【八下英語(yǔ)北師大版】Unit 3 知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講

Unit3FestivalsandHolidays知識(shí)精講一、必背詞匯thanksgiving

n.

感恩節(jié)dragon

n.

龍firework

n.

煙花，煙火eve

n.

前夜decoration

n.

裝飾品luck

n.

運(yùn)氣tofu

n.

豆腐fry

v.

油炸peace

n.

和平fact

n.

事實(shí)；現(xiàn)實(shí)wish

v.

祝愿；希望

n.

愿望midnight

n.

午夜，子夜million

num.一百萬(wàn)bright

adj.

明亮的；聰明的cheer

v.

歡呼，喝彩picnic

n.

野餐bean

n.

豆biscuit

n.

餅干corn

n.

玉米；谷物fork

n.

餐叉knife

n.

刀plate

n.

盤子，碟子sausage

n.

香腸，臘腸spoon

n.

勺，匙strawberry

n.

草莓remind

v.

提醒，使想起uniform

n.

制服，校服gate

n.

大門deadline

n.

最后期限，截止日期turkey

n.火雞；火雞肉pumpkin

n.

南瓜pie

n.

餡餅；派nearly

adv.

幾乎，差不多expect

v.

期待；預(yù)料oven

n.

烤箱，烤爐heat

v.

加熱，變熱

n.

熱voice

n.說話聲，嗓音failure

n.

失敗worried

adj.

擔(dān)憂的pizza

n.

比薩餅nothing

pron.

沒有什么，沒有一件東西awful

adj.

很壞的，極討厭的forward

adv.

向前sweet

adj.

甜的；惹人喜愛的

n.糖果salty

adj.

咸的，含鹽的prefer

v.

更喜歡beat

v.

擊打；擊敗；心臟跳動(dòng)n.（心臟的）跳動(dòng)；擊鼓聲enjoyable

adj.

令人愉快的lantern

n.

燈籠riddle

n.

謎，謎語(yǔ)mooncake

n.

月餅starfruit

n.

楊桃二、重點(diǎn)詞匯1.expect

verb/?k?spekt/1).tothinkorbelievesomethingwillhappen,orsomeonewillarrive預(yù)料，預(yù)計(jì)；期待例句：Weareexpectingalotofapplicantsforthejob.我們預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有很多人來應(yīng)聘這份工作。Iexpect(that)you’llfinditsomewhereinyourbedroom.我想你會(huì)在你臥室里找到它。2).tothinkthatsomeoneshouldbehaveinaparticularwayordoaparticularthing要求；期望例句：Iexpectpunctualityfrommystudents.我要求我的學(xué)生守時(shí)。Borrowersareexpectedtoreturnbooksontime.借閱者應(yīng)該按時(shí)歸還圖書。3).tobepregnant

懷孕；有孕在身例句：Sheshouldn’tbeliftingthoseboxesifshe’sexpecting.如果有孕在身，她就不該搬這些箱子。KateandDomareexpectingababy.凱特和多姆就要有孩子了。2.remind

verb/r??ma?nd/tomakesomeonethinkofsomethingtheyhaveforgottenormighthaveforgotten使記起；使想起；提醒例句：CouldyouremindPaulaboutdinneronSaturday?你能否提醒一下保羅周六晚宴的事？Pleaseremindmetopostthisletter.請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐壹倪@封信。3.prefer

verb/pr??f??r/tolike,choose,orwantonethingratherthananother寧可，更喜愛；覺得還是…更可取例句：Doyoupreferhotorcoldweather?你喜歡熱天還是冷天？Ipreferredwinetowhite.比起白葡萄酒，我更喜歡紅葡萄酒。4.cheer

verb&noun./t???r/1).v.togivealoudshoutofapprovalorencouragement歡呼；喝彩；鼓舞，振奮例句：Everyonecheeredasthewinnersreceivedtheirmedals.當(dāng)優(yōu)勝者接受獎(jiǎng)牌時(shí)，大家都?xì)g呼起來。Hewascheeringfortheotherside.他正為另一方喝彩。2).n.aloudshoutofapprovalorencouragement歡呼聲；喝彩聲例句：Herspeechwasreceivedwithcheersandastandingovation.她的演講受到了熱烈歡呼和起立鼓掌。Hisvictoryinthe400metresearnedhimthebiggestcheeroftheafternoon.他在400米賽跑中獲勝，贏得了下午最熱烈的歡呼。5.beat

verb&noun/bi?t/1).v.todefeatordobetterthan

打敗，戰(zhàn)勝例句：Simonalwaysbeatsmeattennis.西蒙打網(wǎng)球總是贏我。HollandbeatBelgium(by)3–1.荷蘭隊(duì)3比1戰(zhàn)勝比利時(shí)隊(duì)。2).v.tohitrepeatedly

