北京市通州區(qū)2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷

北京市通州區(qū)2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五六總分評(píng)分一、第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Samuelworkedinthetown'sbookstore.Hislifehadbeenpredictableandboring.Butonesunnymorning,thebookstoreowner1．thattheshopwouldbeclosingforgood.Samuel'sheartsank,andhefoundhimselffacingan2．future.Yetarayofhopeemerged—anopportunitytostartanew.Nothingventured,nothinggained,hethought,3．thecouragetobreaknewground.Withanewfounddetermination,Samueldecidedtogoafterhisdreamofbecominga4．.Withpeninhandandablankpagebeforehim,Samuelpouredhissouloutontothepaper.He5．talesofadventure,loveandself-discovery.Ashewrote,hegavelifetothecharactersthatdancedacrossthepage.6．,anunexpectedopportunitypresenteditself.Alocalpublishinghouse,charmedbySamuel'sstories,offeredhima7．tosharehiswork.Hetookaleapoffaithandsaidyes!"Outwiththeoldandinwiththenew"becameSamuel'spetphrase.Theonce-shyclerk8．a(chǎn)confidentauthor.Hisbooksfoundtheirwayintothehandsofreadersnearandfar,touchingheartsandigniting（點(diǎn)燃）passions.Samuel's9．didn'tcomewithoutchallenges,butherememberedthesaying,"Whenonedoorcloses,anotheropens."Eachcloseddoorbecameanopportunityforgrowthandasteppingstonetoevengreaterachievements.Witheachbookhecomposed,heturnedoveranewleaf.Hisjourneyremindedeveryonethatstartinganewwasnotjustsurrendering（屈服）totheunknown.Itwasaninvitationto10．a(chǎn)lifefilledwithpurposeandfulfillment.1．A．permitted B．complained C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．a(chǎn)nnounced2．A．unusual B．uncertain C．impossible D．unrealistic3．A．gathering B．lacking C．a(chǎn)dmiring D．recalling4．A．clerk B．painter C．novelist D．publisher5．A．penned B．heard C．provided D．concluded6．A．Frequently B．Eventually C．Obviously D．Normally7．A．chance B．solution C．condition D．right8．A．dependedon B．knewaboutC．learnedfrom D．transformedinto9．A．exploration B．curiosity C．success D．dignity10．A．change B．repeat C．create D．evaluate二、第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Astrongworkethic（道德）isvitaltoacompany.Certain11．（factor）cometogethertocreateastrongworkethic.Asenseofresponsibilityisafactor.Itaffects12．a(chǎn)nemployeeworks.Whentheemployeefeels13．（personal）responsibleforhisjobperformance,heshowsupontimeandcompletesprojectstothebestofhisability.Asenseofteamworkisanotherfactor.Anemployeewithahighsenseofteamworkhelpsateammeetitsgoals.Theseemployeesrespectandhelpeachother,14．（make）cooperationgosmoother.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。NiagaraFallsisagroupoffalls,15．（compose）ofthreefalls.ItreferstotheHorseshoeFallsontheNiagaraRiveroftheCanadiansideandtheAmericanFallsandtheBridalVeilFallsontheNiagaraRiveroftheAmericanside.InthemiddleoftheNiagaraRiverthereisanislandnamedGoatIsland,16．dividestheNiagaraRiverintotheHorseshoeandAmericanFalls.Theislandprovidescloseaccess17．theHorseshoeandtheBridalVeilFalls.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Afewyearsago,Nikedecidedtocreateanewuniformthatwouldhelpathletestogofaster.Theaimwas18．（reduce）windresistance.TheSwiftSuitismale.fromseveraldifferentfabrics.Sinceitscreation,manyworld-classathletes19．（run）intheSwiftSuit.ThefamousathleteCathyFreeman20．（wear）herfull-lengthgreenandsilversuitwhenshecompetedinthe400metressprint（短跑）attheSydney2000Olympicsandwongold.