第5講 閱讀抓細(xì)節(jié)巧推斷-2023年江蘇省中考英語考前必看必練10講

第5講閱讀抓細(xì)節(jié)巧推斷-2023年江蘇省中考英語考前必看必練10講細(xì)節(jié)題一般采用尋讀法，即先看試題，再讀文章。對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位，再將相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行整合、甄別、分析、對(duì)比，有根有據(jù)地排除干擾項(xiàng)，選出正確答案。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率，節(jié)省了寶貴的時(shí)間。尋讀法還特別適用于對(duì)圖形表格類題材的理解。做此類型的題目還要特別注意句子的邏輯關(guān)系。英語中有許多功能詞，如：表因果關(guān)系的because,since,as等；表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but,however,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等等。正確答案的特征：1.正確答案經(jīng)常與中心思想有關(guān)。2.正確答案的位置，最常見的三個(gè)位置是：段首段尾處、轉(zhuǎn)折處、因果處。3.正確答案經(jīng)常運(yùn)用的原則是：同義替換、正話反說、反話正說。4.從語氣角度來看，正確答案中經(jīng)常含有不肯定的語氣詞和委婉表達(dá)的用詞。如：can,may,might,possible,notnecessarily,some.5.正確答案經(jīng)常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只見樹木不見森林。錯(cuò)誤答案的特征：第一大層次：1.無中生有(未提及的概念);2.正反混淆(選項(xiàng)的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);3.所答非所問(雖然選項(xiàng)的說法沒有問題，符合原文，但和題干搭不上邊)第二大層次：1.過分絕對(duì)；2.擴(kuò)大范圍(注意隱蔽型的擴(kuò)大范圍mostly)；3.因果倒置；4.常識(shí)判斷；5.偏離中心；常識(shí)判斷：如果一個(gè)選項(xiàng)僅僅符合常識(shí)，不一定是正確答案，還要看文章中類似的意思有沒有出現(xiàn);如果一個(gè)選項(xiàng)不符合常識(shí)，一定不是正答案。推斷題的類型一、寫作意圖推斷題有些文章，如議論文、說明文等，作者的寫作目的比較明確。但在某些文章中，作者卻不點(diǎn)明自己的寫作意圖，而是讓讀者自己去體會(huì)。這種情況多出現(xiàn)在記敘文或夾敘夾議的文章中，作者往往敘述自己或別人的一段經(jīng)歷，這些經(jīng)歷中往往隱含某些人生哲理或觀點(diǎn)，而這些哲理或觀點(diǎn)往往就是作者的寫作意圖。因此在體會(huì)記敘文或夾敘夾議的文章中作者的意圖時(shí)，大家必須弄清故事的結(jié)局，從故事的結(jié)局中去挖掘作者的用意。在夾敘夾議的文章中，作者往往先敘述，然后發(fā)表自己的看法，而看法之中往往隱含著作者的寫作意圖。D（2019揚(yáng)州中考）Treesincities"livefastbutdieyoung"comparedtoforestsinthecountryside,warnsanewstudy.ResearchersfoundthattreesincitiesdieyoungerthanonesinthecountrysidebecauseofthehigherlevelsofCO2.City-livingtreessuffer(遭受)alossofcarbonstorage(碳儲(chǔ)量).Thatmeanstreesproducelessenergyfromtheair.Nowresearcherssaymoremustbedonetodealwiththesituation.IanSmith,aPhDstudentofBostonUniversityintheUnitedStates,said,“CitiesareintheimportantpositioninfightingagainstrisingtemperaturesandincreasingCO2.”.“Wefindthattreeplantingalonemaynotbeenoughtokeepandincreasecitycanopycover(樹冠覆蓋率).Becauseoftheageandsizeofthepresentcanopy,effortstoimproveandprotecttreehealtharebadlyneededforincreasingcitytreecoverandcanopycover.”Theresearchteamusedamodeltowatchchangesamongstreettreesforseveralplantingandmanagementmethods.Researchersalsousedthemodeltowatchtreegrowth,deathandplantingrates(率)bothamongtreesinBostoncityandforestsinthecountrysideinMassachusetts.Itwasdiscoveredthatratesofcarboncyclingandgrowthratesamongcitytreeswerenearlyfourtimesfasterthanthoseinthecountryside.However,lossofcarbonstorageanddeathratesarealsohigher,especiallydeathratesaremorethandoublehigherthanthoseincountrysideforests.Thestudy,publishedinPLOSONE,hasremindedscientiststoencouragecommunitiestodomoretoplantandprotecttrees.Itisimportanttoincreasecitycanopycoverandcarbonstorage.Researcherssayplantingandprotectingwillbeneededtomakesurecitiescandevelophealthily,butmoreneedstobedonetohaveabetterunderstandingofcitytrees---whichmaybedifferentfromcountrysideforests.45.Thewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthepassageis____________.A.toteachushowtoimproveandprotecttreehealthB.towarnusthattreesincitieslivefastbutdieyoungC.toletushaveabetterunderstandingofcitytreesD.totellustotakeactiontoincreasecitycanopycover【答案】C【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句話可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是讓人們對(duì)城市的樹木有一個(gè)更好的了解。