2025年外研版八年級英語寒假復(fù)習(xí) 專題04 數(shù)詞和冠詞

專題04數(shù)詞和冠詞（復(fù)習(xí)八上）考點聚焦：核心考點+小考考點，有的放矢重點專攻：知識點和關(guān)鍵點梳理，查漏補缺難點強化：難點內(nèi)容標注與講解，能力提升學(xué)以致用：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用（重難點）冠詞定冠詞the不定冠詞a,an零冠詞考點一數(shù)詞考點一數(shù)詞數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用.1.表編號.結(jié)構(gòu):名詞(首字母要大寫)+基數(shù)詞=the+序數(shù)詞+名詞LessonOne=thefirstlesson，Page32，BusNo.12 注：有些編號，一般僅用第一種表達法。Room1012.序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the但序數(shù)詞前與不定冠詞a/an連用時,表示“又一,再一”You’vedoneitthreetimes.Whynottryafourthtime?3.基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示年代和年齡1)表示年代:in+the+年份的復(fù)數(shù)在幾世紀幾十年代.如：inthe1870s2)表年齡:inone’s+整十的復(fù)數(shù)表示在某人幾十歲時。有時在物主代詞后面可加上形容詞early或late使其含義更確切些。如：Theyoungmanisatmostinhisearlythirties.4.hundred/thousand/million/billion/dozen1).若hundred/thousand/million/billion前有基數(shù)詞時,其后不加s,也不加of.若沒有時,既加s也要帶of.EveryyearthousandsofvisitorscometoChina.Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool.5.幾個半的表達法:基數(shù)詞+and+ahalf+名詞復(fù)數(shù)=基數(shù)詞+名詞(單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù))+and+ahalftwoandahalfhours=twohoursandahalf6.時刻表達法:1)整點:基數(shù)詞+o’clock2)幾點幾分:A).直接讀法:先讀小時,后讀分鐘3:25threetwenty-fiveB).間接讀法:a)≤30分鐘.分鐘+past+小時3：25twenty-fivepastthreeb)＞30分鐘.(60-分鐘)+to+(小時數(shù)+1)3:55fivetofourc)30分鐘=half15分鐘=aquarter45分鐘=threequarters3:30halfpastthree3:15aquarterpastthree3:45aquartertofour7.表示倍數(shù)1.表示“幾倍大?。ㄩL短；數(shù)量）”，由“倍數(shù)+thesize（length,amount...）”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Theearthisforth-ninetimesthesizeofthemoon.2.表示“……比……大幾倍”，由“倍數(shù)+形容詞（副詞）比較級+than+被比較部分”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.3.表示“……是……倍”，由“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞+as+被比較部分”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Ourfactoryistwiceasbigastheirs.8.分數(shù)的表達法:1).結(jié)構(gòu):a).分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞.b).當分子大于1時,分母加復(fù)數(shù).2).注意:1).分數(shù)詞的幾種特殊形式.1/3—onethird=athird1/4—onefourth=aquarter1/2—onesecond=ahalf3/4—threefourths=threequarters注：分數(shù)、百分數(shù)的考查往往和主謂一致相聯(lián)系。當分數(shù)、百分數(shù)修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當分數(shù)、百分數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?；鶖?shù)詞基數(shù)詞用來表示數(shù)目，或者說表示數(shù)量的詞叫基數(shù)詞。最基本的基數(shù)詞如下表所示。1one 11eleven 100ahundred2two 12twelve 20twenty 1000athousand3three 13thirteen 30thirty 1，000，000amillion4four 14fourteen 40forty 10，000，000tenmillion5five 15fifteen 50fifty 100，000，000ahundredmillion6six 16sixteen 60sixty 1，000，000，000abillion7seven 17seventeen 70seventy8eight 18eighteen 80eighty9nine 19nineteen 90ninety10ten說明：1．13—19是由個位數(shù)加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。注意其中13、15的拼寫是thirteen和fifteen。2．20—90由個位數(shù)加后綴-ty構(gòu)成，注意其中20—50的拼寫分別是twenty,thirty,forty和fifty;80的拼寫是eighty。3．其它非整十的兩位數(shù)21—99是由整十位數(shù)加連字符“-”，再加個位數(shù)構(gòu)成。如：81eighty-one。4．101—999的基數(shù)詞先寫百位數(shù)，后加and再寫十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)。如：691sixhundredandninety-one。5．1000以上的基數(shù)詞先寫千位數(shù)，后寫百位數(shù)，再加and，最后寫十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)。如：5893fivethousandeighthundredandninety-three。在基數(shù)詞中只有表示“百”、“千”的單位詞，沒有單獨表示“萬”、“億”的單位詞，而是用thousand（千）和million（百萬）來表達，其換算關(guān)系為：1萬=10thousand;1億=100million;10億=athousandmillion=abillion。6．多位數(shù)的讀法：1）1000以上的多位數(shù)，要使用計數(shù)間隔或逗號“，”。即從個位起，每隔三位加一個間隔或逗號。第一個間隔或逗號前是thousand（千），第二個間隔或逗號前是million（百萬），第三個間隔或逗號前是athousandmillion或abillion(十億)。2）每隔三位分段以后就都成了101—999。讀的時候十位數(shù)（或個位數(shù)）的前面一般要加and。如：888，000，000讀作：eighthundredandeighty-eightmillion。