三、第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ManythingscometomindwhenIthinkofagreatvacation.Impressivesceneryanddeliciousfoodarecertainlyonmylist.Thosetwofeaturescan'talwaysbefoundinthesamelocation.However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.TheRock.ZanzibarOnanenormousstoneoffthecoastoftheEastAfricanislandofZanzibarsitsTheRock.Thefreshestseafood,muchofitstraightfromthesurroundingocean,isalwaysavailablehere.Freshlobster,prawns,octopussaladandcalamariarejustafewoftheappetizingdiningoptions.Atlowtide,customerscanwalkouttoTheRock.Asthewaterrises,though,customersmusttakeashortboatridetoit.Oncetheyarrive,they'regreetedbyfriendlystaffand360-degreeviewsofbeautifulblue-greenwater.TheRock,sometimescalledthe"floatingrestaurant,"isavailableforweddingsandothersmallgroupevents.TheLabasinWaterfallsRestaurant,PhilippinesStunningwaterfallssometimeshaverestaurantsatthetop.ButtheLabasinWaterfalls,inSanPabloCity,Philippines,aredifferent.Arestaurantsitsatthebottomofthesefalls.GuestsdineonauthenticFilipinomealsatbambootablesthatstandrightinthewater.Theycooltheirfeetinthewaterthatflowsundertheirtables.Thesurroundingjunglemakesaperfectbackgroundforthisone-of-a-kinddiningexperience.TheGrotto,ThailandTheGrottoRestaurantonThailand'sPhraNangBeachoffersdeliciousfoodandanincrediblediningexperience.Therestaurantispartlypositionedinsideacaveandpartlyonthebeach.GuestsseatedtowardthefrontlookoutatHappyIslandinthelovelyAndamanSea.Thoseseatedatthebackenjoyanauthenticcave-diningexperience.Comfortabletablesarearrangedinsidethecave.InternationalfoodwithaThaiinfluenceisfeatured.Foryournexttravel-and-diningadventure,whynotmakeareservationatoneoftheseuniquerestaurants?21．WhatdoweknowaboutTheRock?A．Itislocatedonanenormousship.B．Itissuitableforholdingaweddingcelebration.C．Customerscanwalkouttotherestaurantallthetime.D．Thetablesstandrightinthebeautifulblue-greenwater.22．Whatdothethreerestaurantshaveincommon?A．Customerscanenjoythebeautifulviewsofthesea.B．Shortboatridesareneededtogettotheserestaurants.C．Theyofferthefreshestseafoodfromthesurroundingocean.D．Theyintegratedeliciousfoodwithincrediblediningexperiences.23．Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A．Tocallonreaderstovisittheuniquerestaurants.B．Topresentavailablerestaurantsforreaderstoworkin.C．Tointroducethedeliciousfoodofferedintherestaurants.D．Toremindpeopletotakeabreakfromthebusyschedules.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenEmmawokeup,sheknewitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.Shefeltunwell—acoldhadtakenholdofher.Still,sheneededtobravethestormofresponsibilitiesatwork.Emmadraggedherselfoutofbedandgotreadyforwork.Thensheputonherraincoatandwentoutintothepouringrain.Asshewalked,shefoughtagainstthebadweather.Emma'sumbrellawasalmostuselessasitwasrainingcatsanddogs.Thenlikeaboltfromtheblue,thewindblewitinsideout.Shewasimmediatelywetfromheadtotoe.Shesaidtoherselfinaquietvoice."Whatadaytoforgetmyrainboots!"Attheoffice,thedaywasasstormyastheweather.Shehadamountainoftasks.Handlingendlessemailsandphonecallsshouldhavebeenalightwind.Butbeforelong,shewasdesperatetotakeabreaksoshecouldgetasecondwind.Then,atexactlythemoment,hercoworkerAlexcametoherrescue.Alexwasnotafair-weatherfriendbutwasalwaysreadytolendahand.Withawarmsmile,heofferedtohelpEmma.HavingAlexassistherwaslikearayofsunshineonarainyday.Theirlaughterandgood-fellowshipastheycompletedtheirtasksmadethehourspassquickly.Onherwayhome,Emmareflectedontheday,whichhadendedupbeingsurprisinglypleasant.Sherealizedthateveryclouddidindeedhaveasilverlining.Today,thatsilverlininghadbeenherwonderfulcolleague,Alex.WhenEmmaarrivedhome,shedecidedtosendAlexaheartfeltmessageofappreciation.Shewrote,"Thanksforbeingmyrayofsunshineinthisrainyday!"Itwasasimplemessage,butitcarriedalotofmeaning.Thatnight,listeningtoitraincatsanddogsoutside,Emmacouldn'thelpbutsmile.ShehadweatheredthestormwithAlex'shelp.24．