科技英語翻譯方法與技巧課件：長難句的翻譯

科技英語翻譯方法與技巧

長難句的翻譯12目錄次序的處理結(jié)構(gòu)的處理3綜合法一、長難句的翻譯在科技英語中，有些句子雖較長，但是他們敘述的內(nèi)容基本上按照所發(fā)生的時間先后安排，或者內(nèi)容按照邏輯關(guān)系安排，與漢語表達方法比較一致，因此可以按照原文的順序譯出，稱為順譯法。長難句的翻譯順譯法次序的處理一、長難句的翻譯長難句的翻譯順譯法次序的處理If,when

an

SCR

is

biased

in

the

forward

direction

anda

current

pulse

is

injected

into

the

Pregion

of

junction

2

by

momentarily

applying

avoltage

to

the

gate,junction

2

becomes

forward-biased,

and

conduction

through

the

SCR

begins.當晶閘管正向偏置時，如果對控制極加了瞬時正電壓，從而有一個脈沖流進入結(jié)2的P區(qū)，這時結(jié)2正向偏置，晶閘管開始導(dǎo)通。一、長難句的翻譯長難句的翻譯順譯法次序的處理However,fiber

systems

can

carry

so

many

more

telephone

conversations

at

the

same

timethan

wire

pairsand

can

carry

them

so

much

farther

without

amplification

of

regeneration,thatwhen

there

are

many

telephone

calls

to

be

carried

between

points

such

as

switching

offices

fiber

systems

are

economically

attractive.然而，光纖系統(tǒng)同時可容納比線對多得多的電話線路，并且在不需要放大的情況下把信號送得更遠。當兩點之間，比如中繼局有很多電話呼叫要傳送的時候，光纖系統(tǒng)就是非常經(jīng)濟的。一、長難句的翻譯

當英語句子中的邏輯次序和漢語相反，如表示條件、時間、讓步等意義的從句位于主句之后時，往往需要采用另一種譯法就是倒譯法，也就是把從句提到主句之前來翻譯。長難句的翻譯倒譯法次序的處理一、長難句的翻譯長難句的翻譯倒譯法次序的處理A

student

of

mathematics

must

become

familiar

with

all

the

signs

and

symbols

commonlyused

in

mathematics

and

gear

them

in

mind

firmly,and

be

well

versed

in

the

definitions,formulas

as

well

as

technical

terms

in

the

field

of

mathematics,so

that

he

may

be

ableto

build

upthe

foundation

of

the

mathematical

subject

and

master

it

well

for

pursuing

advancedstudy.為了打好數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，掌握好數(shù)學(xué)以便深造，一個學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)的學(xué)生必須熟悉和牢記數(shù)學(xué)中所有的符號，通曉定義、公式以及術(shù)語。一、長難句的翻譯長難句的翻譯倒譯法次序的處理

This

is

why

the

hot

water

system

in

a

furnace

will

operate

without

the

use

of

a

waterpumpif

the

pipes

are

arranged

so

that

the

hottest

water

rises

while

the

coldest

water

rundown

again

to

the

furnace.如果能把管子裝成讓最熱的水上升，最冷的水流下回到鍋爐去，那么鍋爐中熱水系統(tǒng)不用水泵就能運轉(zhuǎn)，其道理就在于此。

一、長難句的翻譯翻譯采用短句長難句的翻譯結(jié)構(gòu)的處理

有些長難句中介詞短語等修飾詞與主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，可遵照漢語多用短句的習(xí)慣，將它們譯成短句分開敘述。一、長難句的翻譯翻譯采用短句長難句的翻譯結(jié)構(gòu)的處理The

laser,its

creation

is

thought

to

be

one

of

today’swonders,is

nothing

more

thana

light

that

differs

from

ordinary

lights

only

in

that

it

is

many,many

times

more

intense

andso

can

be

applied

in

the

field

that

no

ordinary

light

has

ever

been

able

to

penetrate.激光的發(fā)明雖然被認為是當代的一個奇跡，其實它也就是一種光。這種光不同于普通的光，由于它比普通的光強烈許多倍，因而能夠應(yīng)用于普通光無法穿透的地方。一、長難句的翻譯壓縮句子，用詞或短語代替長難句的翻譯結(jié)構(gòu)的處理With

radar,we

can

"see"

things

at

a

great

distance

and

it

shows

us

how

far

away

theyare,in

which

direction

they

lie,and

what

movements

they

are

making.有了雷達，我們就能“看到”遠方的物體，雷達還能向我們指明這些物體的距離、方位和運動方式。一、長難句的翻譯壓縮句子，用詞或短語代替長難句的翻譯結(jié)構(gòu)的處理For

use

where

small

size,light

weight

and

portability

are

highly

desirable,transistorizedoscilloscopesare

preferred

over

vacuum-tube

types.在應(yīng)用中如果需要體積小、重量輕和攜帶方便，那么采用晶體管示波器比采用電子管優(yōu)越。一、長難句的翻譯綜合法長難句的翻譯The

efforts

that

have

been

made

to

explain

optical

phenomena

through

the

hypothesisof

a

medium

having

the

same

physical

characteristics

as

an

elastic

solid

body

led,in

the

first

instance,to

the

understanding

of

a

concrete

example

of

a

medium

that

can

transmit

transversevibrations,and

at

a

later

stage

to

the

definite

conclusion

that

there

is

no

luminiferous

mediumhaving

the

physical

character

assumed

in

the

hypothesis.為了揭示光學(xué)現(xiàn)象，人們曾試圖假定有一種具有與彈性固體相同的物體的介質(zhì)。這種嘗試的結(jié)果