2022中考熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式練 專題16 任務(wù)型閱讀（原卷版）

中考熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式練專題16任務(wù)型閱讀【題型一】任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子類(lèi)【典例分析】（2021·山東青島·中考真題）Nothingsoundsbetterthanaswimonahotsummerday.However,manyteens,includingsomewhoaregoodswimmersdrowneachyear.Whensomeoneisdrowning,it’softensilentandhappensveryquickly.____1____.Herearesometipsonhowtopreventdrowningwhenyougoforaswim.Neverswimalone—evenforamoment.Youshouldgoswimmingwithadultsandmakesurethattheyareabletokeepyousafe.____2____.Enterthewatercarefullyandfeetfirst.Goinfeetfirstsothatyoucanknowhowdeepthewateris.Divingintounsafewatercanleadtoseriousinjuries.____3____.Takesometimetostretchyourbodybeforeyouenterthewater.Getyourbodypreparedandsafetywillsurelyfollow.Learnlifesavingskills.____4____.CPRisoneofthelifesavingskillsthatcanhelpotherswhoareneardrowning.Chooseswimmingareascarefully.____5____.Choosetheareaswithsafetyfacilitiesandlifeguards.Remember:incaseofemergency,it’salwaysimportanttocallforhelpfirst!Allinall,keepswimmingsafetyinmindwhenyouareinandaroundthewater.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A．DobodyexerciseB．ButitcanbepreventedC．WarmupbeforeswimmingD．It’simportanttohaveanadultnearbywatchfordangerE．Don’tgototheswimmingareasthatyoudon’tknowwellF．Manyschoolsandtrainingcentersnowofferclassestolearntheseskills【提分秘籍】考點(diǎn)掃描為了彌補(bǔ)閱讀理解客觀題(判斷是非題與單項(xiàng)選擇題)一統(tǒng)天下、考生容易猜測(cè)的局面，近年來(lái)各地中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解部分都引入了屬于主觀題性質(zhì)的任務(wù)型閱讀，要求考生或填寫(xiě)表格(一般限定詞數(shù))，或回答問(wèn)題。值得一提的是,近年來(lái)任務(wù)型閱讀的主觀題在各地中考英語(yǔ)試題中所占的比例越來(lái)越大，有的地方試題甚至采用兩篇,既要求考生根據(jù)文章填寫(xiě)表格，又要求考生在閱讀文章后回答問(wèn)題，但是，綜觀任何一組中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題，試題的難易度分布非常有序。做題技巧與策略一、題型指導(dǎo)閱讀短文還原句子的文章一般為200—250詞左右，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。根據(jù)歷年真題的考查可看出考題中段中設(shè)空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1.學(xué)生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。2.學(xué)生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。二、滿分技巧1.解題步驟（1）讀選項(xiàng)，畫(huà)關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序。（2）讀文章，找邏輯，抓過(guò)渡詞。（3）先易后難來(lái)解題。（4）回讀文章定答案。2.得分技巧（1）抓住過(guò)渡詞，看住上下句。（2）盯緊橫線的前后詞語(yǔ)。通過(guò)學(xué)生對(duì)這類(lèi)題型的解題步驟、思路及技巧的練習(xí)和實(shí)踐，可總結(jié)出以下復(fù)習(xí)策略：1.養(yǎng)成限時(shí)閱讀的習(xí)慣，提高閱讀速度。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀技能，處理好閱讀速度與效率問(wèn)題。閱讀速度應(yīng)控制在每篇5分鐘，每分鐘40-50個(gè)詞為宜。2.注意常考點(diǎn)。平時(shí)練習(xí)多注意代詞（如it，this，they）、選項(xiàng)的句內(nèi)關(guān)系（如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折）及重現(xiàn)（文章與選項(xiàng)的復(fù)現(xiàn)提示）等。3.解題技巧通讀全文，了解文章大意。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，將選項(xiàng)填入文中，再次通讀全文，重點(diǎn)考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)，研究多余選項(xiàng)，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。1.如果問(wèn)題設(shè)在段首（1）通常是段落的主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。（2）與后文是并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。