WhydidEmmagettotallywet?A．Becausesheforgottotakeherumbrella.B．Becauseshedidn'twearherraincoat.C．Becauseherrainbootswerebroken.D．Becausethewindwastoostrong.25．WhathappenedtoEmmaandAlexattheoffice?A．Theyfinishedtheassignmentswithjoy.B．Theytookabreaktorefreshthemselves.C．Theytalkedabouttheweatherwhileperformingtasks.D．AlexcametorescueEmmabecauseshewasindinger.26．HowdidEmmafeelatlast?A．Gratefulandwarm. B．Pleasedandamused.C．Shockedandconfused. D．Confidentanddetermined.27．Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A．Saveforarainyday.B．Hardworkpaysoff.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Memoriesarefunny,aren'tthey?Youcanbegoingalong,mindingyourbusiness,andthen,allofasudden,amemorypopsintoyourhead.Sometimesmemoriesaretriggered（觸發(fā)）byasongthatremindsyouofthesettingwhereyoufirstheardit.Oritmaybeasmellthatmakesyouthinkofadeliciousmealwithyourfriendsorfamily.Perhapshearingkidsarguingmakesyourememberanunhappysituationwithchildhoodfriends.Thesespontaneous（自發(fā)的）memoriescanhe"sweet,"ortheymightbe"sour."Didyoueverwonderwhat'sgoingoninyourbrainthatmakesyourmemoriesproducepositiveornegativeemotions?ResearchersattheSalkInstituteforBiologicaStudiesinCaliforniahavemadeadiscoverythatcouldhelptouncoverthissecret.Theexplanationisabittechnical（forthoseofuswhoarenotbrainscientists）,butbasicallyitallfocusesonasinglemolecule（分子）calledneurotensin（神經(jīng)降壓素）.Oursurroundingenvironmentisconstantlypresentingourbrainwithstimuli（刺激）.Themoleculeneurotensinactsasakeyindicatorofwhetheranexperienceislabeledaspositiveornegative,dependingonthenatureofthestimuli.Ourbrainsubsequentlyassociatessimilarstimuliwiththepleasantorpainfulmemorythatweexperienced.ThestudybytheSalkInstitutewaspublishedinthejournalNature.Thefocusoftheirexperimentswasthebraincircuitryoflaboratorymice.Afterasoundwasplayed,themicereceivedeitherapleasantswallowofsugarywateror,anunpleasantelectricalshockorpuffofair.TheresearchersdiscoveredthatneurotensinwasthesignalthatassociatedthesoundwithrewardorwithpunishmentWhenthegene（基因）thatregulatesneurotensinwasremovedfromthemice'sbrains,theyhadmoredifficultyconnectingthesoundwiththesugarywater.However,thenegativeresponseswereenhanced.Understandinghowneuronsinthebrainrespondtoneurotensincouldhaveinfluencesonone'smentalhealth.Addictionsmaybecausedbyoverlyhighlevelsofneurotensin（connectedwithpositiverewards）.Ontheotherhand,depressionandanxietycanresultwhendecreasedlevelsofneurotensinallownegative.responsestodominate.Thus,regulatingneurotensincould.helptomaintainmentalstability.Oneotherthing:Theresearchstudyshowedthatthebrainmaytendtobeapessimist,focusingonfearfulmemoriesthatcausenegativeemotionalresponses.Perhapsinsightsintoneurotensinwillhelpushavefewersourmemoriesandmoresweetones.28．Whatisthefunctionofneurotensin?A．Toprovideourbrainwithstimuli.B．Toindicatethecategoryofanexperience.C．Tofocusonthesurroundingenvironment.D．