序數(shù)詞表示順序的詞，叫序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞用來表示數(shù)詞順序。除特殊情況外，序數(shù)詞一般都由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。請見下表：第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上first eleventh twentiethsecond twelfth thirtieththird thirteenth fortiethfourth fourteenth fiftiethfifth fifteenth sixtiethsixth sixteenth seventiethseventh seventeenth eightietheighth eighteenth ninetiethninth nineteenth hundredthtenth thousandth說明：1．英語中表示第一、第二、第三的序數(shù)詞屬特殊形式，要注意它們的拼寫。2．表示“幾十”的序數(shù)詞通常是將基數(shù)詞詞尾y變成i再加上后綴-eth。3．其余的二位數(shù)序數(shù)詞是以相應(yīng)的整十基數(shù)詞加個位序數(shù)詞。如：fifty-first（第五十一）。4．少數(shù)序數(shù)詞拼法不規(guī)則，如：fifth（第五），eighth（第八），ninth（第九），twelfth（第十二）等?；鶖?shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣:基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾要加th.一二三,特殊記,(firstsecondthird)八去t,九去e,ve要用f替.ty變作tie,再加th莫忘記.若遇幾十幾,只變個位就可以.注意：序數(shù)詞可縮寫為阿拉伯數(shù)字加序數(shù)詞最后兩個字母。例如：第一：(the)first=1st 第二：(the)second=2nd第三：(the)third=3rd 第五：(the)fifth=5th第九十七：(the)ninety-seventh=97th第一百零一：(the)onehundred(and)first=101st【考點再現(xiàn)】1．（23-24八年級上·甘肅張掖·期末）—Howmanybirdscanyouseeinthetrees?—Icansee_________birdsinthem.A．hundredsof B．hundredofinthemountainsC．fivehundredsof D．fivehundreds2．（23-24八年級上·西藏林芝·期末）Thisbookcameout________,buttherearestillmanypeopleinterestedinit.A．in1870s B．inthe1870 C．onthe1870s D．inthe1870s3．（23-24八年級上·廣東廣州·期末）Ourschoolhasbuiltanewbuilding.Thereare_________floorsinthisbuildingandmyclassroomison_________floor.A．six;thefifth B．sixth;fifth C．six;fifth D．sixth;thefifth4．（23-24八年級上·湖北·期末）—Mom,canIhavea________cake?—Alisa,youjustatetwocakes!It’senoughforyou!A．first B．second C．third D．fourth5．（22-23八年級上·陜西商洛·期末）About________ofthestudentslikekeepingdiariesinEnglishinmyschool.A．twofifth B．twofifths C．secondfive D．twofive考點二冠詞考點二冠詞冠詞的用法定冠詞用法詳解：?1.?定冠詞the用來特指雙方都清楚的人、事、物。如：?A:?Where’s?Sam？薩姆在哪里？???B：In?the?kitchen.在廚房。（雙方都清楚是指哪個廚房）?2.?指上文已經(jīng)提到過得人、事、物。如：?They?have?two?children:?a?boy?and?a?girl.?The?boy?is?five?and?the?girl?is?two.他們有兩個孩子：一個兒子，一個女兒。兒子五歲，女兒兩歲。?3.?表示獨一無二的事物前。如：the?sun?太陽?the?moon?月亮?the?earth地球?4.?用于方位名詞、某些專有名詞前。如：the?east東方?the?Great?Wall?長城?the?Yangtze?River?長江??the?United?States美國5.?表示演奏樂器的名詞前。如：play?the?piano?彈鋼琴?play?the?violin拉小提琴??6.?姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前加the表示一家人；某些形容詞前加the，表示一類人。如：the?Georges?喬治一家人??the?rich?富人??the?young?年輕人??the?blind?盲人?7.?用在形容詞的最高級前。如：the?largest?country?in?the?world?世界上最大的國家?8.?用于序數(shù)詞前表示順序。如：the?first?term?第一學(xué)期the?second?lesson?第二課the?twenty-first?century?二十一世紀?9.?the+比較級，the+比較級，表示“越來越……”如：?The?more?exercise?you?take,?the?healthier?you?will?be.你鍛煉得越多，身體就越健康。10.用于一些固定搭配，如：inthemorning在早上intheafternoon在下午thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天gotothecinema去看電影inthemiddleof中間lookthesame看上去一樣atthebottomof在的底部atthesametime同時attheageof在-...歲時atthebeginningof.的開始attheendof的末尾allthetime總是,一直getintothehabitof養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣不定冠詞用法詳解：?1.?表示數(shù)量一，但沒有one強烈，如：Hehasgotanapple,apearandabanana.2.表示一類人或物。如：Aplanegoesfasterthanatrain.3.指某人或某物,但不具體說明是何人或何物。如：Aboyiswaitingforabusatthebusstop.4.用于第一次提到的人或物。如：Isawabirdinthetree.5.用于時間等詞前,表示"每一"的意思。如：Onceayear,twiceaweek,fiftykilometersanhour.6.用于序數(shù)詞前,表示"又一,再一"的意思。如：Youcanasneritasecondtime.你可以再回答一次。You’llhavetodoitathirdtime.你得再做一次7.用于一些固定搭配。如:alite/abit一點apieceof一張/片agood/greatmany許多anumberof一些,許多haveacold感冒haveameeting開會havearest休息havealookat看一看makeamistake犯錯誤makeaface做鬼臉halfanhour半小時asaresult(作為)結(jié)果inaword總之inahurry匆忙,很快地givemeahand幫助我onceuponatime從前【易錯警示】1.