選擇性必修四Unit1(提分小卷)(人教版2019選擇性必修四)(原卷版)

選擇性必修四Unit1提分小卷（考試時(shí)間：30分鐘試卷滿分：60分）詞匯過(guò)關(guān)：本題共20個(gè)小題，每小題1分，共20分。1.Anumberofpaintinginthiscastlewere________(毀壞)inafirein2009.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）2.Ithasbeenofficiallya______thatamillionnewITjobswillbecreatedinthenext5years.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))3.Ithasbeen______（確認(rèn)）thattheWorldInternetConferencewilltakeplacenextweek.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))4.Hewasdeeplyi______bythesuccessofhiseldersisterwhohadbeenadmittedtoakeyuniversity.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))5.DuetotheoutbreakofCovid-19,theywerep________fromtravellingabroad.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）6.Icanseehowmuchofmytimehadbeeno_____withcheckingmyphone.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))7.Thefoodwasbeing___________(加工)intheworkshopwhenthelightwascutoff.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))8.Hewasr______fromschoolbecausehebroketheschoolrule.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě))9.Thedresswaswell________(設(shè)計(jì))byafamousdesigner.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）10.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthatthemeetingwouldbe________(推遲).(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))11.ThreeSyriachildrenwereplayingonthesmallvillageroadwhenabombe________infrontofthem,whichmadethemfrightened.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫(xiě)）12.MorethanhalfoftheCantoneseweredeeply____________(留下印象)bytheexcellentperformancesofChineseathletesintheAsianGames.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))13.Withtherapidp____________(步伐)ofmodernlife,itisincreasinglydifficulttocalmdown.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))14.Zhangjiajiewas______(授予)thetitleof“WorldGeologicalPark”in2004.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))15.Myyoungersisterwas________(認(rèn)出)bythepolicemaninthedistance.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）16.UnwillingtoacceptthetermsputforwardbytheU.Sgovernment,Iraq______(宣布)warontheAmericanarmy.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）17.MichaelJordan,agreatbasketballplayer,isoften________(提及)toas“AirJordan”.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）18.Snowwasp________(堆積)upagainstourdoor.Wehadtosweepitfirst.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）19.Carsweres________（橫掃）awaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）20.Mostofherclotheshadbeen________(撕碎)topieces.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě)）課文改編語(yǔ)法填空：本題共10個(gè)小題，每小題2分，共20分。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Spendingabunchoftimehangingaroundthestreets,youmightbefacedwithonecommonproblem____21____everyoneexperiencesatleastonce,findingatoilet!Byday,wecanfindasolution,likeusingrestauranttoiletsoreventurning____22____thelocalshopsforhelpinemergencysituations,ifthereisnopublictoiletaround.However,especiallyaftermidnight,peoplemayhavetoembarrass____23____(they)byurinating(小便)onstreetcornerswiththeabsenceofan____24____(access)bathroom.Inthemorning,itiseasytoseethatshopownersareleft____25____(clean)thefrontoftheirstores,sufferingfromsmellysmell.Youmightevenhavedreamedaboutatoilet,appearingoverinthecornersuddenly,exactlylikethepop-uptoiletUriliftdoes.TheUriliftcansolvethisproblemforall____26____(gender).Itisrecessed(嵌入式的),somencanstepintothestructure____27____(get)someprivacy.Uriladyisasingleroomfortheladies.Duringtheday,all____28____(lower)belowstreetlevelforaniceandcleanlook.Whenitbecomesnight,____29____operatorcomesbywitharemoteandthefacilitieshydraulically(通過(guò)水壓)lifttosidewalklevelinabouttwominutes.Soundsmagical?Plus,aself-cleaningtechnologyisanotherfeature.