所以答案選C。BIfyouwalkthroughaparkinthemorningorintheevening,youmightseealotofpeopledoingtheseslowandbeautifulmovements—CarrythetigeroverthemountainandWhitecranespreadsitswings.Infact,theyaredoingTaichi.Taichiisanancientmartialart(武術(shù)).ItisacommonkindofexerciseinChina.Morethan100millionpeopleinover150countriespracticeTaichiatpresent.RecentlyUNESCO(聯(lián)合國教科文組織)hasaddedTaichitoitsIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄).Manytaichifanswerehappytohearofit.“Thiswillmaketaichimorepopulararoundtheworld.Hopefully,morepeoplewillbecomehealthierbypracticingit.”saidChenBin.HeisaTaichimasterfromthevillageofChenjiagou,HenanProvince.ThisvillageisthebirthplaceofChen-styleTaichi.It’struethatdoingTaichiisgoodforourhealth.Itcanmakeuswalkandmovemorefreely,anditcanalsomakeusstronger.Duringslowmovements,wecanfocuson(專注)ourhandsandfeet.Wecancontrolthembetter.Slowmovementsalsohelpustotakedeepandlongbreaths.Taichialsofocusesontheharmony(和諧)betweenyin(陰)andyang(陽).ItshowshowtheancientChinesepeoplesawtheworld.Theworldisfullofyinandyang:darkandlight,softandhard,femaleandmale.Buttheydon’toppose(對(duì)立)eachotherabsolutely(絕對(duì)地).Asweseeinthepicture,awhitespotisintheblackareaandablackspotisinthewhitearea.Afteradarknight,thesunwillrise.Leavesfallinautumnbutgrowinspring.Everythingkeepschanging—thatishowweshouldseetheworld.TaichicarriestraditionalChinesephilosophy(哲學(xué)),suchasbeinginharmonywithnatureandusingsoftnesstobeathardness.IthasbecomeasymbolofChineseculture.59.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.ToaskpeopletodoTaichiintheirfieetime. B.Tointroduceanancientmartialart—taichi.C.ToteachpeoplehowtodoTaichicorrectly. D.ToexplainwhyTaichiisgoodforourhealth.【答案】59.B【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)——太極，文章介紹了其發(fā)展起源、蘊(yùn)含的哲理等。故選B。AManysocialstudybooksandarticleshavegraphstogowiththetext.Agraphisakindofpicturethatshowsamounts,ornumbersclearly.Agraphcanshowthesameinformationthatisinthetext,butithelpsyou“picture”theinformationandmakesiteasiertounderstandandquickertoread.Acirclegraph,alsocalledapiegraph,isdividedinto“slices”.Itshowshowthepartsfitintothewhole.Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtoreadit.Step1Readthetitletofindoutwhatthegraphisabout.ThecirclegraphaboveshowsthepopulationofWashington,D.C.Step2Lookattheslices.Thisgraphhasseven“slices”.Eachshowsonegroupofpeople.Youcanseehoweachpartcomparestothewhole-howeachgroupcomparestothetotalpopulation.Step3Usethelabeltofindoutwhatisbeingcompared.ThelabelsonthegraphnamethegroupofpeoplewholiveinWashington,D.C.Alineconnectstothecorrectpartofthegraph.Step4Readtheintroductiontothegraph.Thepassagebesidethegraphmayoffersomemoredetailedinformationofthetopic.33.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Toteachreadershowtoreadsocialstudybooks.B.Toaskreaderstocomparedifferentslicesofagraph.C.Tohelpreadersfindoutthebestwaytoreadanarticle.D.Togivereaderssomesuggestionsonhowtoreadagraph.