2023暑假作業(yè) 第12練 現(xiàn)在完成時（原卷版）

第12練現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，但它的_______現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)；還可以表示某人做某事的次數(shù)。規(guī)則變化的過去分詞與過去式的變化一樣，在動詞詞尾加ed；不規(guī)則變化的過去分詞見不規(guī)則動詞表。一、基本構(gòu)成肯定句

主語+have/has+過去分詞+其它

I_______themissingpenintheschoolbag.否定句

主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其它

Manhaven'tdiscoveredanylifeinspaceyet.人來還沒有在太空中發(fā)現(xiàn)任何生命疑問句

Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其它?

Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+have/hasnot.

Haveyoueverdreamedoftravellingtospace？你曾經(jīng)夢想過去太空旅行嗎？二、基本用法1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的_______或結(jié)果。常見標志：just（剛剛），_______（已經(jīng)），yet（尚未），never（從來沒有），ever（曾經(jīng)），before（以前），recently（最近），sofar/uptonow/tillnow（迄今為止），overtheyears（近幾年來），in/during/overthepast/lastfewyears（在過去幾年里）等連用。2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。常見標志：for＋時間段Mybrotherhasbeenincollege_______.我哥哥上大學(xué)已經(jīng)三年多了。since＋時間段＋agoTheyhaveworkedheresincefiveyearsago.他們從五年前開始在這里工作。since＋表示過去的時間點Ihavelivedhere_______.我從去年開始就住在這里。since＋表示過去的句子MyhometownhaschangedalotsinceIwaslasthere.3.表示某人經(jīng)歷某事的次數(shù)。常見標志：once（一次），twice（兩次），threetimes（三次），_______（很多次），howmanytimes（多少次）--Howmanytimeshaveyouseenthefilm?你看過多少次這部電影？--Ihaveseenthefilmthreetimes.這部電影我已經(jīng)看了三遍。三、短暫性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞英語中有一些動詞的意義決定它們所表示的動作不能延續(xù)，只是一瞬間或短時間就結(jié)束的動作，這類動詞叫做“______________”。現(xiàn)在完成時中可以和表示一段時間狀語連用的動詞必須是表示延續(xù)的情況或動作的動詞，即延續(xù)性動詞。如果是短暫性動詞，需要先轉(zhuǎn)換成對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。短暫性動詞start/beginstop/finishopencloseborrowbuymarry/getmarrieddie延續(xù)性動詞beonbeoverbeopen_______keephavebemarriedbedead四、現(xiàn)在完成時中應(yīng)注意的幾個問題1.havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin(at)的區(qū)別（1）havebeento強調(diào)“去而已回”，表示短暫性意義，不與_______連用，可與“次數(shù)”連用。HehasbeentoEuropethreetimes.他去過歐洲三次。（現(xiàn)在已回）（2）havegoneto強調(diào)“去而未回”，表示短暫性意義，不與時間段連用。HehasgonetotheUSAandhewillcomebackinaweek.他已經(jīng)去了美國，將于一周后回來。（還沒回來）（3）havebeenin(at)強調(diào)某人“已在某地停留一段時間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，后面常跟_______。Mybrotherhasbeenincollegeforoverthreeyears.我哥哥上大學(xué)已經(jīng)三年多了。（現(xiàn)仍在上大學(xué)）2.與“現(xiàn)完”有關(guān)的同義句轉(zhuǎn)換表示“某人做某事多久了”，可以用以下句型：主語+have/hasdonesth.for+時間段=主語+have/hasdonesth.since+時間段+ago=Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since+從句=時間段+haspassed+since+從句如：HehasstudiedEnglishfortenyears.=HehasstudiedEnglishsincetenyearsago.=Itis/hasbeentenyearssincehestudiedEnglish.=TenyearshaspassedsincehestudiedEnglish.一、選擇題1．（2022春·河北邯鄲·八年級統(tǒng)考期末）—Whereisyourfather,May?—He________toAustraliaandwillbebackinaweek.A．willgo B．goes C．hasbeen D．hasgone2．（2023春·江蘇淮安·八年級校考階段練習(xí)）—Huai’anisverybeautiful.I________therelastyear.—Yes,I________theretwice.A．went;havegone B．went;havebeenC．havegone;went D．havebeen;went3．（2023春·江蘇揚州·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）Jack_________Rosein2000.Thatistosay,they________fornearly23years.A．gotmarriedwith;havegotmarried B．gotmarriedto;havemarriedC．married;havebeenmarried D．marriedto;havebeenmarried4．（2023春·江蘇揚州·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）—He________exerciseintheparkeverymorningwhenhewasyoung.—Yes,butnowthelifehewasusedto________alot.A．usedto;changing B．wasusedto;haschangedC．wasusedto;changing D．usedto;haschanged5．（2023春·江蘇揚州·八年級校考階段練習(xí)）—It’ssaidthattwoyears________sincetheoldman_________.