（3）段落間的過(guò)渡句。這時(shí)要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來(lái)，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。2.如果問(wèn)題設(shè)在段尾（1）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（2）通常是結(jié)論，概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果結(jié)論，總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如：Therefore，asaresult，thus，hence，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（3）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。（4）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說(shuō)明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類(lèi)似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。（5）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段的開(kāi)頭是否有一定的銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來(lái)，正確答案應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。【變式演練】任務(wù)型閱讀之句子還原第1篇（2021·湖北天門(mén)·中考真題）閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后所給的五個(gè)句子中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenpeoplewriteinEnglish,theyuselettersofthealphabet.PeoplewhowriteinChinesehowever,usecharacters（文字）thatstandforwordsorideas.____1____.Theearliestformswerecalled“oraclebones”.Thesewereanimalbonesmarkedwithpicturesandsymbols.Inadditiontowritingonbones,theChinesealsomademarksonturtleshells（龜殼）.By1400BC,theChinesewritingsystem（系統(tǒng)）hadbecomemorecomplex.____2____.Around200BC,Chinesecharactersbecamestandardized.Thismeansthateveryoneusedthesamecharacters.____3___.Forexample,thecharacterthatmeansmanintheLishusystemfrom200BCissimilartothecharacterthatmeansmanfromtheJiantiziormodernsimplifiedsystem,ofthetwentiethcentury.PeoplehavemadeeffortstochangeChinesecharactersoverthecenturies.____4___.TheChinesegovernmentsimplified（簡(jiǎn)化）manycharacterssothatmorepeoplecouldlearntoread.ThissimplersystemisusedinmainlandChinaandSingapore.____5___.Evenwiththesechanges,Chinesewritingfrom2,200yearsagoisstillunderstoodtoday.A．Ithadmorethan2,500charactersB．HistoriansbelieveChinesewritingbeganasearlyas1500BCC．ThemostimportantchangeshappenedinthetwentiethcenturyD．TraditionalcharactersareusedinTaiwan,HongKong,andMacauE．ManymodernChinesecharactersaresimilartothosefrom2,000yearsago任務(wù)型閱讀之句子還原第2篇（2021·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題）Wheneveryouareinvitedtoawesternfamilyfordinner,toknowsomeknowledgeofwesternmannersisveryimportant._____1_____First,beontime.Tobeapoliteguest,besuretogetthereontime.Beinglateaswellasbeingtooearlyisimpolite.Ifyoucan’tgetthereontime,makeacallasearlyaspossible._____2_____Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentwaysofgreetingeachother.InBritainandtheUnitedStates,peoplearesupposedtoshakehandswhentheymeetforthefirsttime.Forfriends,theymaychooseahug.InFrance,greetingwithakissisverycommon.Third,mindtablemanners.Whenhavingdinner,youshouldbehaveproperly.Forexample,puttingyourspooninthesoupbowlisconsideredimpolite._____3_____Becarefulnottomakemuchnoisewhencuttingthingswithyourknife.Fourth,keepapropertalkingdistance(距離).Generally,onemeterbetweeneachotherisperfectinBritain.