【答案】33.D【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)“Itshowshowthepartsfitintothewhole.Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtoreadit.”及下文的介紹可知，作者給讀者一些關(guān)于如何閱讀圖表的建議。故選D。二、觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度推斷題態(tài)度、情感或觀點(diǎn)等往往隱含在文章中，而不會(huì)明確說明，因此這類題是比較有難度的推理判斷題。這類題目一般分為兩類：一是作者或文中人物對(duì)某一具體事物的觀點(diǎn)、看法；另一類是作者或文中人物對(duì)另一人物的評(píng)價(jià)。解答時(shí)要根據(jù)作者在文中的措辭來推斷作者的弦外之音，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等。另外還要兼顧全文不能以作者或文中人物在某句話或某段落中的態(tài)度來概括其在全文中的態(tài)度，而是應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)行綜合、歸納，得出最終結(jié)論。Andtechnologymakespeoplemuchmoreforgetfulthantheyusedtobe.Infact,thenewgenerationaremorelikelytoforgetwhatdayitisorwheretheyputtheirkeysthanpeopleovertheageof55,accordingtoaTrendingMachinesurvey.JoPatricia,adoctor,saidtechnologywastoblame.“Thisisapopulationthathasgrownupusingtechnology,oftensufferingfromsleeplessness,whichresultsinhighlevelsofforgetfulness,”shesaid.36.WhatisJoPatricia’sfeelingaboutdigitaltechnology?A.Supportive. B.Inactive. C.Confident. D.Curious.【答案】36.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“JoPatricia,adoctor,saidtechnologywastoblame”可知JoPatricia對(duì)數(shù)字技術(shù)保持不積極的態(tài)度，故選B。三、隱含意義題這類題目往往要求考生根據(jù)文章的某個(gè)句子、段落或全文所提供的事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到的或者沒有明說的事實(shí)或者可能發(fā)生的事情。這類試題的題干中常含infer，suggest，imply，indicate，conclude，belikelyto等詞語。C篇（2019揚(yáng)州中考）Myfatherwasacemetery（公墓）keeper.WhenIwasachild，heoftentookmethere.Beforewelefteachtime，hewouldlaysomestonesonsomegraves（墳?zāi)梗?Ineveraskedwhy.Ijustthoughtthatwashiswork.Yesterday,Ivisitedmysickfather.Heaskedmetogotothecemeteryandlaysomestones.Forsomereason,ithadtobedonethatday.Iagreed.Ihadn'tbeenthereforalongtime.WhenIgotthere,IfoundawomaninfrontofoneofthegravesIwouldlayastoneon.AsIbenttolayit,Iheardherwhisper“Thankyou”.ItwasthenthatInoticedthedateofdeathonthegravewasthatsameday.Thegravewasthatofachild,onlyfivewhenhediedfifteenyearsago."He'smyson,"shesaid."But,where’syourfather?Hewasalwaystheonetoleavethestone.”Itoldherthatmyfatherwasillbutheaskedmetodothis.Itseemedimportanttohim.“Yourfather’skindnessmeansmoretomethananythingelse.Whenmychilddied,Icameoftentoseehim.Itisourcustomtoleaveastone.Ittellstheonewhoisherethatheisthoughtof.But,thenwemovedawayfromhere.somanypainfulmemories.Iwassoafraidthathewouldbealone.Butyourfathermarkedthegraveeverytimehecame.EachtimeIreturnedhere,Isawthatstoneanditalwayscomfortedme.Yourfatheristhekindofmanwhowouldeasethepainofamother’sheartthoughwearestrangers.Justtellhimyousawmetoday,won’tyou?”Shesaid.Ittookmeaminutetofindmyvoice.Thatsmallstonemarkedthegraveofachildandtheheartofhismother.40.Accordingtothepassage，wecaninfer(推斷)___________.A.thewriterunderstoodhisfatherintheendB.layingstoneswaspartofacemeterykeepersworkC.thewomanknewthewriter’sfatherwellfifteenyearsagoD.thestonemarkedthegraveofachildandtheheartofhismother【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段內(nèi)容“Yourfatheristhekindofmanwhowouldeasethepainofamother’sheartthoughwearestrangers.Justtellhimyousawmetoday,won’tyou?”Shesaid.Ittookmeaminutetofindmyvoice.Thatsmallstonemarkedthegraveofachildandtheheartofhismother.”