—I’msorrytohearthat.A．haspassed,hasdead B．haspassed,died C．havepassed,died D．havepassed,hasdied6．（2023春·江蘇揚州·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）It’sthethirdtimeyou________lateforschoolthisweek.A．were B．a(chǎn)re C．hadbeen D．havebeen7．（2023春·江蘇揚州·八年級校考階段練習(xí)）Themeeting________2hoursago.It________for2hours.A．starts;hasbeenon B．started;hasbeen C．starts;hasbeen D．started;hasbeenon8．（2023春·江蘇揚州·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）Who________awaymybike?Itwasherejustnow.A．hastaken B．took C．willtake D．takes9．（2022春·河北邯鄲·八年級校考期中）—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacher________it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A．willfix B．isfixing C．fixes D．hasfixed10．（2023春·江蘇無錫·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）ThefilmAPlasticOceanissoamazingthatI________ittwice.A．watched B．havewatched C．watch D．willwatch11．（2023春·江蘇徐州·八年級校考階段練習(xí)）Myfatherisn’twithus.Hehas________toShanghai.He_______therelastweek.Hehas_______there3times.A．been;go;been B．gone;went;been C．been;gone;gone D．gone;went;gone12．（2023春·江蘇徐州·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）Myfamily_________inHuai’anfortenyears.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．havelived13．（2023春·河北邯鄲·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）Ourcountry________alotsince1949.Ihopeitwillbecomebetter.A．changes B．haschanged C．ischanging D．willchange14．（2023春·江蘇揚州·八年級?？茧A段練習(xí)）Thisisthe________timeintwodaysthathe________thesamefilm.A．second,saw B．two,saw C．second,sees D．second,hasseen15．（2023春·江蘇南通·八年級如皋市實驗初中?？茧A段練習(xí)）—Howlonghasthisyear’sRussia-Ukrainemilitaryconflict(沖突)________?—Foroverayear.A．started B．ended C．beenon D．beenover16．（2023春·廣西欽州·八年級浦北中學(xué)校考階段練習(xí)）Theshop________forsixyears,butI________theresofar.A．hasbeenopen;haven’tbeen B．hasopened;haven’tgone C．hasbeenopen;haven’tgone17．（2023春·廣西欽州·八年級浦北中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Myuncle________inthisbank________hecametoLondon.A．worked;for B．hasworked;since C．hasworked;for18．（2023春·江蘇徐州·八年級徐州三十五中?？茧A段練習(xí)）Howtimeflies!Tenyears________sinceI________thearmy.A．havepassed;joinedin B．passed;havejoined C．haspassed;joined D．passed;joined二、完形填空（2022春·廣東深圳·八年級深圳中學(xué)?？计谥校〢primaryschoolinCanadahasmadesomeofitsstudentsvery___19___bybanning（禁止）homework.Teacherswillstillbeabletoaskstudentsto___20___andreadathome,buttheycannotgivethemhomeworklikepagesofmathproblems.Theschoolwill___21___thewaystudentsspendtimeinclasstomakesuretheydon’tfallbehindintheirwork.Some___22___thinkit’sabadidea.Theysayhomeworkisawayforthemtoknowhowtheirchildrenaredoinginschool.Andtohelpthemiftheyarehavingproblems.Theschoolsaysitwillsendhomeanexercisebook___23___parentscanseewhattheirchildrenaredoing.SeveralschoolsinCanadaandUnitedStateskeep___24___ifhomeworkisagoodidea.In2009,astudy___25___thatstudentwithmorehomeworkmaygethighermarks.Butthiswasonlytrueforstudentsintheseventhgradeandhigher,notinprimaryschool.Manypeoplebelievethathomeworkisimportantbecauseit___26___childrentomanage（管理）theirtimebetter.Theysayitalsoreinforces（鞏固）whatthestudentsarelearninginschool.Butotherpeoplethinkhomeworkcausesstressforstudentsandmakesthemlessinterested___27___learning.Theysaychildren’slivesaretoo___28___,andtheyneedtobeabletospendmorefreetimewiththeirfamilies,orjustplaying.19．A．sad B．happy C．a(chǎn)ngry D．a(chǎn)fraid20．A．play B．sing C．study D．dance21．A．change B．stop C．study D．continue22．A．students B．parents C．teachers D．experts23．A．so B．but C．or D．if24．A．talking B．discussing C．saying D．speaking25．A．told B．guessed C．tested D．found26．A．tells B．drives C．teaches D．a(chǎn)dvises27．A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．on D．for28．A．free B．interesting C．relaxing D．busy語法填空（2022春·浙江衢州·八年級?？计谥校╅喿x下面的短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法情況和上下文連貫的要求，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式（每空不多于兩個單詞）。Childrenandadultsallovertheworldlovecartoons.Some,likeTomandJerry,arehumorous,andpeoplecan’thelp___29___(laugh)whentheywatchthefunnystoriesinthem.Others,likeSupermanandSpider-man,areaboutheroes.Theyfightbadpeople___30___(protect)thewor