（接連地）打，擊例句：Theysawhimbeatinghisdogwithastick.他們看見他用棍子打他的狗。Beatthedrum.打起鼓來。3).v.to(causeto)makearegularmovementorsound

（使）跳動(dòng)；使拍打；敲打例句：Thedoctorcouldfeelnopulsebeating.醫(yī)生感覺不到脈搏的跳動(dòng)。Thehummingbirdbeatsitswingsatgreatspeed.蜂鳥高速振動(dòng)翅膀。4).n.aregularmovementorsound,especiallythatmadebyyourheart（尤指心臟）連續(xù)的跳動(dòng)（聲）例句：IputmyheadonhischestbutIcouldfeelnoheartbeat.我把頭貼近他的胸口，但感覺不到他的心跳。Theydancedtothebeatofthedrums.他們隨著鼓聲翩翩起舞。6.failure

noun/?fe?lj?r/1).thefactofsomeoneorsomethingnotsucceeding失??；失敗的人（或事）例句：Themeetingwasacompletefailure.這次會(huì)議是徹頭徹尾的失敗。TheirattempttoclimbEverestendedinfailure.他們攀登艾格爾峰的嘗試以失敗告終。2).thefactofnotdoingsomethingthatyoumustdoorareexpectedtodo未履行；沒做到例句：Hisfailuretoreturnherphonecallmadeherrealizethatsomethingwaswrong.他沒給她回電話，這使她覺得有什么事情不對(duì)頭。Failuretokeepthechemicalattherighttemperaturecouldleadtoanexplosion.化學(xué)品保存在不合適的溫度下有可能會(huì)發(fā)生爆炸。7.wish

verb/w??/1).v.towanttodosomething希望；想要例句：PassengerswishingtotaketheKingsCrosstrainshouldboardnow.去往國(guó)王十字車站的乘客請(qǐng)到9號(hào)站臺(tái)乘車。Idon’twishtoworryyoubuthedidsayhe’dbebackbymidnight.我不想讓你擔(dān)心，但他確實(shí)說過午夜之前會(huì)回來。2).v.usedwiththepastsimpletoexpressthatyoufeelsorryorsadaboutastateorsituationthatexistsatthemoment

（與過去時(shí)連用，對(duì)已經(jīng)存在的情況表示遺憾）但愿，希望例句：Iwish(that)Iwas/wereabittaller.我個(gè)子再高一點(diǎn)就好了。Iwish(that)youwerecomingwithme,Peter.你要是和我一起去就好了，彼得。3).v.tohopeorexpresshopeforanotherperson’ssuccessorhappinessorpleasureonaparticularoccasion

祝愿例句：Wewishyoueverysuccessinthefuture.我們祝愿你將來事事成功。Ididn’tevenseehertowishherahappybirthday/wishahappybirthdaytoher.我甚至沒能見到她，當(dāng)面祝福她生日快樂。4).n.afeelingofwantingsomething

希望；愿望例句：Itwasgrandpa’sgreatestwishthatoneofhisgrandchildrenwouldbecomeadoctor.爺爺最大的愿望就是有個(gè)孫子或?qū)O女成為醫(yī)生。Didheexpressanywishtoseeme?他表達(dá)了想見我的愿望了嗎？三、必背短語(yǔ)1.DragonBoatFestival

端午節(jié)

2.Mid-AutumnFestival

中秋節(jié)3.millionsof

大量

4.acoupleof

幾個(gè)5.lookforwardto

期望，盼望

6.onChineseNewYear’sEve

在除夕夜7.putupdecorations

掛上、貼上裝飾品

8.infact

事實(shí)上9.remind…todo…

提醒……做某事

10.familyreunion

家庭團(tuán)聚11.gowrong

出錯(cuò)

12.givethanks

表達(dá)感謝13.sayinalow/highvoice

用低的/高的聲音說

14.heatup

加熱；升溫15.agreewithone’ssuggestion

同意某人的建議

16.afterall

畢竟17.haveataste

嘗一嘗

18.solvetheriddleson…

猜…上的謎語(yǔ)四、經(jīng)典句型1.Itlastedforthreehours!