____30____(undoubted),findingafreetoiletwhichrisesfromthegroundisaprettygreatoptionforanykindofemergencybathroomneeds.閱讀理解：本題共8個(gè)小題，每小題2.5分，共20分。A篇Scientistshavecreatedthefirstlab-growncoffee,whichtheysay“smellsandtastesliketherealthing”.TheFinland-basedresearchersusedaprocesscalledcellularagriculture,whichincludestakingoutcellsfromasmallplantoranimalsample(樣本).Inthelatestexampleoflab-grownoptions,cellsamplesweretakenfromArabica,apopularcoffeeplantthatmakesup56percentofglobalproduction.Withlab-growncoffee,theresearcherssaythattheycandealwithproblemsfacingtheglobalcoffeeindustry,suchasaneedforclearingspaceforcoffeeplantstokeepupwithanincreasingneedforthedrinkworldwide.TheresearchisbeingconductedatVTTTechnicalResearchCentrebasedinEspoo,Finland—thecountrythatdrinksthemostcoffeeperperson.“Theprocessusesrealcoffeeplantcells,”Dr.HeikoRischer,headofplantbiotechnologyatFinland’sVTTresearchcenter,said.“Atfirst,acellculture(細(xì)胞培養(yǎng))isstartedfromaplantpart,forexample,aleaf.Theformedcellsreproducedonaspecificnutrientmedium.Intheend,thecellsaretransportedtoabioreactorfromwhichthebiomass(生物量)isthenharvested.Thecellsaredriedandroastedthencoffeecanbebrewed.”ThefirstcollectionproducedbyVTTintheirlaboratorysmellsandtastesliketraditionalcoffee,accordingtotheresultsofa“sensoryanalysis(感官分析)”.Afterdrinkingacup,Dr.Rischersaid,“Thereisasurprisinglyfullsmell.Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensoryjudgementandanalyticalexaminationhasfoundthecoffeebearssimilaritytoordinarycoffee,”hesaid.“Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting.”Theideathatcoffeecellscouldbeusedtomakecoffeewaspresentedbackin1974byplantscientistP.M.Townsley.ButtheVTTscientistshaveputthetheoryintopracticewiththeirlab-grownbrew,whichtheythinkcouldhitthemarketby2025.22.Whatmightbeoneofthecausesofcreatinglab-growncoffee?A.Thereexistsanincreasingdemandmarketofcoffee.B.PeopleinFinlanddrinkthemostamountofcoffee.C.Dr.Heikohasbeendevotedtogeneticallyengineering.D.Theideaisbasedonatheoryprovingtobepractical.23.Whatdoestheunderlineword“brewed”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Collected. B.Designed. C.Produced. D.Measured.24.WhatcanbeinferredaccordingtoDr.Rischer?A.Lab-growncoffeeareallmadefromleaves.B.Lab-growncoffeecansatisfythetasteofmostpeople.C.Lab-growncoffeemakespeoplewhodrinkitmoreexcited.D.Lab-growncoffeetastesandsmellsbetterthanordinarycoffee.25.Whatisthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A.Topraisescientistsstickingwithcreation. B.Topresentaresearchonman-madecoffee.C.TointroduceanewkindofArabicacoffee. D.Tosolvecoffeeshortagetroublingpeople.B篇AnewUniversityCollegeLondon-ledstudyfindsthatstaringatadeepredlightforthreeminutesadaycangreatlyimprovedeclining(下降)eyesight.Scientistsbelievethediscovery,publishedintheJournalofGerontology,couldsignalthedawnofnewaffordablehome-basedeyetherapies(治療)helpingmillionsofpeoplegloballywithnaturallydecliningvision.Doctorssayathree-minutedailydoesofthespecialredlightfortwoweekscouldhelpimproveage-relatedvisionproblems.However,theysaynotanyredlightwillhelpimproveeyesight.Theleadauthor,ProfessorGlenJefferysaid,"Istronglysuggestthatpeopleshouldnotjustgoandbuyaredlightonline.Theyhavetoproducetherightwavelength.Wearelookingforacommercialpartnertodothisandtopricethemat$20to$25."ThestudywascarriedoutbyateamfromUniversityCollegeLondon.Researchersconductedtestson24menandwomenagedbetween28and72.Theysaidsomecellsthatcouldhelpusprocesslighthadbecomeworseintheolderpeople.Doctorssaytheredlightimprovedtheabilityofthesepeopletodetectdifferentcolors,particularlyblue.Thevisionoftheseolderpeopleimprovedbyasmuchas22percent,Jeffreysaid,"Populationsareageingrapidlyandthisisgoingtobeamajorissueinthefuture.Weneedto