_____4_____Peoplewillfeeluncomfortablewhentheyaretooclosetoeachotherortoofarfromeachother._____5_____Someflowersorabottleofwineisenough.Iftherearechildren,somechocolatewillbenice.Asthesayinggoes,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”It’sjustthekeytobeingapoliteguestabroad.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，將下面的句子還原到文中空白處，使短文內(nèi)容完整、通順（每個(gè)選項(xiàng)只能用一次。）A．Second,choosepropergreetingmanners.B．Herearefiveusefultipsforyou.C．However,halfameterisOKintheUnitedStates.D．Last,prepareasmallgift.E．Anddon’ttrytotalkwithyourmouthfull.【題型二】任務(wù)型閱讀之回答問(wèn)題類(lèi)【典例分析】（2021·江蘇淮安·中考真題）Doyouputupyourhandwhenyouwanttospeakinclass?Ifso,youhavefollowedarule.Rulescanbeassimpleasputtingupyourhand.Theycanalsobeascomplicated(復(fù)雜的)asknowingwhenyouare”out”inagame.Rulescanbemadebyanyone.Parentsmakerulestohelpchildrengrowuphealthily.Rulesathomemightincludewashingdishesorcleaningrooms.Teachersmakerulestohelpstudentslearnandstaysafe.Puttingupyourhandbeforeaskingaquestionhelpstheclasspayattentiontothelesson.Studentsmakerulesingamestomakesurethattheycanplaywithoutfighting.Rulescanbechangedoften.Ifyouchangeyourminds,youcanchangetherules.Lawsarerulestoo,buttheyaremadedifferently.Lawsaremadebyelectedrepresentatives(被選出的代表).Voters(選民)allowtheirrepresentativestomakelawsthatcanprotectpeople’srights,safetyandmakesureeveryonecanbetreatedfairly.Lawscannotbechangedoften,sorepresentativesconsiderlawscarefullybeforemakingnewones.Thebiggestdifferencebetweenrulesandlawsisthepunishment(處罰)forbreakingthem.Ifyoubreakarule,yourpunishmentmightbesmall,likelosingaturninagame.However,ifapersonbreaksanimportantlaw,thepunishmentmightbeafine(罰款)ortimeinprison.Rulesandlawskeepeveryonesafe.Peoplecanworkandlivetogetherinpeacebyfollowingrulesandlaws.根據(jù)上面短文的內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題（每個(gè)小題答案不超過(guò)6個(gè)單詞）1．Cananyonemakerules?________________________________________2．Whomakesrulestohelpstudentslearnandstaysafe?________________________________________3．Whydorepresentativesconsiderlawscarefullybeforemakingnewones?________________________________________4．What’sthebiggestdifferencebetweenrulesandlaws?________________________________________5．Howcanpeoplelivetogetherinpeace?________________________________________【提分秘籍】考點(diǎn)掃描為了彌補(bǔ)閱讀理解客觀題(判斷是非題與單項(xiàng)選擇題)一統(tǒng)天下、考生容易猜測(cè)的局面，近年來(lái)各地中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解部分都引入了屬于主觀題性質(zhì)的任務(wù)型閱讀，要求考生或填寫(xiě)表格(一般限定詞數(shù))，或回答問(wèn)題。值得一提的是,近年來(lái)任務(wù)型閱讀的主觀題在各地中考英語(yǔ)試題中所占的比例越來(lái)越大，有的地方試題甚至采用兩篇,既要求考生根據(jù)文章填寫(xiě)表格，又要求考生在閱讀文章后回答問(wèn)題，但是，綜觀任何一組中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題，試題的難易度分布非常有序?；卮饐?wèn)題類(lèi)任務(wù)型閱讀做題技巧與策略1.認(rèn)真審題，明確題目要求。首先閱讀題目，明確題目中的關(guān)鍵詞，在閱讀文章前對(duì)所要回答的問(wèn)題有所了解。2.快速瀏覽文章，規(guī)范答題?；卮饐?wèn)題型任務(wù)型閱讀需要利用題干中關(guān)鍵詞，尋找文章中對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞，在對(duì)應(yīng)詞周?chē)鷮ふ掖鸢富蛘咧苯釉谖恼轮兴阉鞔鸢?。帶著審題時(shí)對(duì)文章大意的了解以及問(wèn)題快速瀏覽文章，以最快的速度在文章相對(duì)應(yīng)的位置尋找相關(guān)信息。3.答題形式符合提問(wèn)形式。不同的提問(wèn)方式需要不同形式的回答，在答案簡(jiǎn)潔的基礎(chǔ)上還要注意結(jié)構(gòu)的完整。一般疑問(wèn)句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑問(wèn)句要根據(jù)特殊疑問(wèn)詞具體回答。