Toassociatethestimuliwithourmemory.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Addictionsandanxietymayberelatedtodifferentlevelsofneurotensin.B．Themiceweregivenbothsugarywaterandanelectricalshockafterhearingasound.C．Asthegenewhichcontrolsneurotensindisappeared,thenegativeresponsesdecreased.D．Thebrainprefersconnectingwithfearfulmemorieswhichproduceunexpectedemotions.30．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Whathappensinourbraintoformourmemory.B．Whatthediscoveryofmemorycandoformentalhealth.C．Howbrainconnectsourmemorywithdifferentemotions.D．Howweregulateneurotensintomakeushavegoodemotions.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Inthisageofsocialmedia,everyonehasfollowedthereviewtrend.Nearlyeverybusinessorwebsitepersuadescustomerstoleavereviewsastheycandrivetraffictothesiteorbusiness.TheonlinebusinessdirectoryYelp,whichgets178millionmonthlyvisitors,invitesanyonewithacellphonetoleaveareviewofabusinessorrestaurant.Butbynomeansarenegativereviewsalwayshonest.Somepeoplethreatentogiveabadreviewtoextort（敲詐）discountedorfreefoodfromarestaurant.Somethenfollowthroughwhentheirdemandsarenotmet.Buttherearetwosidestoeverystory.OneDenverchefdecidedtorespondtobadreviewsathisrestaurant.Asitturnedout,somecustomerswholeftbadreviewsdeservedbadreviewsthemselves.Onecustomer'sterriblereviewclaimedthatthefoodattherestaurantwassoawfulthathedidn'teatasinglebite.Thecheflookedthroughthemonitorandfoundclearevidencethathehadeateneverybite!Inresponse,thechefcalledoutthedissatisfiedcustomerinhisownnegativereview.Sincethechefstartedrespondingtoallhisnegativereviews,businessathisrestauranthasnearlydoubled.Tellingpeoplewhatyouthinkofthemastheresultofabadreviewcanbackfireonyou,especiallywhenabadreviewisjustified.Reviewsareimportantbecause94percentofdinersreadonlinereviewsbeforetheydecidewheretoeat.Butbadreviewsappearformanyreasons.Thereviewermaybehavingabadday,orthechefmaybesickandthesubstitute（代替者）couldn'tfillhisshoes,sothecuisinesuffered.Orperhapstheservicewasn'tasgoodasusual.Theworst-casesceneisthatthereviewerwantstopunishtherestaurantonpurposeforsomeslight,realorimagined.Sooneortwobadreviewsneedtobetakenwithagrainofsalt.Manynegativereviews,however,indicateaproblem.Sowhatisarestauranteurtodo?Firstgiveanhonestassessmentofanynegativereviews.Takeastepbackandaskifthewriterhasmadeanyvalidpoints.Arethereareasforimprovement?Iftheanswerisyes,makeadjustments.Reviewersthemselvesneedtobehonestandconstructive.Thegoalshouldbetoimprovethesituation,notjustblowoffsteam.31．TheauthormentionsYelpinParagraph1to____.A．introducethetopic B．predicttheendingC．evaluateanargument D．supportastatement32．Regardingnegativereviewstorestaurants,theauthoris____.A．positive B．objective C．negative D．doubtful33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"valid"inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A．Philosophical. B．Identical. C．Reasonable. D．Legal.34．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhotoBeResponsibleforBadReviews?B．WhentoRespondtoBadReviews?C．HowtoCriticiseBadReviews?D．WhattoDowithBadReviews?四、第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beforeyouheadouttoafuneventwheretherewillbemanypeople,youshouldbeawareofthedangersofacrowdcrush（擁擠的人群）,whosepossibilityaddsupduringthefestivalsoronsomecelebratingoccasions.Thoughtheriskofcrowdcrushisrare,itcanbedeadlywhenithappens.Crowdcrushoccurswhenmanypeoplearepackedtogetherandbegintofalloveroneanother.Inthepast,suchinstanceshavecausedhorribleinjuryandevendeath.35．.Beforeattendingacrowdedevent,lookupamapofthevenue.36．