可知作者的父親一開始的行為作者是不能理解的，但是聽完這個(gè)女士的講解后作者能明白父親那樣做的理由了。所以答案選A。D篇（2019揚(yáng)州中考）Rockartisthenamegiventopicturesdrawnonrockbyancientpeoples.IntheAmerican--Southwest,rockartcanbeseenonthewallsofcavesandmountains.ManyoftheseplacesareintheFourCornersarea,wherethestatesofArizona,Colorado,Utah,andNewMexicomeet.Morethan7,000rockartplaceshavebeenfoundjustinUtah,wherethearea’sdryclimate(氣候)hashelpedkeeptheart.Therearethreeformsofrockart.Thefirstispetroglyphs,whicharepicturescarved(雕刻)intothesurfaceofrock.Asharp(尖利的)stonemayhavebeenusedasacarvingtool.Aheavystonemayhavebeenusedtohitthesharpstoneintothesurface.Thesecondformofrockartispictographs,whicharepicturespaintedontherock.Thepaintwasmadefromplantsandtrees.Theartistspaintedwithfingers,brushesmadeformhair,orbirdbones.Thethirdkindofrockartisgeoglyphs,whicharedesignsmadeinthegroundbytakingawaystones.Somerockartshowsfaces,hands,animals,andtrees.Otherpicturesaresymbolssuchaslines,circles,andsquares.Somescientistthinkthesesymbolsmarkedthelocationofwaterorgoodhuntinggrounds.Somethinkthesymbolswereputthereduringspecialcelebrations.Othersthinkthesymbolsshowedthemovementofplanetsandstars.Stillothersbelievethattheyarejustdoodles.Somerockartmaybeaformofwriting.Largescenesareshownonmountains.Somescenesseemtotellastory.Ahuntingscenemayincludeanimalsandpeoplewithhuntingtools.Ascenewithmanypeopleholdinghandscouldmeanfriendship.Rockartincavesmayhavebeenawaytodecoratetheartist’shome.SomerockartintheSouthwestisabout200yearsold.Otherrockartmaybe10,000yearsold.ScientiststhinkanancientpeoplecalledtheAnasazicratedtheolderworks.Theywerefarmersandlivedincaves.37.Whatcanweinfer(推斷）fromthepassage?A.Petroglyphsaretheeasiesttobewashedawaybyrain.B.Artistsofmodemtimescancopyrockartrathereasily.C.TheworkscreatedbytheAnasazimustbepictographs.D.Placeslikerainforestsarenotidealforkeepingrockart.【答案】D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Morethan7,000rockartplaceshavebeenfoundjustinUtah,wherethearea’sdryclimate(氣候)hashelpedkeeptheart.”可知熱帶雨林不適合保存rockart,它們適合于干旱的氣候地區(qū)。IgrewupinahousewheretheTVwasseldomturnedonandwithonewallinmybedroomentirelylinedwithbookshelves，andmostofmychildhoodwasspentonbooksIcouldgetholdof.Infact，Igrewupthinkingofreadingasnaturalasbreathingandbooksunbelievablypowerfulinshapingperspectives(觀點(diǎn))bycreatingworldswecouldstepinto，takepartinandlivein.41．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorasachild?A．HeneverwatchedTV.B．Hereadwhathehadto.C．Hefoundreadingunbelievable.D．Heconsideredreadingpartofhislife.【答案】D 【解析】推理判斷題。由該段中作者對(duì)自己童年的描述尤其是第二句中的“...thinkingofreadingasnaturalasbreathing...”可知，作者從小就非常喜歡看書，在他看來，看書如同呼吸一樣是很自然的事情，因此可推測(cè)出，對(duì)作者來說看書是生活的一部分。四、寫作手法題這類題目要求考生判斷作者的寫作手法，而解答此類題目的前提是明確篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。作者運(yùn)用某種寫作手法的目的，要么是為了引出主題或突出主題，要么是為了吸引讀者的注意，要么是為了把主題表達(dá)得更清楚。常用的寫作手法有：開頭引出問題、列舉具體事物、運(yùn)用比擬或比喻、使用引語等。在判斷篇章結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要特別注意一些起連接作用的詞或短語，如first，second，ononehand，ontheotherhand，besides，inadditionto等。