4.仔細(xì)檢查，確保答案。完成所有答題后，需要再次速讀一遍文章，核對(duì)答案，確保答案的正確性。需要注意，有些題目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合題目要求進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換；有些需要進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)，把正確答案重新組織語(yǔ)言表達(dá)出來(lái)。【變式演練】任務(wù)型閱讀之回答問(wèn)題第1篇（2021·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。Triathlonisaraceinwhicheachpersonswims,ridesabicycleandrunsoververylongdistances.IthasbeenheldtentimesinHopeTown.Sam,aged20,finishednineraceswithhisyoungerbrotherLuke.Everyracewasavictoryforthem.Lukecan’twalk,talkorfeedhimselfbecauseofararebrainillnesssincebirth.ButSamwantshisbrothertoknowwhatitfeelsliketobepartofasportinsteadofhavingtositandwatch.AlocalTVjournalistinterviewedSamafterhereceivedtheTownHeroAward.(J=Journalist,S=Sam)J:HowdidyougettheideatoincludeLukeintheseevents?S:WhenIwasten,mymomshowedmeavideooftwoyoungmenfromanothercitydoingtriathlons.OneofthemenhadaconditionlikeLukehas.Igottheideafromthat.J:What’sitlikehavingLukealong?S:Ifeelgoodandproudduringthewholetriathlon,forI’mgivingsomethingtoLuke.Hecanexperiencethingsanyothermanwould.J:Whatdoyougetfromhim?S:It’sthesmileonLuke’sface.Thatsmilebrightensme.ThefeelingofknowingthatI’vedonesomethingforhimisunbelievable.J:WhenyoureceivedtheTownHeroAward,youtalkedabouttheimportanceofchangingthewayyouseethings.Whatdidyoumean?S:PeopleseeLukeverydifferently:“Oh,hecan’tdosomethinglikethat.He’sdisabled.”Butifyoujustchangehowyouseethings,youcanseetherearemanypossibilitieswhereLukecandoswimming,bikingoreventriathlons,likewedo.J:Whatdoyouwanttosharewithotheryoungmen?S:________1．HowmanyracesdidSamandLukefinish?2．Whohassufferedfromabrainillness,SamorLuke?3．WhatdidSam’smomshowhimwhenhewasten?4．HowdoesSamfeelduringthewholetriathlon?5．WhatdoesSamgetfromLuke?6．WhatmightbeSam’sreplytothejournalist’slastquestion?WriteTWOsentences.任務(wù)型閱讀之回答問(wèn)題第2篇（2021·山東威?！ぶ锌颊骖}）研讀下面表格,根據(jù)截圖內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)要作答,請(qǐng)將答案填寫(xiě)到答題卡指定位置。EDITOR’SINTRODUCTIONHowyoulearnEnglishwithLearnHotEnglishmagazine1.Increaseyourvocabulary.IneveryissueofLearnHotEnglishyou’lllearnover350Englishwordsandexpressions.Plusyou’lllearnlotsofidioms,phrasalverbs,grammarandmore.2.I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TRACK03100FactsTheHotEnglishStory&HowtoUseHotEnglishFunctionallanguage:TheErrorCorrectionListening:TeambuildingRACK04&GrammarFunHi,andwelcomeanotherissueofLearnHotEnglish—thefunmagazineforlearningEnglish.DoyouknowhowtonegotiateinEnglish?It’sausefulskillthatcouldsaveyoumoneyandhelpyouprogressinyourjoborinlifeingenera.Wellbelookingatsomeusefullanguageformakingandrespondingtoproposals.Listentotheconversationsandreallyimproveyourlisteningandcommunicationskills.Ofcourse,that’snotall,andwe’llalsobelookingatOxford,authorLewisCarroll,drinks,thephoneteambuilding,famousfilmscenes,AliceinWonderland,theDutchEnglishaccentandlots,lotsmore!We,wehopeyouenjoyreadingandlisteningtothisissueofLearnHotEnglishHavefun,learnlotsofEnglishandseeyouallnextmonth!Andy12141617182022232426283031Intermediate(CEFlevel:B1)AwfullyAnnoyedTRACK05NegotiationquotesLearnhowtorespondtoaproposal!

