第10講-Unit4詞匯和完形填空(外研版2019選擇必修1)(原卷版)

第10講Unit4Meetingthemuse提前預(yù)習(xí)新外研版選擇必修一Unit4的詞匯和閱讀掌握高二閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析方法和完形填空（記敘文）解題方法一．重點(diǎn)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1.quoten.2.floatv.3.folkadj.4.talen.5.motionn.6.composev.7.crouch8.peacock9.princess10.ethnic11.abstractadj.12.wiren.13.cablen.14.awe-inspiring15.innovationn.16.innovativeadj.17.trend18.contrastn.19.Greek20.appreciatev.21.worthy22.techniciann.23.literally24.animationn.25.dawnn.26.probevt.27.distinctadj..28.descendv.29.concludev.30.delightfuladj.31.literary32.relish重點(diǎn)詞匯答案見教材詞匯表重點(diǎn)短語1．_____________在展覽2．_____________蘇醒過來；活躍起來；變得生動(dòng)有趣3．_____________各種各樣的4．_____________把……稱為5．_____________為了6．_____________使顯現(xiàn)；闡明；出版；說出7．_____________因(做)某事而感到疲倦8．_____________值得做某事9．_____________出現(xiàn)在某人腦海里，被想到10．_____________點(diǎn)亮，照亮；(使)流露出喜悅11．_____________使……開始12．_____________而不是13．_____________排隊(duì)14．_____________與……不熟悉；對(duì)……不了解15．_____________肯定地考點(diǎn)1：composev．作(曲)；組成，構(gòu)成；使平靜要點(diǎn)歸納(1)becomposedof＝bemadeupof＝consistof由……組成composeoneself使某人鎮(zhèn)定(2)composern.作曲家compositionn.組成，構(gòu)成；創(chuàng)作，作曲；作文，作品例1．【單句填空】(1)Shereworkedalotofher_____________(compose)tomakethemmoredanceableproducts.(2)Itwasthefortiethanniversaryofthedeathofthe_____________(compose)．(3)Pleasecompose_____________(you);there'snoneedtogetexcited!一句多譯這部新劇由四個(gè)部分組成，每個(gè)部分都很精彩。(4)Thenewplay_____________fourparts,eachofwhichisveryfascinating.(5)Thenewplay_____________fourparts,eachofwhichisveryfascinating.(6)Thenewplay_____________fourparts,eachofwhichisveryfascinating.考點(diǎn)2：contrastn．反差，對(duì)比v．對(duì)比，對(duì)照要點(diǎn)歸納(1)incontrastwith/to與……相比(對(duì)照)bycontrast與……相反；相比之下(相當(dāng)于副詞)(2)contrastwith與……形成對(duì)照contrast...with/and...把……與……相對(duì)比(3)contrastingadj.(在式樣、顏色或態(tài)度上)極不相同的，迥異的例2．【單句填空】(1)Contrastfresh_____________frozenvegetablesandyou'llfindthefreshonestastebetter.(2)Mostpeopleworkbecauseit'sunavoidable._____________contrast,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.(3)Thiscoldweathercontrasts_____________lastweek'sheat.(4)Theyhold_____________(contrast)viewsonwhethertobuythehouseornot.補(bǔ)全句子(5)_____________hisbrother,Peterisrathertall.與他的哥哥相比，彼得的個(gè)子相當(dāng)高?？键c(diǎn)3：distinctadj.清晰的；明顯不同的要點(diǎn)歸納(1)distinctlyadv.明顯地；無疑地，確實(shí)地(2)distinctionn.區(qū)別；差別；特性；榮譽(yù)，獎(jiǎng)賞(3)distinguishv.區(qū)分；辨別；使杰出，使表現(xiàn)突出distinguish...from...顯示出特性；將……與……區(qū)別開(4)distinguishedadj.著名的；卓著的；高貴的distinguishingadj.有區(qū)別的distinguishableadj.可區(qū)別的；辨認(rèn)得出的；可辨識(shí)的例3【單句填空】(1)Butthetruthisthatdogsareable_____________(distinguish)coloursjustnotinthesamewaywedo.(2)Theseanimalshavea_____________(distinction)abilityofprotectingthemselvesfrombeingextinct.(3)Iamsopuzzledaboutthingsthatare_____________(distinct)shiny.(4)Whatdoeshemeanintermsofthis_____________(distinct)?補(bǔ)全句子(5)Theycaneven_____________theirmother'svoice_____________thatofafemalestranger.他們甚至能分辨出自己母親和陌生女性的聲音?？键c(diǎn)4：passdown把……一代傳一代，使流傳要點(diǎn)歸納passaway去世passby經(jīng)過(……旁邊)；通過passout昏迷，失去知覺passup放過，放棄，錯(cuò)過(邀請(qǐng)、機(jī)會(huì)等)例4【單句填空】(1)Ithinkitwouldbeagreatpitytopass_____________uptheopportunitytobeadmittedwithouttakingtheexam.(2)InoticedthegirlwascryingwhenIpassed_____________justnow.(3)Hewasbornin1921andpassed_____________peacefullyattheageof90in2011.(4)Shepassed_____________whensheheardthebadnews.補(bǔ)全句子(5)Thetradition_____________forhundredsofyears.這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)已經(jīng)傳承了幾百年了?？键c(diǎn)5：cometolife蘇醒過來；活躍起來；變得生動(dòng)有趣要點(diǎn)歸納(1)cometo(oneself)蘇醒過來comebacktolife蘇醒過來；復(fù)活whenitcomesto...