Everynowandthenyoumayseenewsofsatellites(衛(wèi)星)sentintospace.OnFeb21,forexample,UScompanySpaceXtook46satellitesintoorbit(軌道).OnFeb27,Chinasent22satellitesintospace.Whydoweneedsomanysatellites?Whatdotheydooutthere?29.What’sthefunction(作用)ofParagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopicofsatellites.B.Todescribewhatsatellitesarelike.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofsatellites.D.Tocomparethetwocountries’satellites.【答案】29.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whydoweneedsomanysatellites?Whatdotheydooutthere?”可知，作者想在第一段中表達(dá)人類向太空發(fā)射了許多衛(wèi)星，是為了引出話題，故選A。ForSocrates，thefamilywasofnoimportance，andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius，however，thefamilywasthecentreofsociety，withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations.Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.67．Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof.A．timeandeventsB．comparisonandcontrastC．causeandeffectD．definitionandclassification【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。本文把孔子和蘇格拉底所處的時(shí)代以及他們的哲學(xué)思想和主張進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，故文章是以comparisonandcontrast的方式組織展開的。Fewpeoplecanstopthemselvesfromlookingatpicturesofcuteanimals.TakeSallychickenwhichisfamousontheInternetasanexample.Thechickenwithayellowbodyandaflatmouthalwayslookslovely.Seeinghercutepicturecheerspeopleup.Butthere’sanotherusefuleffectofcuteness.29.WhyisSallychickenmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Sheisthemaincharacterofthispassage.B.SheisverycuteandfamousontheInternet.C.Sheisusedtointroducethetopicofthepassage.D.SheispopulartocheerpeopleupontheInternet.【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Newresearchhasfoundthatlookingatcutepicturesofanimalscanalsohelpusconcentrate（專注）better.”和“Fewpeoplecanstopthemselvesfromlookingatpicturesofcuteanimals.TakeSallychickenwhichisfamousontheInternetasanexample.”可知，第一段以Sally為例是為了引出下文的話題，故選C。五、內(nèi)容推理題這類題目要求考生推斷后續(xù)或之前的內(nèi)容。判斷后續(xù)內(nèi)容時(shí)，應(yīng)明確文章最后所說明的問題，這類題目往往在最后一段中有暗示。也有后續(xù)內(nèi)容是對(duì)整篇文章的總結(jié)，這就需要考生準(zhǔn)確把握全文的寫作中心。而判斷之前的內(nèi)容時(shí)，應(yīng)明確文章第一段的話題及得出此話題的基礎(chǔ)。Rainfellallmorning,allafternoon,andallthenextday.Encyclopedialookedattherainandfeltlowerthanasubmarine’s(潛水艇)bottom.Hethoughtabouttakingdownthesignandgoingdiggingforworms(蟲子)withBillyandJodyTurnerorfishingoffthebridgeatMillCreek.Suddenlyapairofrubbers(雨鞋)andaraincoatappearedinthedoorway.Insidethemwasasmallboy.“MynameisClarenceSmith，”saidtheboy,“Ineedyourhelp.”28.Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?A.Encyclopediawouldfinishhishomeworksoon.B.Encyclopediawouldhelptheboywithhiscase.C.Encyclopediawoulddigforworms.D.Encyclopediawouldrepairtheroof.【答案】28.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“‘MynameisClarenceSmith,’saidtheboy,‘Ineedyourhelp.’”并結(jié)合上文可推知，Encyclopedia想成為一名偵探，所以他會(huì)幫助這個(gè)男孩解決他的案子。故選B。F．