TR4CK06PhotoMagic;Listening:TheweddingTRACk07FamousFilmScenesAliceinWonderlandHelenaBonhamCarterLewisCarrollIntermediate(CEFlevel:B2)OxfordWhaleHuntingTRACK08DrFinger’sVocabularyClinicStupidPeopleTRACK09QuirkyNews/CornyCriminals/RiddlesRecipe:Spaghetti;ListeningCatching-upTRACK10Notes:

editor主編，index索引，issue期刊1．Wheredoesthispageappear?____________________________2．Whatcanyougetfromthispage?____________________________3．Howoftendoesthisissuecomeout?____________________________4．WherecanyoufindthestoryofAliceinWonderland?____________________________5．Whatcanyoudoonthewebsite/shop?____________________________【題型三】任務(wù)型閱讀之完成句子或表格類(lèi)【典例分析】閱讀完成句子（2021·陜西·中考真題）1．Whatdoesthewritermostlywanttoexpressinhisposter?Hecallson(號(hào)召)thereadersto____________COVID-19.2．Whocreatedthisposterandwhatwasitmadeas?Itwascreatedbyastudentnamed____________andmadeashis____________3．Whichwordmeans“疫苗”inthepassage?Itis____________.4．Whatshouldcountriesdoaccordingtothestudent?Hethinkscountriesshould____________.5．WhydidthestudentchoosetheWHO’swordsforhisposter?Hewantedtoletreadersknowthe____________ofCOVID-19.閱讀填表（2021·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Smartphoneshavebecomeanessentialpartofourdailylives.Thisisworrying,aslong-timeuseofsmartphonesharmschildren’seyesight,cervicalvertebrae(頸椎)andeventhebrain.ItwasreportedChinahad175millionInternetusersundertheageof18,with74percenthavingtheirownmobilephones.It’salreadycommonpracticeinsomecountriestolimitstudents’useofmobilephones,Francepassedalawbanningtheuseofmobilephonesonschoolgroundsforchildrenundertheageof15.Othercountries,includingtheUnitedStates,ItalyandJapan,havealsopassedlawsbanningstudentsfrombringingphonestoschoolsorclassrooms.TheMinistryofEducationinChinareleasedanoticethatrestrictsprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsfrombringingmobilephonestoschool.Thosewhorequiretheirphonesforsomeneedmustgettheirparents’andteachers’approvalandmusthandtheirphonesoverduringclasstime.AnEnglishteacherfromBeijingnoticedthatmanystudentslostthemselvesintheirphones.Shesaid,“Moststudentsareshortofself-control.Spendingtoomuchtimeonthephonepreventsthemfromlearning.”AparentfromShanghaisaid,“Therulesaregoodforchildrenandlimitingphoneuseistherightwaytoputtheirfocusbackonstudies.”A16-year-oldstudentsaid,“Itisunwisetostopallthestudentstakingtheirphonestoschool.”Hethinksadultscan’tsimplycutthemofffromtheInternetinthedigitaleraandit’smoreimportanttocultivatestudents’abilitytomanagethemselves.閱讀以上信息，用恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~完成下面的表格，每空一詞。Title:ShiftingfocusfromphonetoclassroomBackgroundinformation·Smartphonesplayanimportantroleinpeople’sdailylives.·Long-timeuseofphonesis____1____tochildren’shealth.·Nearlythree____2___of175millionInternetusersunder18hadtheirownmobilephonesinChina.

