2025屆高考英語一輪復習考點43完形填空議論文考點歸納

考點43完形填空爭論文高考頻度：★★☆☆☆爭論文是一種通過剖析事物或論述事理來提出主見或發(fā)表見解的文體。爭論文分為兩種，一種是夾敘夾議型，另一種是純爭論型。爭論文是一種剖析事理、論述事物、發(fā)表見解或提出主見的說理性文章。爭論文的目的不僅是客觀地說明事物，還力圖勸服讀者信任并接受某一觀點。爭論文是高考完形填空題中較難的一種體裁，它一般由三個要素組成：論點、論據(jù)和結論。做好這類題的關鍵在于要抓住作者的論點。爭論文中對于論點的提出通常有三種形式：1.開宗明義，干脆提出論點在有些爭論文中作者開頭就提出論點，通過論證，最終提出自己的看法，或提出另一個話題供大家探討。一般來說，這種形式的爭論文作者看法明確，我們也能很簡單地把握作者對某一件事的看法。2.導入式提出論點在有些爭論文中，作者并不是干脆提出自己的觀點，而是通過對某一現(xiàn)象的論述來贊揚或指責某一事物，進而提出自己的觀點，然后再用詳細的論據(jù)去證明自己的觀點。3.水到渠成式得出結論在有些爭論文中作者開頭只是列舉一系列生活中的現(xiàn)象，而不是表明自己的觀點，通過對詳細現(xiàn)象的分析，最終自然得出結論，而此結論就是文章的論點。爭論文形式的完形填空不像記敘文形式的完形填空那么有情景。因此，我們對整個文章的把握相對來說也難得多。解答這類題要遵循下列原則：1.從首尾句入手，抓住中心爭論文的寫作思路一般為：提出問題→分析問題→解決問題。因此，文章的第一、二句話通常為文章的主題句，而文章的結尾句常為文章的結論。由此可見，我們必需充分利用文章的首尾句，推想出文章的中心，從而理解全文。2.緊扣信息詞，把握作者觀點考生要弄清文章的行文邏輯，如轉折關系、因果關系、遞進關系、對比關系、讓步關系、指代關系等。有時文章的第一、二段并不是作者的觀點，而是對某個事物的介紹或描述，然后用信息詞，如but，however，yet等將自己的觀點引出，因此，閱讀時確定要特殊留意這些信息詞。3.從語境入手，確定邏輯關系句與句之間總要反映出因果、假設、條件、類推等邏輯關系。這些邏輯關系常常通過ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,asaresult,asaconsequence,onthecontrary,aboveall,firstofall,secondly,finally,incase等單詞或短語表達出來。但有時作者并不運用這些單詞或短語，而是將邏輯關系暗含于文章中，這就須要考生依據(jù)語境來確定邏輯關系。4.理清文章的論點、論據(jù)和結論假如我們連論點、論據(jù)、結論都沒把握住的話，只能是漫無目的地選擇答案了。一般說來，能說明論點的答案可以在論據(jù)里得到印證，且作為論點的某些答案也可以與論據(jù)有機地結合起來，使論點與論據(jù)相輔相承，從而使整篇文章上下一樣。假如我們所選的答案前后沖突，論點與論據(jù)相悖，最終的結論與論點自相沖突，那就說明我們對文章的把握缺乏條理性和系統(tǒng)性，我們就需重新來理順文章的各部分，直到條理清晰為止，然后再依據(jù)自己對文章的把握及各部分的邏輯關系選出答案。Childrenandyoungpeopletendtohavecertainrolemodels–peopletheywanttobelikewhentheygrow

1.Though

2childrenwouldhavewishedtocopytheirmother,fatherora(n)

3

relative,graduallytheserolemodelsarethoughtofasfamouspeopleorpopular

4.Peoplehavedifferentopinionsabout

5popularstarsorotherfamouspeoplearegoodrolemodelsforchildren.Charmingmodels,suchasKatiePrice,areoftenadmiredand

6byyounggirls.Thisisthebiggestworryofparentsandteachers.Theywishto

7

theconceptthatsuccessisachievedthroughhardworkand

8

ratherthananattractivelooking.Mostpeopletendtogrowuptobethosewhoare

9

home–theirparentsorfamilyfriends.Somedecidetobeliketheirfavoriteteacher.Achildwholovesto