Onceyouarrive,choosingtherightspotcanbecrucial.Avoidthemiddleorfront;instead,pickthebackoredgesofacrowd.Itsalsoimportanttotrustyourfeelings.Stayawaretoseeifyoufeelpackedinatanypoint.Themorecrowdedtheeventbecomes,thesooneryoumayneedtomovetoasafeplace.37．.Themostimportantthingyoucandoisstayonyourfeet.Todothis,spreadyourfeetapartandbendyourkneesalittle.Alsomakesuretomovewiththeflowofthecrowd.Tryingtomoveagainstacrowdofpeoplewillonlyendindisaster.Helpingothersisanothergreatwaytokeepeveryonesafe.Onceonepersonfallsdown,morepeopletendtofalloverthem.38．.Acommoncauseofdeathinacrowdcrushisn'tbeingcrushedbutratherlosingairIt'sbesttoholdoutyourarmsinfrontofyourchest.39．Italsoprotectsyourchestandlungsfrombeingcrushedonthegroundshouldyoufall.Thereisusuallyfunwherethecrowdsare,soenjoyyourself.Butmeanwhile,itisalsoimportanttoremembertostayalertandtakecareofyourfamilymemberswhenyousensethesmellofdanger.A.Ifyoudoendupinacrush,here'showyoucanstaysafe.B.Thisallowsspacebetweenyouandthepersoninfrontofyou.C.Soifyourneighborinthecrowdfallstotheground,helpthemup.D.Seekingforasaferplacetakessometimeandissometimeschallenging.E.Toavoidsuchanoutcome,it'sbesttoescapethecrushbeforeithappens.F.Theshortageofairmeanslessoxygen,whichwillleadtoseriousconsequences.G.Thiswillgiveyouanideaofthesurroundings—payspecialattentiontoanyexits.五、第三部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Frombirth,everypersonneedsotherhumanbeings.Babiesneedtobecaredfortosurvive.Theirfirstconnectionsusuallycomefromparentsandotherfamilymembers.Butaschildrengrowup,theyspendmoretimewithothers.Andtheymayormaynotfeelconnectedtothepeopletheyseeeveryday.Somepeoplefeeldifferentfromorrejectedbytheirneighbors,peopletheyworkwithoreventheirfamilies.Peoplewhodon'tfeelliketheybelongoftenfeellonely,evenwhenothersarearound.Peoplefinddifferentwaystomeettheirnaturaldesiretobelongtoagroup.Somerelyontheirfamilieswhileothersfindcommunitiesbasedonotherinterests.Thesecanincludesharedgoals,lifeexperiencesorpopularculture.Youneedothersformanyreasons.Communitymemberscanofferadviceorpracticalhelpwhenyougothroughdifficulttimes.YoucanalsogrowasapersonfromhelpingothersSowhatcanyoudoifyoulackasenseofbelonging?Thefirststepwillusuallybetomakeaconsciousefforttoreachouttoothers.Youcouldjoingroupsbasedoninterestsyoushare.Oryoucouldcontactanindividualwithwhomyouhavesomethingincommonanddecidewhentomeetup.Thismaybeuncomfortableatfirst,butaswithmostthings,itbecomeseasierwithpractice.Focusingonothersmorethanonyourselfmayhelp.Askquestionsthatshowyoucareaboutothers'lives.Thiswillhelpthemfeelvalued.Ifyouareshy,itwillspareyoufromhavingtotalkaboutyourselftoomuch.Findingcommunityrequiresawillingnesstoacceptothers.Butitisalsoimportanttoremaintruetoyourself.Ifapersonalwayshideshisorhertruethoughtsandfeelingstofitin,howcouldheorshefeelasenseofbelonging?Anditwillbemucheasierifyouaskyourselfwhatmattersmosttoyou.Findingaplacewhereyoubelongmaynotbeeasy.Butitwillhelpyouliveahappier,morefulfilledlife.Soifyouaretheonelookingforit,don'tlosehearteasilysinceittrulydeservestheeffort.40．Wherearebabies'firstconnectionsusuallyfrom?41．Whydoyouneedothers?