當(dāng)談及……(2)bringsth(back)tolife使……生動(dòng)；使……恢復(fù)生機(jī)例5【單句填空】寫出下面句中黑體部分的含義/單句語法填空(1)Whenthechildrenheardthattheirteachercametolife,thewholeclasscametolifeatonce._____________(2)Whenitcomes_____________education,themajorityofpeoplebelievethateducationisalifetimestudy.(3)Aftertheearthquake,thegovernmenttrieditsbesttobringthevillageback_____________life.補(bǔ)全句子(4)Themomentwelearntthatwewouldtakepartinthefarmworkprogramme,_____________.得知我們將參加農(nóng)場(chǎng)活動(dòng)時(shí)，我們都活躍起來?？键c(diǎn)6：bringout使顯現(xiàn)；闡明；出版；說出要點(diǎn)歸納bringup養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)；提出bringsthback使某物恢復(fù)；帶回某物；使想起某事bringdown降低；使倒下bringin引入；賺(錢)bringabout導(dǎo)致；引起例6【單句填空】用bring的相關(guān)短語填空(1)(2020·天津卷)Thecompanyiswillingto_____________thenewtechnologyifitcanbeshowntoreduceproductioncosts.(2)Iwasn'tgoingtotalkaboutmoney,butsinceitwas_____________,Ithinkit'ssomethingweshouldreallydiscuss.(3)Thekindnessofstrangershasdonemuchto_____________myfaithinhumanity.(4)TheInternethas_____________bigchangesinthewaywework.補(bǔ)全句子(5)WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas_____________inherasadoctor.在非洲與醫(yī)療隊(duì)的合作使她成為一名優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生?？键c(diǎn)7：lightup點(diǎn)亮，照亮；(使)流露出喜悅要點(diǎn)歸納(1)lighton/upon偶然遇見，偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn)(2)cometolight為人所知bringsthtolight揭露cast/throwlighton使(問題等)較容易理解例7【單句填空】(1)Recentresearchhasthrownlightonthemystery,whichhasamazedtheworld.(2)ThisisRenia'sdiary,ajournalthatwashiddenforyearsinasafe(保險(xiǎn)柜)．Nowit'scomingtolightwiththehelpofRenia'ssisterandniece.(3)IthoughtImighthavelitupon/onanancientmanuscript.補(bǔ)全句子(4)_____________whenhismotherwalkedintotheroom.看見媽媽走進(jìn)房間，他兩眼一亮。（一）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactual_____________(compose)ofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.2．(2020·江蘇卷)Technological_____________(innovative),combinedwithgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.3．Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,and_____________(wire)phoneshadn'tbeeninventedyet.4．ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclass_____________(distinct)．5．Payforservicecallsrelatedtoproduct_____________(install)orusageinstructions.6．Idiomsusuallycannotbetranslated_____________(literal)inanotherlanguage.（二）固定用法和搭配1．Keepingeyecontactdeliversasenseoffriendshiptothepeopleweinteract_____________.2．YoucouldhavereceivedanAonyourtermpaper,butyouquotedalittlebitmore_____________others'papers.3．Withsomanyexcellentpaintings_____________display,theexhibitionhasattractedalargenumberofvisitors.4．Theplanswereset_____________motionwhenthecompanypresidentsignedthedocument.5．Lightninglit_____________thedarkeningskies,andwithinmomentstheplanewastossed(使搖擺)around.（三）完形填空：長(zhǎng)難句分析Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga‘free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I____31____theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn’twanttosaveafewdollars?Morethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t____32____enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutourinstructorwasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,whichmeantIwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame’s____33____.Icouldhardlywaitto____34____him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis____35____wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeitclearthatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto____36____theclassamongotherrequirements,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto____37____whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,____38____,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat____39____andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe____40____.