ScottFitzgerald，bornonSeptember24,1896，anAmericannovelist，wasonceastudentofSt.PaulAcademy，theNewmanSchoolandattendedPrincetonUniversityforashortwhile.In1917hejoinedthearmyandwaspostedinAlabama，wherehemethisfuturewifeZeldaSayre.Thenhehadtomakesomemoneytoimpressher....However，F(xiàn)itzgerald’sproblemswithhiswifeZeldaaffectedhiswriting.Duringthe1920shetriedtoreorderhislife，butfailed.By1930，hiswifehadherfirstbreakdownandwenttoaSwissclinic.DuringthisperiodhecompletednovelsTenderIstheNightin1934andTheLoveoftheLastTycoonin1940.WhilehiswifewasinhospitalintheUnitedStates，hegottotallyaddictedtoalcohol.SheilaGraham，hisdearfriend，helpedhimfighthisalcoholism.59．Thepassageisprobablyfollowedbyaconcludingparagraphabout.A．Zelda’spersonallifeB．Zelda’sillnessandtreatmentC．Fitzgerald’sfriendshipwithGrahamD．Fitzgerald’scontributionstotheliteraryworld【答案】D 【解析】推理判斷題。本文按時(shí)間順序講述了美國小說家菲茨杰拉德的生平，包括其個(gè)人經(jīng)歷及文學(xué)作品等。文章最后應(yīng)當(dāng)總結(jié)前文，總結(jié)身為小說家的他在文學(xué)方面所作的貢獻(xiàn)。故D項(xiàng)正確。Tigersaremyfavoriteanimals.Ifyouaskmymom,she’lltellyouthatmybest-lovedtoywhilegrowingupwasmytoytiger,whichIstilltreasuredearlytothisday.Asayounganimallover,IfeltsosadthattheywereindangerandIwantedtohelpprotectthem.28.Whatwillthewriterprobablytalkaboutnext?A.TraditionsabouttigersintheWest. B.Introductionstoanimalsindanger.C.Theimportanceofprotectingtigers. D.CelebrationsoftheChineseNewYear.【答案】28.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Asayounganimallover,IfeltsosadthattheywereindangerandIwantedtohelpprotectthem”可知，老虎現(xiàn)在處于危險(xiǎn)之中，所以接下來作者會(huì)談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)保護(hù)老虎的話題，故選C。六、文體出處題這類題目要求考生推斷所選文段可能來自何處。對(duì)于這種題目，通常要“五看”：一看內(nèi)容，抓住文章的中心；二看文體，判斷是新聞、日記還是廣告等；三看對(duì)象，明確文章是給誰寫的；四看語言，看語言是否正式；五看材料，看文章中專業(yè)詞匯多還是少，有無數(shù)據(jù)分析等。AQuicklyscreenyourselfathomeforthepresenceoftheCOVID-19(SARSCoV-2)antigen.Testresultsinonly15minutes.Howtouse25.Thepicturesaboveare_______.A.anewsreport B.anotice C.aninstruction D.acomicstrip【答案】25.C【解析】推理判斷題。本文主要講述了如何在家中快速篩查自己是否存在COVID-19（SARSCoV-2）抗原，故文章是一個(gè)指導(dǎo)書。故選C。Thisbriefbookisaimedathighschoolstudents，butspeakstoanyonelearningatanystageoflife. ...Thesearesmallpoints，though，anddon’taffectthemaindiscussion.Irecommendittoanystudentandanyteacher，includingtheself-taughtstudent.66．Thispassagecanbeclassifiedas.A．a(chǎn)newsreport B．a(chǎn)featurestoryC．a(chǎn)bookreview D．a(chǎn)nadvertisement【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。本文是作者對(duì)一本書的介紹以及評(píng)價(jià)，應(yīng)該歸為書評(píng)一類，故選C項(xiàng)。ClosingDateforApplications：4thAugust2010Anticipatedinterviewdate：17thAugust2010Noagenciesplease60．Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercouldwefindthisadvertisement?A．Arts. B．Sales.C．Jobs. D．News.【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。由關(guān)鍵詞applications，interview可知，該廣告為招聘啟事，故應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上的Jobs一欄中。（無錫市2017年真題）A篇StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningByRobertFrostWhosewoodstheseareIthinkIknow.Hishouseisinthevillagethough;HewillnotseemestoppinghereTowatchhiswoodsfillupwithsnow.MylittlehorsemustthinkitqueerTostopwithoutafarmhousenearBetweenthewoodsandfrozenlakeThedarkesteveningoftheyear.HegiveshisharnessbellsashakeToaskifthereissomemistake.Theonlyothersound’sthesweepOfeasywindanddownyflake.Thewoodsarelovely,darkanddeep,ButIhavepromisestokeep,AndmilestogobeforeIsleep,AndmilestogobeforeIsleep.25.Thisismostprobably

.

A.aplay

B.