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Focusingonothersmorethanonyourselfmayhelpwhenyouarefindingcommunity,soyoushouldignoreyourtruefeelingsorthoughtsduringthisprocess.43．Giveanexampletoillustratewhatbenefit（s）havingasenseofbelonginghasbroughtyou.（Inabout40words）六、第二節(jié)【答案】44．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你?？萍忌鐖F(tuán)將要組織一次以"人工智能（AI）與未來(lái)生活"為主題的活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你用英文給你校交換生Jim寫(xiě)一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；2.活動(dòng)目的和內(nèi)容。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．D；2．B；3．A；4．C；5．A；6．B；7．A；8．D；9．C；10．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了塞繆爾的書(shū)籍廣受歡迎，激勵(lì)人們追求充滿(mǎn)目標(biāo)和滿(mǎn)足的生活。他的經(jīng)歷告訴我們，每一次重新開(kāi)始都是成長(zhǎng)和成就的契機(jī)

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。1．句意：但是在一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的早晨，書(shū)店老板宣布書(shū)店將永遠(yuǎn)關(guān)閉。A.permitted"允許"；B.complained"抱怨"；C.admitted"承認(rèn)"；D.announced"宣布"。根據(jù)空后"theshopwouldbeclosingforgood."可知書(shū)店老板宣布書(shū)店將永遠(yuǎn)關(guān)閉。故選D。2．句意：塞繆爾的心沉了下去，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己面臨著一個(gè)不確定的未來(lái)。A.unusual"不同尋常的"；B.uncertain"不確定的"；C.impossible"不可能的"；D.unrealistic"不真實(shí)的"。根據(jù)上文"Butonesunnymorning，thebookstoreowner1thattheshopwouldbeclosingforgood"可知但是在一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的早晨，書(shū)店老板宣布書(shū)店將永遠(yuǎn)關(guān)閉。說(shuō)明塞繆爾發(fā)現(xiàn)自己面臨著一個(gè)不確定的未來(lái)。故選B。3．句意：不入虎穴，焉得虎子，他想，鼓起勇氣開(kāi)辟新天地。A.gathering"聚集"；B.lacking"缺乏"；C.admiring"欣賞"；D.recalling"回憶"。根據(jù)空后"thecouragetobreaknewground"可知他鼓起勇氣開(kāi)辟新天地。故選A。4．句意：帶著新發(fā)現(xiàn)的決心，塞繆爾決定追求成為小說(shuō)家的夢(mèng)想。A.clerk"員工"；B.painter"畫(huà)家"；C.novelist"小說(shuō)家"；D.publisher"出版商"。根據(jù)下文"Hisbooksfoundtheirwayintothehandsofreadersnearandfar，touchingheartsandigniting（點(diǎn)燃）passions."可知他的書(shū)進(jìn)入了遠(yuǎn)近讀者的手中，打動(dòng)人心，點(diǎn)燃激情。說(shuō)明塞繆爾決定追求成為小說(shuō)家的夢(mèng)想。故選C。5．句意：他寫(xiě)了冒險(xiǎn)、愛(ài)情和自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的故事。A.penned"寫(xiě)"；B.heard"聽(tīng)到"；C.provided"提供"；D.concluded"總結(jié)"。根據(jù)上文"Withpeninhandandablankpagebeforehim，Samuelpouredhissouloutontothepaper"可知手里拿著筆，面前是一張白紙，塞繆爾把自己的靈魂傾注在紙上。說(shuō)明他寫(xiě)了冒險(xiǎn)、愛(ài)情和自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的故事。故選A。6．句意：最終，一個(gè)意想不到的機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)了。A.Frequently"頻繁地"；B.Eventually"最后"；C.Obviously"明顯地"；D.Normally"正常地"。根據(jù)空后"anunexpectedopportunitypresenteditself"可知最終，一個(gè)意想不到的機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)了。故選B。7．句意：一家當(dāng)?shù)爻霭嫔绫蝗姞柕墓适滤?，為他提供了一個(gè)分享作品的機(jī)會(huì)。A.chance"機(jī)會(huì)"；B.solution"解決方法"；C.condition"狀況"；D.right"權(quán)利"。根據(jù)上文"6，anunexpectedopportunitypresenteditself."可知最終，一個(gè)意想不到的機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)了。說(shuō)明一家當(dāng)?shù)爻霭嫔鐬樗峁┝艘粋€(gè)分享作品的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。8．句意：這個(gè)曾經(jīng)害羞的職員變成了一個(gè)自信的作家。A.dependedon"依靠"；B.knewabout"了解"；C.learnedfrom"向……學(xué)習(xí)"；D.transformedinto"轉(zhuǎn)變成"。根據(jù)空后"aconfidentauthor"可知這個(gè)曾經(jīng)害羞的職員變成了一個(gè)自信的作家。故選D。9．句意：塞繆爾的成功并非沒(méi)有挑戰(zhàn)，但他記得這句諺語(yǔ)，"當(dāng)一扇門(mén)關(guān)閉時(shí)，另一扇門(mén)會(huì)打開(kāi)。"A.exploration"探索"；B.curiosity"好奇"；C.success"成功"；D.dignity"尊嚴(yán)"。根據(jù)上文"Hisbooksfoundtheirwayintothehandsofreadersnearandfar，touchingheartsandigniting（點(diǎn)燃）passions."