有些單詞雖然是以元音字母開頭，但是卻不發(fā)元音，因此其前用不定冠詞a，如：university，European，one-way等。2.有些單詞雖然是以輔音字母開頭，但是卻發(fā)元音，因此其前用不定冠詞an，如：hour，honest，honor等。零冠詞用法詳解：1.在專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。I’mgoingtoEnglandnextweekforaholiday.下周我將要去英國度假。2.可數(shù)名詞前已有作定語的物主代詞my,your,his,her等;指示代詞this/these,that/those;不定代詞some,any等及所有格限制時。Theletterisinherpocket.信在她的衣袋里。3.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時。Myfatherandmotherareteachers.我的父親和母親是教師。4.在星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日前。ThebesttimetocometoChinaisinspringorautumn.到中國來的最好時間是春季或秋季。TodayisThursday,September10th,Teachers’Day.今天是九月十日，星期四，教師節(jié)。易錯警示：如果月份、季節(jié)等被一個限定性定語修飾，則要加定冠詞。HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季參軍。5.在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前。HappyTeachers’Day,MissZhao!Hereitis,Mom!6.在學(xué)科名稱、三餐飯和球類運動名稱前。IthinkChineseismorepopularthananyothersubject.我認為漢語比其它學(xué)科更普及。Canyouplaybasketball?你會打籃球嗎?Wearegoingtoplayfootball.我們?nèi)ヌ咦闱?。havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner吃早飯/午飯/晚飯易錯警示：Icanseeafootball.(指足球，并非“球類運動”)havealightbreakfast,eatabigdinner7.某些固定詞組中不用冠詞。①與by連用的交通工具名稱前bybus,bycar,bybike,bytrain,byair/plane,bysea/ship②名詞詞組dayandnight,brotherandsister,hourafterhour,hereandthere③介詞詞組athome在家insurprise驚奇地atnoon在中午onfoot步行atnight在晚上onduty值日atwork在工作ontime準時forexample例如onbusiness經(jīng)商inschool在上學(xué)onholiday在度假inclass在上課onshow展覽inhospital在住院ontopof在……頂部【易錯警示】有些短語使用冠詞和不使用冠詞時其含義是不同的:onearth究竟ontheearth在地球上gotoschool上學(xué)gototheschool去學(xué)校gotobed上床睡覺gotothebed走到床上inclass在課堂上intheclass在班里inhospital住院inthehospital在醫(yī)院里attable在吃飯atthetable在桌子旁【考點再現(xiàn)】6．（23-24八年級上·福建三明·期末）Englishis________usefullanguageintheworld,andmanychildrenbegintolearnitatayoungage.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the7．（23-24八年級上·山東濱州·期末）TravelingwithBooksis________educationalprogram.________problemhelpsstudentslearnaboutstoriesbehindthetextbooks.A．a(chǎn);An B．a(chǎn)n;The C．the;An D．the;The8．（23-24八年級上·福建福州·期末）—Canyoutellmesomethingabout________TVplayIntheNameofPeople?—Oh,it’s________wonderfulplay.It’soneof________bestTVplays.A．a(chǎn);a;the B．the;the;the C．the;a;the9．（23-24八年級上·西藏林芝·期末）After________dinner,hestayedathomeandplayed________violin.A．the;a B．/;the C．the;/ D．a(chǎn);the10．（22-23八年級上·山東菏澤·期末）Ifyoudon’twanttotake________bustothetrainstation,youcangothereby________taxi.A．不填；a B．a(chǎn);a C．不填；不填 D．a(chǎn);不填11．（23-24八年級上·西藏林芝·期末）Thereare________ofstudentsinourschoolbutonly________aregirls.A．hundreds;twohundred B．twohundred;hundredsC．hundred;hundredsof D．hundreds;twohundreds12．（22-23八年級上·甘肅白銀·期末）—Therearesixtystudentsinourclassandtwothirdsofthemlikescience.—Oh,________ofthemlikescience.That’sgreat.A．twenty B．thirty C．forty D．fifty13．（22-23八年級上·甘肅白銀·期末）Thousandsofyoungpeoplewenttothecountrysidetoworkwiththefarmers________.A．inthe1970 B．in1970s C．inthe1970s’ D．inthe1970s14．（23-24八年級上·廣東廣州·期末）Mygrandpaisnearly________yearsold.Wewillcelebratehis________birthdaynextmonth.A．seventy;seventy B．seventy;seventiethC．seventieth;seventy D．seventieth;seventieth15．（23-24八年級上·天津濱海新·期末）Theflathas________floorsandMr.Blacklivesonthe________floorwithhisfamily.A．twelve;twelve B．twelve;twelfth C．twelfth;twelfth D．twelfth;twelve16．（23-24八年級上·天津西青·期末）—Atthebeginningof________century,therewerenotsomanycarsinthestreet.—Yes.Butnowtherearemanycarsinthestreet.A．twenty B．twentieth C．thetwenty D．thetwentieth17．（18-19八年級上·廣東惠州·期末）Mylittlebrotherwasbornin______Hewillcelebratehis______birthdaynextweek.A．1990:eighteen B．1990s,eighteenthC．the1990s:eighteen D．