中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)第3節(jié)代詞課件

中考語(yǔ)法知識(shí)第三節(jié)代詞廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)(※語(yǔ)法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點(diǎn)2020年2021年2022年2023年人稱(chēng)代詞—※it

★him★it★it物主代詞※her

★their—※her※his反身代詞————指示代詞————廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)(※語(yǔ)法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點(diǎn)2020年2021年2022年2023年命題趨向從近4年的考查情況來(lái)看，代詞是每年必考的一個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，其中物主代詞、人稱(chēng)代詞和反身代詞尤為突出。因此2024年考生備考時(shí)需注意人稱(chēng)代詞、反身代詞和指示代詞等高頻考點(diǎn)。

中考說(shuō)明近4年英語(yǔ)中考對(duì)代詞的考查主要集中在語(yǔ)法選擇和短文填空兩大題型上。知識(shí)點(diǎn)主要有人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞以及不定代詞，

其中人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞被考查的次數(shù)最多，

需要重點(diǎn)掌握?？键c(diǎn)一：人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)用法單復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey作主語(yǔ)賓格meusyouyouhimheritthem作賓語(yǔ)【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．LilywillarriveinChangchuntomorrow.Let’shaveapartyfor________.A．she B．herC．hers D．herselfB

(

)2．Themovietells________thatloveisthemostexpensivepresentintheworld.A．we B．usC．our D．ours(

)3．Goodbooksarelikewisefriends,because________supportyoutowalkforwardandhelpyouunderstandtheworld.A．they B．theirC．them D．themselvesB

A

(

)4．—Rose,couldyoupleasewatertheflowersinthegarden?—Why________?Yousee,mybrotherislisteningtomusic.A．me B．IC．mine D．myA

(

)5．—Arethesestampsyours,Dave?—Oh,no.Tomalsolikescollectingstamps.Theymightbelongto________.A．he B．himC．his D．himselfB

考點(diǎn)二：物主代詞人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)用法單復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性myouryouryourhisheritstheir只能作定語(yǔ)，

修飾后面的名詞名詞性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．—It’sraininghardoutside,butIcan’tfind________umbrella.CanIshare________?—Sure.A．mine;your B．my;yourC．my;yours D．mine;yoursC

(

)2．Jessicausedtobeamanagerinacompany,butshegaveup________jobwhenshebecameamother.A．she B．hersC．her D．herself(

)3．Lucy’sstrawberriesarefresherthan________.A．I B．meC．my D．mineC

D

4．(2023營(yíng)口，73)ApartfromWuyiMountain’stea,theplaceisalsoknownfor______bambooweaving(編織)tradition.5．(2023吉林，32)Heeventestedherbsonhimselfandnearlylost______lifemanytimes.its

his

考點(diǎn)三：反身代詞反身代詞的分類(lèi)及用法見(jiàn)下表：人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)單復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)反身代詞myselfourse-lvesyour-selfyour-selveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves用法必須與被指代的人在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致，

意思是“本人；親自”作賓語(yǔ)Hersisteristooyoungtodressherself.作主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)Hehimselfisalwaysmakingsuchmistakes.作賓語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)You’dbetteraskyourwifeherself.【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．Somepeoplehavethehabitoftalkingto________whentheyarealone.A．them B．theyC．their D．themselvesD

(

)2．Promisetokeepthesecretto________,orIwon’ttellyouaboutit.A．you B．yourC．yourself D．yours(

)3．Don’tbeworriedabouther.Sheisoldenoughtotakecareof________.A．herself B．herC．hers D．sheC

A

(

)4．Lastmonth,Iwenttothecomputermuseumwithmyparents.Weenjoyed________andlearnedalot.A．us B．ourselvesC．our D．ours(

)5．Nowadays,Icanchooseonlinecoursesandstudyby________.A．I B．meC．my D．myselfB

D

考點(diǎn)四：指示代詞this,that,these,those的用法見(jiàn)下表：指示代詞及用法例句this/these一般用來(lái)指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或物；that/those一般用來(lái)指時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物Thisisapenandthatisapencil.Thesearemybooksandthosearehis.指示代詞及用法例句指示代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)可指物也可指人，