它(這頓飯)持續(xù)了三個(gè)小時(shí)！2.Lotsandlots!

太多太多了！3.Thefamilywishedeachother,andme,goodluck.他們一家人互相祝福，也祝福我好。4.Justbeforemidnight,everyonewentoutsideandmillionsoffireworkswentofftogether.午夜前，人們走到戶外，無數(shù)的煙花同時(shí)爆響。5.Andcanyouremindthemtobringthespoonsandplates?還有，你能提醒他們帶勺和盤子嗎？6.ItwastheturkeythatmadeittheworstThanksgivingever.就是那只火雞使那次感恩節(jié)成為至今最糟糕的一次。7....andtherearealotofchancesforthingstogowrong.……有很多時(shí)候事情會(huì)出差錯(cuò)。8.Mymumwasproudofherselfasshegotitforagoodprice.媽媽很得意，因?yàn)樗员阋说膬r(jià)格買了（火雞）。9.AuntLindatoldmeyouwerevisitingChinaandwerestayingwithahostfamily.琳達(dá)阿姨告訴我你正在中國(guó)參觀游覽，住在寄宿家庭里。10.Lookforwardtoyouremail.

期待收到你的郵件。11.I’veenjoyedmystayverymuch.

我在這兒玩得非常開心。五、考點(diǎn)1.掌握本課核心詞匯和固定搭配。2.反身代詞用法人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性Imemyminemyselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyouyouyouryoursyourselveshehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves1).反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)。例句：Wegotoutoftheriveranddriedourselves.我們從河里出來弄干自己。Ididn’tenjoymyselfatallthatday.那一整天我都玩得不盡興。Shewastalkingtoherself.她自言自語(yǔ)。2).反身代詞作表語(yǔ)。例句：Hecan’tbewell;hedoesn’tfeelhimselftoday.他今天不太好，有些不舒服。Thepoorboywasmyself.我就是那個(gè)貧窮的男孩子。3).反身代詞作同位語(yǔ)。例句：Hehimselfisadoctor.他是位醫(yī)生。Thehouseitselfisbeautiful,butthedecorationsareratherold.房子本身很漂亮，但是裝飾相當(dāng)老了。4).常接反身代詞的動(dòng)詞搭配。enjoyoneself

玩得開心helponeself

隨便（吃、玩）byoneself

自己例題：1.Thosegirlsenjoyed_________inthepartylastnight.A.them

B.they

C.themselves

D.herself【答案】C【解析】考查反身代詞和固定搭配用法。enjoyoneself玩得開心，故選C。2.Whoteaches_________math?Iteach_________.A.your;myself

B.you;myselfC.you;me

D.you;herself【答案】B【解析】考查代詞用法。根據(jù)句意：——誰(shuí)教你的數(shù)學(xué)？——我自學(xué)的。故選B。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法（二）?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句中出現(xiàn)for\since的時(shí)候，句中的動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果動(dòng)詞為瞬間動(dòng)詞，那么需要將瞬間動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例句：Theyborroweditlastweek.

他們昨天借的。Theyhavekeptitsincelastweek.

從上周以來他們一直拿著。常用瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換arrivein/atbein/at;

leavebeawayfrom;

beginbe(on)buyhave;

borrowkeep;

diebedead;

becomebeopen/closebeopen/closed;

finish--beover;

goout--beout例題：Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus________for20minutes.A.hasleft

B.hadleft

C.hasbeenaway

D.hadbeenaway【答案】C【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法。根據(jù)for20minutes可判斷要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，并且leave屬于瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能用于接for20minutes的句子，故選C。六、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)havegoneto，havebeento和havebeenin的區(qū)別和用法1.havegoneto意為“到某地去”，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一人稱、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語(yǔ)。例句：WhereisJim?

——吉姆在哪里？HehasgonetoEngland.

——他去英國(guó)了。（尚未回來）Mr.Wangisn’’there．HehasgonetoQingdao.

王先生不在這里。他去青島了。2.havebeento意為“曾經(jīng)去過某地