the1990s:eighteenth18．（24-25八年級上·江蘇揚州·期中）Eddieis________butweonlyhaveseensevencandles.Soweneed________candle.A．eightyearsold;onlyone B．eightyearsold;anotheroneC．eight-year-old;anotherone D．eight-year-old;moreone19．（24-25八年級上·廣東深圳·期中）________,Mr.SmithcametoChina.Hewas________then,Iremember.A．In1990s,inthethirties B．Onthe1990s,inthethirtyC．Inthe1990s,inhisthirties D．On1990s,inhisthirties20．（22-23八年級下·江蘇南京·期中）Ittakesabout________tofromNanjingtoJinanbyhigh-speedrail.A．twohoursandahalf B．twohoursandhalfC．twoandahalfhour D．twoandhalfanhour21．（21-22八年級上·上海虹口·期中）Therewere________rulestofollowataformalmeallastnight.A．dozen B．halfadozen C．dozenof D．twodozens22．（23-24八年級上·江西南昌·期末）Three________studentsinourschoolwatchedthefootballmatch,thatistosay,80________ofthestudentswatchedit.A．hundreds;percent B．hundred;percentC．hundred;percents D．hundreds;percents23．（24-25八年級上·廣東深圳·期中）________childrenhadagoodfestivalonthe________Children’sDay.A．Millionsof,sixty B．Tenmillion;sixtyC．Millionsof;sixtieth D．Tenmillions;sixtieth24．（24-25八年級上·廣東深圳·期中）Almost________ofthestudentsinourschool________boys.A．threequarter,are B．threequarters,are C．threequarters,is D．thirdquarter,is25．（24-25八年級上·廣東廣州·期中）Inourclass,________ofthestudents________boys.A．threefifth;are B．threefifths;are C．threefifths;is D．threefifth;is26．（24-25八年級上·廣東深圳·期中）________oftheteachersintheschoolis300.________ofthemarewomenteachers.A．Thenumber,Firstfourth B．Thenumber;OnefourthC．Anumber,Onesecond D．Anumber;Threequarters27．（23-24八年級上·四川涼山·期末）I’mgoingtobe_________engineerwhenI_________.A．a(chǎn);growup B．a(chǎn)n;growup C．a(chǎn);grewup D．a(chǎn)n;grewup28．（23-24八年級上·江蘇南京·期末）Chinacovers______areaofabout9,600,000squarekilometers.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/29．（23-24八年級上·山東日照·期末）—Howwas________GoodEatingPartylastweek?—Ithinkitwas________excitingone.A．a(chǎn)n;an B．/;a C．the;an D．the;the30．（23-24八年級上·山東青島·期末）Mybrotheris________universitystudent,andheiswriting________articleoneducationthesedays.A．a(chǎn);a B．a(chǎn);an C．a(chǎn)n;an D．a(chǎn)n;the31．（24-25八年級上·四川攀枝花·期中）—Ourclasswonthefirstprizeinthebasketballgame.—What________excitingnews!A．/ B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．a(chǎn)32．（23-24八年級上·福建廈門·期末）Remembertotake________umbrellawithyou.It’sgoingtorain.A．the B．a(chǎn)n C．a(chǎn)33．（24-25八年級上·四川遂寧·期中）—Jack’ssisteris________outgoinggirl.—Yes,sheisalso________mosttalentedoneinherclass.A．a(chǎn);the B．a(chǎn)n;the C．the;the D．a(chǎn)n;a34．（24-25八年級上·四川自貢·期中）Take________umbrellawithyou.It’s________usefultoolonrainydays.A．a(chǎn)n;a B．a(chǎn);the C．a(chǎn)n;the35．（24-25八年級上·四川成都·期中）Thankyousomuchfortellingmesuch________usefulinformation.A．/ B．a(chǎn) C．a(chǎn)n36．（24-25八年級上·江蘇揚州·期中）—Wherewasthe19thAsianGamesheld?—Hangzhou.Itis________thirdChinesecitytohost________AsianGames.A．a(chǎn);/ B．the;/ C．a(chǎn);the D．the;the37．（24-25八年級上·江蘇宿遷·期中）_________greatprogressTomhasmadeinEnglish!Anditwas_________greatsuccess.A．Whata;/ B．What;a C．How;a D．What;/38．（24-25八年級上·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期中）—WhatdidyouseeinThailandlastyear?—Imet________one-eyeelephantinthewild.A．a(chǎn)n B．a(chǎn) C．the D．/39．（24-25八年級上·江蘇常州·期中）—Wow!Itis________bestfilmIhaveeverseen.—Ican’tagreemore.Ihaveneverseen________betteronebefore.A．a(chǎn);a B．a(chǎn);the C．the;a D．/;a40．（23-24八年級上·河北承德·期末）—Kate,areyou_________onlychildinyourfamily?—Yes,but_________newbabyisontheway.A．a(chǎn)n;the B．a(chǎn)n;a C．the;a D．the;the真題感知41．（2024·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Howlongisthebridge?—About________long.A．twothousandmetre B．