10

maywanttogrowtobethenextPicassoorVanGogh;Someonewholovesto

11mightimaginethemselvesasafamouswriter;ifachildenjoysdancing,heorshe

12

welladmireafamousdancer,butthisisnotthe

13.Alotofdancestudentswishtobeliketheir

14

teacher.Therefore,thejobofateacheris

15

justprovidingknowledgeofagivensubject.Theyshouldbeableto

16

theirstudents’trustand

17

themwell.Helpingyoungsterstolearnfrommodels,tolearnhowtoaccept

18

withgraceandlosingwithdignity,iscentraltoanyparent’sorteacher’sjob.Mannersareveryimportantandadanceteachercan

19

hisorherpositionandinfluenceto

20

goodbehaviorstoyoungsters.1.A.younger B.stronger C.older D.taller2.A.atfirst B.atlast C.atleast D.atmost3.A.generous B.humorous C.ordinary D.favorite4.A.fans B.singers C.stars D.dancers5.A.that B.whether C.why D.if6.A.caughtupwith B.lookeddownupon C.thoughthighlyof D.madefunof7.A.hold B.encourage C.receive D.ignore8.A.luck B.effort C.imagination D.creativity9.A.similarto B.farfrom C.closeto D.differentfrom10.A.readandwrite B.singanddance C.drawandpaint D.listenandspeak11.A.dance B.think C.sing D.read12.A.may B.should C.must D.need13.A.case B.trouble C.matter D.deal14.A.art B.music C.piano D.dance15.A.betterthan B.morethan C.ratherthan D.lessthan16.A.accept B.lose C.receive D.gain17.A.negotiatewith B.communicatewith C.keepupwith D.putupwith18.A.challenging B.failing C.winning D.falling19.A.takechargeof B.losecontrolof C.getridof D.makeuseof20.A.introduce B.press C.turn D.push【文章大意】這是一篇爭論文。很多青少年都將名人或明星作為自己的偶像。人們對這種現(xiàn)象持不同觀點。作者認為，作為老師或家長，他們的中心任務就是要引導青少年正確的向偶像學習，以正確的看法對待成功和失敗。1.C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。young年輕的；strong強壯的，牢固的；old老的；tall高的。由語境可知，孩子和年輕人都有自己的偶像。他們長大之后想成為像自己偶像那樣的人。故C選項切題。2.A【解析】考查短語辨析。atfirst起初；atlast最終；atleast至少；atmost至多。由后文的＂gradually＂可知，起初，孩子們會把自己的父母或親戚作為自己的偶像。故A選項正確。3.D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。generous慷慨的；humorous幽默的；ordinary一般的；favorite最喜愛的。由語境可知，孩子把親戚作為自己的偶像，由此可以推知，這個親戚確定是他最喜愛的。故D選項切題。4.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fan迷；singer歌手；star明星，星星；dancer跳舞者，舞蹈演員。由語境可知，漸漸地，孩子的偶像就會變成名人或明星。故C選項切題。下文第一句中亦有提示。5.B【解析】考查賓語從句。由語境可知，人們對于以名人或明星作為偶像是否對孩子們好持不同觀點。故B選項切題。6.C【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。catchupwith趕上；lookdownupon看不起；thinkhighlyof高度贊揚；makefunof取笑。該空和前面的admire并列，年輕的女孩子們對KatiePrice評價很高，常常贊美她，以她為偶像。故C選項切題。7.B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。hold拿，握；encourage激勵；receive收到；ignore忽視。由語境可知，父母希望激勵這樣一個觀念：成功是通過努力獲得的而不是通過迷人的外表獲得的。故B選項切題。8.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。luck運氣；effort努力；imagination想象力；creativity創(chuàng)建力。該空和前面的hardwork并列，故B選項切題。成功是通過努力獲得的。B選項切題。9.C【解析】考查形容詞短語辨析。similarto與……相像；farfrom遠離……；closeto離……近；differentfrom和……不同。由后文的theirparentsorfamilyfriends可知，大部分人長大之后往往成為和自己離得近的人。故C選項切題。10.C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。readandwrite讀寫；singanddance唱歌跳舞；drawandpaint畫畫和繪畫；listenandspeak聽和寫。PicassoorVanGogh都是畫家的名字，故可知，喜愛畫畫的孩子希望成為下一個畢加索或梵高。C選項切題。11.D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。dance跳舞；think想，認為；sing唱；read讀。由后文的＂writer＂可知，喜愛閱讀的人希望自己成為一名作家。故D選項切題。12.A【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。may可能，可以；should應當；must必需；need須要，必要。maywell意為＂很可能＂。一個喜愛跳舞的人很可能想成為一名聞名的舞蹈家。故A選項切題。13.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。case狀況，案例，病例；trouble麻煩；matter事情，問題，物質(zhì)；deal協(xié)定，交易，大量。由語境可知，狀況并非總是如此。A選項切題。14.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。art藝術；music音樂；piano鋼琴；dance舞蹈。很多學舞蹈的學生希望成為像他們舞蹈老師那樣的人。故D選項切題。15.B【解析】考查短語辨析。betterthan比……好；morethan超過，比……多；ratherthan而不是；lessthan比……少。