可知他的書(shū)進(jìn)入了遠(yuǎn)近讀者的手中，打動(dòng)人心，點(diǎn)燃激情。說(shuō)明塞繆爾的成功并非沒(méi)有挑戰(zhàn)，故選C。10．句意：這是一個(gè)創(chuàng)造充滿(mǎn)目標(biāo)和滿(mǎn)足感的生活的邀請(qǐng)。A.change"改變"；B.repeat"重復(fù)"；C.create"創(chuàng)造"；D.evaluate"評(píng)估"。根據(jù)上文"Hisbooksfoundtheirwayintothehandsofreadersnearandfar，touchingheartsandigniting（點(diǎn)燃）passions."可知他的書(shū)進(jìn)入了遠(yuǎn)近讀者的手中，打動(dòng)人心，點(diǎn)燃激情。說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)創(chuàng)造充滿(mǎn)目標(biāo)和滿(mǎn)足感的生活的邀請(qǐng)。故選C?！敬鸢浮?1．factors；12．how；13．personally；14．making【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了構(gòu)成強(qiáng)烈的職業(yè)道德的因素。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及名詞，賓語(yǔ)從句，副詞以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。11．句意：某些因素共同造就了強(qiáng)烈的職業(yè)道德。factor為可數(shù)名詞，前面有certain"某些"，所以用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，此處作主語(yǔ)，故填factors。12．句意：它會(huì)影響員工的工作方式。anemployeeworks是賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中表示"如何"，所以用how引導(dǎo)，故填how。13．句意：當(dāng)員工感到對(duì)自己的工作表現(xiàn)負(fù)有個(gè)人責(zé)任時(shí)，他就會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)出現(xiàn)，并盡其所能完成項(xiàng)目。修飾形容詞，所以用副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，故填personally。14．句意：這些員工互相尊重，互相幫助，使合作更加順利。指代前面句子的直接結(jié)果，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，故填making。【答案】15．composed；16．which；17．to【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了尼亞加拉瀑布。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，定語(yǔ)從句，介詞等知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。15．句意：尼亞加拉瀑布是一個(gè)瀑布群，由三個(gè)瀑布組成。becomposedof固定短語(yǔ)，"由……組成"，此處compose和它所修飾的詞agroupoffalls在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)，故填composed。16．句意：在尼亞加拉河的中央有一個(gè)叫做山羊島的島嶼，它把尼亞加拉河分為馬蹄瀑布和美國(guó)瀑布。dividestheNiagaraRiverintotheHorseshoeandAmericanFalls是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為GoatIsland，指物，在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用which引導(dǎo)，故填which。17．句意：該島提供了接近馬蹄瀑布和新娘面紗瀑布的通道。access常和介詞to連用，表示"去往……的通道"，故填to?！敬鸢浮?8．toreduce；19．haverun；20．wore【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了耐克公司設(shè)計(jì)的一種幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員跑得更快的新制服——SwiftSuit。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)，主謂一致等知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。18．句意：其目的是減少風(fēng)的阻力。此處為動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)，表示將來(lái)的事情，故填toreduce。19．句意：自誕生以來(lái)，許多世界級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員都穿著SwiftSuit跑步。此處是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Sinceitscreation，可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為名詞復(fù)數(shù)athletes，所以助動(dòng)詞為have，故填haverun。20．句意：著名運(yùn)動(dòng)員凱西?弗里曼在2000年悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)上參加400米短跑比賽時(shí)，穿著她的綠色和銀色的全套服裝，并贏得了金牌。此處和won是并列作謂語(yǔ)，描述過(guò)去的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故填wore。【答案】21．B22．D23．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了三個(gè)集美景和美食于一體的戶(hù)外餐廳。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類(lèi)閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。21．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheRock.Zanzibar部分中的"TheRock,sometimescalledthe‘floatingrestaurant,'isavailableforweddingsandothersmallgroupevents."TheRock，有時(shí)被稱(chēng)為"浮動(dòng)餐廳"，可用于婚禮和其他小型團(tuán)體活動(dòng)。可知，該飯店可以舉行小型的宴會(huì)。故選B。