twothousandmetresC．twothousandsmetre D．twothousandsmetres42．（2024·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）—________ofthestudentsinourclasshavepassedtheexam.—Oh,thatmeans20%ofthemshouldworkharder.A．Onefifth B．Fourfive C．Fourfifths D．Onefive43．（2024·西藏·中考真題）________ofthestudentsareintheartclub.A．Twothird B．Twothirds C．Thirdtwo D．Thirdstwo44．（2024·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）Thereare________solarterms(節(jié)氣)inayear.Lichunisthefirstone.A．twenty-four B．twenty-fourth C．thetwenty-fourth45．（2024·山東東營·中考真題）Iam_____childinmyfamily.Ihaveanelderbrotherandayoungersister.A．one B．thefirst C．thesecond D．thethird46．（2024·黑龍江·中考真題）Two________dollarsisenoughtobuythebike,butIcan’tafford________it.A．hundreds,tobuy B．hundreds,buy C．hundred,tobuy47．（2024·甘肅白銀·中考真題）Juneisthe________monthofayear.A．fifth B．sixth C．seventh D．eighth48．（2024·四川達州·中考真題）—WhyisJennysohappy?—Becausetodayisher________weddinganniversary.A．fifth B．thefifth C．five49．（2024·四川自貢·中考真題）—Thereisgoingtobethe________ArtFestivalnextweek.—Great.Wecanenjoysomebeautifulpaintingsagain.A．two B．first C．second50．（2024·西藏·中考真題）ZhanTianyouis________engineerandheiscalledthe“FatherofChina’sRailroad”.A．/ B．a(chǎn) C．a(chǎn)n D．the51．（2024·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）Iwanttobe_______scientistlikeQianXuesenwhenIgrowup.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/52．（2024·山東菏澤·中考真題）—What________interestingbook!—Yes,________bookisreallyamazing.A．a(chǎn);an B．a(chǎn)n;the C．a(chǎn)n;a53．（2024·吉林·中考真題）Thereis_________rivernearourschool.Weneverthrowrubbishintoit.A．the B．a(chǎn) C．/54．（2024·黑龍江·中考真題）—Shenzhou-18withthreeastronautswassentuponApril25th,2024.It’ssuch________excitingevent.—Yes.Andtheastronautsareourheroes.Iwanttobe________usefulpersonlikethem.A．a(chǎn),an B．a(chǎn)n,a C．a(chǎn),the55．（2024·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）Beijing,________capitalofChina,is________citywithalonghistory.A．/;the B．a(chǎn);the C．the;a56．（2024·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·中考真題）It’sreportedthatit’llberainytoday.Remembertotake________umbrellawithyou,Cindy.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the57．（2024·甘肅臨夏·中考真題）Lindaoftenplays________pianoafterschool.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/58．（2024·天津·中考真題）Mygrandmahasgot________garden.And________flowersinitarebeautiful.A．a(chǎn);the B．a(chǎn)n;the C．不填;不填 D．a(chǎn)n;不填59．（2024·山東濱州·中考真題）—Thefinalexamiscoming.Howisitgoing?—Notbad,thanks.Ijusttreatitas_________usualone.IthinkIcanmakeit.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/60．（2024·甘肅白銀·中考真題）Iboughtanewcomputerlastweekend.________computerismadeinChina.A．A B．An C．The D．/提升專練61．（23-24八年級下·安徽安慶·期末）—WhatdoyouthinkofShanghaiDisneyland?—It’sanamazingamusementparkandeveryday_______touristsvisitit.A．thousand B．thousandsof C．tenthousandof D．tenthousandsof62．（23-24八年級下·河北張家口·期末）About________ofthestudentsinthatvillagegoonaropewaytocrosstherivertoschool.A．twofifth B．twofifths C．secondfive D．secondfives63．（23-24八年級下·甘肅酒泉·期末）Therearesixtystudentsinmyclass.________ofthem________girls.A．Twothird;is B．Twothirds:is C．Twothirds;are D．Twothird;are64．（23-24八年級下·黑龍江佳木斯·期末）Ninety________teachesand________studentsplanttreeseveryyear.A．thousand,millionsof B．thousands,millionof C．thousandsof,million65．（23-24八年級下·廣西欽州·期末）Weweresurehecoulddobetter,butheonlyfinished________inthecompetition.A．five B．fifth C．thefifth66．（23-24八年級下·甘肅定西·期末）—Whatistenandfifty?—Itis________.A．sixty B．seventy C．eighty D．ninety67．（23-24八年級下·河北張家口·期末）About________ofmyclassmateswearglassesinourclass.A．