Laws____3____·Frenchstudentsundertheageof15can’tusemobilephonesinschools.·StudentsintheUnitedStates,ItalyandJapancan’tusemobilephonesinschoolsorclassrooms.Noticeinourcountry·Anoticeoncontrollingprimaryandmiddleschoolstudents’phoneuseinschoolswasreleased.Differentopinions·Boththeteacherandtheparentarein___4____onlimitingstudents’phoneuse.Controllingphoneuseistherightwaytoputchildren’sfocusbackonstudies.·Thestudentthinksthattheycan’tbeseparatedfromtheInternetinthedigitalera.Norules____5____all.Self-managementismoreimportant.【提分秘籍】考點(diǎn)掃描為了彌補(bǔ)閱讀理解客觀題(判斷是非題與單項(xiàng)選擇題)一統(tǒng)天下、考生容易猜測(cè)的局面，近年來(lái)各地中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解部分都引入了屬于主觀題性質(zhì)的任務(wù)型閱讀，要求考生或填寫(xiě)表格(一般限定詞數(shù))，或回答問(wèn)題。值得一提的是,近年來(lái)任務(wù)型閱讀的主觀題在各地中考英語(yǔ)試題中所占的比例越來(lái)越大，有的地方試題甚至采用兩篇,既要求考生根據(jù)文章填寫(xiě)表格，又要求考生在閱讀文章后回答問(wèn)題，但是，綜觀任何一組中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題，試題的難易度分布非常有序。完成句子或表格類(lèi)任務(wù)型閱讀做題技巧與策略解題指導(dǎo)解答該題型的題目需按照“研表→讀文→填表”的思路來(lái)進(jìn)行：1.研表快速閱讀表格，通過(guò)分析表格的項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)特征把握信息范圍及對(duì)文章的理解方向。2.讀文快速瀏覽全文，把握短文大意；再讀文章內(nèi)容，進(jìn)行細(xì)節(jié)定位。3.填表抓住有效細(xì)節(jié)，準(zhǔn)確填好表格。此類(lèi)題考查學(xué)生通過(guò)快速閱讀捕捉信息的能力，同時(shí)要求學(xué)生對(duì)文中信息進(jìn)行理解轉(zhuǎn)換，并進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)倪壿嬐评砗蜌w納總結(jié)。填表過(guò)程中，需特別注重3C法，即copy,change,create。(1)copy：表格中的某些句子完全是按文章的原句進(jìn)行表述的，所以試題中內(nèi)容的形式、時(shí)態(tài)等與文章中的內(nèi)容保持一致即可；(2)change：有些試題則需要在分析原文句子的基礎(chǔ)上，使用相關(guān)的同義句或近義詞等進(jìn)行填寫(xiě)；(3)create：某些試題需要學(xué)生自行選擇合適的表述方式，對(duì)原文進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)或轉(zhuǎn)述，在不失原意的基礎(chǔ)上把答案用不同方式正確地表述出來(lái)?！咀兪窖菥殹康?篇閱讀完成句子（2021·天津·中考真題）Avegetarian（素食者）issomeonewhodoesnoteatmeat.Beingavegetarianhasbecomeapopularchoice.Infact,linevery200kidsintheUSisavegetarian.Mostpeoplechoosetobevegetariansformanyreasons.First,theybelievethatavegetariandiet（飲食）isgoodforhealth.Itusuallyhaslessfat（脂肪）thanadietthatincludesmeat.Vegetarianseatalow-fatdiettostayfitandhealthy.Avegetariandietalsoprovidesmanyvitamins（維生素）thatpeoplecan’tgetfrommeat.Thesevitaminsprotectpeoplefromsomediseases.Second,manyvegetariansareworriedabouthowanimalsareraisedandkilledforfood.Theyhopeanimalscanbebettertreated.Finally,theythinkbeingavegetariancanhelptheplanet.Peopleusemoreenergy,waterandlandtoraiseanimalsforfoodthantogrowfruitandvegetables.Alsoanimalsputgreenhousegases（溫室氣體）intotheair.Thesegasescauseglobalwarming（全球變暖）.Vegetariansadvisepeopletohavejustacoupleofvegetarianmealsaweektomaketheworldabetterplace.1．Infact,1in____________intheUSisavegetarian.2．Vegetarianseatalow-fatdiettostay____________.3．Manyvegetariansareworriedabout____________.4．Peopleuse____________toraiseanimalsforfoodthantogrowfruitandvegetables.5．Vegetariansadvisepeopleto____________aweek.第2篇閱讀填表（2021·遼寧遼陽(yáng)·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，完成表格。It’sverypopulartotravelinmodernlife.Astravelers,weshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheenvironment.Hereissomeadviceonhowtobeagreentraveler.◆MakesmarterflightchoicesAirtravelisnotanenvironmentally-friendlywaytotravelbecauseitusesalotofenergy.Ifyoumustfly,besuretopacklighttocutdowntheplane’sload.Andtrytobookanon-stopfight（預(yù)訂直達(dá)航班）.Connectingfights（轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)航班）usuallyrequirelongerperiodsoflyingandplaneswillusemoreenergy.◆Respect（尊重）naturalenvironmentMarkedhikingtails（有指示標(biāo)識(shí)的游覽步道）arethereusuallytoprotectthenaturalenvironmentandkeepwildplantssafe.Inbeachareas,don’tuseproductsthatareharmfultotheseawaterandtrytoprotecttheocean’secosystem.