但作其他句子成分時(shí)只能指物，

不能指人Thatismyteacher.Iboughtthisbook.this/these常指后面要講到的事物，

有啟下的作用；that/those有承上的作用，

指前面剛剛提過(guò)的事WhatIwanttotellyouisthis：themeetingisputofftillFriday.(啟下)Wehavenotimetodoit.That’shisjob.(承上)指示代詞及用法例句that和those可用來(lái)代替前面提過(guò)的名詞，

避免重復(fù)，

尤其在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中ThestudentsofClassOnearebetterthanthoseofClassTwo.除了用作代詞外，this和that都可用作副詞，

與形容詞或副詞連用，

意為“這么；

那么”，相當(dāng)于soIsitthishoteveryday？【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．Theparkisnowbecomingmoreandmorepopularwith________whowanttoseemonkeys.A．those B．theseC．this D．thatA

(

)2．Thereweresomanypeopleinthehall.________mademequitenervous.A．These B．ThisC．Those D．That(

)3．—Look!What’s________inthesky?—Itlookslikeakite.A．this B．thatC．those D．theseB

B

考點(diǎn)五：不定代詞不定代詞分為普通不定代詞和復(fù)合不定代詞。一、

普通不定代詞(一)普通不定代詞有some,any,none,few,little,many,much,either,neither,each,every,both,all,none,other等。用法區(qū)別如下：不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句both表示“兩者都”，對(duì)兩者的肯定，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)①both…and…②bothof＋名詞/代詞的復(fù)數(shù)neither表示“兩者都不”，對(duì)兩者的否定，

連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致①neither…nor…②neitherof＋名詞/代詞的復(fù)數(shù)＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句either表示“兩者之一”，是對(duì)兩者之一的肯定，

連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致①either…or…②eitherof＋名詞/代詞的復(fù)數(shù)＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句all表示三者或三者以上“都”，可以與of連用，of后為名詞時(shí)，of可以省略，

但是如果of后面為代詞賓格時(shí)，of不可以省略All(of)thestudentsvisitedthemuseumlastSaturday.none表示三者或三者以上“都不”，none既可指人也可指物，

常暗示一定范圍，

因此通常與表范圍的of短語(yǔ)連用Noneofthatmoneyonthetableismine.Noneofusenjoy/enjoysgettingupearly.不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句noone(＝nobody)只能指人，

不能與of短語(yǔ)連用Noone(＝Nobody)knowsaboutit.many修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)many＝alarge/greatnumberofmuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞much＝agreat/gooddealof不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句afew，fewafew表示肯定，few表示否定，修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)afew＝somebutnotmany;few＝nearlynoalittle＝somebutnotmuch;little＝nearlynothingonly,even,quite,just等詞可與afew,alittle連用，

而不和few,little連用。alittle，littlealittle表示肯定，little表示否定，修飾不可數(shù)名詞不定代詞用法固定搭配/例句some修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。多用于肯定句中；也可以用于表示說(shuō)話(huà)人希望得到肯定的回答或表達(dá)請(qǐng)求、建議的疑問(wèn)句中Motherboughtsomeapplesinthesupermarket.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?any多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句或條件從句中，還可用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，

表示“任何一個(gè)”或“隨便哪一個(gè)”Isthereanywaterintheglass?Tomistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．(2023遼寧，2)Itriedtobuythedictionaryintwobookstores,but________ofthemhadit.A．both B．a(chǎn)llC．neither D．noneC

(

)2．(2023徐州，7)________othernursesinthehospitalhaveworkedherelongerthanHelen;onlyLucyandMarystartedworkingherebeforeher.A．All B．MostC．Some D．FewD

(

)3．—There’refourbedroomsinthehouse,________withitsownshower.—That’swhatIwant.I’vegotafewkids.A．either B．neitherC．each D．noneC