由語境可知，老師的工作不僅僅只是向?qū)W生傳授學問。B選項切題。16.D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。accept接受；lose失去；receive收到；gain獲得。由語境可知，老師應當能夠獲得學生的信任。故D選項切題。17.B【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。negotiatewith和……談判，協(xié)商；communicatewith和……溝通；keepupwith跟上；putupwith容忍，忍受。由語境可知，老師應當獲得學生的信任并且和學生進行良好的溝通。故B選項切題。18.C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。challenge挑戰(zhàn)；fail失敗；win獲勝；fall落下，摔倒。由語境可知，老師或者父母的中心職責就是要幫助青少年像偶像學習，教給他們?nèi)绾蝺?yōu)雅地接受成功，如何在失敗的時候保持尊嚴。win和后文的lose對應。故C選項切題。19.D【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。takechargeof負責，管理；losecontrolof失去對……的限制；getridof擺脫，除去；makeuseof利用。由語境可知，舞蹈老師可以利用自己的職位和影響將好的行為介紹給青少年。故D選項切題。20.A【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。introduce介紹，引入；press按，壓；turn翻轉，轉動；push推，逼迫。結合上一題解析可知，A選項切題。題組一（高考真題）Cloze1(2024·福建卷) Oneoftheeasiestthingsintheworldistobecomeafault-finder.However,lifecanbe1whenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit. SeveralyearsagoI2aletterfromseventeen-year-oldKerry,whodescribedherselfasaworld-classfault-finder,almostalways3bythings.Peoplewerealwaysdoingthingsthatannoyedher,and4wasevergoodenough.Shewashighlyself-criticalandalsofoundfaultwithherfriends.Shebecameareally5person. Unfortunately,ittookahorribleaccidenttochangeher6.Herbestfriendwasseriouslyhurtinacarcrash.Whatmadeitalmost7todealwithwasthatthedaybeforethe8,Kerryhadvisitedherfriendandhadspentthewholetimecriticizingher9ofboyfriends,thewayshewasliving,thewaysherelatedtohermother,andvariousotherthingsshefeltsheneededto10.Itwasn’tuntilherfriendwasbadlyhurtthatKerrybecame11herhabitoffindingfault.Veryquickly,shelearnedtoappreciateliferatherthanto12everythingsoharshly(苛刻).Shewasabletotransferhernewwisdomtootherpartsofher13aswell. Perhapsmostofusaren’tasextremeatfault-finding,14whenwe’rehonest,wecanbesharply15oftheworld.I’mnotsuggestingyou16problems,orthatyoupretendthingsare17thantheyare,butsimplythatyoulearntoallowthingstobeastheyare—18mostofthetime,andespeciallywhenit’snotareallybig19. Trainyourselfto＂biteyourtongue＂,andwithalittle20,you’llgetreallygoodatlettingthingsgo.Andwhenyoudo,you’llgetbackyourenthusiasmandloveforlife.1.A.lonely B.great C.quiet D.uneasy2.A.received B.answered C.expected D.rejected3.A.threatened B.interrupted C.bothered D.spoiled4.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing5.A.caring B.boring C.interesting D.surprising6.A.attitude B.plan C.measure D.explanation7.A.urgent B.unnecessary C.certain D.impossible8.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure9.A.memory B.notice C.evidence D.choice10.A.hear B.contribute C.express D.admit11.A.awareof B.afraidof C.curiousabout D.confusedabout12.A.discuss B.realize C.judge D.settle13.A.family B.life C.career D.education14.A.so B.or C.but D.for15.A.proud B.sure C.hopeful D.critical16.A.face B.create C.solve D.ignore17.A.rarer B.better C.stranger D.worse18.A.atleast B.atlast C.byfar D.sofar19.A.task B.deal C.result D.duty20.A.practice B.speech C.rest D.pityCloze2(2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ) Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine(常規(guī))basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis1atworkinpeopleofall2.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout3withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir4soonwearsoffandbyJanuarythose5toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof6stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’s7interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild8bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the9ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat10butaresoonlookingforwardto11.