◆SupportlocalsdirectlyBuyinghandmadeproductsandartpiecescreatedbylocalpeoplecanhelphanddownculturaltraditionandcreatejobs.Foodthatisgrownlocallyandthingsthataresoldbylocalfamiliesareoftenbetterandcheaper,allwhilehelpingkeepmoneyinlocalpockets.◆FindwaystogivebackConsiderthewaysthatyoucanhelpthelocalcommunityandgivebackwhiletraveling.Thiscanbeassimpleaspickinguplitterinaparkorvolunteeringtocleanupabeach.Ifyou’replanningatripwherevolunteeringisyourmaingoal,makesureyouwon’ttakejobsawayfromlocalpeople.SomeadviceonhowtobeagreentravelerMakesmarterflightchoices●Youcanpacklightand__1__inordertosavetimeandenergy.Respectnaturalenvironment●Thenaturalenvironmentandwildplants__2__bymarkedhikingtrails.●Useproducts__3__harmfulingredients（成分）andtrytoprotecttheocean’secosystem.___4___●Buylocalproductsandfoodtohelphanddownculturaltraditionandkeepmoneyinlocalpockets.Findwaystogiveback●Youcanpickuplitterinaparkor___5___cleanupabeach.●Youcan’ttakejobsawayfromlocalpeople.任務(wù)型閱讀第1篇閱讀還原5選4（2021·山東淄博·中考真題）AlthoughNewZealandsellsquitealotofkiwifruittoothercountrieseveryyear,kiwididnotalwaysgrowinNewZealand.In1904,MaryIsabelFraserreturnedhomefromChinawhereshevisitedhersister.____1____Alocalnurseryman(苗圃主人),AlexanderAllison,plantedthem.Hetookcareoftheplantsforfouryears,beforetheyfinallyfruitedin1910.Peoplethoughttheytastedlikegooseberry(鵝莓).____2____Otherpeoplestartedgrowingthem.By1920s,Chinesegooseberryplantswereavailableatseveralnurseries(苗圃).Theycaughttheeyeofhorticulturists(園藝家).Onehorticulturist,HaywardWright,choseplantsfromthefirstseeds.Theyproducedlargefruitwithexcellentflavour(味道),sohegrewmoreplants.In1956,theywerenamedafterhim.____3____KiwifruitwassoldtotheUnitedKingdomandAustraliain1952and1953,andChinesegooseberriesgrewincreasinglypopularabroad.Peoplegraduallybegantonoticethisfruitandbecamefascinated.Youareright.It’stimeforpeopletopickalocalnameforthisgooseberry.Thename“melonettes”wassuggestedbutwasnotaccepted.____4___HethoughtthefruitlookedlikeNewZealand’snationalkiwibird,whichhasaroundedbodycoveredwithfuzzy(有絨毛的)brownfeathers.Thenamewasaccepted.Itisstillcalledkiwifruit,althoughsomecountriesshortenittokiwi.A．TheHaywardvariety(種類(lèi))isstillthefavoritekiwifruit.B．Kiwineedsfiveyearsofcarebeforeitcanproducefruit.C．In1959,JackTurneroftheproducecompanyTurnersandGrowerssuggested“kiwifruit”.D．BecausetheseedscamefromChina,theywerenamedtheChinesegooseberry.E．Shebroughtsomefruitseedsbackwithher.任務(wù)型閱讀第2篇閱讀還原4選4（2021·遼寧盤(pán)錦·中考真題）Foralongtime,“madeinChina”madepeoplethinkofcheap,low-quality（質(zhì)量）goods.____1____

Timemagazinerecentlyreleased（發(fā)布）alistofthe100mostinfluentialcompaniesintheworld.SeveralChinesecompanieswereincluded,suchasAlibaba,Huawei,Tencent,DJI,TikTokandDiDiChuxing.Thesecompaniesareshapingtheworldwithhighlydevelopedtechnology.ItisreportedthatDJIholds70percentofthedrone（無(wú)人機(jī)）marketintheworld.Thisyear,itinventedanewdronewithasetofglassesthatgivesusersafirst-personpictureoftheirdrone5sflight.TikTokhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularappsintheUSwithitsendlessvideos.____2____Chinesefashion（時(shí)尚）alsohasalargenumberofconsumers（消費(fèi)者）.In2011,ChinesebrandsFeiyue,HuiliandLi-Ninggotinternationalattention.____3____In2020,itsincome（收入）reachedover10billiondollars,anincreaseof100percentovertheyearbefore.ManyEuropeanconsumerssaySheinisaffordable,modemandofhighquality.____4___