threefourth B．thirdfourth C．threefourths D．threefour68．（23-24八年級下·湖北·期末）—GulangyuIslandisabeautifulplace.Whynotstayherefor________twodays?—Goodidea.A．other B．others C．more D．a(chǎn)nother69．（23-24八年級下·江蘇徐州·期末）Itriedmybestandfinished________inthehigh-jump.Look!Thisismysilvermedal.A．first B．second C．third D．fourth70．（22-23八年級下·湖北黃岡·期末）—Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?—Fifty-six.However,_________ofthemareboys.A．threefourth B．thirdfourth C．thirdfourths D．threequarters71．（22-23八年級下·上?！て谀_____girlstandingnexttotheheadmasteris______universitystudentfromAmerica.A．A;the B．The;a C．A;an D．The;an72．（22-23八年級下·江蘇鹽城·期末）What________greattimetomakeasnowman!Everythingiscoveredindeepwhitesnow.A．/ B．a(chǎn) C．a(chǎn)n D．the73．（23-24八年級下·云南大理·期末）What________enjoyablevacationitwas!Wehad________goodtime.A．the;a B．a(chǎn)n;a C．a(chǎn);a D．a(chǎn);the74．（23-24八年級下·云南德宏·期末）InChina,weusuallyenjoy________moonontheMid-autumnFestival.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/75．（22-23八年級下·江蘇淮安·期末）Withabiglake,asmallhillandmanygreenlawns,BochishanParkisagoodplacetorelaxafter________hardday’swork.A．the B．a(chǎn)n C．a(chǎn) D．/76．（23-24八年級下·甘肅隴南·期末）—DoyouknowthattheUKisaEuropeancountry?—Sure,anditisalso________islandcountry.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/77．（23-24八年級下·云南昆明·期末）Heissuch__________understandingboysoallhisfriendslikehim.A．a(chǎn)n B．a(chǎn) C．the D．/78．（23-24八年級下·廣西河池·期末）—Youdon’tlookwell.What’s________matterwithyou?—Ihave________terriblesoreback.A．/;a B．the;a C．the;/79．（23-24八年級下·江蘇泰州·期末）ZhangDingyu,________headofJinyintanHospital,haswon________highpraisefromthewholecountry.A．the;a B．/;/ C．the;/ D．/;a80．（23-24八年級下·云南昆明·期末）—What’s________wrong?—Ifeelsickandhave________headachenow.A．the;a B．a(chǎn);the C．\;the D．\;a

專題04數(shù)詞和冠詞（復(fù)習(xí)八上）考點聚焦：核心考點+小考考點，有的放矢重點專攻：知識點和關(guān)鍵點梳理，查漏補缺難點強化：難點內(nèi)容標注與講解，能力提升學(xué)以致用：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用（重難點）冠詞定冠詞the不定冠詞a,an零冠詞考點一數(shù)詞考點一數(shù)詞數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用.1.表編號.結(jié)構(gòu):名詞(首字母要大寫)+基數(shù)詞=the+序數(shù)詞+名詞LessonOne=thefirstlesson，Page32，BusNo.12 注：有些編號，一般僅用第一種表達法。Room1012.序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the但序數(shù)詞前與不定冠詞a/an連用時,表示“又一,再一”You’vedoneitthreetimes.Whynottryafourthtime?3.基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示年代和年齡1)表示年代:in+the+年份的復(fù)數(shù)在幾世紀幾十年代.如：inthe1870s2)表年齡:inone’s+整十的復(fù)數(shù)表示在某人幾十歲時。有時在物主代詞后面可加上形容詞early或late使其含義更確切些。如：Theyoungmanisatmostinhisearlythirties.4.hundred/thousand/million/billion/dozen1).若hundred/thousand/million/billion前有基數(shù)詞時,其后不加s,也不加of.若沒有時,既加s也要帶of.EveryyearthousandsofvisitorscometoChina.Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool.5.幾個半的表達法:基數(shù)詞+and+ahalf+名詞復(fù)數(shù)=基數(shù)詞+名詞(單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù))+and+ahalftwoandahalfhours=twohoursandahalf6.時刻表達法:1)整點:基數(shù)詞+o’clock2)幾點幾分:A).直接讀法:先讀小時,后讀分鐘3:25threetwenty-fiveB).間接讀法:a)≤30分鐘.分鐘+past+小時3：25twenty-fivepastthreeb)＞30分鐘.(60-分鐘)+to+(小時數(shù)+1)3:55fivetofourc)30分鐘=half15分鐘=aquarter45分鐘=threequarters3:30halfpastthree3:15aquarterpastthree3:45aquartertofour7.表示倍數(shù)1.表示“幾倍大小（長短；數(shù)量）”，由“倍數(shù)+thesize（length,amount...）”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Theearthisforth-ninetimesthesizeofthemoon.2.表示“……比……大幾倍”，由“倍數(shù)+形容詞（副詞）比較級+than+被比較部分”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.3.表示“……是……倍”，由“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞+as+被比較部分”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Ourfactoryistwiceasbigastheirs.8.