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’mstillputtingtousewhathe____41____me:“Theabsolutemostimportant____42____thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood____43____.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto____44____asituation,processwhatyouropponent(對(duì)手)isdoingandevaluatethebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy____45____asajournalist.31.A.putforward B.triedout C.jumpedat D.turneddown32.A.worried B.tired C.moved D.excited33.A.best B.fastest C.rarest D.hardest34.A.beat B.interview C.meet D.challenge35.A.qualification B.chance C.job D.honor36.A.skip B.pass C.observe D.attend37.A.compare B.expose C.add D.apply38.A.eventually B.directly C.naturally D.normally39.A.presentation B.course C.game D.experiment40.A.requirement B.department C.classroom D.situation41.A.promised B.wrote C.questioned D.taught42.A.skill B.manner C.step D.fact43.A.impressions B.grades C.decisions D.comments44.A.analyse B.describe C.generate D.control45.A.characteristic B.role C.desire D.concern（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1．composev．作(曲)→_____________n．作曲家→_____________n．作文；作曲2．princessn．公主→_____________n．王子3．wiren．金屬絲；電線→_____________adj.無線的；無線電的4．contrastn．反差，對(duì)比→_____________adj.(在式樣、顏色或態(tài)度上)極不相同的，迥異的5．innovativeadj.新穎的，創(chuàng)新的→innovatev．創(chuàng)新→_____________n．創(chuàng)新，革新6．literallyadv.根據(jù)字面意思→_____________adj.字面意義的7．distinctadj.清晰的；明顯不同的→_____________n．區(qū)別（二）語法填空短文中的黑體部分為本單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)按要求補(bǔ)全短文，并背誦體會(huì)黑體部分的用法。MrLiwasgoodatmusicandalsolikedfolktaleswhenhewasyoung.Afterheretired，hereturnedtohishometownwithhiswifeand1(settle)there.Hebegantotravelaroundthecountrytocollectfolktales.Hetalkedtoalotofvillagersofallagesfromdifferentplaces,only2(find)thattherewasadistinctdifferencebetweenthetalesfromtwodifferentplaces.Abouttwoyearslater,hereturnedtohishometownwithagreatmany3(interest)folktales.Itwashe4settheprogrammeReadingTalesinhisvillageinmotion.Therewasatrendthateachfamilysetasidesometimeforreadingtaleseveryday.Thatwasanenjoyabletime!Inaddition,hewas5innovativethathecomposedalotofsoftmusicfortheoldpeopleinhisvillage.Inhissparetime,healsomadesomelovelytoysusingsome6(use)wiresandotherwastematerials.Mostchildrenlovedthetoysverymuch.Thevillagersadmiredhis7(innovative)somuchthattheyallconsideredhimtobeagiftedtechnician.8contrast,hiswifewaslessactive.Sheoftendidsomehouseworkandseldomwentout.Whenshewasout,sheoftensatbytheriverallday,staringatthegeese9(float)ontheriver.She10(rare)joinedotherwomentalkingandlaughingthere,whichmadeMrLialittleworried.完形填空Asayoungmom,Icanrememberlookingforwardtotheyearswhenmychildrenwouldbegrown.NotbecauseI___21___spendingeachdaywiththem,butbecauseIthoughtonceI’d___22___them,thenallmymomworrieswouldbeover.ButIwaswrong!Whenmysonsweregrown,Idiscoveredthattheworriesjustgotbiggerasthe___23___gotbigger.Whenmyadultchildrenhave___24___difficulttimes,I’verecalledthingsaboutthosewonderfuldayswhenalltheirproblemscouldbe___25___withahug.IthoughtaboutthatthispastweekasstoriesofHurricanelrma’scomingfilledthe___26___.Iheardforecasters(預(yù)報(bào)員)usethe“strongestwindsever___27___”.NotwordsIwantedtohearwhenthatstormwas___28___thestatewheremyson,daughter-in-law,andgrandsonlived.Iwasworriedas___29___ofdamageonislandswhereHuricaneIrmahadalreadyshowedher___30___appearedonmytelevisionscreen.Iwatchedand___31___anxiouslyasthestorie