Thankstoabiggermarket,improvedsupplychains（供應(yīng)鏈）andefficient（高效的）producing,Chinesebrandsandhomemadeproductsarerushingtothepublic.ThebestperiodoftimeforthedevelopmentofChinesebrandshascome.A．Morerecently,SheinhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularChinesefastfashionbrandsabroad.B．ButnowChinesebrandshavewontheheartsofpeopleathomeandabroad.C．Inthefuture,Chinesebrandswillcontinuetodevelop.D．MillionsoftheUSusersspendanaverageof46minutesonTikTokeveryday.任務(wù)型閱讀第3篇（2021·山東煙臺(tái)·中考真題）閱讀下面短文,完成短文后的問(wèn)題。Howwouldyoufeelifyoureceivedalargeamountofmoneyallatonce?That’sexactlywhathappenedtoNkosikhoMbele,aworkeratagasstationinSouthAfrica.Hissuddenluckwasbroughtaboutbyanactofkindnesshedidforayoungwoman—Monet,acompanymanager.Oneday,Monetstoppedatthegasstationtorefuel（加油）.ButwhenNkosikhowasabouttoserveher,sherealizedshedidn’thaveanymoneyorcardsonher.Sheimmediatelytriedtostophim.Knowingabouthertrouble,NkosikhodecidedtopayhergasbillofaboutR100（＄7）tomakesurethatshecouldtravelacrossthehighwaywithenoughgas.“Madam,I’llpayforyousothatyouwon’trunoutofgasontheroad.Wheneveryouarenearhereagain,youcanjustgivemebackthemoney,”Nkosikhosaid.Asforhim,theR100wasalmostallhemadeinaday.Hehadtosupportabigfamily.Heneededthemoneyverymuch.Hewasn’tevensureifMonetwouldcomebacktoreturnhismoney,buthestillvolunteeredtohelpher.Severaldayslater,Monetcamebackwithhismoneyandaboxofchocolate.ShewassothankfulthatshealsopostedtheirstoryontheInternet.Greatchangestookplace.Nkosikhobecamefamousinhistown.Manypeopleweremovedbyhisactandofferedtoraisemoneyforhim.Nkosikhoreceivedaround＄24,000asmuchasabouthissalary（薪水）ofeightyears.Hisbossalsoheardofhiskindactanddecidedtogivehimariseinsalary.“IfeellikeI’mdreaming.Mylifehasbeenturned—upsidedown,”Nkosikhosaidthankfully.Asnormalpeople,wecanbringagreatchangetolifebydoingasmallgoodthing.1．WhydidMonettrytostopNkosikhorefueling?________________2．WhatwasNkosikho’slifelikebeforehemetMonet?________________3．WhatelsedidMonetdotoshowherthanksbesidesreturningthemoney?________________4．ListtwochangesinNkosikho’slifeafterhisactofkindness.________________5．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?________________任務(wù)型閱讀第4篇（2021·湖南株洲·中考真題）閱讀下面的材料，然后根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。XiangiangMiddleSchoolencouragesthestudentstohavedifferenttalents.Mikeplaystheguitaratschool,andMaxplaysthedrums.Theybothplayverywell.Allthestudentsliketoenjoytheirmusic.Therearemorethan50clubsintheschool,buttheywanttodosomethingdifferent.OnedayMikeandMaxdecidedfortheschool’sfirstmarchingband(行進(jìn)樂(lè)隊(duì)).Buttheyneededmoremusicalinstruments(器)andmembers.MikeandMaxputupasignaskinganyonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumenttojoin.Manystudentswerereallyinterestedinthis.Soontheygotalotofanswers.Samreallywantedtojointheband,buthehadonehugeproblem.Hecouldnotplayanymusicalinstrument.Sophiaalsowantedtojointheband,butsheplayedtheharp(豎琴).Theharpistoobig.Shecan’tcarryitwhileplaying.“Howcanyoubeinourband?”MikeaskedSophia.“Youplaytheharpsittingdown,howcanyoumarch?”AllthebandmemberswantedSophiatoplayintheband.Buttheyalsowantedtomarch.Whereis