportstrains____45____operateatamaximumspeedof200kph.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是學生會主席李華，你校籌劃下周舉辦一次“魅力中國”城市展覽，給國際學生提供了解中國城市的機會。請你用英語寫一份通知，號召國際學生積極參與，內容包括：1．活動時間、地點;2．活動內容及意義。注意：1．詞數不少于80;2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。NOTICENovember19,2022__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents’Union第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。MeiMeifrowned(皺眉)asshehelpedhermotherandfathersetoutthecookingsuppliesintheshinysteelkitchen.HerfamilyhadjustmovedherefromSanFrancisco,havingboughtasmallrestaurant,whichwassettoopeninthenextfewdays.“Movingherewasastupididea.IhavelostallmyfriendsinSanFrancisco.WhatshouldIdonow?”MeiMeigrumbled(抱怨),mostlytoherself.“What’sthat?”Hermotherasked,openingaboxandliftingoutseveralpotsandawok(炒鍋).“Nothing.”MeiMeisaid.Thegirlhadbeencomplainingaboutthemove,butherparentshadmadethedecisionandwerenowtoobusygettingreadyforthegrandopeningtolistentohercomplaints.Thefirstfewdaysathernewschoolhadn'tbeeneasy,either.Shefoundithardtotalktopeopleshedidn’tknow,anditseemedlikethestudentshadn’tevennoticedher.MeiMeisighedandgotbacktowashingdishes.Onthedayofthegrandopening,MeiMei’sparentswereallsmiles,welcomingcustomersintotherestaurant,brightlydecoratedingoldandred.EvenMeiMeiwasinagoodmoodassherushedaround,seatingguests,handingoutmenus,andpouringtallglassesofwater.Thiswasabigdayforherfamily.AtoneofthetablessatafamilywithtwodaughterswhowereaboutMeiMei’sage.Asshefilledtheirglasses,MeiMeirealizedthetwinswereinherclass.MeiMeiloweredherheadsoherlonghaircoveredherface,andsheturnedawayfromthetable.MeiMei’smotherfoundhersoonafter,inthekitchenloadingthedishwasher.“Honey,whatareyoudoingbackhere?Weneedyououtfrontwiththecustomers.”Paragraph1:“Mom.Idon’twanttobeoutthere!”___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:MeiMeiputahandfulofcookiesintoasmallplateandleftthekitchen.______________________________________________________________________