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany12,whonowcomplain(埋怨)aboutthelongdrivestowork,13droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst14theirdriver’slicenses(執(zhí)照)?Beforepeopleretire,theyusually15todoalotof16things,whichtheyneverhad17todowhileworking.But18afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey19.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew20.1.A.principle B.habit C.way D.power2.A.parties B.races C.countries D.ages3.A.working B.living C.playing D.going4.A.confidence B.interest C.anxiety D.sorrow5.A.same B.extra C.funny D.expensive6.A.well-organized B.colorfully-printed C.newly-collected D.half-filled7.A.broad B.passing C.different D.main8.A.silently B.impatiently C.gladly D.worriedly9.A.promise B.burden C.right D.game10.A.courage B.calmness C.confusion D.excitement11.A.graduation B.independence C.responsibility D.success12.A.children B.students C.adults D.retirees13.A.carefully B.eagerly C.nervously D.bravely14.A.required B.obtained C.noticed D.discovered15.A.need B.learn C.start D.plan16.A.great B.strange C.difficult D.correct17.A.time B.money C.skills D.knowledge18.A.only B.well C.even D.soon19.A.lost B.chose C.left D.quit20.A.pets B.toys C.friends D.colleagues題組二（2024年名校模擬題）Close1（2024·上海市試驗學校月考）LawmakersinNewJerseyrecentlyadvancedabillthatwouldbanbusinessesfromgoingcashless—amovethatwouldputthestateatoddswiththeglobaltrendtowardelectronicpaymentsbutwould1resistancefromlocalofficialswhoseeno-cashpoliciesasunfair.Almost1of3Americansin2024saytheydon'tusecashduringatypicalweekofpurchases,accordingtothePewstudyreleasedthisweek.ThefindingsreveallifethatAmericansarebecominglessreliantonpapercurrency,mirroring2inSweden,IndiaandChina.Butstateandlocalofficialssaythatrestaurantsandshopsdothatadoptcashlesspolicieshaveleftsomemembersofthecommunitybehind—individualswithoutthe3toopenabankaccountorwholackaccesstolinesofcreditorthemobileappsthatpowerdigitalpayments.TheNewJerseymeasure,whichwouldapplyonlytoface-to-facesalesandwould4internetandphonepurchases,comesasofficialspush5effortstobarno-cashrulesinNewYorkandPhiladelphia.6cashlesspoliciesofferconsumersthepromiseofconvenienceandprovidebusinessesgreaterprotectionagainsttheft,theyalsocanexcludelow-incomeconsumersorundocumentedimmigrants,criticssay."Cash-freebusinessesarediscriminatorybydesignandpose7tolow-incomecommunitiesthatmaynothaveaccesstocreditordebit,"NewYorkCouncilmemberTorressaidonTwitterwhenheintroducedabillthatwouldbanthepractice.AccordingtothePewstudy,thedeclineintheuseof8currencyisunevenamongthepopulationwhenrace,ageandincomeareaccountedfor.Pewfoundasignificant9incashlessadoptiontiedtoannualhouseholdincome,withadultsmakingatleast$75,000morethantwiceaslikelytomakealltheirpurchaseswithoutusingcashinatypicalweek,10withpeoplewhomakelessthan$30,000.ThePewfindingssuggestthatthe11ofgoingcashlessmaycomewithacostthatonlysomegroupsofpeoplewillbear.Americanswithlowerincomesareroughlyfourtimesaslikelythanhigherearnerstomakealmostalloftheirpurchaseswithcash,accordingtothestudy.Ashasbeennoted,businessleadershave12cashlesspoliciesbypointingtohighersecurityand13customerserviceandefficiency.Someadvocateshavefocusedonprovidingpeoplewhoareunderservedbythe14bankingsystemwithmoreaffordableoptions,attackingtherootcausebehindthe15ofcashlesspayments.1．A．setup B．putup C．backup D．stepup2．A．deposits B．exchanges C．