apoem

C.astory

D.anotice

【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。題意：這篇文章屬于什么體裁？從整篇文章的格式可以判斷出是詩歌。ACommunitychildren’sTrash-sorting（垃圾分類）CompetitionTheme:TrashsortingAbouttheCompetition:TheCommunityChildren’sTrash-sortingCompetitionwillbeheldinthecommunitynextSaturdayandtherearemoreandmorechildrenjoininginthiscompetition.Rules:1.AgeGroup:Childrenbetweeneightandsixteen.2.Contactdetails（聯(lián)系詳情）（inEnglishonly）:Fullnameageandfulladdressincludingphonenumberande-mailmustbeprovidedwhilesigningup.3.Thecompetitionwillbeheldintworounds.FirstRound:Answerrace（搶答）—Thehostwillaskquestionsabouttrash-sortingandchildrenwillhavetoanswerthemassoonaspossible.Thepersonwhoanswersthequestioncorrectlyandfastestcangetonepoint.SecondRound:Actualoperation（實(shí)踐操作）—Thechildrenwillbegivenrealtrash,andtheyhavetoclassifythetrashinalimitedtime.Finally,thejudgewillcounthowmanypointseachpersongetsaccordingtotheaccuracy（準(zhǔn)確度）oftheirtrash-sortinganddecidewhowillbethewinner.PrizesforWinner（s）:The1stPrize:Oneperson—$600andafully-paidtripforthewinner.The2ndPrize:Twopersons—$300eachandafully-paidtripforthewinner.The3rdPrize:Threepersons—Acertificate（證書）foreachwinner.21.Therulesofthecompetitiondon’tinclude________accordingtothepassage.A.thenumberoftherounds B.thethemeoftrash-sortingC.theageofthechildren D.thenameandcontactdetails22.Wherecanweprobablyseethepassage?A.Inasciencebook. B.Inanotice. C.Inastorybook. D.Inatravelguide.【答案】22.B【解析】推理判斷題。本文是一則垃圾分類競(jìng)賽的廣告信息，會(huì)在布告中看見，故選B。CApril22ndeveryyearmarksthebeginningofEarthDay,startedintheyear1970,itisnowcelebratedinmorethan190countrieseachyear.Everyyear,theeventiscelebratedunderadifferenttheme.Thethemefor2022is“InvestInOurPlanet”.However,EarthDayisnotjustaneventtobecelebratedononespecificday.Itisprimarilyareminderforalltodoourrightfuldutyeverydaytosaveourplanet.Below,wehavemadealistoffourthingsyoucandotocelebrateEarthDay(apartfromplantingtrees).Leaveyourcarsathome.Cars,beingthegreatestsourceofairpollution,canbeleftathomethisweekend.Rideabikeorwalkifyourworkplaceisnotthatfarawayfromyourhome.Bealittledirty.Wedon’tmeanit“that”way.Wesimplymeantosay,don’ttakeabath.Adayortwowithoutabathwon’tharmyou,butitwillcertainlydoalotofgoodforourplanet.Adailyshowerisn’tamatterofhealth;it’samatterofcomfort.Volunteeryourself.Thisisoneofthebestthingsyoucando.Itwilldoyougoodtoo.Joinotherlike-mindedindividualsinacommontask,suchasplantingtrees,cleaningaparkorsimplycomingupwithwaysyoucanprotectmotherEarth.Green-upyourhome.Thisisoneofthemostcommonthingsthatpeopledo,thatis,turnoffyourlights.However,thisisnotsomethingyoushoulddojustforadayandforonlyanhour.Turnoffallpowerelectricitypointswhenevertheyarenotinuse.YouknowwhatthebestwaytocelebrateEarthDayis?Extendyourcelebrations.That’sright!Dosomethingeverydaythatwillimproveyoursurroundingstomaketheplanetabetterplacetolivein.Alwaysrememberthateverystep,everyactioncounts.40.Whereisthepassagefrom?A.Ageographytext. B.Asciencereport.C.Anenvironmentalmagazine. D.Atraveladvertisement.【答案】40.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“April22ndeveryyearmarksthebeginningofEarthDay,startedintheyear1970,itisnowcelebratedinmorethan190countrieseachyear.”以及下文的介紹可推知，本文來自于一本環(huán)保雜志。故選C。