(

)4．—Ihavetwosoccerballs.Whataboutyou?—Oh,Idon’thave________.A．some B．a(chǎn)nyC．many D．muchB

(

)5．—Thereisnosaltleft.Jim,couldyougotothestoretoget________?—OK,Mom!A．some B．oneC．it D．a(chǎn)nyA

(

)6．Thetwinslookexactlythesame.________ofthemareinmyclass.A．Each B．BothC．Either D．NoneB

(

)7．—Whichwouldyoulike,acupoftea,acupofcoffeeoraglassofmilk?—________.IthinkI’lljusthaveaglassofwater.A．Both B．NeitherC．None D．EitherC

(

)8．—CanyouspeakChinese,Steve?—Yes,only________.IhavebeeninChinaforonlyonemonth.A．few B．a(chǎn)fewC．little D．a(chǎn)littleD

(二)another,other,theother,others,theothers的用法與區(qū)別，

見(jiàn)下表：不定代詞用法例句another泛指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物中不定數(shù)目的“另一個(gè)”Idon’tlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanother.不定代詞用法例句another作形容詞，

表示“另一個(gè)的”Thereisanotherwayofdealingwiththeproblem.用于“another＋few＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”中，

相當(dāng)于“some＋other/more＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，表示“再；又”I’mstayingforanotherfewweeks.不定代詞用法例句other可作形容詞或代詞，

作形容詞時(shí)，

表示“另外的”Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?WestudyChinese,math,Englishandotherlessons.不定代詞用法例句theother特指兩者中的“另一個(gè)”或兩部分中的“另一部分”Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,andtheotherisaworker.Therearesixstudentsintheclassroom.Fouraregirls,andtheothertwoareboys.后面可加單數(shù)名詞，

也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，

此時(shí)的other作形容詞Ontheothersideofthestreet,thereisatalltree.Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.不定代詞用法例句others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”，是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，

在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)Someofuslikesinginganddancing,andothersgoinforsports.theothers指整體中除去一部分后，

剩余的全部，是theother的復(fù)數(shù)形式Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.Ofthesixpeople,onewenthome,andtheotherswenttothecinema.【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．Communityserviceworkershelp________andmakeeveryonefeelbetter.A．a(chǎn)nother B．otherC．others D．theotherC

(

)2．There’retwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica.OneisMother’sDay,and________isFather’sDay.A．theother B．a(chǎn)notherC．other D．others(

)3．Ofthethreereadingrooms,oneisnear,but_______twoarefarfromhere.A．other B．theothersC．theother D．a(chǎn)notherA

C

(

)4．Idon’tlikethissmallbag.Wouldyoupleaseshowme________?A．theother B．otherC．a(chǎn)nother D．othersC

(

)5．—Couldweseeeachotherat9o’clocktomorrowmorning?—Sorry,let’smakeit________time.A．a(chǎn)nother B．otherC．theother D．othersA

(三)one,ones,theone,theones,those,that,it等的用法不定代詞用法例句one用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，

表示泛指，

相當(dāng)于“a/an＋單數(shù)名詞”—Whohasapen?—Ihaveone.ones用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，

也表示泛指Ipreferredrosestowhiteones.不定代詞用法例句theone用來(lái)替代前面的特指的單數(shù)名詞，

有時(shí)可用that替代(尤其在有后置定語(yǔ)的情況下)Yourdictionaryismoreusefulthanthat/theone(＝thedictionary)myunclegaveme.不定代詞用法例句theones用來(lái)替代前面的特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，

有時(shí)可用those替代(尤其在有后置定語(yǔ)的情況下)Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theones(＝thebooks)underthedesk.those用來(lái)代替前面提過(guò)的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，

避免重復(fù)，

尤其在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中Thestudentsinourclassaremuchclevererthanthose(＝thestudents)intheirclass.不定代詞用法例句that用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的特指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或特指的不可數(shù)名詞，