shifts D．currencies3．A．ideas B．means C．directions D．outlets4．A．a(chǎn)ttract B．exclude C．a(chǎn)dvance D．include5．A．opposite B．a(chǎn)ssociated C．similar D．collective6．A．While B．Provided C．Because D．As7．A．discounts B．traps C．challenges D．risks8．A．electronic B．physical C．virtual D．circulating9．A．similarity B．expense C．gap D．consumption10．A．linked B．a(chǎn)ssociated C．combined D．compared11．A．outcomes B．effects C．benefits D．disadvantages12．A．a(chǎn)dopted B．defended C．developed D．criticized13．A．hindered B．a(chǎn)ccomplished C．improved D．desired14．A．traditional B．fading C．a(chǎn)ggressive D．unqualified15．A．transformations B．developments C．criticisms D．creationsClose2（2024·上海寶山·月考）Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD．Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Asachild,whatdidyouwanttobewhenyougrewup?Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablyletyourimaginationrun16.Maybeyoudreamedofflyingintospaceorbeingafamouschef.Thenperhapsovertheyears,yourdreamsbecamemore17Oryoumighthavegivenuponsomealtogether.Ifthat’sthecase,thentoday’sthedayforyou.January13thisMakeYourDreamsComeTrueDay.Ifyou’vebeen18fulfillingyourdreams,thisisthedaytomakeafreshstart.It’simportanttodreambecausedreamscangiveusthe19tosucceedinlife.Dreamsinspireandmotivateus.Thegreatthingaboutdreamsisthatthere’sno20toaccomplishthemrightaway.Theymighttakeafewyearsortheymighttakealifetimeto21.Theimportantthingisthatyou’re22workingtowardyourdream.Andthebestwaytodothatisbysettinggoals.Whatisthe23betweenadreamandagoal?It’sbeensaidthatdreamsarethefinaldestination;goalsarethestopsalongtheway.Dreamscanbevery24.Butthestepsyoutaketoreachthemshouldbevery25.Yourdreamsstatewhatyouwant,butgoalsexplainhowyou’llgetthere.Thatmakesgoalsetinganecessarystepin26yourdreams.Manysuccessfulpeoplehavespokenaboutdreams.FormerU.S.SecretaryofStateColinPowellstressedthe27ofworkingforourdreams.“Adreamdoesn’tbecomerealitythroughmagic:ittakessweat,28andhardwork.“AuthorLesBrownremindedusthatdreamshaveno29limit.Youarenevertoooldtosetanothergoalortodreamanewdream.Ifyou’vebeendreamingaboutdoingsomethingforyears,starttoday.Writedownyodream,and30yourgoals.Thenyou’llbeonyourwaytomakingyourdreamscometrue.16．A．fast B．high C．well D．wild.17．A．colorful B．a(chǎn)mazing C．realistic D．a(chǎn)ttractive18．A．puttingoff B．takingoff C．gettingoff D．payingoff19．A．opportunity B．direction C．energy D．a(chǎn)ccess20．A．pressure B．doubt C．sense D．need21．A．seek B．a(chǎn)chieve C．explain D．design22．A．really B．a(chǎn)lmost C．a(chǎn)lways D．hardly23．A．concept B．similarity C．comparison D．difference24．A．unreal B．general C．changeable D．flexible25．A．specific B．a(chǎn)bstract C．common D．complicated26．A．imaging B．a(chǎn)voiding C．reaching D．believing27．A．process B．benefit C．consequence D．importance28．A．blood B．determination C．intelligence D．loyalty29．A．a(chǎn)ge B．extra C．space D．normal30．A．transfer B．convert C．establish D．devoteClose3（2024·上海市北虹高級中學月考）IsHelicopterParentingNecessary?We’veallheardthedangersofhelicopterparenting.Remainingtoo46inakid’slife,especiallythroughoutcollege,canleadtodepression,lackofself-relianceandfeelingsofentitlement.Superficially,thiswisdomissound.Butsomeacademicsandeducatorsnowsaytheyseesignsofatroublingbacklash(反沖).Theconcern:warningsthatmomsanddadsshould47“theoverparentingtrap”—arediscouragingparentsfromgettinginvolvedatall.Yes,parentscanbeintrusive.48,thereareincreasingexamplesofparentsrefusingtostepupwhenstudentsgenuinelyneedtheirfamily.Onemomkept49aboutherson’ssignsofdepressionuntilrightbeforehefailedasemester.Shedidnotwantto“helicopterin.”Thatmeanscolleges,whichhavespentthepastdecadelearningto50parentswhogettooinvolved,nowhaveadifferent51.Butthesolutiontobothisthesame:devisingwaystochannelmomsanddadsintotherightkindof52role.Muchofthisbeganbecauseschoolswereforcedtocopewithagenerationofstudents53withtheirparentslikeneverbefore,thankstosmartphones.Andwith54ineducationsoaring,universityleadershavestartedtoviewparentsasinvestmentpartners.Mostofthemhavepaidforthiseducationfortheirchildrenorgoneintodebtforthiseducation.Andinsomesense,they’reentitledtoknowandbeassuredthatcollegesare55theirchildren’swelfare.Crucially,parent-outreachprogramshavealsoservedasbuffers(緩沖),56students—orworse,theirprofessors—thediscomfortofthenagging.AttheUniversityofMaryland,forexample,theparentofficehashandled57forweeklyacademic-progressreports,whichdonotexistinhighereducation.Parentsjustwanttoknowtheyhaveaplacetogowheresomeonewilllistentotheirconcerns.Butnow,withsomemomsanddadscautiousofevencontactingtheschoolinthefirstplace,thosesameprogramsarebeingusedtoencourageamorebalancedapproach,oftenviablogs,emailandFacebook.Parentsarenowadvisedtobeaguide,whileacknowledgingthatthe58ownsthejourney.Thatmeansaskingquestions,listeningtoanswers,beingpatientandtrustingkidstoresolvetheirownproblems.Butifissues59,orifastudentisinseriousmentalorphysicaldanger,italsomeanshoppinginthechopper,atleastforalittlewhile.“Whenyouthinkaboutit,helicoptersareusefultools,”saysChelseaPetree,whoislaunchingaparent-outreachprogram.“Theycanseethingsweonthe60can’tseeandgettoemergenciesquickerthanwecan.Theycanswoopinwhenneeded.Thekeyisthattheygobackup.”46．A．independent B．involved C．a(chǎn)ttached D．enclosed47．A．set B．sense C．a(chǎn)void D．ensure48．A．Besides B．Similarly C．Actually D．However49．A．a(chǎn)lert B．quiet C．informed D．concerned50．A．copewith B．identifywith C．turndown D．settledown51．A．a(chǎn)ttitude B．problem C．a(chǎn)pproach D．nature52．A．supportive B．informative C．neutral D．superior53．A．communicated B．matched C．obsessed D．connected54．A．complaints B．costs C．demands D．sufferings55．A．takingcareof B．keepingtrackof C．lookingforwardto D．takingpartin56．A．costing B．winning C．granting D．sparing57．A．demands B．passion C．distraction D．priorities58．A．professor B．parent C．student D．college59．A．persist B．exist C．a(chǎn)rise D．decline60．A．surface B．ground C．panel D．craftClose4（2024·上海高三）GrowingAdoptionofGreenCleaningWhenwecleanthebathroom,we’vegotallkindsofstufftohelpusout:acleaningsolutionthatremovesdirtymarksfromtheshowerwallsandsomethinginasqueezebottlethatmakesthetoiletsparklingclean.Whenallisdone,theroomisneatandclean,61dirtandbacteria.There’sjustoneproblem—the62weusedtocleancanbeharmfultopeopleandtheenvironment.Forthisreason,manypeoplesaythattraditionalcleanersshouldbe63andreplacedwithlessharmful“green”products.Theproblem64thefactthatsomecleaningproductscontainharshchemicalsthatjustaren’thealthyforhumans,animals,ortheplanet.Thinkofthe65comingfromafactoryandgettingintotheair.Thesmokecreatesairpollution,whichharmstheenvironmentandmakesusfeelillwhenwebreatheitin.66,thechemicalsincleaningproductspollutetheairandcanhurtuswhenwebreathetheminorwhentheygetonourskin.However,notallcleaningproductsareharmful.Greenproducts,whichdonotcontainharshchemicals,aresaidtobegood67becausetheyareeffectiveatcleaningandaresafeforpeopleandfortheplanet.68aboutchemicalshasledmanystatestorequireschoolsandgovernmentbuildingstouseenvironmentallyfriendlycleaningproductsinsteadofproductscontainingpoisonouschemicals.Lastyear,10statesrequiredtheuseofgreenproductsandatleast5otherstateswereconsidering69insupportoftheseproducts.Aproposedbillwouldapplytobathroomandfloorcleaners,handsoap,toiletpaper,papertowels,andetc.Manygreencleaningproductsarewidelyavailableatprices70traditionalproducts.Insomecases,manufacturersreceivegreencertificationsforproductstheyhavelonghadonthemarket,andthepricesoftheseproductsremainlow.Butnoteveryonesharestheviewaboutthe71ofgreenproducts.Toiletpaper,trashbagsandpapertowelmadefromrecycledmaterialscancostupto20%morethantraditionalproducts,saidStephen,directoroftheGreenCleaningNetwork.So,72oftheproposedlegislationareconcernedaboutthepotentiallyhighercostsforsomegreenproducts.Thesecriticssaythatstatesshouldnotdeterminewhichproducts73institutesandagenciesmustbuy,especiallyiftheyincreasecosts,sincemanyuniversitiesarealreadystrugglingfinancially.Somestateshavemadecompromises(妥協(xié))tohelp74concernsaboutcosts.InWisconsin,arecentadjustmenttothebillwouldgiveschoolsandagenciesthreeyearsinsteadofonetobeginusinggreenproducts.Itwouldalso75themtoquitiftheycouldshowthattheircostswouldincrease.61．A．farfrom B．freeof C．nonebut D．filledwith62．A．brushes B．cloth C．solutions D．paper63．A．recycled B．renewed C．reserved D．rejected64．A．a(chǎn)ccountsfor B．resultsin C．stemsfrom D．turnsout65．A．smoke B．drains C．products D．spray66．A．Nevertheless B．Similarly C．Obviously D．Meanwhile67．A．a(chǎn)lternatives B．maintenance C．production D．resolutions68．A．Complaint B．Concern C．Investigation D．Knowledge69．A．campaign B．debate C．legislation D．vote70．A．higherthan B．cheaperthan C．similarto D．basedon71．A．a(chǎn)ffordability B．a(chǎn)vailability C．feasibility D．practicality72．A．supporters B．directors C．lawyers D．opponents73．A．a(chǎn)cademic B．industrial C．medical D．financial74．A．evaluate B．emphasize C．voice D．a(chǎn)ddress75．A．a(chǎn)dvise B．encourage C．a(chǎn)llow D．sponsor題組一Cloze1 【文章大意】這是一篇爭論文。文章通過講解并描述Kerry從一個吹毛求疵的人變?yōu)橐粋€學會感恩生活的人，告知我們＂要管好你的嘴＂，尋回從前對生活的熱忱。1.B【解析】從下文內(nèi)容可知，本文作者不贊同人們老是挑毛病，所以用great表示當你不忙于挑毛病時生活會很精彩。2.A【解析】receivealetterfromsb.＂收到某人的來信＂。3.C【解析】依據(jù)下文的＂Peoplewerealwaysdoingthingsthatannoyedher＂(人們做的事總是惹她生氣)可知，此處用bother表示＂使(某人)苦惱＂。4.D【解析】依據(jù)and前面的句子可知，此處表示＂沒有一件事情她覺得好＂，所以用nothing。5.B【解析】此處用boring表示＂令人厭煩的＂。6.A【解析】依據(jù)下文可知，這場意外變更了她的看法。attitude＂看法＂。7.D【解析】事故發(fā)生前一天Kerry探望了她的這個摯友并始終挑摯友的毛病。據(jù)此可知，這使得事情幾乎無法應對。8.C【解析】依據(jù)上文的＂ittookahorribleaccident＂可知，此處選C。9.D【解析】Kerry指責她的摯友對男摯友的選擇。choice＂選擇＂。10.C【解析】空處所在的句子是定語從句，variousotherthings是先行詞，關系詞that/which代替先行詞在從句中作賓語，所以用express＂表達＂。11.A【解析】直到她的摯友嚴峻受傷Kerry才意識到她挑毛病的習慣。awareof＂意識到＂；afraidof＂膽怯 ＂；curiousabout＂新奇＂；confusedabout＂感到困惑＂。12.C【解析】judge＂推斷，評價＂。此處judge…h(huán)arshly和上文的＂appreciatelife＂形成對比。13.B【解析】她也能夠把她的新才智轉移到她生活的其他方面。14.C【解析】上下文是轉折關系，所以用but。15.D【解析】becriticalof和findfaultwith是同義短語。16.D【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知，不挑剔并不意味著忽視問題。ignore＂忽視＂。17.B【解析】或者假裝事情比真實狀況要好。18.A【解析】至少大多數(shù)時候是這樣的。atleast＂至少＂。19.B【解析】abigdeal是固定搭配，含義為＂重要的事情＂。20.A【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知，要做到這一點須要的是少量的訓練。practice＂練習，訓練＂。Cloze2 【文章大意】本文通過舉例說明這樣一個道理：各種形式的活動，假如人們常常做，都會產(chǎn)生厭倦心情。1.A【解析】其實，我們可從各年齡段的人們身上看到這個準則是如何起作用的。第一段的第一句出現(xiàn)短語Asageneralrule，本空填principle呼應名詞rule。2.D【解析】各年齡段的人都會產(chǎn)生厭倦心情。從下文可知，孩子厭倦玩具、少年厭倦中學、青年厭倦高校、成年人厭倦開車、老年人厭倦退休后的生活。因此本空填ages。3.C【解析】在圣誕節(jié)早上，孩子們一起先很喜愛玩(playing)他們的新玩具。4.B【解析】但是，不久他們對新玩具的愛好(interest)漸漸消逝了。5.A【解析】到了一月，同樣的(same)玩具再也不能吸引孩子們了，他們就把那些玩具收起來了。6.D【解析】生活中滿是裝滿一半(half-filled)郵票的集郵冊和沒有完工的模型。后文的＂unfinished＂是關鍵信息。7.B【解析】這些東西說明很多人曾經(jīng)喜愛某一件事，結果半途而廢。他們的愛好是短暫的(passing)。故選B。