BYes,youreadthatright:plantsthatdance.It’strue.I’veseenthem!UdonThaniisaprovinceinnortheastThailand.Therearenobigcitiesthereandnotasmanytouristattractionsasthereareinotherpartsofthecountry.Butthereisonesmallplantnursery(苗圃)withoneofthemostamazingbutlittle-knownsightsintheworld:simple,greenplantsthatlooklikecommonweeds(野草).ThesespecialdancingplantsareahybridoftheThaniGyrantandtheChineseGyrant—thepureparentscan’tdanceaswellastheirhybridchild.ThescientificnameofthistypeofplantisCodariocalyxmotorius(舞草).Let’sgobacktothedancing.Walkthroughthenursery,andweseemanybright,eye-catchingplants.Deepinthecenterofthenursery,isarowofthesegreenweeds.Thesearethedancingplants.“Standinfrontofthemandsing,”thenurseryworkersays.Atfirstitfeelssillytosingtoaplant.Isingquietlyandshyly,andnothinghappens.Ithinkaboutleaving,butImakemyselfstayandsinglonger.Slowly,theplantsstartopeningandclosingtheirlittleleaves.ThelongerandlouderIsing,themoretheymove.WhenIstop,theystop.Itesttoseeifmybreathismakingtheleavesblow—nope.They’removingbecauseI’mmakingasound.It’sunimaginabletocommunicatewithaplantthisway.Itmakesmethinkverydeeplyaboutthewaysalllivingthingsarealive.Perhapswe’remoreconnectedwiththeplantworldthanwethinkweare.Whytheplantdancesisstillamystery—justanothersignthatwestillhavealottolearnaboutourworld.25.Inwhichpartofthenewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyreadthepassage?A.MAGICWORLD B.STARSTORIES C.SCHOOLTIME D.NEWSDESK【答案】25.A【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了令人驚嘆卻又鮮為人知的舞草，它是大自然中的植物，由此可知我們最可能在報(bào)紙上“神奇的世界”的部分看到這篇文章。故選A?！竞妙}分享】AJoshuaTreeNationalParkTourDiscoverJoshuaTreewithguidedwalks,talks,andeveningprogramsunderthestarsgivenbyparkvolunteers.Learnhowhumansandwildlifehavetriedtosurviveinthedryland,andhownaturehasshapedthisland.Arriveearlytoallowtimeforparkingorcheck-in.Childrenunderage16mustbewithanadult18yearsorolder.Programstakeplaceoutdoors,butmaybecanceledduringbadweatherorifthereisadangeroflightning.Pleasebringahat,wearsunscreen,andcarryplentyofwaterwithyou.Foreveningprograms,bringwarmclothes.TicketTypePriceAdult(ages12+)$10.00Youth(ages6-11)$5.00SeniorPass(ages62+)$5.00Child(ages6andunder)$1.00NeedtoKnow●DonottotallydependonyourmobileGPS,Siri,orsimilarsystemsfordirections.Youcanbelost.●Allvisitorsmusthaveaticket,includingbabies.Youcanbuyticketsonlyonourwebsite.●Petsarenotallowedontours.ContactPhonenumber:760-367-552221.WhocanmaketheJoshuaTreeNationalParkTour?A.Threestudentsaged15. B.Acoupleandtheirbaby.C.Awomanwithherdog. D.Twomenwithnotickets.22.Whatcanwelearnabouttakingpartinthetour?A.Theweathermaychangethetourplan. B.Theticketpriceforthoseunder16is$5.C.Visitorscanlearnhowtoliveinthepark. D.MobileGPShelpsalotwhenyou’relost.【答案】21.B22.A【解析】本文主要是約書亞樹國家公園之旅的廣告，包括項(xiàng)目介紹，票價(jià)、注意事項(xiàng)等內(nèi)容的介紹。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Childrenunderage16mustbewithanadult18yearsorolder.”可知，16歲以下的兒童必須與18歲以上的成年人在一起，排除A；根據(jù)“Allvisitorsmusthaveaticket,includingbabies.”可知，每個(gè)游客也都得有票，排除D；根據(jù)“Petsarenotallowedontours.”可知，不能帶寵物，排除C，故選B。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Programstakeplaceoutdoors,butmaybecanceledduringbadweatherorifthereisadangeroflightning.”可知，天氣可能會(huì)改變旅行計(jì)劃。故選A。BGrowingupinTanzania,AbdulrazakGurnahneverthoughtofthepossibilitythathemightonedaybe