分數(shù)的表達法:1).結(jié)構(gòu):a).分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞.b).當分子大于1時,分母加復(fù)數(shù).2).注意:1).分數(shù)詞的幾種特殊形式.1/3—onethird=athird1/4—onefourth=aquarter1/2—onesecond=ahalf3/4—threefourths=threequarters注：分數(shù)、百分數(shù)的考查往往和主謂一致相聯(lián)系。當分數(shù)、百分數(shù)修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當分數(shù)、百分數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?；鶖?shù)詞基數(shù)詞用來表示數(shù)目，或者說表示數(shù)量的詞叫基數(shù)詞。最基本的基數(shù)詞如下表所示。1one 11eleven 100ahundred2two 12twelve 20twenty 1000athousand3three 13thirteen 30thirty 1，000，000amillion4four 14fourteen 40forty 10，000，000tenmillion5five 15fifteen 50fifty 100，000，000ahundredmillion6six 16sixteen 60sixty 1，000，000，000abillion7seven 17seventeen 70seventy8eight 18eighteen 80eighty9nine 19nineteen 90ninety10ten說明：1．13—19是由個位數(shù)加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。注意其中13、15的拼寫是thirteen和fifteen。2．20—90由個位數(shù)加后綴-ty構(gòu)成，注意其中20—50的拼寫分別是twenty,thirty,forty和fifty;80的拼寫是eighty。3．其它非整十的兩位數(shù)21—99是由整十位數(shù)加連字符“-”，再加個位數(shù)構(gòu)成。如：81eighty-one。4．101—999的基數(shù)詞先寫百位數(shù)，后加and再寫十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)。如：691sixhundredandninety-one。5．1000以上的基數(shù)詞先寫千位數(shù)，后寫百位數(shù)，再加and，最后寫十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)。如：5893fivethousandeighthundredandninety-three。在基數(shù)詞中只有表示“百”、“千”的單位詞，沒有單獨表示“萬”、“億”的單位詞，而是用thousand（千）和million（百萬）來表達，其換算關(guān)系為：1萬=10thousand;1億=100million;10億=athousandmillion=abillion。6．多位數(shù)的讀法：1）1000以上的多位數(shù)，要使用計數(shù)間隔或逗號“，”。即從個位起，每隔三位加一個間隔或逗號。第一個間隔或逗號前是thousand（千），第二個間隔或逗號前是million（百萬），第三個間隔或逗號前是athousandmillion或abillion(十億)。2）每隔三位分段以后就都成了101—999。讀的時候十位數(shù)（或個位數(shù)）的前面一般要加and。如：888，000，000讀作：eighthundredandeighty-eightmillion。序數(shù)詞表示順序的詞，叫序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞用來表示數(shù)詞順序。除特殊情況外，序數(shù)詞一般都由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。請見下表：第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上first eleventh twentiethsecond twelfth thirtieththird thirteenth fortiethfourth fourteenth fiftiethfifth fifteenth sixtiethsixth sixteenth seventiethseventh seventeenth eightietheighth eighteenth ninetiethninth nineteenth hundredthtenth thousandth說明：1．英語中表示第一、第二、第三的序數(shù)詞屬特殊形式，要注意它們的拼寫。2．表示“幾十”的序數(shù)詞通常是將基數(shù)詞詞尾y變成i再加上后綴-eth。3．其余的二位數(shù)序數(shù)詞是以相應(yīng)的整十基數(shù)詞加個位序數(shù)詞。如：fifty-first（第五十一）。4．少數(shù)序數(shù)詞拼法不規(guī)則，如：fifth（第五），eighth（第八），ninth（第九），twelfth（第十二）等。基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣:基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾要加th.一二三,特殊記,(firstsecondthird)八去t,九去e,ve要用f替.ty變作tie,再加th莫忘記.若遇幾十幾,只變個位就可以.注意：序數(shù)詞可縮寫為阿拉伯數(shù)字加序數(shù)詞最后兩個字母。例如：第一：(the)first=1st 第二：(the)second=2nd第三：(the)third=3rd 第五：(the)fifth=5th第九十七：(the)ninety-seventh=97th第一百零一：(the)onehundred(and)first=101st【考點再現(xiàn)】1．（23-24八年級上·甘肅張掖·期末）—Howmanybirdscanyouseeinthetrees?—Icansee_________birdsinthem.A．hundredsof B．hundredofinthemountainsC．fivehundredsof D．fivehundreds【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你在樹上能看見多少只鳥？——我能看到幾百只鳥。考查數(shù)詞。hundred“百”，前有基數(shù)詞時，用原形；前無基數(shù)詞時，用hundredsof表示“數(shù)以百計的”。四個選項中只有A項表達正確。故選A。2．（23-24八年級上·西藏林芝·期末）Thisbookcameout________,buttherearestillmanypeopleinterestedinit.A．in1870s B．inthe1870 C．onthe1870s D．inthe1870s【答案】D【詳解】句意：這本書在19世紀70年代出版，但仍有許多人對此感興趣?？疾槟甏磉_。根據(jù)“Thisbookcameout”可知，此處指的是“19世紀70年代”，選項中只有“inthe1870s”是正確表達，故選D。3．（23-24八年級上·廣東廣州·期末）Ourschoolhasbuiltanewbuilding.Thereare_________floorsinthisbuildingandmyclassroomison_________floor.A．six;thefifth B．