相當(dāng)于“the＋單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthanthatinthecity.it替代“the＋單數(shù)名詞”，

指前面提到的“同一”事物Thebookismine.It’sveryinteresting.【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．Manypeople’seffortmade________possibletohavethegreatsportsmeetinginGuiyang.A．it B．thisC．that D．thoseA

(

)2．—Oh,youwantapen?—OK.I’llget________foryou.A．theone B．oneC．them D．those(

)3．Yourhometownisreallynice!Theairqualityisasgoodas________ofSanya.A．it B．oneC．that D．theoneB

C

二、復(fù)合不定代詞常見(jiàn)的復(fù)合不定代詞的分類(lèi)及用法如下表：分類(lèi)用法例句指人somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everyone,everybody(1)后接else時(shí)，

表示“另外的；其他的”—Wouldyoulikesomethingelsetodrink?—Yes,I’dlikeaglassofmilk.(2)形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing等時(shí)，

應(yīng)置于這些復(fù)合不定代詞之后Idon’twanttowatchthisfilm.Thereisnothinginterestinginit.分類(lèi)用法例句指物something,nothing,anything,everything(1)不與of連用，

但every,anyone可與of連用Anyoneoftheboyscanswim.(2)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)Everyoneknowsthis,doesn’the/don’tthey?Everythingisready,isn’tit？【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．(2023宿遷，8)—Sandyiswellorganized.—Exactly.________inherroomisingoodorder.A．Something B．EverythingC．Nothing D．NoneB

(

)2．(2023營(yíng)口，5)Damingishappytodaybecausehehelped________lookforasetofkeysonhiswayhome.A．nobody B．a(chǎn)nybodyC．somebody D．everybody(

)3．Thereis________wrongwithTom’sleg.Weshouldsendhimtohospitalatonce.A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．everything D．nothingC

A

(

)4．—Isthere________elseintheclassroom?—Itisempty.________islisteningtoaspeechintheschoolhall.A．a(chǎn)nyone;Anyone B．a(chǎn)nyone;EveryoneC．everyone;Anyone D．everyone;EveryoneB

(

)5．—Didyoudo________speciallastmonth?—Yes,Ihadawonderfulparty.A．something B．a(chǎn)nythingC．nothing D．everything(

)6．—Morning,class.Is________heretoday?—No,sir.Tomisabsent.Heisillathome.A．a(chǎn)nybody B．everybodyC．nobody D．somebodyB

B

考點(diǎn)六：疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞主要用法例句who主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不能位于介詞后)Who/Whomareyoutalkingto?Whowantstogowithme？whomwho的賓格形式，

作賓語(yǔ)Towhomareyoutalking？whosewho的所有格形式，

作定語(yǔ)Whosebookisthis？疑問(wèn)代詞主要用法例句what/whowhat可用于詢(xún)問(wèn)某人的職業(yè)、事物或人的姓名等—WhatisSusan？/What’sSusan’sjob？/WhatdoesSusando?—She’sadesigner.What’sthetimenow？who詢(xún)問(wèn)某人的身份、姓名—Whoistheboyunderthetree?—HeisLiMing.疑問(wèn)代詞主要用法例句what/whichwhat指不定數(shù)目中的“哪一個(gè)；哪一些；什么”，

沒(méi)有一定范圍的限定Whatwouldyoulike？which“哪一個(gè)”，

指在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物Whichseasondoyoulikebetter,springorsummer？【針對(duì)練習(xí)】(

)1．—________doyouusuallysharehappinesswith?—Myparentsandmybestfriend.A．Who B．WhoseC．What D．HowA

(

)2．—________T-shirtisthis?—Ithinkit’sTom’s.A．Whose B．WhichC．What D．Who(

)3．—________isthisbasketball?—Perhapsit’sourEnglishteacher’s.Helikessports.A．Where B．WhoseC．How D．WhichA

B

(

)4．—________isyourfather?Doeshestillworkasanengineer?—Yes,hehasbeenanengineerforthirtyye