8.C【解析】當父母帶回家一個寵物時，孩子興奮地(gladly)為它洗澡、刷它的毛。9.B【解析】但是，過不了多久，照看動物的重擔(burden)又被移交給了父母。10.D【解析】青少年帶著極大的興奮之情(excitement)進入中學。11.A【解析】但是，不久他們就盼望著畢業(yè)(graduation)。12.C【解析】前句中的youngadults示意下文談論的是成年人。依據(jù)文意可知，埋怨每天開車上班花費時間長的人，應當是成年人。13.B【解析】而當他們剛剛拿到駕照時，他們翹首企盼(eagerly)一次開好幾個小時。eagerly＂渴望地＂，符合文意。14.B【解析】obtain＂得到＂。這里指考取駕照。15.D【解析】在退休前，人們通常安排(plan)做很多事情。16.A【解析】這些事情是他們上班時沒有時間做的大事(greatthings)。17.A【解析】參見上題解析。他們上班太忙了，沒有時間(time)做這些事情。18.D【解析】但是，退休后不久(soon)，像打高爾夫、釣魚、閱讀及其他全部的消遣方式都變得沒有意思了。19.C【解析】那些消遣方式就像他們剛離開(leave)的工作一樣，特別乏味。20.B【解析】這些退休老人遭受的境況，就像一月的孩子一樣，起先找新玩具(toys)，尋求刺激了。題組二Close1（2024·上海市試驗學校月考）【答案】1．C2．C3．B4．B5．C6．A7．C8．B9．C10．D11．C12．B13．C14．A15．C【解析】這是一篇爭論文。主要講解并描述了新澤西州新頒發(fā)的法案禁止企業(yè)無現(xiàn)金交易，從多角度分析了無現(xiàn)金支付的當下形式，進一步指出了其中的優(yōu)勢和劣勢。1．考查固定搭配。句意：新澤西州的立法者最近提出了一項法案，禁止企業(yè)無現(xiàn)金交易。此舉將使該州與全球電子支付趨勢南轅北轍，但會支持當?shù)毓賳T的抵制，他們認為無現(xiàn)金政策是不公允的。A.setup設置；B.putup張貼；C.backup支持；D.stepup加緊。依據(jù)第三段中“NewYorkCouncilmemberTorressaidonTwitterwhenheintroducedabillthatwouldbanthepractice.”可知此處表示新法案將支持官員對于無現(xiàn)金政策的抵制。故選C項。2．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)覺揭示了美國人的生活越來越不依靠紙幣，這也是瑞典、印度和中國變更的真實寫照。A.deposits存款；B.exchanges交易；C.shifts轉變；D.currencies貨幣。依據(jù)上句“ThefindingsreveallifethatAmericansarebecominglessreliantonpapercurrency”可知美國人對于現(xiàn)金的依靠越來越少，這是一種轉變。故選C項。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是州和地方官員說，餐館和商店采納無現(xiàn)金政策的做法使社區(qū)中的某些成員落在了后面——某些人無法開設銀行賬戶，或者無法運用信貸額度或支持數(shù)