sixth;fifth C．six;fifth D．sixth;thefifth【答案】A【詳解】句意：我們學(xué)校建了一座新樓。這座大樓有六層，我的教室在第五層。考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞。six六，基數(shù)詞；sixth第六，序數(shù)詞；fifth第五，序數(shù)詞。第一個空后是floors是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示數(shù)量，用基數(shù)詞；第二空后的floor是單數(shù)，要用序數(shù)詞表示順序，前面要加定冠詞the。故選A。4．（23-24八年級上·湖北·期末）—Mom,canIhavea________cake?—Alisa,youjustatetwocakes!It’senoughforyou!A．first B．second C．third D．fourth【答案】C【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我能再吃一塊蛋糕嗎？——艾麗莎，你剛吃了兩塊蛋糕了！這對你來說已經(jīng)足夠了!考查數(shù)詞。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根據(jù)“Alisa,youjustatetwocakes”可知，此處是說可以吃第三蛋糕嗎，故選C。5．（22-23八年級上·陜西商洛·期末）About________ofthestudentslikekeepingdiariesinEnglishinmyschool.A．twofifth B．twofifths C．secondfive D．twofive【答案】B【詳解】句意：在我的學(xué)校里，大約五分之二的學(xué)生喜歡用英語寫日記。考查分數(shù)的表達。分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。結(jié)合選項可知，選項B表達正確。故選B?？键c二冠詞考點二冠詞冠詞的用法定冠詞用法詳解：?1.?定冠詞the用來特指雙方都清楚的人、事、物。如：?A:?Where’s?Sam？薩姆在哪里？???B：In?the?kitchen.在廚房。（雙方都清楚是指哪個廚房）?2.?指上文已經(jīng)提到過得人、事、物。如：?They?have?two?children:?a?boy?and?a?girl.?The?boy?is?five?and?the?girl?is?two.他們有兩個孩子：一個兒子，一個女兒。兒子五歲，女兒兩歲。?3.?表示獨一無二的事物前。如：the?sun?太陽?the?moon?月亮?the?earth地球?4.?用于方位名詞、某些專有名詞前。如：the?east東方?the?Great?Wall?長城?the?Yangtze?River?長江??the?United?States美國5.?表示演奏樂器的名詞前。如：play?the?piano?彈鋼琴?play?the?violin拉小提琴??6.?姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前加the表示一家人；某些形容詞前加the，表示一類人。如：the?Georges?喬治一家人??the?rich?富人??the?young?年輕人??the?blind?盲人?7.?用在形容詞的最高級前。如：the?largest?country?in?the?world?世界上最大的國家?8.?用于序數(shù)詞前表示順序。如：the?first?term?第一學(xué)期the?second?lesson?第二課the?twenty-first?century?二十一世紀?9.?the+比較級，the+比較級，表示“越來越……”如：?The?more?exercise?you?take,?the?healthier?you?will?be.你鍛煉得越多，身體就越健康。10.用于一些固定搭配，如：inthemorning在早上intheafternoon在下午thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天gotothecinema去看電影inthemiddleof中間lookthesame看上去一樣atthebottomof在的底部atthesametime同時attheageof在-...歲時atthebeginningof.的開始attheendof的末尾allthetime總是,一直getintothehabitof養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣不定冠詞用法詳解：?1.?表示數(shù)量一，但沒有one強烈，如：Hehasgotanapple,apearandabanana.2.表示一類人或物。如：Aplanegoesfasterthanatrain.3.指某人或某物,但不具體說明是何人或何物。如：Aboyiswaitingforabusatthebusstop.4.用于第一次提到的人或物。如：Isawabirdinthetree.5.用于時間等詞前,表示"每一"的意思。如：Onceayear,twiceaweek,fiftykilometersanhour.6.用于序數(shù)詞前,表示"又一,再一"的意思。如：Youcanasneritasecondtime.你可以再回答一次。You’llhavetodoitathirdtime.你得再做一次7.用于一些固定搭配。如:alite/abit一點apieceof一張/片agood/greatmany許多anumberof一些,許多haveacold感冒haveameeting開會havearest休息havealookat看一看makeamistake犯錯誤makeaface做鬼臉halfanhour半小時asaresult(作為)結(jié)果inaword總之inahurry匆忙,很快地givemeahand幫助我onceuponatime從前【易錯警示】1.有些單詞雖然是以元音字母開頭，但是卻不發(fā)元音，因此其前用不定冠詞a，如：university，European，one-way等。2.有些單詞雖然是以輔音字母開頭，但是卻發(fā)元音，因此其前用不定冠詞an，如：hour，honest，honor等。零冠詞用法詳解：1.在專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。I’mgoingtoEnglandnextweekforaholiday.下周我將要去英國度假。2.可數(shù)名詞前已有作定語的物主代詞my,your,his,her等;指示代詞this/these,that/those;不定代詞some,any等及所有格限制時。Theletterisinherpocket.信在她的衣袋里。3.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時。Myfatherandmotherareteachers.我的父親和母親是教師。4.在星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日前。ThebesttimetocometoChinaisinspringorautumn.到中國來的最好時間是春季或秋季。TodayisThursday,September10th,Teachers’Day.今天是九月十日，星期四，教師節(jié)。易錯警示：如果月份、季節(jié)等被一個限定性定語修飾，則要加定冠詞。HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季參軍。5.在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前。HappyTeachers’Day,MissZhao!Hereitis,Mom!6.在學(xué)科名稱、三餐飯和球類運動名稱前。IthinkChineseismore