22．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants."然而，以下三家餐廳的菜單上都有令人驚嘆的景色和美味的食物；以及三家餐廳的介紹中提到的與views和food內(nèi)容相關(guān)的詞匯，可知，這三家餐廳都是集美景和美食于一體的獨(dú)特餐廳。故選D。23．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)全文可知，本文的目的是為讀者介紹獨(dú)特的餐廳。故選A?！敬鸢浮?4．D25．A26．A27．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了艾瑪醒來(lái)時(shí)感到身體不適，但仍然堅(jiān)持在惡劣的天氣中前往工作，面對(duì)繁忙的任務(wù)。幸運(yùn)的是，同事亞歷克斯伸出援手，讓她的心情明朗起來(lái)。在亞歷克斯的幫助下，艾瑪度過(guò)了愉快的一天，并在晚上向他表達(dá)了深深的感激，感謝他在陰雨日子里為她帶來(lái)的陽(yáng)光。在雨夜中，艾瑪因有亞歷克斯的陪伴而感到溫暖，不禁微笑。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。24．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Thenlikeaboltfromtheblue，thewindblewitinsideout.Shewasimmediatelywetfromheadtotoe."然后像晴天霹靂一樣，風(fēng)把它吹翻了。她立即從頭到腳濕透了?？芍?yàn)轱L(fēng)太大了，艾瑪全身濕透了。故選D。25．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Theirlaughterandgood-fellowshipastheycompletedtheirtasksmadethehourspassquickly."他們完成任務(wù)時(shí)的笑聲和友誼使時(shí)間過(guò)得很快?？芍k公室的艾瑪和亞歷克斯愉快地完成了任務(wù)。故選A。26．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"WhenEmmaarrivedhome，shedecidedtosendAlexaheartfeltmessageofappreciation.Shewrote，"Thanksforbeingmyrayofsunshineinthisrainyday!"Itwasasimplemessage，butitcarriedalotofmeaning."艾瑪?shù)郊液?，決定給亞歷克斯發(fā)一封衷心的感謝信。她寫(xiě)道："謝謝你在這個(gè)雨天做我的一縷陽(yáng)光！"這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的信息，但它承載了很多意義?？芍詈蟀攲?duì)此感到感激和溫暖。故選A。27．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Thatnight，listeningtoitraincatsanddogsoutside，Emmacouldn'thelpbutsmile.ShehadweatheredthestormwithAlex'shelp."那天晚上，聽(tīng)著外面下著傾盆大雨，艾瑪忍不住笑了。在亞歷克斯的幫助下，她度過(guò)了難關(guān)。可知從這篇文章中我們得出結(jié)論，患難見(jiàn)真情。故選D?！敬鸢浮?8．B29．A30．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了記憶是如何被各種刺激觸發(fā)的，以及一種名為神經(jīng)降壓素的單一分子如何將經(jīng)歷標(biāo)記為積極或消極，從而影響我們的心理健康。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇科普類(lèi)閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。28．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Oursurroundingenvironmentisconstantlypresentingourbrainwithstimuli（刺激）.Themoleculeneurotensinactsasakeyindicatorofwhetheranexperienceislabeledaspositiveornegative，dependingonthenatureofthestimuli.Ourbrainsubsequentlyassociatessimilarstimuliwiththepleasantorpainfulmemorythatweexperienced."我們周?chē)沫h(huán)境不斷向我們的大腦提供刺激。根據(jù)刺激的性質(zhì)，分子神經(jīng)降壓素是一種體驗(yàn)被標(biāo)記為積極或消極的關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)。我們的大腦隨后將類(lèi)似的刺激與我們經(jīng)歷的愉快或痛苦的記憶聯(lián)系起來(lái)?？芍窠?jīng)降壓素的功能是指示一種體驗(yàn)的類(lèi)別。故選B。29．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Addictionsmaybecausedbyoverlyhighlevelsofneurotensin（connectedwithpositiverewards）.Ontheotherhand，depressionandanxietycanresultwhendecreasedlevelsofneurotensinallownegativeresponsestodominate."成癮可能是由過(guò)高水平的神經(jīng)降壓素（與積極獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)有關(guān)）引起的。另一方面，當(dāng)神經(jīng)降壓素水平下降導(dǎo)致負(fù)面反應(yīng)占主導(dǎo)地位時(shí)，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致抑郁和焦慮。可知成癮和焦慮可能與不同水平的神經(jīng)降壓素有關(guān)。故選A。30．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Understandinghowneuronsinthebrainrespondtoneurotensincouldhaveinfluencesonone'smentalhealth"了解大腦神經(jīng)元對(duì)神經(jīng)降壓素的反應(yīng)如何影響一個(gè)人的心理健康；以及最后一段"Perhapsinsightsintoneurotensinwillhelpushavefewersourmemoriesandmoresweetones."也許對(duì)神經(jīng)